This document discusses the classification of immigration flows, with a special focus on academic immigration. It begins by outlining push and pull factors that influence migration decisions, such as poor economic opportunities, working conditions, and prospects for career growth in home countries that push migrants out, versus better opportunities, facilities, and support in host countries that pull them in. It then classifies types of immigrants such as international students, refugees, and diplomats. The document also examines brain drain and its positive and negative impacts on origin and host countries, as well as defining academic migration and different types of adapting immigrants.
Country report on semi-structured interviews with temporary migrants - GermanyEURA-NET project
1. The document summarizes research findings from interviews with various categories of temporary migrants in Germany, including international students, professionals, asylum seekers and refugees, and family members.
2. It discusses the migrants' reasons for migrating to and from Germany, future plans, rights and obligations, employment, social relations, and integration experiences.
3. Key findings include that the duration of temporary stays depends on multiple factors beyond just policies, and that transnational relationships are primarily close personal and family contacts maintained through visits, calls or social media.
Country report on semi-structured interviews with temporary migrants - HungaryEURA-NET project
This document summarizes the findings of interviews conducted with temporary migrants in Hungary between 2014-2015. It discusses the methodology and sample characteristics, selection of respondents by migration purpose and region. Key findings include: the attitude towards migrants in Hungary encourages temporariness; different migrant groups have varying characteristics and ways of establishing themselves; migrants have moderate contact with Hungarian society due to language barriers and closed communities; transnational networks and impacts exist but are limited by Hungary's migration policies.
Country report on semi-structured interviews with temporary migrants - ChinaEURA-NET project
This document summarizes interviews conducted with 80 temporary migrants in China, including European students, employees, entrepreneurs and returnees to China. Key findings include: Europeans were motivated to come to China for educational, career and economic opportunities, though many did not plan to stay permanently; returnees were motivated to return to China for better job prospects and social connections; the visa application process was generally smooth for students but longer for employees; and migrants had mixed impressions of Chinese culture but faced language barriers to integration. Suggestions were made to streamline administrative processes, improve language education and clarify health/social policies for foreigners.
Здравствуйт, Russia: A Study on perceptions and awareness of Hong Kong travel...Leo Concepcion
This document summarizes a focus group study on Hong Kong travelers' perceptions and awareness of Russia as a tourist destination. The focus group found that participants had generally negative perceptions of Russia as being cold, unsafe, and associated with its communist/Soviet past. Their awareness of Russia's tourism attributes was limited mainly to Moscow, St. Petersburg, and Russian cuisine. The study concluded that Russia needs to improve advertising and promotion of its positive natural attractions, history and culture to Hong Kong travelers in order to overcome negative perceptions and build awareness as a tourist-friendly destination. Recommendations included an advertising campaign in Hong Kong, branding Russia as a cordial place open to visitors, and disseminating up-to-date safety and travel information
The Kyrgyz Republic is one of the largest recipients of international remittances in the world; from a Balance of Payments measure of remittances, it ranked tenth in the world in 2008 in the ratio of remittances to GDP, a rapid increase from 30th place in 2004.Remittances can be used to maintain the household's standard of living by providing income to families with unemployed and underemployed adult members. Remittances can also be used to promote investment not only in businesses and communities but also in people. In this paper, we examine the role that remittances have played in the Kyrgyz Republic in promoting investments in children. Based on the capabilities approach to well-being initiated by Sen (2010), we look at the impact of remittances and domestic transfer payments primarily from internal migration on children's education and health. Our outcomes include enrollment in school and preschool, expenditures, stunting and wasting of preschool children, and health habits of older children. We use uniqu panel data from the Kyrgyz Republic for 2005-2008 and thus control for some of the biases inherent in cross-sectional studies of remittances and family outcomes. We find that overall remittances and domestic transfers have not promoted investments in the human capital of children. Specifically, preschool enrollments were higher in the urban north but secondary school enrollments were lower in other regions in remittance receiving households; expenditures were also negatively affected in the south and the mountain areas. These negative enrollment results were larger for girls than for boys. We also found evidence of stunting and wasting among young children and worse health habits among boys in remittance or transfer receiving households. In the long run, Kyrgyzstan needs human capital development for growth; our results suggest that remittances are not providing the boost needed in human capital to promote development in the future.
Authored by: Kathryn Anderson, Antje Kroeger
Published in 2011
Migrant Integration: The European Experience and Prospects for RussiaRussian Council
This working paper was prepared as part of the Russian International Affairs Council’s project International Migration Processes: Trends, Challenges and Prospects. Whereas Europe has dealt with mass influxes of immigrants since the 1950s, Russia only encountered this phenomenon relatively recently. Europe’s experience with migrant integration, which will be considered in this working paper, might be useful to Russia in resolving similar issues. The author identifies a range of specific programmes and measures to ease the process of including immigrants and their descendants into the host country’s social institutions, and he offers several recommendations regarding the prospects for integrating migrants in Russia.
Kawai is considering expanding into the Russian market. They analyze Kawai's current business profile, the Russian piano market potential, and cultural factors to inform their entry strategy. Kawai produces grand pianos, upright pianos, digital pianos, and organs. Their sales are strongest in Japan, North America, and China. The Russian market has high potential, especially among the urban wealthy class in major cities. Kawai will need to localize their operations and consider Russia's cultural emphasis on collectivism, egalitarianism, and respect for authority in their leadership approach.
Most research on migrant labour market participation and performance in the UK has focused on non-whites, especially those self-identified as members of one of the officially defined ethnic minorities. Little attention has been paid to other major migrant streams to the UK, most of whose members have entered the country under the European Union’s (EU) freedom of movement of labour principle. These ‘new white migrants’ can be divided into two main groups: West Europeans, who have been moving to the UK since its accession to the, then, European Community in 1973 (with a wider range of countries as membership was enlarged); and East Europeans, mostly from countries of the former Warsaw Pact bloc which joined the Union in 2004 and 2007.
Country report on semi-structured interviews with temporary migrants - GermanyEURA-NET project
1. The document summarizes research findings from interviews with various categories of temporary migrants in Germany, including international students, professionals, asylum seekers and refugees, and family members.
2. It discusses the migrants' reasons for migrating to and from Germany, future plans, rights and obligations, employment, social relations, and integration experiences.
3. Key findings include that the duration of temporary stays depends on multiple factors beyond just policies, and that transnational relationships are primarily close personal and family contacts maintained through visits, calls or social media.
Country report on semi-structured interviews with temporary migrants - HungaryEURA-NET project
This document summarizes the findings of interviews conducted with temporary migrants in Hungary between 2014-2015. It discusses the methodology and sample characteristics, selection of respondents by migration purpose and region. Key findings include: the attitude towards migrants in Hungary encourages temporariness; different migrant groups have varying characteristics and ways of establishing themselves; migrants have moderate contact with Hungarian society due to language barriers and closed communities; transnational networks and impacts exist but are limited by Hungary's migration policies.
Country report on semi-structured interviews with temporary migrants - ChinaEURA-NET project
This document summarizes interviews conducted with 80 temporary migrants in China, including European students, employees, entrepreneurs and returnees to China. Key findings include: Europeans were motivated to come to China for educational, career and economic opportunities, though many did not plan to stay permanently; returnees were motivated to return to China for better job prospects and social connections; the visa application process was generally smooth for students but longer for employees; and migrants had mixed impressions of Chinese culture but faced language barriers to integration. Suggestions were made to streamline administrative processes, improve language education and clarify health/social policies for foreigners.
Здравствуйт, Russia: A Study on perceptions and awareness of Hong Kong travel...Leo Concepcion
This document summarizes a focus group study on Hong Kong travelers' perceptions and awareness of Russia as a tourist destination. The focus group found that participants had generally negative perceptions of Russia as being cold, unsafe, and associated with its communist/Soviet past. Their awareness of Russia's tourism attributes was limited mainly to Moscow, St. Petersburg, and Russian cuisine. The study concluded that Russia needs to improve advertising and promotion of its positive natural attractions, history and culture to Hong Kong travelers in order to overcome negative perceptions and build awareness as a tourist-friendly destination. Recommendations included an advertising campaign in Hong Kong, branding Russia as a cordial place open to visitors, and disseminating up-to-date safety and travel information
The Kyrgyz Republic is one of the largest recipients of international remittances in the world; from a Balance of Payments measure of remittances, it ranked tenth in the world in 2008 in the ratio of remittances to GDP, a rapid increase from 30th place in 2004.Remittances can be used to maintain the household's standard of living by providing income to families with unemployed and underemployed adult members. Remittances can also be used to promote investment not only in businesses and communities but also in people. In this paper, we examine the role that remittances have played in the Kyrgyz Republic in promoting investments in children. Based on the capabilities approach to well-being initiated by Sen (2010), we look at the impact of remittances and domestic transfer payments primarily from internal migration on children's education and health. Our outcomes include enrollment in school and preschool, expenditures, stunting and wasting of preschool children, and health habits of older children. We use uniqu panel data from the Kyrgyz Republic for 2005-2008 and thus control for some of the biases inherent in cross-sectional studies of remittances and family outcomes. We find that overall remittances and domestic transfers have not promoted investments in the human capital of children. Specifically, preschool enrollments were higher in the urban north but secondary school enrollments were lower in other regions in remittance receiving households; expenditures were also negatively affected in the south and the mountain areas. These negative enrollment results were larger for girls than for boys. We also found evidence of stunting and wasting among young children and worse health habits among boys in remittance or transfer receiving households. In the long run, Kyrgyzstan needs human capital development for growth; our results suggest that remittances are not providing the boost needed in human capital to promote development in the future.
Authored by: Kathryn Anderson, Antje Kroeger
Published in 2011
Migrant Integration: The European Experience and Prospects for RussiaRussian Council
This working paper was prepared as part of the Russian International Affairs Council’s project International Migration Processes: Trends, Challenges and Prospects. Whereas Europe has dealt with mass influxes of immigrants since the 1950s, Russia only encountered this phenomenon relatively recently. Europe’s experience with migrant integration, which will be considered in this working paper, might be useful to Russia in resolving similar issues. The author identifies a range of specific programmes and measures to ease the process of including immigrants and their descendants into the host country’s social institutions, and he offers several recommendations regarding the prospects for integrating migrants in Russia.
Kawai is considering expanding into the Russian market. They analyze Kawai's current business profile, the Russian piano market potential, and cultural factors to inform their entry strategy. Kawai produces grand pianos, upright pianos, digital pianos, and organs. Their sales are strongest in Japan, North America, and China. The Russian market has high potential, especially among the urban wealthy class in major cities. Kawai will need to localize their operations and consider Russia's cultural emphasis on collectivism, egalitarianism, and respect for authority in their leadership approach.
Most research on migrant labour market participation and performance in the UK has focused on non-whites, especially those self-identified as members of one of the officially defined ethnic minorities. Little attention has been paid to other major migrant streams to the UK, most of whose members have entered the country under the European Union’s (EU) freedom of movement of labour principle. These ‘new white migrants’ can be divided into two main groups: West Europeans, who have been moving to the UK since its accession to the, then, European Community in 1973 (with a wider range of countries as membership was enlarged); and East Europeans, mostly from countries of the former Warsaw Pact bloc which joined the Union in 2004 and 2007.
Country report on semi-structured interviews with temporary migrants - GreeceEURA-NET project
This document summarizes interviews conducted with 80 migrants in Greece. It finds that most migrants are in Greece temporarily and see it as a transit country due to the financial crisis, with many hoping to eventually reach countries like Germany, UK, France or Scandinavia. The interviews revealed that migrants experience socioeconomic difficulties due to unemployment, legal issues and barriers to integration. While they maintain connections to their home countries, most limit their social lives in Greece to co-ethnic networks due to challenges with language, employment and integration into Greek society. The document concludes by calling for reforms to EU and Greek migration policies and infrastructure to better handle the increasing number of migrants and refugees.
Country report on semi-structured interviews with temporary migrants - the Ph...EURA-NET project
The document summarizes interviews conducted with 80 migrants between the Philippines and Europe from 2014 to 2015. It identifies four groups interviewed: European migrants, European migrants with Filipino backgrounds, Filipino returnees, and non-migrants with family in Europe. Key findings include: transnational mobility is common, migration for work was a main reason but others varied by group, migration plans are changeable, integration in Europe was aided by social networks for Filipinos, and notions of home were linked to relationships and places of origin. Employment patterns diverged between professional Europeans and domestic workers from the Philippines.
Country report on semi-structured interviews with temporary migrants - TurkeyEURA-NET project
This document summarizes the findings of 80 interviews conducted with temporary migrants in Turkey. It discusses the different categories of migrants interviewed, including high-skilled workers, entrepreneurs, low-skilled workers, students, returnees, irregular migrants, transit migrants, asylum seekers, and refugees. It examines their nationalities, genders, duration of stay in Turkey, legal status, socioeconomic situations, integration challenges, and future plans. A particular focus is given to the over 2 million Syrian refugees in Turkey living with temporary protection status but lacking basic rights like employment and adequate access to healthcare and education. The document recommends policy changes to improve the situation for migrants and refugees in Turkey.
Content_Emigration of skilled labour is good for Ukraine's economyPublic Debate
Emigration of skilled labor is traditionally seen as detrimental to developing countries. However, some argue that it can benefit countries like Ukraine. When talented individuals emigrate and later return, they bring new knowledge, skills, resources, and business contacts that can contribute to investments and economic growth. Emigration also encourages education improvement and spurs Ukrainians to gain skills that make them competitive abroad or at home. While "brain drain" risks degrading a country's human capital, supporters argue that managing interactions with emigrants can maximize the potential benefits of their emigration.
Anne Egros is an intercultural trainer specialized in supporting international managers working with Russians. The document provides an overview of Russian history, culture, and business practices. It discusses Russian cultural values such as collectivism, perseverance, and networks. It also covers communication styles, time perception, and tips for managing meetings more effectively with Russian counterparts.
Country report on semi-structured interviews with temporary migrants - UkraineEURA-NET project
This document summarizes interviews conducted with migrants and non-migrants in Ukraine regarding temporary migration patterns through Ukraine. Key findings include:
1) Ukraine functions as a transit country for migration flows between Asia and Europe, with people using Ukraine to travel between the two regions. However, Ukraine is a destination for only a small number of migrants.
2) Interviews were conducted face-to-face and via Skype with respondents of different ages, genders, and migration categories. Analysis found Ukraine plays a role in migration networks and flows through Europe and Asia.
3) Migrants experience socio-economic and cultural impacts, with some gaining new skills but many working jobs below their qualifications. Networks help with migration
Experiences from Destination Countries: Finland, Germany, and the NetherlandsEURA-NET project
The document discusses trends in temporary migration from Asia to Europe. It notes that while countries want high-skilled migrants, accurate numbers are difficult to obtain. Temporary migrants make up a large portion of those coming from Asia to countries like Germany, Finland, and the Netherlands. The document examines the politico-legal, socio-economic, and socio-cultural aspects of temporary migration, finding challenges with integration, ambiguity around remittances, and lack of clarity around the concept of temporariness. It concludes that temporary migration policies can hamper integration and that selectivity in admission and residence policies risks polarizing societies.
ORGANIZATIONAL AND LEGAL ASPECTS OF PATRIOTIC PRACTICES IN REGIONAL COMMUNITI...IAEME Publication
In modern Russia, patriotism as a national idea is the unifying principle of the
Russian nation and a factor in the strengthening of Russian identity. From this point
of view, it is relevant and expedient to analyse patriotic practices in the regional
communities of the country, to identify the dominant forms of their organization and
the factors that influence their formation. This is the main goal of this manuscript,
which looks at patriotic practices in the South of Russia, representing various
repertoires of social action at the macrosocial and microsocial levels aimed at the
social consolidation of regional communities and their integration into the Russian
society. The manuscript, based on the results of the study, substantiates that patriotic
practices in the regional communities in the South of Russia have a complex ethnicsocial
structure and are conditioned by the influence of formal and informal norms of
social interaction. In this regard, formal and informal patriotic practices are singled
out and analysed in the regional communities in the studied region
The principal residence exemption allows homeowners to exempt some or all capital gains realized from the sale of a principal residence from taxation, providing significant tax savings. However, if two homes are owned during the same period that could qualify as a principal residence, at least some of the gains on one home will be taxable. When selling the first home, homeowners must decide whether to designate it as their principal residence to exempt future gains on the second home, or pay taxes now to fully exempt gains on the second home later. The example demonstrates this choice between paying taxes on one home's sale now or the other home's sale later.
El documento presenta una guía de aplicación para un alumno del 5o básico sobre sujeto y predicado, ortografía y objetivos relacionados con el texto argumentativo, incluyendo identificar sus partes y ser capaces de construir uno de manera clara y coherente. La guía es provista por el Colegio Precursor Francisco de Miranda en Quillota.
Geert Driessen (2008) Towards citizenship education in the NetherlandsDriessen Research
The document provides background information on citizenship education in the Netherlands. It describes the history of immigration to the country, including the main categories of immigrants from Western countries, former colonies like Suriname, "guest workers" from Southern Europe and the Mediterranean, and refugees/asylum seekers. It also outlines the Dutch education system and policies around integration and citizenship education. The report was prepared as part of an international comparative research project on citizenship education in secondary schools.
ReferencesKorgen, K. O., & Atkinson, M. P. (2019). Sociology.docxlorent8
References
Korgen, K. O., & Atkinson, M. P. (2019). Sociology in action (1st ed.). Thousand Oaks, CA: SAGE Publications, Inc..
Ch 5: Migration, Globalization, and Cult…
Previous section
Next section
5
Migration, Globalization, and Cultural Diversity
age fotostock/Superstock
Learning Objectives
By the end of this chapter, you should be able to:
· Describe the most common issues or theses that arise within a society as a result of increased diversity.
· Distinguish among the characteristics of migrant workers, immigrants, and diasporas.
· Evaluate factors that contribute to ongoing conflict between the Israelis and Palestinians and discuss the impact of thesefactors on diasporas from that region.
· Explain the historical reasons for the creation of the African diaspora and the diverse cultural composition of that diaspora.
· Synthesize the reasons for social stratification throughout the world and the challenges such stratification poses for the globalsocial environment and the global economy.
· Analyze the relationships among globalization, income inequality, and social stratification.
· Compare concepts of diversity over the past 200 years and forecast future avenues for understanding cultural diversity andindividual differences.
· Differentiate between multiculturalism and pluralism in describing the cultures within a society.Ch 5 Introduction
Previous section
Next sectionIntroduction
Diversity has become a dominant issue in the social, political, and legal environments of American life. The United States, however, is not theonly country with an influx of newcomers into its diverse society. Throughout history, people around the world have traveled from theirhomelands to settle in other geographic regions. The arrival of foreign populations into an established culture compels both recent settlersand existing populations to examine long-held beliefs, values, norms, and behaviors.
Although the specific issues raised by new settlers may vary, common themes emerge as a society becomes more diverse. These themes caninclude:
· the need to understand the meaning of human and cultural diversity in society;
· the favoring of some groups and the oppression of or discrimination against others;
· difficulties in fully understanding and appreciating cultures different from one’s own;
· the ability to balance an appreciation for individuals’ differences while retaining a common and unified culture; and
· the ability to accept and blend diverse and sometimes conflicting norms and values within a nation, state, neighborhood, or family.
Social scientists believe that to understand how these issues play out within a specific culture requires first understanding a culture’shistorical and sociocultural context, as well as the historical and sociocultural context of its new arrivals. Chapter 5 focuses on these commonthemes relative to human diversity and culture around the world.5.1 Migration and Global Diversity
The causes of migration are complex and varied,.
Comparative Analysis of Transnational Labor Migrants Everyday Life Practices ...comparsociology
This document summarizes Andrey V. Rezaev's comparative analysis of the everyday life practices of transnational labor migrants in Athens, Greece and St. Petersburg, Russia from 2009-2012. The study used methods like observation, group discussions, interviews and case studies to understand and compare the experiences of migrants in both cities. Preliminary conclusions found that migrants' everyday life practices can promote both social exclusion but also social inclusion if transformed. There is also a need for more inclusive policies and language regarding transnational migrants.
Challenges Facing Sending Countries (China, India, the Philippines, and Thail...EURA-NET project
Sending countries face several challenges related to temporary migration. They have diverse migration histories and governance systems. While many were traditionally sending countries, some like China and India have also become destinations. Sending countries have varying levels of institutions and policies governing outward and inward migration. There are also unequal power dynamics between sending and destination countries. Sending countries aim to protect migrants at all stages of migration but often irregular migrants are penalized. They also seek to manage social costs and address root causes of migration while pursuing benefits for countries of origin, destination, and migrants themselves.
Social Exclusion and Social Inclusion of Transnational Migrants in Actioncomparsociology
This document discusses a sociological analysis of social inclusion and exclusion of transnational migrants in St. Petersburg, Russia. It has three main sections. The first discusses theoretical frameworks around social inclusion/exclusion and defines key concepts. The second examines Russia's immigration regime and policies, as well as trends in transnational student migrants. The third describes field research methods used to study everyday life practices of migrant students in St. Petersburg from 2009-2012, including interviews and observations. It aims to understand exclusion processes and identify challenges for sociological perspectives in exploring migrant integration.
Country report on semi-structured interviews with temporary migrants - GreeceEURA-NET project
This document summarizes interviews conducted with 80 migrants in Greece. It finds that most migrants are in Greece temporarily and see it as a transit country due to the financial crisis, with many hoping to eventually reach countries like Germany, UK, France or Scandinavia. The interviews revealed that migrants experience socioeconomic difficulties due to unemployment, legal issues and barriers to integration. While they maintain connections to their home countries, most limit their social lives in Greece to co-ethnic networks due to challenges with language, employment and integration into Greek society. The document concludes by calling for reforms to EU and Greek migration policies and infrastructure to better handle the increasing number of migrants and refugees.
Country report on semi-structured interviews with temporary migrants - the Ph...EURA-NET project
The document summarizes interviews conducted with 80 migrants between the Philippines and Europe from 2014 to 2015. It identifies four groups interviewed: European migrants, European migrants with Filipino backgrounds, Filipino returnees, and non-migrants with family in Europe. Key findings include: transnational mobility is common, migration for work was a main reason but others varied by group, migration plans are changeable, integration in Europe was aided by social networks for Filipinos, and notions of home were linked to relationships and places of origin. Employment patterns diverged between professional Europeans and domestic workers from the Philippines.
Country report on semi-structured interviews with temporary migrants - TurkeyEURA-NET project
This document summarizes the findings of 80 interviews conducted with temporary migrants in Turkey. It discusses the different categories of migrants interviewed, including high-skilled workers, entrepreneurs, low-skilled workers, students, returnees, irregular migrants, transit migrants, asylum seekers, and refugees. It examines their nationalities, genders, duration of stay in Turkey, legal status, socioeconomic situations, integration challenges, and future plans. A particular focus is given to the over 2 million Syrian refugees in Turkey living with temporary protection status but lacking basic rights like employment and adequate access to healthcare and education. The document recommends policy changes to improve the situation for migrants and refugees in Turkey.
Content_Emigration of skilled labour is good for Ukraine's economyPublic Debate
Emigration of skilled labor is traditionally seen as detrimental to developing countries. However, some argue that it can benefit countries like Ukraine. When talented individuals emigrate and later return, they bring new knowledge, skills, resources, and business contacts that can contribute to investments and economic growth. Emigration also encourages education improvement and spurs Ukrainians to gain skills that make them competitive abroad or at home. While "brain drain" risks degrading a country's human capital, supporters argue that managing interactions with emigrants can maximize the potential benefits of their emigration.
Anne Egros is an intercultural trainer specialized in supporting international managers working with Russians. The document provides an overview of Russian history, culture, and business practices. It discusses Russian cultural values such as collectivism, perseverance, and networks. It also covers communication styles, time perception, and tips for managing meetings more effectively with Russian counterparts.
Country report on semi-structured interviews with temporary migrants - UkraineEURA-NET project
This document summarizes interviews conducted with migrants and non-migrants in Ukraine regarding temporary migration patterns through Ukraine. Key findings include:
1) Ukraine functions as a transit country for migration flows between Asia and Europe, with people using Ukraine to travel between the two regions. However, Ukraine is a destination for only a small number of migrants.
2) Interviews were conducted face-to-face and via Skype with respondents of different ages, genders, and migration categories. Analysis found Ukraine plays a role in migration networks and flows through Europe and Asia.
3) Migrants experience socio-economic and cultural impacts, with some gaining new skills but many working jobs below their qualifications. Networks help with migration
Experiences from Destination Countries: Finland, Germany, and the NetherlandsEURA-NET project
The document discusses trends in temporary migration from Asia to Europe. It notes that while countries want high-skilled migrants, accurate numbers are difficult to obtain. Temporary migrants make up a large portion of those coming from Asia to countries like Germany, Finland, and the Netherlands. The document examines the politico-legal, socio-economic, and socio-cultural aspects of temporary migration, finding challenges with integration, ambiguity around remittances, and lack of clarity around the concept of temporariness. It concludes that temporary migration policies can hamper integration and that selectivity in admission and residence policies risks polarizing societies.
ORGANIZATIONAL AND LEGAL ASPECTS OF PATRIOTIC PRACTICES IN REGIONAL COMMUNITI...IAEME Publication
In modern Russia, patriotism as a national idea is the unifying principle of the
Russian nation and a factor in the strengthening of Russian identity. From this point
of view, it is relevant and expedient to analyse patriotic practices in the regional
communities of the country, to identify the dominant forms of their organization and
the factors that influence their formation. This is the main goal of this manuscript,
which looks at patriotic practices in the South of Russia, representing various
repertoires of social action at the macrosocial and microsocial levels aimed at the
social consolidation of regional communities and their integration into the Russian
society. The manuscript, based on the results of the study, substantiates that patriotic
practices in the regional communities in the South of Russia have a complex ethnicsocial
structure and are conditioned by the influence of formal and informal norms of
social interaction. In this regard, formal and informal patriotic practices are singled
out and analysed in the regional communities in the studied region
The principal residence exemption allows homeowners to exempt some or all capital gains realized from the sale of a principal residence from taxation, providing significant tax savings. However, if two homes are owned during the same period that could qualify as a principal residence, at least some of the gains on one home will be taxable. When selling the first home, homeowners must decide whether to designate it as their principal residence to exempt future gains on the second home, or pay taxes now to fully exempt gains on the second home later. The example demonstrates this choice between paying taxes on one home's sale now or the other home's sale later.
El documento presenta una guía de aplicación para un alumno del 5o básico sobre sujeto y predicado, ortografía y objetivos relacionados con el texto argumentativo, incluyendo identificar sus partes y ser capaces de construir uno de manera clara y coherente. La guía es provista por el Colegio Precursor Francisco de Miranda en Quillota.
Geert Driessen (2008) Towards citizenship education in the NetherlandsDriessen Research
The document provides background information on citizenship education in the Netherlands. It describes the history of immigration to the country, including the main categories of immigrants from Western countries, former colonies like Suriname, "guest workers" from Southern Europe and the Mediterranean, and refugees/asylum seekers. It also outlines the Dutch education system and policies around integration and citizenship education. The report was prepared as part of an international comparative research project on citizenship education in secondary schools.
ReferencesKorgen, K. O., & Atkinson, M. P. (2019). Sociology.docxlorent8
References
Korgen, K. O., & Atkinson, M. P. (2019). Sociology in action (1st ed.). Thousand Oaks, CA: SAGE Publications, Inc..
Ch 5: Migration, Globalization, and Cult…
Previous section
Next section
5
Migration, Globalization, and Cultural Diversity
age fotostock/Superstock
Learning Objectives
By the end of this chapter, you should be able to:
· Describe the most common issues or theses that arise within a society as a result of increased diversity.
· Distinguish among the characteristics of migrant workers, immigrants, and diasporas.
· Evaluate factors that contribute to ongoing conflict between the Israelis and Palestinians and discuss the impact of thesefactors on diasporas from that region.
· Explain the historical reasons for the creation of the African diaspora and the diverse cultural composition of that diaspora.
· Synthesize the reasons for social stratification throughout the world and the challenges such stratification poses for the globalsocial environment and the global economy.
· Analyze the relationships among globalization, income inequality, and social stratification.
· Compare concepts of diversity over the past 200 years and forecast future avenues for understanding cultural diversity andindividual differences.
· Differentiate between multiculturalism and pluralism in describing the cultures within a society.Ch 5 Introduction
Previous section
Next sectionIntroduction
Diversity has become a dominant issue in the social, political, and legal environments of American life. The United States, however, is not theonly country with an influx of newcomers into its diverse society. Throughout history, people around the world have traveled from theirhomelands to settle in other geographic regions. The arrival of foreign populations into an established culture compels both recent settlersand existing populations to examine long-held beliefs, values, norms, and behaviors.
Although the specific issues raised by new settlers may vary, common themes emerge as a society becomes more diverse. These themes caninclude:
· the need to understand the meaning of human and cultural diversity in society;
· the favoring of some groups and the oppression of or discrimination against others;
· difficulties in fully understanding and appreciating cultures different from one’s own;
· the ability to balance an appreciation for individuals’ differences while retaining a common and unified culture; and
· the ability to accept and blend diverse and sometimes conflicting norms and values within a nation, state, neighborhood, or family.
Social scientists believe that to understand how these issues play out within a specific culture requires first understanding a culture’shistorical and sociocultural context, as well as the historical and sociocultural context of its new arrivals. Chapter 5 focuses on these commonthemes relative to human diversity and culture around the world.5.1 Migration and Global Diversity
The causes of migration are complex and varied,.
Comparative Analysis of Transnational Labor Migrants Everyday Life Practices ...comparsociology
This document summarizes Andrey V. Rezaev's comparative analysis of the everyday life practices of transnational labor migrants in Athens, Greece and St. Petersburg, Russia from 2009-2012. The study used methods like observation, group discussions, interviews and case studies to understand and compare the experiences of migrants in both cities. Preliminary conclusions found that migrants' everyday life practices can promote both social exclusion but also social inclusion if transformed. There is also a need for more inclusive policies and language regarding transnational migrants.
Challenges Facing Sending Countries (China, India, the Philippines, and Thail...EURA-NET project
Sending countries face several challenges related to temporary migration. They have diverse migration histories and governance systems. While many were traditionally sending countries, some like China and India have also become destinations. Sending countries have varying levels of institutions and policies governing outward and inward migration. There are also unequal power dynamics between sending and destination countries. Sending countries aim to protect migrants at all stages of migration but often irregular migrants are penalized. They also seek to manage social costs and address root causes of migration while pursuing benefits for countries of origin, destination, and migrants themselves.
Social Exclusion and Social Inclusion of Transnational Migrants in Actioncomparsociology
This document discusses a sociological analysis of social inclusion and exclusion of transnational migrants in St. Petersburg, Russia. It has three main sections. The first discusses theoretical frameworks around social inclusion/exclusion and defines key concepts. The second examines Russia's immigration regime and policies, as well as trends in transnational student migrants. The third describes field research methods used to study everyday life practices of migrant students in St. Petersburg from 2009-2012, including interviews and observations. It aims to understand exclusion processes and identify challenges for sociological perspectives in exploring migrant integration.
KG Alumni Listserv - Issue 394, March 22, 2012Evgeny Dronov
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Similar to Presentation immigration flows and academic migration (20)
Presentation immigration flows and academic migration
1. Migration and Integration in Europe and Russia:
New Challenges and Opportunities
International Conference,
St. Petersburg,
November 16-18, 2012.
Classification of Immigration Flows
with the Special Focus on Academic Immigration.
Dr. Olga Lakizyuk, 17.11.2012.
2. Classification of Immigration Flows
with the Special Focus on Academic Immigration.
Contents of this presentation:
•
classification of immigration flows and migrants
•
academic immigration, its reasons, positive and negative aspects
for the origin and hosting countries
•
defintion of the term Academic Migration as a result of my own
theoretical and practical research
•
empirical and theoretical basis – habilitation/ postdoctoral studies,
topic: “Local and global living environments: the influence of
studying and living in Germany on the professional life and
individual concepts of Academic Representatives from the
Russian Federation”.
Migration and Integration in Europe and Russia: New Challenges and Opportunities.
3. Classification of Immigration Flows
with the Special Focus on Academic Migration.
To understand the classification of immigration flows it is important to
consider the core reasons for migration → why do immigrants leave their
home countries and which factors are for them attractive in the host
countries?
Push Factors:
•
bad/unstable situation in the labour market, including unemployment,
low remuneration and unfair, non merit based competition between
applicants,
•
discouraging working conditions, including lack of technical, social,
financial support, research possibilities and facilities, access to literature,
fair work contracts, human factors and possibilities for the
professional/career growth and development,
Migration and Integration in Europe and Russia: New Challenges and Opportunities.
4. Classification of Immigration Flows
with the Special Focus on Academic Immigration.
•
limited possibilities for further studies and advancement of existing
qualifications,
•
contradictions between the level of personal development, personal
requirements, possibilities for future development and the local conditions
for its implementation,
•
uncertainty and unclear perspectives for the future, bad prognosis for
personal growth,
•
disinterest or frustration with the native environment, desire to explore new
horizons,
•
predisposition for visiting a specific country/ social appeal, impulse, wish for
adventure and escape, timing / suitable age for travel,
Migration and Integration in Europe and Russia: New Challenges and Opportunities.
5. Classification of Immigration Flows
with the Special Focus on Academic Immigration.
•
advice from friends, imitation of friends and relatives similar behaviour/
previous experience,
•
lack of institutional / infrastructure development,
•
primitive legislative environment, for example - immigration policy,
•
unfair/complex taxes,
•
high criminality levels,
•
political repression,
•
religious suppression,
•
cultural norms,
Migration and Integration in Europe and Russia: New Challenges and Opportunities.
6. Classification of Immigration Flows
with the Special Focus on Academic Immigration.
•
adjustment aspects (distance between the home and host cultures),
•
cultural novelty aspects, the (perceived) lack of cultural life,
•
low living standards and bad living conditions, unsatisfactory general
housing conditions,
•
restricted mobility within distinct countries or within the home country,
transportation systems used in the home country,
•
climatic conditions,
•
high population growth and densely populated land,
•
low/primitive level of health care facilities,
Migration and Integration in Europe and Russia: New Challenges and Opportunities.
7. Classification of Immigration Flows
with the Special Focus on Academic Immigration.
•
limited social guarantees and social security infrastructure,
•
abusive and compulsory military service,
•
lack of family protection policies and
•
the lack of privileges for highly qualified workers/ students (P. Han, R. and
G. Riepe, M. Bös, p. 59- 63, Wenning, p. 219-222, Carrington/ Detragiache,
Wilson, Inkson.
Reasons of academic migration?
Migration and Integration in Europe and Russia: New Challenges and Opportunities.
8. Classification of Immigration Flows
with the Special Focus on Academic Immigration.
Pull factors are logically the opposite to the recently mentioned reasons
So the economical, industrial, high-technological, political, cultural,
demographical, personal reasons of migration, possibilities for
professional development, conditions in the every day and social life
determine the following types of immigrants:
● international contract workers (international students, international health
care staff, journalists / media and hospitality industry);
● immigrants arriving as a result of family reunion;
● diplomats and diplomatic corps;
Migration and Integration in Europe and Russia: New Challenges and Opportunities.
9. Classification of Immigration Flows
with the Special Focus on Academic Immigration.
● artists; ● members of Peace Enforcement
Corps-type / UN Organizations;
● refugees;
● professional athletes;
● trainees;
● study abroad students and
● missionaries and their families;
● international exchange foreign
● military representatives; students (Baran, LaBrack).
● TCKs and Global Nomads;
● immigrants arriving as a result of
the International Development
Aid;
Migration and Integration in Europe and Russia: New Challenges and Opportunities.
10. Classification of Immigration Flows
with the Special Focus on Academic Immigration.
“Brain drain” encompasses such processes as:
brain overflow, brain migration and brain exchange.
Positive and negative aspects of immigration for the origin and host
countries:
economical,
industrial,
high-technology,
scientific,
Migration and Integration in Europe and Russia: New Challenges and Opportunities.
11. Classification of Immigration Flows
with the Special Focus on Academic Immigration.
political,
cultural,
demographic,
social (increase of social capital as a local resource, socio-economic
infrastructure, etc.) advantages and disadvantages.
Accordingly to the above mentioned aspects it is meaningful to assume
that the more developed countries obtain more benefits from this process
However, it is also a question of personal preferences as well (less
economical/ industrial developed societies and their particular pull
factors)
Migration and Integration in Europe and Russia: New Challenges and Opportunities.
12. Classification of Immigration Flows
with the Special Focus on Academic Immigration.
Types of immigrants (according to E. Robert):
unaware strangers (people, who have little or no knowledge about past or
current changes in a particular society),
cognizant strangers (for these people it takes not much time to become aware
of the new surrounds),
deliberately at home (for these immigrants the return is more difficult than
integration, they need more time to become aware and to accept changes),
instinctively at home (this group of immigrants live in both cultures
simultaneously, integration as readjustment do take the usual time, but do not
cause problems).
! Certainly the above defined types are flexible, can appear in mixed form or
complement each other.
Migration and Integration in Europe and Russia: New Challenges and Opportunities.
13. Classification of Immigration Flows
with the Special Focus on Academic Immigration.
Study and work abroad or academic migration:
are compared with tourism a process, which means the long-term change
of the main place of residence of a person. It is not relevant to determine
the periods of study and/ or work abroad as well as the change of living
interests,
can be subdivided into work and study, the common aspect here is the
process itself, aiming mainly to develop professional skills. In the
particular case of other important goals for staying abroad it would be
more relevant to speak about other type of immigrants / immigration,
Migration and Integration in Europe and Russia: New Challenges and Opportunities.
14. Classification of Immigration Flows
with the Special Focus on Academic Immigration.
processes, related with economical, industrial, high-technology, political,
cultural, demographic, personal reasons for immigration, possibilities of
professional development, conditions in the every day life and social life,
are positivelly connected not only with development of professional
skills, but also with improvement of communication abilities, motivation
in life, better networking, intercultural and global understanding,
personal development and new friendships,
Migration and Integration in Europe and Russia: New Challenges and Opportunities.
15. Classification of Immigration Flows
with the Special Focus on Academic Immigration.
can play an important role and meaning in the life of academic
representatives, however the complete spectrum of possible relations and
emotions to this process, including admiration, (particular) sympathies,
relative indifference and sceptic relations is possible. It is a question of
personal characteristics of each individual and type of conditions met
while working and studying in the other country,
are often connected with difficulties during integration and reintegration.
Here seems also relevant to mention personal character traits and every-
day conditions including coaching and family/ state/ friendship support
in the home and host country or the absence of this support, that is, the
full freedom or the “Ad-Hoc-Politic”,
Migration and Integration in Europe and Russia: New Challenges and Opportunities.
16. Classification of Immigration Flows
with the Special Focus on Academic Immigration.
have, in many cases, an influence on the growth and development of the
societies in the home and host country alike, mostly including
infrastructure development and improvements, political and social
change, progress in the scientific / high technology field, economic
growth and development of new business ideas,
can be directly linked with the state of the home country in regards to
financial losses, lack of or less progress and professional development,
increased costs for the reintegration process in the case of expatriates,
are for the societies of host countries and in many cases, the inefficiently
used immigration resource, related with the decreasing of professional
and communication skills of highly qualified immigrants,
Migration and Integration in Europe and Russia: New Challenges and Opportunities.
17. Classification of Immigration Flows
with the Special Focus on Academic Immigration.
are phenomena, which rational implementation in the home and host
country depends on such factors as duration of immigration; amount of
immigration streams; laws and (re)integration (support); work and every
day conditions; public policy; brain exchange aspect or brain outflow
and (amount of) (ethnic) communication,
can contribute to the global development in the economy, science,
legislative policies, politics, social and spiritual life, better social and
professional participation of individuals,
Migration and Integration in Europe and Russia: New Challenges and Opportunities.
18. Classification of Immigration Flows
with the Special Focus on Academic Immigration.
are processes, in many cases connected with bigger levels of freedom,
better social status, public perception and patriotic perspectives
concerning the home and host country – nevertheless are the opposite
developments also often various: the unsuccessful (re)integration, (lack
of) social support, limited professional possibilities and every day
conditions can cause the opposite developments.
Migration and Integration in Europe and Russia: New Challenges and Opportunities.
19. Literature:
LaBrack, Bruce. (2011): After Shocks! The
Baran, Rıza. (2005): Von GastarbeiterInnen zu Trip May Be Over But the Journey
MigrantInnen. Migrationsrat Berlin und Continues! University of the Pacific. (Ed.).
Brandenburg. (Ed). Online: Online: http://web.pacific.edu/x10280.xml,
http://www.migrationsrat.de, Mai, 2005. June, 2011.
Bös, Mathias. (1997): Migration als Problem Riepe, Regina und Georg. (2001): Fremd ist der
offener Gesellschaften. Globalisierung und Fremde nur in der Fremde. Lamuv Verlag,
sozialer Wandel in Westeuropa und in Göttingen.
Nordamerika. Leske und Budrich, Opladen.
Robert, E. (2006): The Value of Your
Carrington, William, Detragiache, Enrica. Repatriates/ Repatriation Strategies.
(1998): How big is the brain drain? ExpatRepatServices. (Ed.). Online:
International Monetary Fond. Research http://www.expat-repat.com/value.php,
Department (Ed.). In: IMF Working Paper May, 2011.
No. 98/102.
Wenning, Norbert. (1997): Migration. In:
Han, Petrus. (2000): Soziologie der Migration. Schmalz-Jakobsen, Cornelia, Hansen,
Lucius & Lucius. Stuttgart Georg: Kleines Lexikon der ethnischen
Minderheiten in Deutschland. Beck, CH,
Inkson, Kerr. (2003): „The big OE”: self- München.
directed travel and career development. In:
Career Development International, Vol. 8, Wilson, Angene H. (1993): A cross-national
Iss. 4. Massey University, Auckland perspective on reentry of high school
University (Ed.). exchange students. In: International Journal
of Intercultural Relations,Volume 17, Issue
4.