This explains how electricity is produced, consumed and what are the reason behind load shedding

1. ELECTRICITY PRODUCTION AND
CONSUMPTION IN PAKISTAN
PREPARED BY
MUHAMMAD UMAID

2. WHAT IS ELECTRICITY ?

3. USES OF ELECTRICITY
ENTERTAINMENT
HEALTHCARE
ENGINEERING
TRANSPORT and
COMMUNICATION
OUTDOOR
HOUSEHOLD
COMMERCIAL
OFFICE
FUEL
SPACE
MAIN SECTOR OF ELECTRICITY:
WAPDA (Water and Power Development Authority)
K-ELECTRIC (Karachi Electric)
TOTAL INSTALLED CAPACITY OF ELECTRICITY : 37402MW
TOTAL DEMAND........................................................... :25000MW
TRANSMISSION AND DISTRIBUTION CAPACITY :22000MW
(approx)
SHORTFALL 0F ELECTRICITY................................... :3000MW
(approx)

4. PRODUCTION OF ELECTRICITY
Furnace Oil :14% of total
Natural Gas :31% of total
Coal :16% of total
Hydroelectric :29% of total
Nuclear :4% of total
Renewable (solar & wind ) :5% of total
Others ( Bagasse, Waste Heat Recovery etc) :1% of total

5. FACTORS WHICH LEDS TO EXISTING POWER FAILURE
FLUCTUATION OF OIL PRICES IN INTERNATIONAL MARKET
ECONOMIC AND POLITICAL INSTABILITY
FAULTY DISTRIBUTION SYSTEM
AGING OF EQUIPMENTS
MIS MANAGEMENT OF ENERGY RESOURCES
NON-PAYMENT OF ELECTRIC BILL BY FEDERAL AND PROVINCIAL INSTITUTION
THEFT OF ELECTRICITY

6. MAIN REASON OF POWER SHORTAGE
• THEFT OF ELECTRICITY

7. EFFECT OF CRISES
1. EFFECT ON PEOPLE 2 . EFFECTON ECONOMY
POVERTY
UNEMPLOYMENT
SOCIAL ISSUES
LOW ECONOMIC GROWTH
SHIFTING OF INDUSTRY OUT OF
PAKISTAN
DISCOURAGEMENT FOR NEW
INVESTORS

8. SOLUTION TO END POWER SHORTAGE
 EDUCATE THE USERS OF ELECTRICITY BY CONSERVATION MEASURES THROUGH CAMPAIGN IN ELECTRONIC
MEDIA
 BY THE USE OF WIND AND SOLAR ENERGY
 OVERHAULING THE POWER PLANTS
 RELAXING DUTIES AND TAXES ON ENERGY CONSERVING DEVICES
 STRICT IMPLEMENTATION ON PENAL PROVISION