Vedic mathematics is a system of mental calculation techniques discovered in ancient Hindu texts between 1911-1918 by Sri Bharti Krishna Tirath. It is based on 16 sutras or word formulas that allow complex mathematical problems to be solved very quickly in the mind. Some examples of the sutras include vertically-crosswise multiplication and the use of complementary numbers. Vedic math was developed as a more efficient system than modern mathematics and helps improve concentration and problem solving abilities.