The document discusses the proliferation of plastics in internal combustion engines. It began when Henry Ford first used plastics for components like horn buttons and gears in his cars. Later, Matty Holtzberg experimented with plastic pistons and connecting rods and founded Polimotor to develop plastic-intensive engines using materials like Torlon, which can withstand high temperatures. The purpose is to reduce weight and improve fuel efficiency, with potential savings of 1-2% per 100 pounds reduced. However, some plastics emit gases that can irritate drivers.

2. Plastic Proliferation
of IC engine is the
replacement of metal
used in car engines by
composite plastics.

3. Concept of plastic proliferation of cars was first invented by
Henry Ford.
For years Ford cars had been equipped with plastic horn
buttons, shift knobs, door handles and timing gears.
Ford was drawn to plastic for its cost- and weight savings
as well as its corrosion resistance.
Soybean car :--

4. After the Ford, Matty Holtzberg was the next
person who experimented on plastic car
components.
During the 1970s, he made and sold plastic pistons with
aluminium crowns to withstand combustion temperatures and
plastic connecting rods for racing engines.
In ’79, he founded Polimotor. (the name is shorthand for polymer
motor) to develop plastic-intensive engines.
The first Polimotor, a clone of the Ford Pinto 2.3-liter 4-
cylinder

5. Purpose of Proliferation:
a) Light weighting
The EPA says that for every 100 pounds taken out of the
vehicle, the fuel economy is increased by 1-2 percent. Based
on a gallon of gasoline costing $2.58, this translates to
savings of between $0.03-$0.05 a gallon. Of course, 100 lbs.
in a small hatchback is going to make a bigger difference
than those same 100 lbs. in aTahoe, so make reasonable
assumptions about what going lightweight can offer you.

6. weight data and fuel efficiency were
related as seen in Equation
η = a M-b + c

7. • For standard vehicles, efficiency equation is,
η = [ (3.01×107 ) / M2.140 ] + 4.54.
• For Hybrid vehicles, efficiency equation is,
η = [(2.21×103) /M0.545 ] – 12.03.

8. DRIVE CYCLE
EPA
City highway combine
d
Fuel economy benifit
City highway combine
d
MPG MPG MPG % % %
Base line 34.1 46.8 38.9 --- --- ---
Weight--
5% Base line
engine
35 47.6 39.7 2.4 1.6 2.1
10% 35.7 49.2 40.5 4.8 3.0 4.1
20% 35.5 49.6 42.1 9.8 5.9 8.4
reductio
n
5% Engine
downsized
to base line
performance
35.5 48 40.2 3.9 2.4 3.3
10% 35.7 49 41.3 9.4 4.7 6.4
20% 35.4 51.4 44.0 15.6 9.8 13.3

9. c) Innovative Concepts:
Easy to Manufacture:
Less Friction

10. Drawbacks plastic
materials:
Volatile organic compounds, a class
of chemicals that are harmful to
breathe

11. Plastics such as PVC, polypropylene,
polyurethane, ABS, HDPE,Torlon etc. And their
composites are generally used for this purpose.
VARIOUS PLASTIC MATERIALS
USED FOR PROLIFERATION:

12. Plastic materials are light in weight as compared to
that metal components.
Component Main types of plastics Weight in av.
car (kg)
Bumpers PS, ABS, PC/PBT 10,0
Seating PUR, PP, PVC,ABS, PA 13,0
Dashboard PP, ABS, SMA, PPE, PC 7.0
Fuel systems HDPE, POM, PA, PP, PBT 6,0
Body (incl. panels) PP, PPE, UP 6,0
Under-bonnet components PA, PP, PBT 9,0
Interior trim PP, ABS, PET, POM, PVC 20,0
Electrical components PP, PE, PBT, PA, PVC 7,0
Exterior trim ABS, PA, PBT, POM, ASA, PP 4,0
Lighting PC, PBT, ABS, PMMA, UP 5,0
Upholstery PVC, PUR, PP, PE 8,0
Liquid reservoirs PP, PE, PA 1,0
Total 105,0

13. 1) PLASTIC
CONNECTING ROD:

14. 2) PLASTIC MANIFOLD
ASSEMBLY:
• Unequal distribution due to
metal parts used for manifolds
• Benefits of the use of plastic in
construction

15. MATTY HOLTZBERG:

16. POLIMOTOR LOLA
• Material used isTORLON
• TORLON can bear temperature unto 500
degree faranhit

17. • Test of strength: "Mr. Holtzberg campaigned a Lola
race car in the International Motor Sports Association's
Camel Lights series.
• race lasting up to five hours, the Polimotor engine
runs at 8,000 to 9,000 RPM. And theTorlon parts
don't melt.

19. Conclusion:
In this paper, the benefits of the composite
plastics in automotive industry were proposed. Various
composite plastics such as Torlon, ABS, these are used
for manufacturing various automotive parts such as door
knobs, car hood, bumpers. Henry Ford and Matty
Holtzberg were experimented and used the composite
Torlon in car engine. The engine so called as Polimotor.
Polimotor is a Polymer Motor.
Purpose behind the use Plastic engine is to reduce
weight and so increase the efficiency of the car. Also
there are some drawbacks of these engines. The main
drawback is that these engines emit some gasses which
cause irritation to the driver. Our on-going work focuses
on improving the composite plastic properties, which
will overcome the limitations of the present composites.

20. Thanks for watching….
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