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Lisa Poser Master of Environmental Management Nicholas School of the Environment, Duke University Setting Standards for Sustainable Tourism An analysis of US tourism  certification programs
Objectives ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],Background – Research Question – Methods – Results – Discussion
Sustainable Tourism ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],Background  –   Research Question – Methods – Results – Discussion   Source: Bien, 2004
Tourism Certification ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],Source: Rainforest Alliance, ESTC 2008   Background  –   Research Question – Methods – Results – Discussion
Tourism Certification Tourism Market Tourism Business 1 Certification Program Auditor Accreditation  Body Tourism Business 2 Tourism Business 3 1. Criteria Background  –   Research Question – Methods – Results – Discussion   2. Assessment 3. Certification 4. Recognition 5. Acceptance Adapted from Font, 2002   & Sanabria ESTC ppt . Sustainable Tourism Stewardship Council (STSC)
Global Sustainable Tourism Criteria ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],Background  –   Research Question – Methods – Results – Discussion
[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],Core Research Questions Background –  Research Question  – Methods – Results – Discussion
US Tourism Certification Programs Background –   Research Question –  Methods  – Results – Discussion   ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
Background –   Research Question –  Methods  – Results – Discussion   ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
Adventure Green Alaska ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],Background –   Research Question – Methods –  Results  – Discussion   http://www.oars.com/images/alaska/main_alaska.jpg Launched 2008 9 certified businesses ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
Travel Green Wisconsin ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],http://www.travelmuse.com/articles/wisconsin-dells/dells-family-activities Background –   Research Question – Methods –  Results  – Discussion   Launched 2007 208 certified businesses ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
Virginia Green Background –   Research Question – Methods –  Results  – Discussion   ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],Launched 2006 413 certified businesses ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
Florida Green Lodging http://coconutpoint.hyatt.com/hyatt/images/hotels/naprn/signature.jpg Background –   Research Question – Methods –  Results  – Discussion   Launched 2004 419 certified businesses ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],Background –   Research Question –  Methods  – Results – Discussion
Best Practice Standards Analysis Background –   Research Question – Methods –  Results  –  Discussion   2 nd  party No,  self-eval No,  self-eval No,  self-eval. Third-party audits 71% 47% 82% 88% % of standards fulfilled (17 standards total)  No   Motivation for continual improvement   No  Provide technical assistance  Difficult to do Not really Most likely  Establish control of seal/logo in terms of appropriate use FL VA WI AK Best Practice Standards
Global Sustainable Tourism  Criteria (GSTC) Analysis Background –   Research Question – Methods –  Results  –  Discussion   (10) (9) (4) (9) (5)
Recommendations ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],Background –   Research Question – Methods – Results –  Discussion
The Future of Tourism Certification ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],Background –   Research Question – Methods – Results –  Discussion
Acknowledgements ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
Any Questions?

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Setting Standards for Sustainable Tourism: An analysis of US tourism certification programs

  • 1. Lisa Poser Master of Environmental Management Nicholas School of the Environment, Duke University Setting Standards for Sustainable Tourism An analysis of US tourism certification programs
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  • 5. Tourism Certification Tourism Market Tourism Business 1 Certification Program Auditor Accreditation Body Tourism Business 2 Tourism Business 3 1. Criteria Background – Research Question – Methods – Results – Discussion 2. Assessment 3. Certification 4. Recognition 5. Acceptance Adapted from Font, 2002 & Sanabria ESTC ppt . Sustainable Tourism Stewardship Council (STSC)
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  • 15. Best Practice Standards Analysis Background – Research Question – Methods – Results – Discussion 2 nd party No, self-eval No, self-eval No, self-eval. Third-party audits 71% 47% 82% 88% % of standards fulfilled (17 standards total)  No   Motivation for continual improvement   No  Provide technical assistance Difficult to do Not really Most likely  Establish control of seal/logo in terms of appropriate use FL VA WI AK Best Practice Standards
  • 16. Global Sustainable Tourism Criteria (GSTC) Analysis Background – Research Question – Methods – Results – Discussion (10) (9) (4) (9) (5)
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Editor's Notes

  1. Picture: http://www.duluthguide.com/wp-content/uploads/2009/01/inn-green-w-bridge-tm.jpg