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![Sodium fluoride (NaF)
Sodium fluoride (NaF) is an inorganic
compound with the formula NaF. It is a
colorless or white solid that is readily
soluble in water. It is used in trace
amounts in the fluoridation of drinking
water to prevent tooth decay, and in
toothpastes and topical pharmaceuticals
for the same purpose. In 2020, it was the
265th most commonly prescribed
medication in the United States, with
more than 1 million prescriptions.[7][8]
It is also used in metallurgy and in
medical imaging.](https://image.slidesharecdn.com/powerpoint-250810055246-53597301/75/power-point-pptx-ABOUT-DISTANCE-AND-TIME-34-2048.jpg)
power point.pptx ABOUT DISTANCE AND TIME
- 1.
- 7. C H SE F M I C F S A L
- 8. LEARNING OBJECTIVES a. describeand distuinguish the types of chemical bonding b. cite an example of ionic bonding/compounds c. state the difference between ionic bonding and covalent bonding
- 9. C H EM C I A L
- 12.
- 13. Chemical bonding Is oneof the most basic fundamentals of chemistry that explain other concepts such as molecules and reactions. Chemical Bonding
- 14. Without chemical bonding,scientist would not be able to explain why atoms are attracted to each other or how products are formed after chemical reaction has taken place. Chemical bonding
- 15. In Chemical Bonding,only valence electron are involved Chemical bonding
- 16. Generally, chemical bondis defined as a region that forms when electron from different atoms interact with each other .When atoms approach each other, these outer electrons interact . Chemical bonding
- 17. Electrons repel eachother, yet they are attracted to the protons within atom . The interplay of forces results in some atoms forming bonds with each other and sticking together. Chemical Bonding
- 18. A chemical bondis formed by an atom to get more stability Stability of an atom can be achieved by getting a specific amount of electrons on their outermost shell Chemical bonding
- 19. Why do atoms formbonds? The most stable arrangement of electrons in an atom is to have either a filled valence shell or to have 8 valence electrons (octet rule). Atoms obtain this stable electron arrangement by sharing, gaining or losing electrons – which is what creates chemical bonds.
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- 21.
- 26. IONIC BONDING –is the process in which electrons are “transferred” to another atom because the two atoms have different levels of electron affinity. It occurs between a non metal and metal In other words, some atoms tend to “lose” their electron to be more stable. While other atoms, tend to “gain “electrons from atoms to achieve stability.
- 27. In the picturebelow , a sodium (Na) atom and a chlorine (Cl) are being combined through ionic bonding resulting to the formation of sodium chloride (NaCl) or table salt Na + Cl N+ Cl Sodium contributes electron, leaving it with a closed shell Chlorine gains electron, leaving it with a closed shell
- 28. Mg + OMg + O
- 29. IONIC COMPOUND ionic compoundare basically defined as compounds where two or more ions are held next to each other by electrical structure
- 30. 1. IONIC COMPOUNDS FORMCRYSTALS 2.IONIC COMPOUNDS HAVE A MELTING POINT AND HIGH MELTING POINT 3. IONIC COMPOUNDS ARE HARD AND BRITTLE 4. IONIC COMPOUNDS CONDUCT ELECTRICITY WHEN THEY ARE DISSOLVED IN WATER 5. IONIC SOLIDS ARE GOOD INSULATORS
- 31. Potassium bromide it iscommonly used as a restrainer in developers, especially those containing hydroquinone, pyrocatechin, or pyrogallol, and helps to prevent fog during development. When used in paper developers, it also reduces contrast and provides a warming effect
- 32. Example of ionic bondsand ionic compounds Sodium bromide Nabr Is the most useful inorganic bromide is used in conjunction as a disinfectant for swimming pools . It also used to prepare dense fluids used in oil wells
- 33. Sodium chloride NaCl Sodium chloridecommonly known as table salt, is an ionic compound with the chemical formula NaCl, representing a 1:1 ratio of sodium and chloride ions. Sodium chloride is the salt most responsible for the salinity of seawater and of the extracellular fluid of many multicellular organisms. In its edible form, salt (also known as table salt) is commonly used as a condiment and food preservative. Large quantities of sodium chloride are used in many industrial processes, and it is a major source of sodium
- 34. Sodium fluoride (NaF) Sodiumfluoride (NaF) is an inorganic compound with the formula NaF. It is a colorless or white solid that is readily soluble in water. It is used in trace amounts in the fluoridation of drinking water to prevent tooth decay, and in toothpastes and topical pharmaceuticals for the same purpose. In 2020, it was the 265th most commonly prescribed medication in the United States, with more than 1 million prescriptions.[7][8] It is also used in metallurgy and in medical imaging.
- 40. Covalend bonding isthe process of “sharing “ of electrons between two atoms Covalent Bonding The bonds are typically between a nonmetal and a nonmetal Atoms will covalently bond with other atoms inorder to gain more stability, which is gained by forming a full electron shell. By sharing their outermost (valence) electrons, atoms can fill up their outer electron shell and attain stability
- 41. The picture belowshows the sharing of electrons in H. (note that hydrogen is following duet rule instead of octet rule H + H H H
- 42. COVALENT COMPOUND A COVALENTCOMPOUND IS A COMPOUND IN WHICH THE ATOMS ARE BONDED BY SHARING ELECTRONS RATHER THAN TRANSFERRING IT FROM ONE TO ANOTHER.
- 43. PROPERTIES OF COVALENTCOMPOUNDS 1. MOST COVALENT COMPOUNDS HAVE RELATIVELY LOW MELTING POINTS AND BOILING POINTS 2. COVALENT COMPOUNDS TEND TO BE SOFT AND RELATIVELY FLEXIBLE 3.COVALENT COMPOUNDS TEND TO BE MORE FLAMMABLE THAN IONIC COMPOUNDS 4. WHEN DISSOLVED IN WATER, COVALENT COMPOUNDS DO NOT CONDUCT ELECTRICITY 5. MANY COVALENR COMPOUNDS DO NOT DISSOLVE WELL IN WATER
- 44. EXAMPLES OF COVALENTSBONDS AND COVALENT COMPOUNDS H2 - HYDROGEN H20 - WATER HCl – HYDROGEN CLORIDE CH4 – METHANE NH4 - AMMONIA CO2 – CARBON DIOXIDE
- 45.
- 46. SHOW THE IONICBOND FORMATION IN THE REACTION BETWEEN THE GIVEN SET OF ELEMENTS 1. K and Br 2. Li and O
- 47. 3. Na andN 4. Mg and Se 5. K and Cl
- 48. Read and understandthe different types of covalent bonding ASSIGNMENT