Cradle of Mankind

2. S A P I E N S M
L S
U I
C A P M
Y P R I N
E I N O
G N I M R A F I
A T
S O H T I L T U
E L
L I T H O S S O
V
M E T A L L U R G Y E

3. D U I S A P I E N S T M C Q K
F L K G H K L I T E S S N Q G
H U L G L H S G K A H I B W S
L C F J A J J J J P U M L E W
H Y S K P H H H I R J I U R N
G U E K E G J K K I D N E Y O
F E T K G H G N I M R A F H I
D W Y L K 1 R E W A W R U R T
S O H T I L D R I T Y O N G U
D J O S S F H K E W D G F L
K L I T H O S H J S H F F F O
S H K L E U O P E W W Q L H V
W M E T A L L U R G Y J F G E

6. 70-2 MILLION YEARS
AGO
AGE OF MAMMALS

8. -40 million years
ago it is believed
that two different
species of
primates
developed.

10. -Found in Siwalik Hills
of India and in Africa
-Lived about 14
million years ago
CHARACTERISTICS
-Had a jaw which did
not jut out
-Could pick up stones
and sticks to frighten
enemies.

12. -In 1975 Mrs. Mary
Leakey found what was
then believed the
oldest relic of man
beneath volcanic ash at
Laetolil , Tanzania, East
Africa.

13. -a whole skeleton of a
teenage girl was
discovered by Donald
Johanson in 1974 at Hadar
in the Afar Dessert .
-Australopithecus afarensis
CHARACTERISTICS:
3 ½ feet tall head as large
as a softball and walked
erect.

15. -Lived in eastern and
Southern Africa 5 million
years ago.
CHARACTERISTICS:
-his brain was as small as a
modern apes’s head but he
walked straight and used
simple tools such as bones
and sharp stones)

17. -Found in Olduvai Gorge
,Tanzania ,East Africa in
1959CHARACTERISTICS:
-1.75 billion,he was about
4 feet tall ,walked upright
,and had a samaller brain
than the “1470”
man.Knows how to make
crude stone weapons.

20. -his relics is consisted of a shattered skull
and some leg bones which were excavated
in 1972at Lake Turkana Kenya,East africa by
Richard Leakey.
CHARACTERISTICS:
-he is 2 million years old,was about five feet
tall and had a brain double size of
Chimpanzee’s brain .He made the first true
tools by striking and sharpening stones.

22. HOMO ERECTUS (UPRIGHT MAN) BETWEEN ABOUT 1.89
MILLION AND 143,000 YEARS AGO
•
-Walked straight
- made stone weapons
- used fire
- hunted large animals
- Northern, Eastern, and
Southern Africa; Western
Asia (Dmanisi, Republic of
Georgia); East Asia (China
and Indonesia)
- Thickest skull, no chin,
protruding jaw, low and
heavy braincase, thick
brow ridges

23. Silhouette of Homo erectus pelvis. Image
courtesy of Karen Carr Studios
The pelvis and thigh
bones of Homo erectus
are similar to modern
humans, and show that
this early human was
able to walk long
distances.

25. Homo erectus (left) and Homo sapiens (right)

26. Homo erectus from
Southeast Asia
Homo sapiens
(modern human)

27. • IMAGE CREDIT: MATT FINARELLI, HUMAN ORIGINS PROGRAM
Nickname: Java Man
Site: Trinil, Java, Indonesia
Date of discovery: 1891
Discovered by: Eugene
Dubois (1858-1940)
Age: Between 1 million and
700,000 years old
Species: homo erectus

28. Zhoukoudian, situated 50 kilometers to the
southwest of Beijing proper

29. PEKING MAN
Davidson Black
(1884-1934)
"Peking Man" skull
Peking man teeth from 1949 to 1951

30. HEIGHT: 1.6 m (5 ft 3 in) tall
weighT: 48 kg (106 lb)
Nickname:
Turkana Boy
Site:
Nariokotome, West Turkana,
Kenya
Date of discovery:
1984
Discovered by:
Kamoya Kimeu
Age:
About 1.6 million years ago
Species:
Homo erectus

31. An average adult
male Neanderthal
stood only about (5
ft 4 in) tall.
generally shorter
 more muscular
bodies than modern
humans
 nose was broad
and large
Brain size-
averaged 1500
cubic centimetres

32. Nickname: Cro-
Magnon Man
Site: Cro-Magnon,
France
Date of
discovery: 1868
Discovered
by: Louis Laret
Age: About
30,000 years old
Species: homo
sapiens

33. skilled hunters, toolmakers and artists
 tall like modern humans
 Average brain size:about 1,350 milliliters
(same as today)
Cave painting of a horse at Lascaux
Cave paintings of mammoth made by Cro
Magnons.

35. “LITHOS”

36. •From “palaios lithos”
•It was the period when the Java Man ,Peking
Man , Neanderthal and Cro-Magnon Man
existed
They learned how to
-make tools and weapons out of rough
stones such as axes ,arrowheads ,hammers
,hatches , chisels ,javelins ,and harpoon.
PALEOLITHIC AGE (3,750,000-
8,000B.C.)

37. They began to
- use personal ornaments ,to paint pictures
and carve figures on clay , bone , and ivory.
They lived by
-hunting ,fishing, and gathering wild fruits
,nuts ,and edible roots.
They lived in caves but later build crude huts.
Greatest Achievement
The discovery of fire

40. Palaeolithic flint hand
axe. Large Ovate.
153mm x 98
mm.Found at
Warsash, Hampshire.
Age possibly more
than 100,000 years.
Palaeolithic flint hand axe. A large
pointed ficron. 194mm x 116mm
Found at Warsash, Hampshire. Age
possibly more than 100,000 years.

41. Mesolithic
 period in human development between the end of
the Paleolithic period and the beginning of the Neolithic
period
 known as "Middle Stone Age“
 beginnings of both settled communities and farming
 the invention of the bow and arrow
 Domestication of animals began with domestication of dogs
 Rock art paintings and carvings increasingly depict human
communal activities as well as animals
 They invented many new tools, including the Tranchet
adze, a carpentry tool designed to make fishing platforms,
boats, and perhaps houses.

42. A Mesolithic tranchet adze from
Hampshire. This carpentry tool is designed
to be re-sharpened by taking an additional
crossswise (tranchet) flake across the
working tip of the tool.Found in
Hampshire. Age around 8,000 years.
151mm x 48mm, 406 gms.
Another finely struck blade From
Sussex. About 8,000 years old.
76mm x30mm, 30 gms. Again, no
discernible curvature over its full
length.

43. This beautiful little blade measures only
33mm x 15mm and weighs only 1.3gms.
Probably made for microlith production.
From Sussex. About 8,000 years old.
This blade is only 28mm x 14mm
and weighs 2.2 gms. Again,
probably intended as a microlith
blank (see below).From Sussex.
About 8,000 years old.

46. NEOLITHIC
 People abandoned semi-nomadic
life and began farming
 Agricultural revolution was a
progression of the “Great Leap
Forward”
 planting of crops
 domesticating of animals
 Better tools & weapons

47. Neolithic flint arrow head from the
South Downs. 46mm x 19mm
x4.5mm, 3.8gms
Around 5,000 years old.
Neolithic flake notched at both
edges.48mm x 35mm x 16mm,
32gms
Around 5,000 years old.

48. Long Neolithic flake retouched as knife or
side scraper.73mm x 44mm x19mm,
48gms.
Around 5,000 years old.
Thick Neolithic blade, possibly used as
side scraper and end scraper.69mm x
34mm x21mm, 52gms.
Around 5,000 years old.

49. STONEHENGE

*Stonehenge is
located on Salisbury
Plain in England
Created 2800-1500
BCE
*Stonehenge is an
example of a
Neolithic megalith
(megalith = Greek
for “big stones”)
*Exact purpose is
unknown: religious
rituals, agricultural
markers or
astronomical
observatories?

50. PALEOLITHIC NEOLITHIC

57. BRONZE AGE
 3,300-1,200 B.C.
 characterized by the introduction of metal and metal
implements into human society
 surge in metallurgy(the science of metals: their extraction
from ores, purification and alloying, heat treatment, and
working)
 During the Bronze Age, cultures such as the Sumerian,
Babylonian, and Egyptian produced hallmark artistic and
architectural achievements.
 According to archaeological evidence, cultures in Egypt
(hieroglyphs), the Near East (cuneiform), and the
Mediterranean, with the Mycenaean culture (Linear B), had
viable writing systems.

59. IRON AGE
 marked by the use of iron implements, tools, and
weapons
 Other than iron, steel was also used during the
period.
 The period where people use iron as the main
material for the cutting tools and weapons as their
civilization and their culture.
 areas that skipped the Bronze Age and directly
evolved to the Iron Age from the Stone Age(South
Pacific, the interior of Africa and some areas of
North and South America.)

60. FARMING

61. WEAPONS

65. This drawing uses Lamarckian evolution theory to
predict the result of future human evolution.
Lamarck's discredited theory proposed that living
things evolved out of necessity. So, this future human
exhibits features accordingly. This drawing is utterly
inconsistent with present-day, Darwinian evolution
theory. Instead of making predictions based on strident
presumptive logic, modern evolution theory recognizes
the power of unpredictable environmental
circumstances that have the potential to produce
unexpected results.
Interpretation: There is no reason to suspect future
humans will be much different from us.

66. /
http://anthro.palomar.edu/homo2/mod_homo_4.htm
http://humanorigins.si.edu/human-characteristics/walking
http://humanorigins.si.edu/human-characteristics/brains
http://anthro.palomar.edu/homo/homo_2.htm
http://humanorigins.si.edu/evidence/human-fossils/fossils/cro-
magnon-1
http://humanorigins.si.edu/evidence/human-fossils/species/hom
neanderthalensis
http://humanorigins.si.edu/human-characteristics/bodies

67. http://www.stoneagetools.co.uk/mesolithi
c-tools.htm
http://www.stoneagetools.co.uk/neolithic-
gallery.htm
http://www.stoneagetools.co.uk/palaeolit
hic-tools.htm
https://www.boundless.com/art-
history/prehistoric-art/advancements-in-
metallurgy-and-stonework/the-bronze-age
http://www.essential-
humanities.net/history-overview/stone-
bronze-iron-ages/

68. Photo Credits to