India has experienced rapid economic growth over the past 25 years of economic reforms, reducing poverty. However, several studies have shown enduring disparities in growth along dimensions of gender, rural/urban, and socioeconomic status, showing a lack of inclusive growth. The document discusses four key aspects of inclusive growth in India: jobless growth and need for more social spending; low levels of health spending despite initiatives; issues with access and quality of public education; and need for continued progress on financial inclusion. It argues for more inclusive approaches to health care and restructuring public schools to address lack of inclusiveness that undermines sustained, equitable growth.

1. Politics of Growth

2. State of Inclusive
Growth in India
Some Perspectives
By Rama Mohana R. Turaga, et.
al
Prepared by: Ms. Marie Criste
G. Tamboboy

3. "India has recently completed 25 years of
economic liberalization during which the country
has delivered rapid economic growth, as
measured by gross domestic product (GDP), to
become one of the fastest growing economies in
the world. One of the central debates that
marked the occasion of a quarter century of
reforms is the state of inclusiveness in the growth
process. While there is a general consensus on
the drop in poverty rates over this period, the
enduring or even worsening state of disparities
on a variety of dimensions—gender, rural vs
urban, and socio-economic status—is well
acknowledged by several recent studies"

4. Four important aspects of
inclusive growth discourse in
India
1. Jobless Growth (Manali Chakrabarti )
-Chakrabati stated that the seriousness of the
problem is reflected in low workforce participation
rates among the working age population, high
levels of informal employment with no
institutional support or social protection, and
declining potential for employment in key sectors
such as manufacturing and information technology
services. She argues that an important step
forward is for the state to step up its social sector
spending on which it lags considerably relative to
many other developed and developing countries.

5. Four important aspects of
inclusive growth discourse in
India
2. Health (Mirai Chatterjee )
- Arguing that healthy population is a key
requirement for economic growth, she laments
the low levels of government spending on health
in spite of several initiatives targeting
improvements in health care provision. She
suggests an approach for inclusive health care in
which instead of viewing the target beneficiaries
as mere recipients of health care delivery, the
institutions facilitate collectivization and
participation of beneficiaries in policy design and
implementation.

6. Four important aspects of
inclusive growth discourse in
India
3. Education (Shivakumar Jolad and Vaijayanti K.)
- Based on their experience in studying the public
school closures in Karnataka, they argue that a
desire for universal access, an increasing
preference for private schools even among the
poor, and the complex organizational structure of
public schools are reducing the size of public
schools to a level that makes their continued
operation economically infeasible. They go on to
provide important guidelines for reorganization of
public schools to make them more relevant and
address the issue of inclusivity in education.

7. Four important aspects of
inclusive growth discourse in
India
4. Financial inclusion (M. S. Sriram)
- He argues that the current
phase, which is building on the
successes of the previous phases,
has a ‘good architecture in place’,
but needs a more careful thinking
to consolidate on the gains
achieved so far.

9. SO WHAT ARE TO BE DONE?
• Inclusive Health for Inclusive Growth
Sokhey Committee states that
‘The root cause of disease, debility, low vitality and
short span of life is to be found in the poverty,
almost destitution, of the people, which prevents
them from having sufficient nutrition, clothing and
shelter
• India Needs to Restructure Its Government
Schools to Prevent Its Collapse
According to the Universal District Information
System for Education (UDISE) 2015–2016 data,
around 200 million children, about the size of
Brazil’s population are studying in elementary
schools alone.

10. CAUSES OF GROWTH IN SMALL
AND TINY SCHOOLS
• Policy of Access to Schools
• Private Schools Growth and Drain of
Enrolment from Public Schools
• Demographic Decline of Child Population
-The RTE Act mandates free and compulsory
education from 6 to 14 years (1st–8th
grade).

11. In-depth Questions
1. In your own opinion, what are some factors that hinder economic
growth of the Philippines?
2. As educators and administrators, in what ways can we contribute
growth to our society?
3. Would you rather be an educator or a politician? Who do you
think would likely to contribute more to growth?
Reference:
https://journals.sagepub.com/doi/full/10.1177/0256090918758849