The document discusses Pakistan's economic history and challenges from 1947 to the present. It covers three time periods: 1) 1947-1990: Pakistan started with a weak economic base but saw rapid growth until external shocks hit in the 1970s. Various public institutions were formed to support development. 2) 1990-2015: The economy declined from volatile and inequitable growth due to factors like extremism, debt, corruption, and political instability. Poverty increased sharply. 3) Recent times: Some achievements include increased production, industries, and energy. However, events like the Global Financial Crisis, war on terror, and COVID-19 have impacted the economy. Stakeholders believe following an outward strategy