This document summarizes research on optimizing washing cycles for ultrafiltration membranes used to treat metalworking fluids. The researchers tested different filtration parameters, washing cycles, and surfactants. They found that temperature most significantly impacted flux, with higher temperatures resulting in lower flux. Surfactants were also effective at cleaning membranes and preventing fouling when used under the right conditions. Testing of washing cycles showed recovery of flux after washing and the benefit of applying pressure during washing.
Integrity testing is a critical operation, especially for sterilizing grade filters used in biopharmaceutical processing. When performed correctly, an integrity test is a fast, definitive, non-destructive way to assure filter retention performance. Fortunately, there are few ways a non-integral filter will pass the integrity test, eliminating the possibility a non-retentive filter is used undetected. Unfortunately, there are a lot of ways an integral filter can fail the integrity test, resulting in retests, lost time, productivity and potentially lost product.
In this webinar you will:
- Gain confidence in your integrity testing results
- Provide justification for retests
- Understand specific challenges and eliminate them to assure the integrity test can be performed correctly the first time
This report examines different things in admixtures (super plasticizers) such as solid content, rheological properties and chloride content. Different test were conducted to determine the above properties.
Integrity testing is a critical operation, especially for sterilizing grade filters used in biopharmaceutical processing. When performed correctly, an integrity test is a fast, definitive, non-destructive way to assure filter retention performance. Fortunately, there are few ways a non-integral filter will pass the integrity test, eliminating the possibility a non-retentive filter is used undetected. Unfortunately, there are a lot of ways an integral filter can fail the integrity test, resulting in retests, lost time, productivity and potentially lost product.
In this webinar you will:
- Gain confidence in your integrity testing results
- Provide justification for retests
- Understand specific challenges and eliminate them to assure the integrity test can be performed correctly the first time
This report examines different things in admixtures (super plasticizers) such as solid content, rheological properties and chloride content. Different test were conducted to determine the above properties.
The penetration test is used as a measure of consistency. Higher values of penetration indicate softer consistency.
The test is widely used all over the world for classifying bituminous materials into different grades.
Hahnemühle‘s Albet LabScience brand is a range of products designed for general filtration applications and complex filtration processes in life science and analytical applications in chemical and biological laboratories. The technical specifications of our membranes and syringe filters allow their use in areas where reproducibility and consistency are of major importance.
Quality
Our syringe filters undergo strict quality controls during and after production. The storage life of the finished products in the
warehouse is constantly monitored. Each filter holder undergoes the following five tests: bubble point, burst pressure, membrane absorption, flow rate and extractable substances. The range includes filter holders for the reliable separation of microorganisms and particles in liquids, air and other gases. Clear and sterile filtration, sample production, sterile aeration and medical applications are just some of the areas where disposable filter holders are typically used. They are available in different pore sizes and with different hydrophilic or hydrophobic membrane materials.
Our microfiltration range also includes membrane units. The first step towards successful analysis is choosing the right membrane unit. We offer you different membrane filters with pore sizes from 0.2 μm – 8 μm for particle removal or for the collection of the microorganisms to be examined from solutions. Various cellulose-based membranes and polymer materials cover a wide range of application areas, from clarification and sample preparation to sterile and air filtration to aeration and microbiological control. See our quick and easy to use guidelines on page 8f, which will help you to decide which product is perfect for you.
The penetration test is used as a measure of consistency. Higher values of penetration indicate softer consistency.
The test is widely used all over the world for classifying bituminous materials into different grades.
Hahnemühle‘s Albet LabScience brand is a range of products designed for general filtration applications and complex filtration processes in life science and analytical applications in chemical and biological laboratories. The technical specifications of our membranes and syringe filters allow their use in areas where reproducibility and consistency are of major importance.
Quality
Our syringe filters undergo strict quality controls during and after production. The storage life of the finished products in the
warehouse is constantly monitored. Each filter holder undergoes the following five tests: bubble point, burst pressure, membrane absorption, flow rate and extractable substances. The range includes filter holders for the reliable separation of microorganisms and particles in liquids, air and other gases. Clear and sterile filtration, sample production, sterile aeration and medical applications are just some of the areas where disposable filter holders are typically used. They are available in different pore sizes and with different hydrophilic or hydrophobic membrane materials.
Our microfiltration range also includes membrane units. The first step towards successful analysis is choosing the right membrane unit. We offer you different membrane filters with pore sizes from 0.2 μm – 8 μm for particle removal or for the collection of the microorganisms to be examined from solutions. Various cellulose-based membranes and polymer materials cover a wide range of application areas, from clarification and sample preparation to sterile and air filtration to aeration and microbiological control. See our quick and easy to use guidelines on page 8f, which will help you to decide which product is perfect for you.
A cell is in similitude with a fenced house that has a gate. The cell membrane serves to a cell what function does to a house. Just like a gate allows for passage to and fro the house, the cell membrane has adaptions that allow communication between the internal environment with the external environment.
High Flow Filter for UPW Applications – A Field Case Studygvanscho
Presentation reviews the performance of a newly developed 20 nm filter installed in a ultrahigh purity water system. Presented at the the Executive Forum at ULTRAPURE WATER Micro 2008, Phoenix, AZ, November 11-12, 2008.
Application for ceramic filter and reverse osmosis membrane for produced wate...sunilkumarvss395
Ceramic filters and reverse osmosis membranes are both commonly used in the treatment of produced water in oil and gas operations.
1. **Ceramic Filters:**
- **Application:** Ceramic filters are often used as a pre-treatment step for produced water. They can remove suspended solids, oil, and some organic compounds. Ceramic filters are particularly effective in handling high temperatures and harsh chemicals commonly found in produced water.
- **Benefits:** They offer high chemical and thermal resistance, low operating costs, and can operate in harsh conditions without degradation. They are also relatively easy to maintain and have a long lifespan.
2. **Reverse Osmosis (RO) Membranes:**
- **Application:** RO membranes are typically employed for further treatment of produced water after pre-treatment with ceramic filters. They are effective in removing dissolved solids, salts, and other contaminants, producing high-quality water suitable for reuse or discharge.
- **Benefits:** RO membranes offer high removal efficiencies for dissolved solids, are capable of producing high-quality water, and are relatively compact compared to other treatment methods. However, they require careful monitoring and maintenance to prevent fouling and scaling.
**Combined Application:**
- Using ceramic filters as a pre-treatment step can help protect RO membranes by removing larger particles and reducing fouling potential, thereby extending the lifespan and efficiency of the RO system.
- Together, ceramic filters and RO membranes can effectively treat produced water to meet regulatory standards for discharge or reuse, contributing to environmental sustainability and operational efficiency in oil and gas operations.
This is a power point presentation on design of a 30 MLD sewage treatment plant. It includes the different characteristics of waste water,various treatment units, design results and a layout of sewage treatment plant.
Visit my slide share channel for downloading report of this project.
The slide contains advances (recent developments) in textile pretreatment called desizing, scouring, and bleaching. Different advances such as an enzyme, ozone, and plasma treatments are included for each pretreatment process.
1. Optimisation of washing cycle on
ultrafiltration membranes used in treatment
of metalworking fluids
Gerald Busca, Nidal Hilal*, Brian P. Atkin
School of Chemical, Environmental and Mining
Engineering, The University of Nottingham,
Notingham NG7 2RD, United Kingdom.
* Email: Nidal.Hilal@Nottingham.ac.uk
Introduction
•Ultrafiltration membranes are used for separating oil from water and treating waste metalworking fluid.Ultrafiltration membranes are used for separating oil from water and treating waste metalworking fluid.
•Filtration parameters such as feed temperature, concentration ratio in the re-circulation feed stream affects the permeate flux and quality.Filtration parameters such as feed temperature, concentration ratio in the re-circulation feed stream affects the permeate flux and quality.
•Concentration polarisation and fouling occur inevitably in any membrane filtration system and there are factors that limit the process.Concentration polarisation and fouling occur inevitably in any membrane filtration system and there are factors that limit the process.
• To alleviate fouling, membranes have to be cleaned, surfactant have been found efficient to remove oil fouling the membrane surface .To alleviate fouling, membranes have to be cleaned, surfactant have been found efficient to remove oil fouling the membrane surface .
•The performance of each washing cycle is evaluated by measuring after wards the Cold Water Flux on the washed membrane.The performance of each washing cycle is evaluated by measuring after wards the Cold Water Flux on the washed membrane.
CONCLUSION
• 200 kD and 100 kD membranes have shown a similar separation performance with a permeate flux 40% higher for 200 kD.200 kD and 100 kD membranes have shown a similar separation performance with a permeate flux 40% higher for 200 kD.
•The feed temperature has a dramatic effect on permeate flux and quality and should be kept low.The feed temperature has a dramatic effect on permeate flux and quality and should be kept low.
•The necessary surfactant to clean oil from UF membrane has been demonstrated and found effective when used under the right conditions.The necessary surfactant to clean oil from UF membrane has been demonstrated and found effective when used under the right conditions.
• Surfactant has a preventive anti fouling effect.Surfactant has a preventive anti fouling effect.
Ave rag e
o f C WF
X 1 X 2 X 3 X 4 X 5 X 6
536.5 25.5 8 8 .5 35.3 14.1 34.8 -50.5
Evaluation of the factor effect on the cold water flux
A plot of 8 experiments have been done to evaluate the
importance of each factor on the washing.
The efficiency of the washing cycle has been assessed by
measuring after washing the recovery in flux of cold
demineralised water.
Temperature has the greater effect, 45% increase in
CWF when X2 goes from 40°C to 60°C.
0.5 1.5
40 60
15 45
5 15
No Yes
2.7 3.6
s tateFacto rs
Surfactant concentration %v/v X1
Washing temperature oC X2
Washing time minutes X3
Volume of solution litres X4
Application of pressure X5
Re-circulation velocity m/s X6
Factors and values used to evaluate the
washing cycle performances.
1 feed tank, 2 pump
3 Ultrafiltration unit,
4 graduated column
5 temperature control
6 thermometer
P Pressure gage
2
1 4
5
6 Feed
Concentrate
Permeate
P
P
3
Experimental set up
10.00
15.00
20.00
25.00
30.00
35.00
40.00
45.00
50.00
00:00 00:30 01:00 01:30 02:00 02:30 03:00 03:30 04:00
Runing time hh:min
Permeate(fluxl/h/m2)
After surfactant wash
After water wash
Effect of surfactant on metalworking fluid filtration
40
45
50
55
60
0 5 10 15 20 25 30 35 40 45 50 55 60
Time (min)
Permeateflux(l/h/m2)
Pressure applied
for 1 min
Pressure stopped
Permeate flux of a washing cycle and effect of pressure
0
100
200
300
400
500
600
700
800
900
Washing cycle number
COLDWATERFLUX(l/h/m2)
Different washing condition with surfactant
Washing without surfactant
Effect of surfactant on cold water flux
Acknowledgments:We thank the UK Engineering and Physical Sciences Research Council and CARDEV International Ltd for funding this work.
TO C g / l Turb id it y N TU
45 50.5 7.1 4500
20 23.3 4.3 100
Te mp e rat ure
F lux l/ h/ m2 P e rme at e q ualit y
Influence of the feed temperature on the UF permeate PVDF Molecular Weight Cut Off Performances at 20°C
TO C g / l Turb id it y N TU
200 kD 23.3 4.3 207
100 kD 16.1 3.9 50
M WC O F lux l/ h/ m2
P e rme at e q ualit y