The document discusses the use of modal verbs to express permission, obligation, prohibition, and no obligation. It provides examples of modals used in each context: 1. Permission is expressed using can, could, and may. Can is more casual while may is more formal. 2. Obligation is expressed using have to/has to and must. Have to/has to refers to external obligations while must refers to internal or self-imposed obligations. 3. Prohibition is expressed using can't and must not/mustn't. Can't refers to rules not set by the speaker, while must not/mustn't refers to rules set by the speaker. 4. No obligation is expressed

7. Open House
School Name
Date

8. are

9. are auxiliary or helping
verbs.
may be used in expressing
the author’s or speaker’s
intention like 1.
permission, 2. obligation,
3. prohibition or 4. no
obligation.

10. No obligation
expresses the absence of
commitment or duty as
one may do it or not.
Don't (doesn't) have to is
used to express no
obligation.
Obligation
expresses
commitment or duty.
Modals used in
expressing obligation
include have to (has
to) and must,
Prohibition
the act of disallowing or
prohibiting someone in
performing or doing
something. Modals
showing prohibition
include can't and must
not/ mustn't.
Permission
an act of giving consent or
authorization. In stating
permission, modals to be used
include can, could and may.
1 2
3
4

11. 1
C
 an act of giving consent
or authorization.
 In stating permission,
modals to be used
include:
a. can
b. could
c. may

12. 1
a. can -is used to ask for and
give permission.
Can you give me your
number?
Can you help me with
this?
I can do it if you want
me to.
b. c
c. m

13. 1
is also used as a more polite and more
formal modal in asking permission (which
may not be given).
c. m
a. c
b. could
I could possibly ask my mom
to cook it for us.
Could I interview the mayor?
Could you lend me your book?

14. 1
is the permission most polite and formal
modal used in asking and giving
c. may
a. c
Medical practitioners affected by
COVID-19 may now claim their
financial support from the
government.
Teachers may now distribute the
modules to the learners.
May I borrow your book, please?
b. c

15. No obligation
expresses the absence of
commitment or duty as
one may do it or not.
Don't (doesn't) have to is
used to express no
obligation.
Obligation
expresses
commitment or duty.
Modals used in
expressing obligation
include have to (has
to) and must,
Prohibition
the act of disallowing or
prohibiting someone in
performing or doing
something. Modals
showing prohibition
include can't and must
not/ mustn't.
Permission
an act of giving consent or
authorization. In stating
permission, modals to be used
include can, could and may.
1 2
3
4

16. Prohibition
the act of disallowing or
prohibiting someone in
performing or doing
something. Modals
showing prohibition
include can't and must
not/ mustn't.
2
 the act of disallowing or
prohibiting someone in
performing or doing
something. Modals
showing prohibition
include:
a. can’t
b. must not

17. Prohibition
the act of disallowing or
prohibiting someone in
performing or doing
something. Modals
showing prohibition
include can't and must
not/ mustn't.
2
 is used in dealing with something
against rules, laws and signs.
 is used when the speaker is not the
one who sets the rules.
a. can’t
b.
You can't go out during the community
quarantine. (Quarantine Policy)
The company can't apply for motion for
reconsideration. (Legal Proceeding)
You can't buy any alcoholic beverages due
to liquor ban. (Liquor Ban Policy)

18. Prohibition
the act of disallowing or
prohibiting someone in
performing or doing
something. Modals
showing prohibition
include can't and must
not/ mustn't.
2
 is used in dealing with something
that is not permitted. In this
context, it is the speaker who sets
the rules.
b. must not/mustn’t
a.
You must not turn off your camera during
online class. (Teacher-students)
Mustn't you eat the fruits inside the fridge?
(Mother to child)
Salome must not tell my secrets to her
friends. (Boss to a colleague)

19. No obligation
expresses the absence of
commitment or duty as
one may do it or not.
Don't (doesn't) have to is
used to express no
obligation.
Obligation
expresses
commitment or duty.
Modals used in
expressing obligation
include have to (has
to) and must,
Prohibition
the act of disallowing or
prohibiting someone in
performing or doing
something. Modals
showing prohibition
include can't and must
not/ mustn't.
Permission
an act of giving consent or
authorization. In stating
permission, modals to be used
include can, could and may.
1 2
3
4

20. Obligation
expresses
commitment or duty.
Modals used in
expressing obligation
include have to (has
to) and must,
3
 expresses commitment or
duty. Modals used in
expressing obligation
include:
a. have to
or has to
b. must

21. Obligation
expresses
commitment or duty.
Modals used in
expressing obligation
include have to (has
to) and must,
3
 is used when obligation comes not from
the speaker. The obligation is set by an
authority, rule or law.
a. have to or has to
I have to be in the airport before the flight
departure.
She has to submit her report on time.
The company has to pay retrenchment
benefits to its employees.
b.

22. Obligation
expresses
commitment or duty.
Modals used in
expressing obligation
include have to (has
to) and must,
3
 is used when expressing obligation
comes from the speaker or from an
authority.
a.
b. must
I must call my husband now.
We must finish the report on time.
I must stay away from them.

23. No obligation
expresses the absence of
commitment or duty as
one may do it or not.
Don't (doesn't) have to is
used to express no
obligation.
Obligation
expresses
commitment or duty.
Modals used in
expressing obligation
include have to (has
to) and must,
Prohibition
the act of disallowing or
prohibiting someone in
performing or doing
something. Modals
showing prohibition
include can't and must
not/ mustn't.
Permission
an act of giving consent or
authorization. In stating
permission, modals to be used
include can, could and may.
1 2
3
4

24. No obligation
expresses the absence of
commitment or duty as
one may do it or not.
Don't (doesn't) have to is
used to express no
obligation.
4
 expresses the absence
of commitment or duty
as one may do it or
not. a. don’t have to/
doesn’t have to

25. expresses the absence of
commitment or duty as
one may do it or not.
Don't (doesn't) have to is
used to express no
obligation.
4
a. don’t have to/doesn’t have to
She doesn't have to attend the funeral if she is not
feeling well.
You don't have to come to my office in person. You
may submit it online.
The employees don’t have to come this morning as
the activity will start in the afternoon.

26. No obligation
expresses the absence of
commitment or duty as
one may do it or not.
Don't (doesn't) have to is
used to express no
obligation.
Obligation
expresses
commitment or duty.
Modals used in
expressing obligation
include have to (has
to) and must,
Prohibition
the act of disallowing or
prohibiting someone in
performing or doing
something. Modals
showing prohibition
include can't and must
not/ mustn't.
Permission
an act of giving consent or
authorization. In stating
permission, modals to be used
include can, could and may.
1 2
3
4

28. 1. There's a lot of distractions coming
from passing vehicles. _____________
Anthony close the door?
A. Must
B. Could
C. Would
D. can

29. 2. Jossiah _____________ start investing
now if she wants to retire soon.
A. can
B. may
C. would
D. has to

30. 3. Rey _____ come to the session but his
presence would lighten the mood if he's
there.
A. couldn’t
B. can’t
C. mustn’t
D. doesn’t have to

31. 4. Pirena can't get a connection on her
gadget. ____________she borrow yours?
A. have to
B. may
C. can
D. would

32. 5. It's a controlled room. Unauthorized
persons ________ come inside.
A. don’t have to
B. can’t
C. wouldn’t
D. couldn’t

33. 7. The invitation says that you _________
only bring three guests with you to the
party.
A. have to
B. can
C. may
D. could

34. 8. Jisela __________ stay overtime in the
office today rather than going and working
in the office this weekend.
A. must
B. has to
C. could
D. would

35. 9. Canela believes that she __________
finish these tasks before the deadline.
A. may
B. would
C. could
D. has to

36. 10. Considering the event's formality,
the winners________ wear their
Kasuotang Pilipino for the awarding.
A. could
B. must
C. can
D. would

37. Exercise 1
With the signages shown,
construct a sentence using
modal.

43. Exercise 2
Ask someone for
permission/request. Use
can/could/may in your
sentences.

44. Exercise 2
1.You need to go to the toilet.
2.You need some more coffee.
3.You want to make a question.
4.You need some help with the
homework.
5.You want to go to town, ask
for a lift.

45. Exercise 3
Construct sentences with
modals expressing obligation
or no obligation using the
clause in the parentheses.

46. Exercise 3
It’s late. (go home now)
•You must go home now.

47. 3. These sports shoes are too expensive. (buy
them)
4. You didn’t practice for the event. (take part in
the competition)
5. Tim doesn’t like his job. (get another job)
5. Sally is not well. (go to school today)
6. before we leave, (forget to lock all the doors)
7. The museum is free. (pay to get in.)
8. We are young. (obey our parents)

48. Quiz
Choose the correct
auxiliary/modal verb in each
sentence.

49. 1. My boss told me that I (have to, must) work
overtime this week.
2. I (must, have to) get my hair cut before the dance.
3. She (has to, must) pay monthly rent to live in her
apartment.
4. Ted’s dad said that he (must, has to) clean his
room before he can play.
5. I (have to, must) buy those pretty red shoes.

50. 1. You (should, shouldn’t, have to) eat too many
calories, or you’ll get fat.
2. She (don’t have to, doesn’t have to, must) tidy up
now. I’ll do it later.
3. My brother (have to, has to, doesn’t have to) wear
a tie at his work. He is a lawyer.
4. You (mustn’t, must) smoke in this office. It is the
rule.
5. We have a lot of work tomorrow. You (mustn’t,
don’t have to) be late.

51. Quiz
Complete the sentences with
may, can, can’t, could or
couldn’t.

52. 1. When he was young, my grandfather ____________ run 12
kilometers.
2. John can’t run very fast but he ____________ jump high.
3. _______________ you finish your homework last week?
4. The dog hurt its leg and ________ it walk.
5. ________________ Tony find his way to the party tonight?
6. _____________I open the window?
7. _________________ you turn the heating up a bit, please?

53. Quiz
Rewrite sentences using a
modal expressing no
obligation /prohibition.

54. 1. It's not necessary to go to school on Saturdays
You don’t have to go to school on Saturdays.
2. It's not obligatory for customers to go on the trips organized by
the hotel
Customers ______________________________________________.
3. Passengers aren't allowed to smoke in this compartment
Passengers _____________________________________________.
4. It's not necessary to book in advance
You ____________________________________________________.
5. It's not necessary for you to shout. I can hear you perfectly well
You _____________________________________________________.

56. 1. Modals are auxiliary or helping verbs
used to express intensions. Nina wants
to express permissions. She may use:
A.can, could, and may
B. should, may, could
C.don’t have to, can’t, must
D.may, must, has to

57. 2. If you want to keep your teeth healthy, I
recommend that you _______ visit your
dentist at least twice a year. What modal
verb would be right to use to complete its
idea?
A. COULD. Because it shows someone’s obligation to keep
his teeth healthy.
B. HAVE TO. Because it shows one’s obligation to keep his
teeth healthy.
C. SHOULD. Because it shows permission to visit one’s
dentist to keep his teeth healthy.
D. SHOULD. Because of the word recommend it shows that

58. 3. Department of Education ___________ give
equal opportunities for all students. What
modal is appropriate to use?
A.Must, for it tells duty that comes from the
speaker with singular subject of the sentence.
B.Has to, for it tells obligation set by an
authority and is used when the subject is
singular.
C.Must, for it tells duty but does not come from
the speaker with singular subject of the
sentence.
D.Have to, for it tells obligation or duty set by an

59. 2. If you want to keep your teeth
healthy, I recommend that you
_______ visit your dentist at least
twice a year. What modal verb
would be right to use to
complete its idea?

60. A. COULD. Because it shows someone’s
obligation to keep his teeth healthy.
B. HAVE TO. Because it shows one’s
obligation to keep his teeth healthy.
C. SHOULD. Because it shows permission to
visit one’s dentist to keep his teeth healthy.
D. SHOULD. Because of the word recommend
it shows that someone is giving advice to
another in order to keep his teeth healthy.

61. 3. Department of
Education ___________ give
equal opportunities for all
students. What modal is
appropriate to use?

62. A.Must, for it tells duty that comes from
the speaker with singular subject of the
sentence.
B.Has to, for it tells obligation set by an
authority and is used when the subject
is singular.
C.Must, for it tells duty but does not
come from the speaker with singular
subject of the sentence.

63. 1. Modals are auxiliary or helping verbs
used to express intensions. Nina wants
to express permissions. She may use:
A.can, could, and may
B. should, may, could
C.don’t have to, can’t, must
D.may, must, has to

64. 6. Caloy ___________ be at the airport at
least two hours before his flight.
A. have to
B. can
C. may
D. would