Fabien Tondel UN HLPF 2017—side event organized by Finland, the Netherlands, Switzerland, ECDPM & CFS New York, NY, 12 July 2017

1. Policy coherence for agricultural development
and food security
The case of agriculture and trade
Fabien Tondel
UN HLPF 2017—side event organized by Finland, the Netherlands, Switzerland,
ECDPM & CFS
New York, NY, 12 July 2017
An activity supported by

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• Agricultural development & food security, traditional thematic foci of
policy coherence for development (PCD) debates
International agricultural market distortions due to OECD countries’ policies in 1980s-1990s-
early 2000s (low prices, weak agricultural investment in developing countries)
• Global context has changed but…
EU agri. policy reforms & multilateral trade lib. in 1990s-early 2000s, emerging economies,
2008 food price crisis, rise in large-scale private investments in developing countries
• … PCD for food security is still very relevant but…
• … Lack of evidence & dialogue on coherence of policies for food security
Global context of research

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• Better understanding of how different sectoral policies interact & have
effects on agricultural development and food security in specific contexts
• Focus on agro-food value chains
Assessment of coherence of agricultural, industrial & commercial policies for agro-food VC
development (production, marketing, processing & trade)
• Two case studies:
– Burkina Faso case study: assessment at national, regional & European (aid & trade)
levels
– Tanzania (pilot) case study: assessment more focused on EU agri. & trade policies
* Study on policy coherence for agricultural development and food security: The case of agriculture and trade in
Burkina Faso. ECDPM Discussion Paper no. 215.
Assessing Policy Coherence for Development: A Pilot Study on the Impacts of OECD Countries’ Policies on
Food Security in Tanzania. ECDPM special report.
Objectives and approaches*

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Local context: supermarket in Ouagadougou, Burkina

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Local context: supermarket in Ouagadougou, Burkina

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Local context: street market in Ouagadougou, Burkina

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Local context: rural market in Morogoro region,
Tanzania

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• National rural development programme strengthened policy coherence
within agricultural-rural sector but…
… Poorly defined strategy for agricultural value chains
… Little linkage to trade & ind. min.’s industrial policy & export and investment promotion
strategies
• Sectoral approach with inter-sectoral coordination mechanism (Sec. perm. de
la coordination des pol. sectorielles agri.) under agriculture Minister, &
programme-based budget but…
… Institutional fragmentation (different ministries in charge of related sub-sectors)
… Institutional instability (ambiguity & multiplicity of legal & regulatory frameworks)
… Lack of sub-sectoral/VC regulatory bodies
… Lack of private sector involvement in policy planning & implementation
• National food security council, under Prime Minister, example to follow?
Policy coherence at the national level

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• Incoherencies between reg’l industrial & trade policies and reg’l agri. policies
– Different strategic agro-food VCs
– ECOWAS Common External Tariff too low for strategic sectors (livestock products, rice)
– ECOWAS Trade Liberalization Scheme poorly implemented, fragmentation of the reg’l market
(protectionist national policies, discriminatory treatment, rent seeking)
• Lack of coherence between reg’l trade facilitation policies & reg’l agri.
policies
– Still an excessive emphasis on extra-regional exports; informal sector poorly involved
• Improving coherence between ECOWAS & UEMOA agricultural policies
– Same national policy frameworks for domestication
• UEMOA high-level committee on food security now including environment
ministers
Policy coherence at the regional level

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• Improved alignment of EU rural development assistance with national
priorities & strategies…
• ... & enhanced coordination between Government & European partners
around national development strategy but…
• … EU support to the agri. and industrial sectors has not matched: (1) Weight
of agriculture in economy; (2) regional food market growth; (3) quality & SPS
requirements of EU market; & (4) opening of the regional market
• Coordination gap between EU int’l/reg’l & nat’l programmes
– Aid for trade still benefits in large part extra-reg’l/transit trade, not informal sector
– Support to private sector development not adequately targeted to local & regional agro-food
VCs (quality & food safety) & inadequately calibrated to trade liberalization
– Support to research & innovation not adequately targeted to private sector dynamics &
insufficiently coordinated with support to rural policy
EU partners could do more to support policy
coherence

11. Thank you!
www.ecdpm.org
Burkina Faso study: www.ecdpm.org/dp215fr
Tanzania study: www.ecdpm.org/publications/assessing-policy-
coherence-development/
Fabien Tondel (ft@ecdpm.org)
European Centre for Development Policy Management
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