it's a thesis study describing how to plan new cities/ town / urban extensions in a planned way.

1. Land use Planning Strategies for Proposed Urban Extension
at Jaipur
Author
Mohammad Afzal
B.Arch, M.Plan (Urban Plnning)

2. Walled City
Urban area 1971
Urban area 1991
Urban area 2011
Urban area 2025
Proposed Urban Expansions
LEGENDS-
Vidhyadhar Nagar
Vaishali Nagar
Malviya Nagar
Sitapura
Pratap Nagar
Expansion of urban area in master plans
Year
Urban Area
(Sq.km)
Average
annual urban.
rate (%) Population
Average
annual pop.
growth rate(%)
Gross
density
(PPH)
1971 60 - 6,36,800 - 106.13
1991 214 25.67 15,18,743 13.85 70.97
2011 391 8.27 30,46,163 10.06 77.90
2025 1596 30.82 64,90,000 11.31 40.66
Source: Calculated on the basis of master plan-2025 and census of India
Table-1, showing the growth rate of urban area and population
• Jaipur city is expanding towards its extend at very fast
pace due to the higher urban population growth rate
(11.3% per annum) and immigration rate (6 lakh in
2011).
• Due to high population growth there are insufficient
land uses, housing shortage and pressure on existing
infrastructure.
• So, To accommodate that growth, the development
authority has envisaged two new planned urban
extensions on the eastern side of the city.
BACKGROUND STUDY

3. So, My concern is to create the framework to assign the land uses according to the appropriate criteria for making
the newer settlement which encourage the better life experience in the newer settlements that support the
following urban sub-systems
• Movement system- There should be higher pedestrian movement, low level of private vehicle ownership and
efficient public transport.
• Efficiency of resource use- Optimise the use of existing resources, including land, money, building materials,
manpower, energy and water as efficiently as possible.
• Opportunity generation- Promote the employment opportunities in close proximity to residential area or
integrated with each other.
• Compact urban development- Discourage the phenomenon of “urban sprawl” and contribute to the development
of more compact towns and cities.
• Sustainability- Encourage environmentally sustainable land development.

4. AIM-
To evolve the land use plan for the development of delineated study area to guide the sustainable urban
development.
OBJECTIVES-
• To study the phenomena of urban expansion.
• To study the various planning models, concepts and strategies for newer settlement making..
• To study the existing characteristics of the study area such as land uses, infrastructure, etc.
• To assess the required infrastructure and facilities for the assigned population.
• To evolve the land use plan to guide the planned urban growth.
SCOPE AND LIMITATIONS-
• The scope of the Study would focus on the new planning models, concepts and strategies which are using in
contemporary world for the newer urban developments, extensions and cities.
• To find the strategies for planning the individual land uses/ activities such as neighbourhood planning units,
economic activities, public spaces, street network and road hierarchy, etc.
• Study area is limited to 14 sq. km. as per the area and boundaries identified in the Jaipur Master Plan-2025.
So, physical boundary of the study area is fixed.
• The study will not discuss about the financial aspects of the infrastructure required.
• The study will not be a part of detailed development plan but it may guide/help in making the development
plan.

5. METHODOLOGY-
The present investigation has the following steps:
1. Extensive literature study to understand the new planning models,
concepts and strategies, basic principles and approaches of planning, case
studies on newer extensions/ cities based on contemporary planning
models.
2. Studying the historical background of Jaipur city and understanding the
image of Jaipur city in its present context to incorporate the heritage of
Jaipur with new planning strategies.
3. Field study to gain first-hand knowledge on the condition and potentials
of the study area, problems and issues, resource availability and scope of
development.
4. Analysing of the study area on the basis of the following major
parameters:
• Location and its connectivity
• Existing Land use and settlements
• Topography and geographical features
• Infrastructure availability
5. Making an analysis of above parameters and understanding their potentials
and constraints.
6. Preparing land use planning strategies for proposed urban extension
(Heritage city Jaipur).

6. LITERATURE STUDY

7. Urban Road Network Planning
Width of the roads should be determined by road hierarchy. In road
hierarchy the arterial roads should be spaced at 600m, major roads
4500m, collector roads 300m and local roads 90m.
ROAD
CATEGORY
ROAD FUNCTION RESERVE
WIDTH
SPACING
Major Road Arterial Distributor 30- 45m 450- 600m
Major Road Secondary Distributor 24- 30m 300- 450m
Minor Road Local Distributor 18- 24m 90- 300m
Local Street Acces Road 12- 18m At building block
Pedestrian/Cycle Acces Road 3- 6m
• Activities that generate a lot of traffic should
be allocated along the major road or at easily
accessible point.

8. Properties along high order streets should ideally be
deeper (25-40m) so as to accommodate more
intensive land use over time.
High order street must make provision for on street
car parking
Formal buildings must be provided on high order
streets where vehicular access / carriageway
crossings are prohibited,. These buildings must be
located close to the street boundary.
Pedestrian only lanes can provide access to high
order streets where intersection spacing are limited
by the classification of the street.
Refuse collection points at the ends of pedestrian
lanes. These spaces can also be used informally for
car parking

9. public transport system Planning
• Economic activities/ workspace should be clustered around
the transportation corridor.
• There should be 800- 1000m catchments around the rail
station and 400- 500m catchments around the bus stop.
• Use of compact pattern (Mixed use and high density)
adjacent to the public transport node increases the efficiency
of public transport use, improve accessibility and reduce
commuter time.
Sr.
No.
Transportation
Service
Required Viable
density (PPH)
1. basic bus service 35-40 p/ha
1. intermediate bus
service
50 p/ha
1. light rail transit 90-120 p/ha
Table: Illustrating the level of public transport
service with respect to viable density

10. Public facilities Planning
• Public amenities should be laid out based on criteria
of distance and catchment area.
• In the settlement, public amenities should be laid
according to the road hierarchy and pedestrian
network.
• The facilities are interrelated or linked to each other
and they may be close or clustered with one another.
Clustered activities (local hub) support a sustainable
community.
• The facilities can be clustered in two ways- According
to the compatibility to each other and according to
the threshold population.
Table: Compatibility matrix of public facilities

12. The cluster approach to public facility provision
•Level one cluster - Community level (3000 pop)
Community level clusters are very localized and
based on the threshold for a place of worship (2000 –
3000 pop).
Level two cluster - Primary school cluster (6000 pop)
Primary level nodes are still localized and based on the
threshold for a primary school (6000 pop). This implies that the
daily needs of a small child are accessible within a 5-10m
minute walk.

13. Level three cluster - Neighbourhood cluster (8 000 pop)
Neighbourhood Level clusters are similar to a level two / primary
level cluster and based on the threshold population of 8000 people.
This scale of node makes provision for a neighbourhood scale
public open space of between 5000 and 10000m2.
Level four cluster -
Secondary School level
cluster (10 000 pop)
Level four clusters
operate on the
neighbourhood level and
are based on the
threshold for a secondary
school (8000 -10000
pop). This implies that
the typical needs for a
secondary school learner
are accessible within a 5-
10m minute walk.

14. land subdivision and zoning regulation
• Rectangular plots with the short side to the road are
preferable to square plots because this fits more plots
along a road, and reduces the costs of utilities.
• Urban blocks should preferably be between 60 and
160m in length to balance the need of infrastructure
efficiency and pedestrian permeability. In any
circumstances, no shorter than 60m and no longer
than 200m.
• The maximum width of blocks usually does not
exceed 60 m in length for safe road intersection spacing.
• Network length: area ratio- In general, the lower the
value of the ratio the more efficient the network. A
suggested target value is 150 – 230 m/ha.
• Network length: dwelling unit ratio- In general, the
lower the value of the ratio the more efficient the
network. A suggested target value is 5 - 10 m/du.
• Frontage: depth ratio- In general, the greater the ratio
(i.e. the shorter the frontage) the more efficient the
layout. A suggested target value is between 1:5 and 1:3.
Plot size and arrangements-
Smaller vs. Larger Lot-
Narrow vs. Shallow Lot-

15. Table: Residential density ranges
Typical densities for various types of settlements
Figure: Illustrating the density configurations on one hectares
Figure- Illustrating factors influencing density and implications of density

16. References
• (2015). A new strategy of sustainable neighbouhood planning: Five principles. UN-Habitat (United Nations Human Settlements Programme),
Kenya.
• AAdam, L. M. (2005). Guidelines for human settlement planning and design. Pretoria: CSIR Building and Construction Technology.
• (APRIL 2016). DIRECTIVES FOR THE PLANNING, DESIGN AND IMPLEMENTATION OF HUMAN SETTLEMENT PROJECTS IN CAPE
TOWN. Marco Geretto, CAPE TOWN.
• Elzette Henshilwood, B. R. (2004). URBAN PATTERNS FOR A GREEN ECONOMY- LEVERAGING DENSITY. United Nations Human
Settlements Programme (UN-Habitat). KENYA: Ndinda Mwongo.
• Feuerhake, E. (2012). Planning Urban Settlements in South Sudan- Basic Concepts. United Nations Human Settlements Programme (UN-
Habitat). Nairobi GPO: Ndinda Mwongo.
• Garau, P. (February 2016). Global Public Space Toolkit: From Global Principles to Local Policies and Practice. United Nations Human
Settlements Programme (UN-Habitat). Nairobi GPO Kenya: Ndinda Mwongo.
• (January 2016). Design Guidance for the Strategic Urban Extension- South of Royal Leamington Spa and Warwick. warwick district council,
warwick .
• John Gormley, T. (2009). Guidelines for Planning Authorities on- Sustainable Residential Development in Urban Areas. Government of
Ireland.
• (June 2017). Spatial Planning Standards. Department of Human Settlement.
• Lodewyk, T. (2013). The City of Red Deer- Neighbourhood planning and design standards. Director of planning services- Red deer, red deer.
• Rogier van den Berg, I. T. (2016). GUIDELINES FOR URBAN PLANNING. UN-Habitat urban planning and design. Nairobi GPO KENYA:
UNON, Publishing Services Section, Nairobi.
• S. GAIL GOLDBERG, B. W. (2007). SUPPLEMENTAL REPORT. Los Angeles City Planning Commision , Los Angeles.
• Sixten Larsson, O. T. (june 2007). Sustainable Community Planning Guide. Land Planning & Management- Nelson Mandela Bay Municipality,
Nelson Mandela Bay.
• Vaggione, P. (n.d.). Urban Planning for City Leaders. United Nations Human Settlements Programme (UN-Habitat). Nairobi GPO KENYA:
UNON, Publishing Services Section, Nairobi.

17. STUDY AREA PROFIE AND SITE ANALYSIS

18. LOCATION OF STUDY AREA IN MASTER AND ZONAL PLAN-2025
The study area lies on the Agra road towards the east of the Jaipur walled
city, beyond Ghat Ki Guni. The land under Heritage city was earmarked
under ecological use in the earlier Master Development Plan for Jaipur
(2011)

19. GEOMORPHOLOGY OF STUDY AREA
LEGENDS-
Site Boundary
Land
River Buffer
Hills
Dundh River

20. NATURAL FEATURES AND SITE SLOPE
A A
’
BB
’
SECTION
AA’
SECTION
BB’
Natural drainage
Channel
Natural drainage
Channel
Ropada Hills
Imaginary Slope
Line
Ropada Hills
Longitudinal
slope:
• The site slope is
on the eastern
side with ratio
of 1:50.
• Highest
Altitude- 363
mts
• Lowest Altitude-
350 mts
Transverse slope:
• The site slope is
on the southern
direction with
ratio of 1:35.
• Highest Altitude-
364 mts
• Lowest Altitude-
351 mts
Natural Features

21. VILLAGE BOUNDARIES
AND CADASTRAL MAPS
21%
12%
2%6%
13%
32%
11%
3%
Formation of Heritage
city
Khori Ropada Heerapura
Maatasula Bhatesari
Hingoniya Govindpura Ropada
Lakhesra Kho-Nagoriyan
Total Area- 1410.13 Ha
Sr. No. Village Name Area (Ha)
Full Villages-
1. Khori Ropada 303.40
2. Heerapura 175.55
3. Maatasula 26.28
Partial Villages-
4. Bhatesari 78.22
5. Hingoniya 186.88
6. Govindpura Ropada 452.57
7. Lakhesara 151.05
8. Kho-Nagoriyan 36.38
Total Site Area 1410.13

22. EXISTING ROAD
NETWORK
1. Existing metal roads-
• Total roads length- 61.58
Km
• Total road area- 170.65 Km
• Road Density- 4.36 Km/Km2
2. Existing Unmetal roads-
• Total roads length- 161.82
Km
• Total road area- 56.50 Km
• Road Density- 11.47
Km/Km2
25%
75%
Road Network Area
distribution
Metal Road Unmetal Road

23. EXISTING LAND USE PLAN
Sr.
No. Land Use
Area
(Ha) % Area
1 Residential 55.83 3.96%
2 Commercial 2.49 0.18%
3 Mixed Use 0.91 0.06%
4 Industrial 83.91 5.95%
5 Cultivated Land 447.81 31.76%
6 Government Land 154.14 10.93%
7 Public-Semi Public 0.85 0.06%
8 Env. Protected Hills 20.86 1.48%
9
Open/ Green/
Recreational Spaces 2.83 0.20%
10 Vacant/ Waste Land 326.57 23.16%
11 River/ Water Body 86.78 6.15%
12 Metal Road 56.50 4.01%
13 Unmetal Road 170.65 12.10%
Total 1410.12 100.00%

24. PROPOSED MASTER PLAN ROAD NETWORK

25. ZONAL PROPOSALS SURROUNDING THE SITE
Zone- 10
Zone- 13A
Zone- 9
North side of site
South side of site

26. PROPOSALS
1. Road Network and public transportation planning
2. Land Use Planning
2.1. Public facilities Planning
2.2. Open & Green Space Planning
2.3. Economic activities Planning
3. Infrastructure Planning
3.1. Water Supply System
3.2. Waste water & Sewerage System
3.3. Solid Waste Management System
3.4. Electricity System

27. Road Network and public transportation planning

29. PROPOSED ROAD NETWORK

30. Interchange
Under Pass

31. City Bus Catchment (400- 500m)
Feeder/ Mini Bus Catchment (200- 250m)

32. Land Use Planning

33. Level Sr. No. Facilities
Area in sq.m.
No. Per Unit Total
1 2 3 4 5 6
1. Housing
Area
Population
4,000- 5,000
1
Convenience shopping (1shop/ 110 people) 1 1,000 1,000
2
Vegitable/ Milk Booth 1 30 30
3 Housing area Park 1 5,000 5,000
4
Housing area Play ground 1
5,000
5,000
5 Primary School 1 4,000 4,000
6
Clinic 1
As per the
requirement
Sub-total 15,030
2.
Neighborhood
Population
16,000- 20,000
Social facilities
1 Sr. Secondary School 2 8,000 16,000
2 Religious building 2 400 800
3 Banquet Hall 1 2,000 2,000
4 Dispensary/ Polyclinic 2 1,000 2,000
5 Neighborhood Park 1 15,000 15,000
6 Neighborhood Play Area 1 15,000 15,000
7
Coaching centres, IT, library/ community centres 1 500 500
Commercial facilities
8 Local shopping 1 4,600 4,600
9 Informal Market 1 1,000 1,000
Public utilities & services
10
Electric Sub Station 11 KV 1 160 160
11
Underground water tank with booster station
and OHT
1 2,000 2,000
12
Sewage Pumping Station 1 500 500
13
Garbage collection including segregation 1 500 500
14
Local level waste water treatment facility As per requirement
15
Three wheeler & Taxi Stand 1 500 500
Sub-total 60,560
3. Community
Population
2,00,000-
2,50,000
Social facilities
1
Intermediate Hospital (0.5 to 1 bed/ 1000 people) 2 10,000 20,000
2 Tertiary Health Care Centre (1 to 2 bed/ 1000
people)
1 15,000 15,000
3a) Family Welfare Centre 1
800 Each 800 Each
3b) Pediatric Centre 1
3c) Geriatric centre 1
3d) Diagnostic center 1
4 Maternity Home 2 2,000 4,000
5 Nursing Home/ Polyclinic 2 2,000 4,000
6 Dispensary for pet animals & birds 1 300 300
7 Police Post/ Fire Post 1 5,000 5,000
8 Community Recreational club 2 2,000 4,000
9
Socio-Cultural activities (auditorium, music, dance &
drama centre / meditation & spiritual centre)
2 1,000 2,000
10 Night Shelter 1 2,000 2,000
11
Multipurpose Community hall (provision for
marriages, small public gathering, function, eating
joint and library, gym etc.
2 2,000 4,000
12 Community Park
2 50,000 1,00,000a) Park
b) Multipurpose Park / ground 2 20,000 40,000
13 Community Sports Centre 2 20,000 40,000
Commercial facilities
14 Informal Bazar 1 1,000 1,000
15
Community Centre with service centre 2 50,000 1,00,000
16 Weekly Markets 2 4,000 8,000
Public utilities & services
17 LPG Godowns (Capacity = 1,000 cylinders) 2 1,000 2,000
18 SKO/ LDO outlet (Petrol pumps) 4 1,200 4,800
19 Electric sub-station 66KV 2 8,550 17,000
20 Post office 1 500 500
21 Bus Terminal 1 1,000 1,000
22 Waste Water Treatment facility As per requirement
23 Raw water treatment plant 1
24 Sewage treatment plant 1
25 Sewage Pumping Station 2 2,000 2,000
26 Parking space for buses, LMVs, IPTs, etc. 2 3,000 6,000
Sub-total 3,37,800
Table: Required infrastructure and facilities for urban development
Sources-
1. Guidelines for Rajasthan
zonal development plan
2. URDPFI Guidelines
3. Rajasthan township policy
4. Delhi zonal and master plan
5. Amravati Master Plan
6. New Raipur Master Plan

34. Level Cluster Facilities clubbed
1 2 3
1. Housing Area
Population
4,000- 5,000
Local commercial
facilities cluster
Convenience shopping,
Vegitable/ Milk Booth, Clinic
& Housing area Park
Primary educational
facilities cluster
Housing area Play ground &
Primary School
2.
Neighborhood
Population
16,000- 20,000
Secondary
educational facilities
cluster
Sr. Secondary School,
Religious building, Banquet
Hall, Coaching centres, IT,
library/ community centres,
Neighborhood Play Area
Neighbourhood level
commercial cum
health facilities
cluster
Dispensary/ Polyclinic,
Neighborhood Park, Local
shopping, Informal Market,
Three wheeler & Taxi Stand,
Parking
Neighbourhood
utility cluster
Electric Sub Station 11 KV,
Underground water tank
with booster station and
OHT, Sewage Pumping
Station, Garbage collection
including segregation & Local
level waste water treatment
facility
Level Cluster Facilities clubbed
1 2 3
3. Community
Population
2,00,000-
2,50,000
Community health
facilities cluster
Intermediate Hospital, Tertiary Health Care Centre,
Family Welfare Centre, Pediatric Centre, Geriatric
centre, Diagnostic center, Maternity Home, Nursing
Home/ Polyclinic, Dispensary for pet animals &
birds
Cultural activities
cluster
Socio-Cultural activities (auditorium, music, dance &
drama centre / meditation & spiritual centre), Night
Shelter, Multipurpose Community hall (provision for
marriages, small public gathering, function, eating
joint and library, gym etc., Multipurpose Park /
ground,
Recreational
cluster
Community Recreational club, Community Sports
Centre, Park
Community
economic activities
cluster
Informal Bazar, Community Centre with service
centre, Weekly Markets
comminity public
services cluster
SKO/ LDO outlet (Petrol pumps), Bus Terminal,
Parking space for parking of buses, LMVs, IPTs, etc,
Post office, Police Post/ Fire Post.
Utility cluster Electric sub-station 66KV, Waste Water Treatment
facility,Raw water treatment plant, Sewage
treatment plant, Sewage Pumping Station.
Table: Various level facility clusters

35. Mixed Use
Transportation
Public and Semi-Public

36. NEIGHBOURHOOD FACILITY CLUSTER

37. Sr. No. Land use
Area
(Ha)
Area
(%)
1. Residential 725.12 51.79%
2. Commercial 47.94 3.40%
3. Public and Semi-Public 106.81 7.57%
4. Mixed Use 40.94 2.90%
5. Recreational 51.98 3.68%
6. Green belt/ Water body 120.84 8.57%
7. Transportation 298.50 21.32%
8. Utility 10.97 0.77%
Total 1400.13 100%
Sr. No. Land Use
Area (%)
Raj. Town. policy URDPFI Obtained
1 Residential 50-54% 45-50% 51.79%
2 Commercial 3-6% 4-6% 5.4%
3 Public facilities and utilities 8-10% 6-8% 9.24%
4 Open space/ Park 10-12% Balance 12.25%
5
Road network/
Transportation 20-22% 18-20% 21.32%
Table: Proposed Land use distribution Table: Comparison of Land use distribution with state and National standards

38. Community
Level Park
Community
Level Park
Neighbourhood
Level Park
30m Drainage
Green Buffer

39. Community
Commercial
facility Cluster
Neighbourhood
Commercial
facility Cluster

42. Infrastructure Planning

43. Overhead Tanks
Water Treatment Plant (WTP)
Calculations-
1. Require supply water-
@150 LPCD= 150 x 218000*
= 32,700,000 Ltr
= 32.7 MLD
2. Area required for WTP-
Upto 50 MLD- 0.93 Ha (URDPFI)
3. Capacity of OHT-
Required water for
neighbourhood population
(16000)- 150 x 16000 = 2.4MLD
Capacity of tank for twice in a
day- 1.2 MLD
So, required area of site for
1.2MLD capacity - 2000 sqm
* projected population

44. Sewage treatment plant (STP)
Sewage Pumping Station
Calculations-
1. Capacity of STP- 80% of
waste water= 0.8 X 32.7
= 26.16 MLD
2. Processing technology-
Activated sludge process (ASP),
The most widely used option
for treatment of domestic
Wastewater. (URDPFI)
3. Area for STP-
Per MLD land required- 0.25Ha
So, required area= 26.16 x 0.25
= 6.54 Ha

45. Utility
Solid Waste Transfer Station (WTS)
`
Route to disposal site
Solid waste management
System
Calculations-
Total Waste generation-
@0.6Kg per capita per day*
= 0.6 x 218000
= 130.8MT
Require utility area for waste
management-
1. Waste collection points at
neighbourhood level
2. Transfer station
Area- 2000 Sqm

46. Electric Utilities
66Kv Electric Sub-station
Intake power line
Electricity System
Calculations-
Require electric utilities-
1. 66Kv Sub-station @1lakh
population
• Area for 66Kv- 8550 Sqm
2. 11Kv transformer @
15000population
• Area for 11Kv- 160 Sqm

47. THANK YOU