Presentation given on the status of global geothermal development at the Indonesia International Geothermal Convention & Exhibition 2017 in Jakarta, Indonesia

1. GLOBAL GEOTHERMAL
DEVELOPMENT
UPDATE – IIGCE 2017
AUGUST 2017

2. GEOTHERMAL ENERGY
INTERNATIONAL GEOTHERMAL ASSOCIATION

3. GEOTHERMAL ENERGY
INTERNATIONAL GEOTHERMAL ASSOCIATION

4. TOP 10 GEOTHERMAL COUNTRIES
INSTALLED CAPACITY MW (AUGUST 2017) – 13,662 MW
934
542
665
676
861
926
944
980
1,699
1,868
3,567
0 500 1000 1500 2000 2500 3000 3500
Other
Japan
Iceland
Kenya
Turkey
Mexico
Italy
New Zealand
Indonesia
Philippines
United States
Source: TGE Research (2017), GEA (2016), IGA (2015), JESDER (2017) Enerji Atlasi (2017)
1 GW Geothermal Country Club

5. GLOBAL GEOTHERMAL POTENTIAL
POWER GENERATION POTENTIAL (MWe)
Sources: ThinkGeoEnergy, Geothermal Energy Association, IGA, Chevron
Note: Installed Capacity of 2017 [2015], resource estimates combined (1999-2012) – IGA estimates a conservative
total potential of 70,000 MW and with technology improvements (extended use of low heat and EGS resources) at
around 140,000 MW in power generation capacity.
Current installed capacity
Projects & inferred resources
High temperature regions
Hydrothermal resource estimates
Installed Resources
North America
4,447
32,200
6,447
Installed Resources
Cent. America &
Caribbean
522
27,400
618
Installed Resources
Europe
1,642
3,400
1,271
Installed Resources
Africa
684
11,600
2,249
Installed Resources
South America
48
30,800
730
Installed Resources
Asia
3,997
70,900
5,836
Installed Resources
Aus., NZ &
Pacific
1,037
7,700
666
Installed Resources
Middle East
861
2,550
1,022

6. 1,371
8
944
665
980
926
676
858
1,868
3,567
1,699
2,797
987
145
585
285
481
1,037
967
1,651
1,272
3,848
0 1,000 2,000 3,000 4,000 5,000 6,000
Other
Ethiopia
Italy
Iceland
New Zealand
Mexico
Kenya
Turkey
Philippines
United States
Indonesia
Installed
Projects & permitted
Source: ThinkGeoEnergy Research (2017), GEA (2016), IGA (2015)
TOP 10 GEOTHERMAL COUNTRIES
INSTALLED CAPACITY & PROJECTS (August 2017)

7. GLOBAL DEVELOPMENT
AN OVERVIEW
Markets
• Southeast Asia
• Eastern Africa
• Latin America
• Caribbean
• Europe/ China (heating)
Market Drivers
• Feed-in-Tariffs
• Stable legal framework
• Scale of development

8. CLIMATE INVESTMENT POTENTIAL – AN IFC ANALYSIS
INVESTMENT POTENTIAL BY SECTOR ($ BILLION)
Source: IFC Analysis, “Climate Investment Potential in Emerging Markets” (2016)
Based on: IFC “Climate investment Opportunities in Emerging Markets” (2016)
Solar
939
Wind
588
Biomass
119
Geothermal
63
Small Hydro
56Investment Potential by Sector ($ billion)

9. CLIMATE INVESTMENT POTENTIAL – AN IFC ANALYSIS
INVESTMENT POTENTIAL BY SECTOR ($ BILLION)
939
588
119 63 560
100
200
300
400
500
600
700
800
900
1,000
Solar Wind Biomass Geothermal Small Hydro
$ bn
Source: IFC Analysis, “Climate Investment Potential in Emerging Markets” (2016)
Based on: IFC “Climate investment Opportunities in Emerging Markets” (2016)

10. CLIMATE INVESTMENT POTENTIAL – AN IFC ANALYSIS
INVESTMENT POTENTIAL GEOTHERMAL BY
REGION ($ BILLION)
27
16
14
6
0 0
0
5
10
15
20
25
30
Sub-Saharan
Africa
East Asia
Pacific
Latin America
& Caribbean
Eastern &
Central Asia
South Asia Middle East &
North Africa
Source: IFC Analysis, “Climate Investment Potential in Emerging Markets” (2016)
Based on: IFC “Climate investment Opportunities in Emerging Markets” (2016)

11. GEOTHERMAL ENERGY
DEVELOPMENT CHALLENGES
Technical
• Resource
• Drilling
• Resource risks
• Equipment

12. GEOTHERMAL ENERGY
DEVELOPMENT CHALLENGES
Business, Finance …
• Financial structures
• Risk mitigation (insurance)
• Development time
• Off-taker
• Structure of projects

13. TURKEY GEOTHERMAL DEVELOPMENT
INSTALLED POWER GENERATION CAPACITY 1984-2017
15 15 23 23 30
77 94 114 162
311 405
624
775 858
67 200
575
0
200
400
600
800
1,000
1,200
1,400
1,600
1,800
2,000
Source: JESDER (2017), Enerji Atlasi (2017), TGE Research (2017)

14. SPEEDING UP DEVELOPMENT
WELLHEAD GEOTHERMAL POWER PLANTS
• Single or multiple wells
• 1 year from contract to COD
• Standardized set-up and
modules mitigate project risk
• Modular approach provides
movability
• Each well operated at optimum
pressure
• Limited early stage capital cost
• Earlier return on investment
• Small footprint, low visibility and
environmental impact

15. Year 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10+
Geological Research
Drilling
Evaluation
Construction
Operation / Revenue
SPEEDING UP DEVELOPMENT
STAGED DEVELOPMENT APPROACH
WITH SMALLER MODULAR UNITS
Modular staged development – 10 units 5 MW each (50 WM in total)
Green Energy Geothermal - 2017

16. THINKGEOENERGY
LEADING IN NEWS AND RESEARCH ON
GEOTHERMAL ENERGY
Focus on power generation and direct use … also internationally in Spanish, in
Turkish and Indonesia?

17. CONTACT
THINKGEOENERGY
REYKJAVIK/ ICELAND
ALEXANDER RICHTER
+354 618 5304
ALEX@THINKGEOENERGY.COM
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