The document provides an overview of the Department of Electronics & Communication at an educational institution. It lists the main subjects covered including Digital Signal Processing (DSP), Microelectronics, Control Systems, Communication, and their related subtopics. It also provides brief descriptions and examples of the applications for several of the topics like DSP, Signal Processing, Image Processing, VLSI Design, Embedded Systems, Photonics, and industries related to different subject areas.

1. Department of Electronics &
Communication

2. ELECTRONICS & COMMUNICATION
DSP
1. DSP
Architectures
2. Signal
Processing
3. Image
Processing
MICROELECTRONICS
1. System &
Control Engg.
2. Embedded System
3. Photonics
4. Nano Electronics
5. Mechatronics
CONTROL SYSTEM
6. Biomedical
Instrumentation
1. VLSI Design
2. Control &
Instrumentation
3. Robotics
4. Intelligent
Instrumentation
5.PLC- SCADA
COMMUNICATION
1. Communication
System
2. Fibre Optics &
Light Wave Engg.
3. RF & Microwave
Engg.
a: Cellular b: Wi-Fi
c: Wi-Max d: RFID
e: Digital Microwave
System
4. Tele-Communication
Engg.
5. Satellite Comm.
Engg.

3. DSP (Digital Signal Processing)
 Digital signal processing algorithms typically require a large number of
mathematical operations to be performed quickly and repeatedly on a series
of data samples. Signals from audio or video sensors are constantly
converted from analog to digital, manipulated digitally, and then converted
back to analog form
A Typical DSP System

4.  Continued……
DSP Kit
Real Time DSP
Working Block

5. Signal Processing
 Signal processing is the enabling technology for the generation, transformation,
extraction, and interpretation of information. It comprises the theory,
algorithms with associated architectures and implementations, and applications
related to processing information contained in many different formats broadly
designated as signals. Signal processing uses mathematical, statistical,
computational, heuristic, and/or linguistic representations, formalisms,
modeling techniques and algorithms for generating, transforming,
transmitting, and learning from signals.
Real Time
Signal Processing

6. Signal Processing in Communication System

7. Image Processing
Image processing is any form of signal processing for which the input is an image,
such as a photograph or video frame; the output of image processing may be either
an image or a set of characteristics or parameters related to the image. Most image-
processing techniques involve treating the image as a two-dimensional signal and
applying standard signal-processing techniques to it.

8. Applications of Image Processing
Resolution of Image Enhances

9. VLSI (Very Large Scale Integration)
VLSI Design (Very-large-scale integration): Is the process of creating integrated
circuits by combining thousands of transistors into a single chip. VLSI began in
the 1970s when complex semiconductor and communication technologies were
being developed. The microprocessor is a VLSI device.
Typical VLSI Chip Structure Inside VLSI Chip

10. VLSI Design Flow

11. Embedded System
• An embedded system is a computer system designed for
specific control functions within a larger system, often
with real-time computing constraints.

12. Components of an Embedded System
 Processor or Controller
 Memory
 User Interface
 Displays
 Input/Output
 Other Electrical Components

14. Continued….

15. Photonics
 The science of photonics includes the generation, emission, transmission,
modulation, signal processing, switching, amplification, and detection/ sensing
of light.

16. Application of Photonics

17. Nano Electronics
 Nanoelectronics refer to the use of nanotechnology on electronic components,
especially transistors. Although the term nanotechnology is generally defined
as utilizing technology less than 100 nm in size, nanoelectronics often refer to
transistor devices that are so small that inter-atomic interactions and quantum
mechanical properties need to be studied extensively. As a result, present
transistors do not fall under this category, even though these devices are
manufactured with 45 nm,32 nm, or 22 nm technology.

18. How can nanotechnology improve the capabilities of
electronic components?
 Nanoelectronics holds some answers for how we might increase the
capabilities of electronics devices while we reduce their weight and power
consumption. Some of the nanoelectronics areas under development, which
you can explore in more detail by following the links provided in the next
section, include the following topics.
 Improving display screens on electronics devices. This involves reducing
power consumption while decreasing the weight and thickness of the
screens.
 Increasing the density of memory chips. Researchers are developing a type
of memory chip with a projected density of one terabyte of memory per
square inch or greater.
 Reducing the size of transistors used in integrated circuits. One researcher
believes it may be possible to "put the power of all of today's present
computers in the palm of your hand".

19. Mechatronics
 Mechatronics is the combination of Mechanical engineering, Electronic
engineering, Computer engineering, Software engineering, Control engineering,
and Systems Design engineering in order to design and manufacture useful
products.

20. Applications of Mechatronics

21. Biomedical Instrumentation
 Biomedical Engineering is the application of engineering principles and design
concepts to medicine and biology. This field seeks to close the gap between
engineering and medicine:

22. Applications of Biomedical Instrumentation

23. System & Control Engineering
 Control engineering or control systems engineering is
the engineering discipline that applies control theory to design
systems with desired behaviors.

24. Application of System & Control Engineering

25. Control & Instrumentation
 Control & Instrumentation is defined as the art and science of
measurement and control of process variables within a production
or manufacturing area.

26. Robotics
 Robotics is the branch of technology that deals with the design,
construction, operation and application of robots and computer
systems for their control, sensory feedback, and information
processing.

27. Types of Robot
1. Stationary
 Air conditioner
 Automatic Door
 Robotic Arms
2. Mobile
 Spy robot
 Bomb detector
 DTMF based Home security

28. Architecture of Robotic System
 Locomotion System
 Actuators
 Power Supply
 Sensory devices for feedback.
 Microcontroller (Brain of Robot)
M
(Brain)
Motor
Sensor
Alarm
LCD/LED Display

29. Application of Robotics
Manufacturing Industry Robots in Space

30. Advance Robot Components

31. Projects
on
Robotics
at
HIET Campus

35. Intelligent Instrumentation
The distribution of intelligence within a complex data acquisition
and control system can result in significant improvements to the
performance of that system

36. PLC- SCADA
 PLC-SCADA (Programmable Logic Controller- supervisory
control and data acquisition ): are computer controlled systems
that monitor and control industrial processes that exist in the
physical world.

37. Application of PLC-SCADA

38. Communication System
 In telecommunication, a communications system is a collection of
individual communications networks, transmission systems, relay stations,
tributary stations, and data terminal equipment (DTE) usually capable of
interconnection and interoperation to form an integrated whole

39. Typical System of Communication System

40. Fiber Optics & Light Wave Engineering
 Fiber-optic communication is a method of transmitting information from one
place to another by sending pulses of light through an optical fiber. The light
forms an electromagnetic carrier wave that is modulated to carry information.

41. Typical Fiber Optic Communication System

42. Application of Fiber Optics

43. Cellular Communication
 A cellular network or mobile network is a radio network distributed over land
areas called cells, each served by at least one fixed-location transceiver, known
as a cell site or base station. In a cellular network, each cell uses a different set
of frequencies from neighboring cells, to avoid interference and provide
guaranteed bandwidth within each cell.

44. Block Diagram of Cellular Communication

45. Wi-Fi
 Wi-Fi is a popular technology that allows an electronic device to exchange
data wirelessly (using radio waves) over a computer network,
including high-speed Internet connections.

46. RFID: Radio-frequency identification
• RFID: Radio-frequency identification (RFID) is the use of a
wireless non-contact system that uses radio-
frequency electromagnetic fields to transfer data from a tag
attached to an object, for the purposes of automatic
identification and tracking

47. Application of RFID

48. Tele-Communication Engineering
 Telecommunications engineering, or telecom engineering, is
an engineering discipline that integrates electrical engineering with
computer science to develop telecommunication systems.

49. Satellite Communication
Satellite Communication : is a process in which an
artificial satellite is sent to space for the purpose
of telecommunications.

50. Application of Satellite Communication

51. Industries of DSP Field
 Lucent Technologies
 Motorola
 Oxford Micro Devices
 Philips Semiconductors
 ST Microelectronics
 Texas Instruments
 Atmel
 Infineon Technologies
 Intel

52. Industries of Microelectronics
 Cadence
 Synoposis
 ST Microelectronics
 Analog Devices
 Wipro
 HCL Technologies
 Tata ELXI
 Intel
 Philips Semiconductors
 Xilinx
 CDAC
 Edison Semiconductors
 Emulex Corporations
 GDA Technologies
 Genesis Microchip
 Hindustan Semiconductors
 Advanced Microdevices
 Altera Semiconductors Pvt. Ltd.
 BEL
 Carbon Design System
 ARM Inc.
 Digital Core Design

53. Industries of Control
 Honeywell Process Solutions
 Rockwell Automation
 Siemens Energy & Automation
 National Instruments
 MKS Instruments
 Emerson Process Management
 Microwave Data System
 Pepperl + Fuchs
 Thermoelectron
 FMC
 Opto 22
 MTS
 Invensys
 BHEL
 NTPC
 ONGC
 GAIL
 Smart I Electronics Systems Pvt.
Ltd.
 GE Infrastructure
 Metso Automation

54.  NOKIA
 AT&T
 CISCO
 MOTOROLA
 Alcatel-Lucent
 Qualcomm
 Virgin Mobile
 ADC Telecommunication
 AIRTEL
 IDEA
 Reliance Communication
 TATA Teleservices
 Vodafone
 BSNL
 MTNL
 SPICE Communication
Industries of Communication
 ITI
 GTL Infrastructure
 Mobile Telecommunications Ltd.
 Birla Furukawa Fibre Optics Ltd.
 Techno Systems
 Synergy Telecom Ltd.
 Catvision Ltd.
 Eagle Photonics
 ISRO
 Amitec
 Astra Microwave Products Ltd.
 California Eastern Laboratories
 Leader Tech
 Epcos India Pvt. Ltd.
 Phoenix Contact India Pvt. Ltd.
 Continental Device India Ltd.