1. The document compares intellectual property rights (IPR) systems and traditions in Sweden and China, noting that while Sweden introduced patent laws in the 17th century, China did so more recently in the 20th century. 2. It discusses some famous inventions from each country, including dynamite and the pacemaker from Sweden, and gunpowder, printing, the compass and papermaking from China. 3. The document also analyzes changes over time in attitudes towards IPR in both countries, including challenges around enforcement of laws against copying and issues like downloading in Sweden and corruption in China.

1. Peggy Lai 09013687
Lisa Hedlund 11501383

2. Peggy Lai 09013687
Lisa Hedlund 11501383

3. Peggy Lai 09013687
Lisa Hedlund 11501383

4. Peggy Lai 09013687
Lisa Hedlund 11501383
IPR includes
 Patent: exclusive right given by a patent means that no one may use the
invention for professional purposes
 Trademark: is a distinctive sign or indicator used by an individual, business
organization or other legal entity to identify itself with its products or
services
 Design: protects the looks of
the product rather than its functions
 Copyright: The creator; the writer,
composer and artists has his/her right
to their intellectual work

5. Peggy Lai 09013687
Lisa Hedlund 11501383
Background
Sweden China
 Concept of Patent first  Concept of Patent first
introduced during the 17th introduced during the 21st
century. century
 First governmental authority  Intellectual property rights
established 1885 (IPRs) have been
 The Swedish Patent and acknowledged and protected
Registration Office (PRV) in the People’s Republic of
since 1978 China since 1979.
 First governmental authority
established 1980

6. Peggy Lai 09013687
Lisa Hedlund 11501383
Tradition
Sweden China
 Most successful inventors  Great civilization for millennia
during the 20th century  Until the 15th century, Chinese
 During the same time period technological discoveries and
many flourishing companies inventions were often far in
established advance of those in Europe.
 Individualistic Culture  No sense of protecting what they
 Earn Profit and Recognition have invented.
 High quality  E.g :Traditional Chinese
 ”Just a little bit” better Medicine(TCM), more than
2000 years ago, NO patent.

7. Peggy Lai 09013687
Lisa Hedlund 11501383
Swedish inventions
 Dynamite (1867)
 Spherical Bearings (1907)
 Tetra Pak (1944)
 Pacemaker (1958)
…and what did the Chinese people do at this time?

8. Peggy Lai 09013687
Lisa Hedlund 11501383

9. Peggy Lai 09013687
Lisa Hedlund 11501383
Chinese Inventions
The famous Four Great Inventions:
Gunpowder (the 9th century )
Printing (in 868 )
Compass (4th-century BC)
Papermaking (AD 105)
...... What were the Swedish doing?

10. Peggy Lai 09013687
Lisa Hedlund 11501383

11. Peggy Lai 09013687
Lisa Hedlund 11501383
Changes in attitude towards IPR
Sweden China
 Downloading of Music, Movies etc.  Pressure from the West and the
World Trade Organization
 Immaterial rights
 the State Intellectual Property
 Enforcement of IPRED-law Office ("SIPO")
(Intellectual Property Rights  Today, SIPO is responsible for
Enforcement Directive)  granting patents (national office),
 Stealing is illegal but free  registering semiconductor layout
downloading should be legal? designs (national office), and
 enforcing patents (local SIPO
offices),
 coordinating domestic foreign-
related IPR issues involving
copyrights, trademarks and
patents

12. Peggy Lai 09013687
Lisa Hedlund 11501383
Continued…
Sweden China
 Not accepted to look for or buy  China’s first patent law was
copied products at home enacted in 1984
 …but if we go somewhere else…  Chemical and pharmaceutical
 Increasing number of so called products, as well as food,
shopping trips to especially beverages, and flavorings are all
China now patentable
 Majority of those who go do buy  The Chinese Patent Law,
copied products enacted in 1993, for Traditional
Medical Knowledge protection.
 Some Chinese own products are
seen E.g

13. Peggy Lai 09013687
Lisa Hedlund 11501383
However, does it work?
Sweden China
Limitations: Limitations:
 Downloading  China’s reliance on
 Minor Black Market administrative
• Private persons  X Criminal measures
• Organized criminal groups
 Corruption
 Public Awareness Present
 Limited training to
 Not a big problem enforcement officials
 Lack of Public Education

14. Peggy Lai 09013687
Lisa Hedlund 11501383
IKEA
 In China since 1998
 ”11 Furniture” in Kunming
 Copied the whole experience of IKEA
…luckily, they did not even try to copy…

15. Peggy Lai 09013687
Lisa Hedlund 11501383
The Swedish Meatballs

16. Peggy Lai 09013687
Lisa Hedlund 11501383
References
 http://wraltechwire.com/business/tech_wire/opinion/story/277
6264/
 http://www.sipo.gov.cn/zcfg/
 http://www.mac.doc.gov/china/docs/businessguides/intellectua
lpropertyrights.htm
 http://www.slu.se/en/collaborative-centres-and-projects/slu-
holding/for-researchers/protection-of-inventions/
 http://awapatent.com/?id=11479
 http://www.e24.se/business/falsk-ikea-hittad-i-kinesisk-
stad_2965846.e24
 http://www.prv.se/In-English/

17. Peggy Lai 09013687
Lisa Hedlund 11501383
Questions
 Why does the Chinese authorities fail to implement
the laws restricting the copying of products – is it a
question of the mindset or the size of the population
that complicates the issue most?
 Do you think that protection IPR is a medium of
boosting creativity or instead rather working in the
opposite direction?