The document discusses the history and impact of the Grameen Bank and its founder, Muhammad Yunus. It describes how Yunus pioneered microcredit and microfinance by providing small, collateral-free loans to poor entrepreneurs in Bangladesh through the Grameen Bank. The bank reversed conventional banking practices and has grown significantly, with over 8 million borrowers as of 2011, 97% of whom are women. Studies show over half of borrowers have risen out of poverty due to the loans. The bank has a high repayment rate of over 98% and is owned primarily by its borrowers.
Grameen Bank Project was born in the village of Jobra, Bangladesh, in 1976. In 1983 it was transformed into a formal bank under a special law passed for its creation. It is owned by the poor borrowers of the bank who are mostly women. It works exclusively for them. Borrowers of Grameen Bank at present own 94 per cent of the total equity of the bank. Remaining 6 percent is owned by the government.
Grameen Bank Project was born in the village of Jobra, Bangladesh, in 1976. In 1983 it was transformed into a formal bank under a special law passed for its creation. It is owned by the poor borrowers of the bank who are mostly women. It works exclusively for them. Borrowers of Grameen Bank at present own 94 per cent of the total equity of the bank. Remaining 6 percent is owned by the government.
Grameen Bank | Marketing of Financial ServicesKashyap Shah
This presentation talks about marketing strategies implemented by Grameen Bank to promote financial services in Rural Areas. It also includes the SWOT analysis of such services from Indian perspective.
The story behind the first concerted effort to make financing accessible to the world’s poorest is the stuff of folklore. Befitting the goal of poverty alleviation, the setting for this early experiment was a time of great tragedy in Bangladesh, one of the poorest countries in the world. A small country in the Indian subcontinent with a population of 130 million, a gross national product (GNP) per capita of about $300 and a literacy rate of only 38 percent for those over 15 years of age, 1 Bangladesh experienced drought and famine in 1974 that killed 1.5 million people (Macfarlane 2002). Having recently completed studies as a Fulbright scholar in the United States, Professor Mohammad Yunus was lecturing on economic theory at Chittagong University and growing increasingly frustrated at his inability to ease his neighbours’ suffering.
Entrepreneurial power and Socio-Economic policies shown by Mr. Yunus. His step to change the cycle of poverty is extremely successful. A micro-created system changed the way lending for poor.
24 ultimate online advertising tips for global silk industriesSocial Bubble
Download "24 ultimate online advertising tips for global silk industries" Free eBook by Social Bubble. And Bubble Up your Silk Industry. For Silk Industries Global Online Services Contact Social Bubble Today.
Grameen Bank | Marketing of Financial ServicesKashyap Shah
This presentation talks about marketing strategies implemented by Grameen Bank to promote financial services in Rural Areas. It also includes the SWOT analysis of such services from Indian perspective.
The story behind the first concerted effort to make financing accessible to the world’s poorest is the stuff of folklore. Befitting the goal of poverty alleviation, the setting for this early experiment was a time of great tragedy in Bangladesh, one of the poorest countries in the world. A small country in the Indian subcontinent with a population of 130 million, a gross national product (GNP) per capita of about $300 and a literacy rate of only 38 percent for those over 15 years of age, 1 Bangladesh experienced drought and famine in 1974 that killed 1.5 million people (Macfarlane 2002). Having recently completed studies as a Fulbright scholar in the United States, Professor Mohammad Yunus was lecturing on economic theory at Chittagong University and growing increasingly frustrated at his inability to ease his neighbours’ suffering.
Entrepreneurial power and Socio-Economic policies shown by Mr. Yunus. His step to change the cycle of poverty is extremely successful. A micro-created system changed the way lending for poor.
24 ultimate online advertising tips for global silk industriesSocial Bubble
Download "24 ultimate online advertising tips for global silk industries" Free eBook by Social Bubble. And Bubble Up your Silk Industry. For Silk Industries Global Online Services Contact Social Bubble Today.
25 mind blowing social media marketing tips for global silk industriesSocial Bubble
Download "25 mind blowing social media marketing tips for global silk industries" Free eBook by Social Bubble. And Bubble Up your Silk Industry. For Silk Industries Global Online Services Contact Social Bubble Today.
Etude PwC Enseignements de l’exercice de Collecte du 6/09 (jan. 2014)PwC France
http://pwc.to/1gDRsGb
D'ici la mise en application effective de Solvabilité 2 au 1er janvier 2016, les acteurs de l’assurance doivent mettre en œuvre un véritable programme de transformation qui impacte leur stratégie, leurs organisations, les processus internes, mais aussi les données et systèmes d’information.
Si les données sont au cœur même de l’activité des assureurs, le chemin est encore long pour s’assurer de leur qualité, leur provenance et leur traçabilité.
Microfinance Forum 2008 (2.Applicability Of Mf To The World)Living in Peace
2008年11月28日に世界銀行東京ラーニングセンターで行われたマイクロファイナンス・フォーラムの資料です。
2.Applicability Of Mf To The World
世界におけるマイクロファイナンスの適用可能性-グラミンモデルの複製事業からの学びについて
Abul Kalam氏 (グラミン銀行 シニアプリンシパルオフィサー)
※Living in Peace(リビング・イン・ピース)について
本フォーラムの主催団体であるLiving in
Peaceは、経済開発に関心のある金融機関関係者を中心に2008年10月に設立されました。その他にも公務員、国際機関関係者、学生などがメンバーになっており、2009年4月にNPO法人格を取得いたしました。また現在、ミュージックセキュリティーズと提携してマイクロファイナンス・ファンドの組成準備中です。(HP:http://www.living-in-peace.org/
旧Blog;http://d.hatena.ne.jp/microfinance/)
how to sell pi coins effectively (from 50 - 100k pi)DOT TECH
Anywhere in the world, including Africa, America, and Europe, you can sell Pi Network Coins online and receive cash through online payment options.
Pi has not yet been launched on any exchange because we are currently using the confined Mainnet. The planned launch date for Pi is June 28, 2026.
Reselling to investors who want to hold until the mainnet launch in 2026 is currently the sole way to sell.
Consequently, right now. All you need to do is select the right pi network provider.
Who is a pi merchant?
An individual who buys coins from miners on the pi network and resells them to investors hoping to hang onto them until the mainnet is launched is known as a pi merchant.
debuts.
I'll provide you the Telegram username
@Pi_vendor_247
If you are looking for a pi coin investor. Then look no further because I have the right one he is a pi vendor (he buy and resell to whales in China). I met him on a crypto conference and ever since I and my friends have sold more than 10k pi coins to him And he bought all and still want more. I will drop his telegram handle below just send him a message.
@Pi_vendor_247
how to sell pi coins at high rate quickly.DOT TECH
Where can I sell my pi coins at a high rate.
Pi is not launched yet on any exchange. But one can easily sell his or her pi coins to investors who want to hold pi till mainnet launch.
This means crypto whales want to hold pi. And you can get a good rate for selling pi to them. I will leave the telegram contact of my personal pi vendor below.
A vendor is someone who buys from a miner and resell it to a holder or crypto whale.
Here is the telegram contact of my vendor:
@Pi_vendor_247
Lecture slide titled Fraud Risk Mitigation, Webinar Lecture Delivered at the Society for West African Internal Audit Practitioners (SWAIAP) on Wednesday, November 8, 2023.
what is the future of Pi Network currency.DOT TECH
The future of the Pi cryptocurrency is uncertain, and its success will depend on several factors. Pi is a relatively new cryptocurrency that aims to be user-friendly and accessible to a wide audience. Here are a few key considerations for its future:
Message: @Pi_vendor_247 on telegram if u want to sell PI COINS.
1. Mainnet Launch: As of my last knowledge update in January 2022, Pi was still in the testnet phase. Its success will depend on a successful transition to a mainnet, where actual transactions can take place.
2. User Adoption: Pi's success will be closely tied to user adoption. The more users who join the network and actively participate, the stronger the ecosystem can become.
3. Utility and Use Cases: For a cryptocurrency to thrive, it must offer utility and practical use cases. The Pi team has talked about various applications, including peer-to-peer transactions, smart contracts, and more. The development and implementation of these features will be essential.
4. Regulatory Environment: The regulatory environment for cryptocurrencies is evolving globally. How Pi navigates and complies with regulations in various jurisdictions will significantly impact its future.
5. Technology Development: The Pi network must continue to develop and improve its technology, security, and scalability to compete with established cryptocurrencies.
6. Community Engagement: The Pi community plays a critical role in its future. Engaged users can help build trust and grow the network.
7. Monetization and Sustainability: The Pi team's monetization strategy, such as fees, partnerships, or other revenue sources, will affect its long-term sustainability.
It's essential to approach Pi or any new cryptocurrency with caution and conduct due diligence. Cryptocurrency investments involve risks, and potential rewards can be uncertain. The success and future of Pi will depend on the collective efforts of its team, community, and the broader cryptocurrency market dynamics. It's advisable to stay updated on Pi's development and follow any updates from the official Pi Network website or announcements from the team.
where can I find a legit pi merchant onlineDOT TECH
Yes. This is very easy what you need is a recommendation from someone who has successfully traded pi coins before with a merchant.
Who is a pi merchant?
A pi merchant is someone who buys pi network coins and resell them to Investors looking forward to hold thousands of pi coins before the open mainnet.
I will leave the telegram contact of my personal pi merchant to trade with
@Pi_vendor_247
what is the best method to sell pi coins in 2024DOT TECH
The best way to sell your pi coins safely is trading with an exchange..but since pi is not launched in any exchange, and second option is through a VERIFIED pi merchant.
Who is a pi merchant?
A pi merchant is someone who buys pi coins from miners and pioneers and resell them to Investors looking forward to hold massive amounts before mainnet launch in 2026.
I will leave the telegram contact of my personal pi merchant to trade pi coins with.
@Pi_vendor_247
Seminar: Gender Board Diversity through Ownership NetworksGRAPE
Seminar on gender diversity spillovers through ownership networks at FAME|GRAPE. Presenting novel research. Studies in economics and management using econometrics methods.
how can I sell pi coins after successfully completing KYCDOT TECH
Pi coins is not launched yet in any exchange 💱 this means it's not swappable, the current pi displaying on coin market cap is the iou version of pi. And you can learn all about that on my previous post.
RIGHT NOW THE ONLY WAY you can sell pi coins is through verified pi merchants. A pi merchant is someone who buys pi coins and resell them to exchanges and crypto whales. Looking forward to hold massive quantities of pi coins before the mainnet launch.
This is because pi network is not doing any pre-sale or ico offerings, the only way to get my coins is from buying from miners. So a merchant facilitates the transactions between the miners and these exchanges holding pi.
I and my friends has sold more than 6000 pi coins successfully with this method. I will be happy to share the contact of my personal pi merchant. The one i trade with, if you have your own merchant you can trade with them. For those who are new.
Message: @Pi_vendor_247 on telegram.
I wouldn't advise you selling all percentage of the pi coins. Leave at least a before so its a win win during open mainnet. Have a nice day pioneers ♥️
#kyc #mainnet #picoins #pi #sellpi #piwallet
#pinetwork
US Economic Outlook - Being Decided - M Capital Group August 2021.pdfpchutichetpong
The U.S. economy is continuing its impressive recovery from the COVID-19 pandemic and not slowing down despite re-occurring bumps. The U.S. savings rate reached its highest ever recorded level at 34% in April 2020 and Americans seem ready to spend. The sectors that had been hurt the most by the pandemic specifically reduced consumer spending, like retail, leisure, hospitality, and travel, are now experiencing massive growth in revenue and job openings.
Could this growth lead to a “Roaring Twenties”? As quickly as the U.S. economy contracted, experiencing a 9.1% drop in economic output relative to the business cycle in Q2 2020, the largest in recorded history, it has rebounded beyond expectations. This surprising growth seems to be fueled by the U.S. government’s aggressive fiscal and monetary policies, and an increase in consumer spending as mobility restrictions are lifted. Unemployment rates between June 2020 and June 2021 decreased by 5.2%, while the demand for labor is increasing, coupled with increasing wages to incentivize Americans to rejoin the labor force. Schools and businesses are expected to fully reopen soon. In parallel, vaccination rates across the country and the world continue to rise, with full vaccination rates of 50% and 14.8% respectively.
However, it is not completely smooth sailing from here. According to M Capital Group, the main risks that threaten the continued growth of the U.S. economy are inflation, unsettled trade relations, and another wave of Covid-19 mutations that could shut down the world again. Have we learned from the past year of COVID-19 and adapted our economy accordingly?
“In order for the U.S. economy to continue growing, whether there is another wave or not, the U.S. needs to focus on diversifying supply chains, supporting business investment, and maintaining consumer spending,” says Grace Feeley, a research analyst at M Capital Group.
While the economic indicators are positive, the risks are coming closer to manifesting and threatening such growth. The new variants spreading throughout the world, Delta, Lambda, and Gamma, are vaccine-resistant and muddy the predictions made about the economy and health of the country. These variants bring back the feeling of uncertainty that has wreaked havoc not only on the stock market but the mindset of people around the world. MCG provides unique insight on how to mitigate these risks to possibly ensure a bright economic future.
3. Introduction of social entrepeneur
Muhammad Yunus is a Bangladeshi social
entrepreneur, banker, economist and civil society
leader who was awarded the Nobel Peace
Prize in 2006. Yunus founded the Grameen
Bank and pioneered the concepts
of microcredit and microfinance. These loans are
given to entrepreneurs too poor to qualify for
traditional bank loans.
4. Introduction to social entrepreneur
Grameen Bank (GB) has reversed conventional banking practice by removing
the need for collateral and created a banking system based on mutual trust,
accountability, participation and creativity. GB provides credit to the poorest of
the poor in rural Bangladesh, without any collateral. At GB, credit is a cost
effective weapon to fight poverty and it serves as a catalyst in the over all
development of socio-economic conditions of the poor who have been kept
outside the banking orbit on the ground that they are poor and hence not
bankable. Professor Muhammad Yunus, the founder of "Grameen Bank" and its
Managing Director, reasoned that if financial resources can be made available to
the poor people on terms and conditions that are appropriate and reasonable,
"these millions of small people with their millions of small pursuits can add up to
create the biggest development wonder."
As of October, 2011, it has 8.349 million borrowers, 97 percent of whom are
women. With 2,565 branches, GB provides services in 81,379 villages, covering
more than 97 percent of the total villages in Bangladesh.
Grameen Bank's positive impact on its poor and formerly poor borrowers has
been documented in many independent studies carried out by external agencies
including the World Bank, the International Food Research Policy Institute
(IFPRI) and the Bangladesh Institute of Development Studies (BIDS).
5. History of social entrepreneur
In 1974, Professor Muhammad Yunus, a Bangladeshi economist from
Chittagong University, led his students on a field trip to a poor village.
They interviewed a woman who made bamboo stools, and they learnt
that she had to borrow the equivalent of 15p to buy raw bamboo for
each stool made. After repaying the middleman, sometimes at rates as
high as 10% a week, she was left with only a penny profit margin. Had
she been able to borrow at more advantageous rates, she would have
been able to amass an economic
cushion and raise herself above subsistence level. He approached
local banks, convincing them what those people most needed was
simply a tiny amount of money, as little as one dollar per person. The
reception was not warm. The bankers question him about the reliability
of the people.
Finally, Yunus took out the loans by himself, despite repeated warnings
that the recipients were so poor and the amounts so small that they
might just never return. Nevertheless, the scheme worked. The tiny
loans were repaid. Soon, Yunus expanded to several villages, then to
the whole district and finally, to five districts.
6. History of social entrepreneur
The origin of Grameen Bank can be traced back to 1976 when Professor Muhammad Yunus,
Head of the Rural Economics Program at the University of Chittagong, launched an action
research project to examine the possibility of designing a credit delivery system to provide
banking services targeted at the rural poor. The Grameen Bank Project (Grameen means
"rural" or "village" in Bangla language) came into operation with the following objectives:
-extend banking facilities to poor men and women;
-eliminate the exploitation of the poor by money lenders;
-create opportunities for self-employment for the vast multitude of unemployed people in rural
Bangladesh;
-bring the disadvantaged, mostly the women from the poorest households, within the fold of
an organizational format which they can understand and manage by themselves; and reverse
the age-old vicious circle of "low income, low saving & low investment", into virtuous circle of
"low income, injection of credit, investment, more income, more savings, more investment,
more income".
The action research demonstrated its strength in Jobra (a village adjacent to Chittagong
University) and some of the neighboring villages during 1976-1979. With the sponsorship of
the central bank of the country and support of the nationalized commercial banks, the project
was extended to Tangail district (a district north of Dhaka, the capital city of Bangladesh) in
1979. With the success in Tangail, the project was extended to several other districts in the
country. In October 1983, the Grameen Bank Project was transformed into an independent
bank by government legislation. Today Grameen Bank is owned by the rural poor whom it
serves. Borrowers of the Bank own 90% of its shares, while the remaining 10% is owned by
the government.
7. Impact of social entrepreneur
Grameen has had very high payback rates—over
98 percent. However, according to the Wall Street
Journal, in 2001 a fifth of the bank's loans were
more than a year overdue.[26] Grameen says that
more than half of its borrowers in Bangladesh
(close to 50 million) have risen out of acute
poverty thanks to their loan, as measured by such
standards as having all children of school age in
school, all household members eating three
meals a day, a sanitary toilet, a rainproof house,
clean drinking water, and the ability to repay a
300 taka-a-week (around 4 USD) loan.[
8. Impact of social entrepreneur
Grameen Bank is owned by the borrowers of the bank, most of whom are poor
women. Of the total equity of the bank, the borrowers own 94%, and the
remaining 6% is owned by the Government of Bangladesh.[24]
The bank grew significantly between 2003-2007. As of October 2007, the total
borrowers of the bank number 7.34 million, and 97% of those are women.[24] The
number of borrowers has more than doubled since 2003, when the bank had
3.12 million members.[35] Similar growth can be observed in the number of
villages covered. As of October 2007, the Bank has a staff of more than 24,703
employees; its 2,468 branches provide services to 80,257 villages,[24] up from the
43,681 villages covered in 2003.[35]
The bank has distributed Tk 684.13 billion (USD 11.35 billion) in loans, out of
which Tk 610.81 billion (USD 10.11 billion) has been repaid.[36] The bank claims a
loan recovery rate of 96.67%,[36] up from the 95% recovery rate claimed in
1998.[36] David Roodman has critiqued the accounting practices that Grameen
used to determine this rate.[26]
The global number of potential micro-borrowers is estimated to be 1 billion, with a
total loan demand of $250 billion. The present microfinance model is serving 100
million people with $25 billion of loans.[37] The Grameen Bank is 95% owned by
the local poor and 5% by the government.