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PLATE TECTONICS.pptx
- 2. Content Standard: The learner demonstrates understanding of the relationship among the locations of volcanoes, earthquake epicenter, and mountain ranges 20XX PRESENTATION TITLE 2
- 3. Performance Standard: The Learners shall be able to demonstrate ways to ensure disaster preparedness during earthquakes, tsunami, and volcanic eruption 20XX PRESENTATION TITLE 3
- 4. LEARNING COMPETENCIES/OBJECTIVES 20XX PRESENTATION TITLE 4 1. Describe the distribution of active volcanoes, earthquake epicenters, and major mountain belts. 2. Describe the different types of plate boundaries. 3. Explain the different processes that occur along the plate boundaries.
- 6. 20XX PRESENTATION TITLE 6 - Constant but slow motion - This movement of the lithosphere is called TECTONICS.
- 8. MAJOR EARTHQUAKE IN THE PHILIPPINES 20XX PRESENTATION TITLE 8 Moro gulf Earthquake ( MAGNITUDE 8.1)
- 9. MAJOR EARTHQUAKE IN THE PHILIPPINES 20XX PRESENTATION TITLE 9 Moro gulf Earthquake ( MAGNITUDE 8.1) 1976
- 10. MAJOR EARTHQUAKE IN THE PHILIPPINES 20XX PRESENTATION TITLE 10 Luzon Earthquake ( MAGNITUDE 7.8) 1990
- 11. MAJOR EARTHQUAKE IN THE PHILIPPINES 20XX PRESENTATION TITLE 11 Lanao Earthquake ( MAGNITUDE 7.5) 1955
- 12. MAJOR EARTHQUAKE IN THE PHILIPPINES 20XX PRESENTATION TITLE 12 Casiguran Earthquake ( MAGNITUDE 7.3) 1368
- 13. 20XX PRESENTATION TITLE 13 3 types of seismic wave PRIMARY WAVE SECONDARY WAVE LONG SURFACE WAVES • Love waves • Rayleigh wave
- 14. HOW DO WE LOCATE THE EPICENTER? 20XX PRESENTATION TITLE 14 If we have at least three recording stations that can tell how far away from them the earthquake occurred, the epicenter can be determined using the TRIANGULATION METHOD
- 15. 20XX PRESENTATION TITLE 15
- 16. 20XX PRESENTATION TITLE 16
- 17. 20XX PRESENTATION TITLE 17
- 18. 18 Activity 1 Find the Center Objective: Locate the epicenter of an earthquake using the triangulation method. Materials: • hypothetical records of earthquake waves • Philippine map • drawing compass and rule
- 19. 20XX PRESENTATION TITLE 19
- 20. 20XX PRESENTATION TITLE 20 Where: d = distance (km) Td = time difference in the arrival time of P-wave and S-wave (seconds) This formula is suited because 8 seconds is the interval between the times of arrival of the P-wave and S-wave at a distance of 100 km.
- 21. 20XX PRESENTATION TITLE 21
- 22. 20XX PRESENTATION TITLE 22 Where is the epicenter of this hypothetical earthquake?
- 23. 20XX PRESENTATION TITLE 23 What difficulty will you encounter if you only have data from two recording stations?
- 24. 20XX PRESENTATION TITLE 24
- 25. 20XX PRESENTATION TITLE 25 What do you think is the importance of determining the epicenter of an earthquake?
- 26. 20XX PRESENTATION TITLE 26 What are you going to do if earthquake occurs in your place?
Editor's Notes
- Lithosphere consists of crust and the upper portion of the mantle. Figure 1 in the LM shows two types of crust, the continental crust and the oceanic crust. The continental crust is thicker but less dense than the oceanic crust. Because of the difference in density, continental crust floats higher than the oceanic crust. Derived from the Greek word LITHOS meaning Rocky/Stone. This word is coined by JOSEPH BARRELL (1914) WHO FIRST STUDY THE MOTION OF LITHOSPHERE OVER MOLTEN LAYER.
- Figure 2 in the LM is a map showing the lithosphere of the Earth divided into the segments called plates. But what are the Basis of scientists imn dividing the lithosphere is such manner? The plates move very slowly but constantly, and this movement is called tectonics; thus the theory of moving lithospheric plates is called plate tectonics.
- in your Grade 8 Science that an earthquake releases three types of seismic waves; Primary (P-waves), Secondary (S-waves), and Long surface waves (L-waves). The first two travel into the Earth’s interior while the last one on the surface . These waves travel at different velocities; thus, do not arrive at a seismic recording station at the same time. The farther the recording instrument is from the focus, the greater the difference in arrival times of the first P-wave compared to the first S-wave. The difference in the arrival time will tell us the distance of the earthquake’s focus from the seismic recording station. However, it does not tell in which direction it came from.
- . It uses distance information from three seismic stations to locate the earthquake epicenter. On a map, circles are drawn around each seismic station. . The radii of the circles are scaled to the estimated distance from the station to the earthquake. The three circles will intersect at one point that locates the earthquake.
- The three circles will intersect at one point that locates the earthquake. The point of intersection is the location of the epicenter.
- Cebu is the epicenter
- Assuming that the two circle will intersect the circle will intersect at two point , it means there are two epicenter
- But, if the earthquake took place at a far greater distance, seismologists use the distance-time graph similar to the figure below in determining the location of the epicenter. S-P interval is 10 minutes What is the distance of the epicenter from the seismic station? Answer: 9000 km Determining the location of earthquake epicenters plays a vital role in laying the foundations of plate tectonics
- Locating earthquake epicenters will pinpoint which fault lines are active. Usually, the less active fault line stores great amount of potential energy that could cause major earthquake once released. Therefore, places near fault lines that remain inactive for a long period of time are due to experience a major earthquake.