Planning at Different Level in the Firm
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Strategic planning involves long-term goals at the top level of an organization. Tactical planning refers to middle-level procedures that transform strategic plans into specific goals. Operational planning involves routine tasks at the lower levels. Managers at different levels can provide input to strategic plans, which must align with organizational goals. CEOs ensure open communication and awareness across all levels.
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This document outlines the key concepts and steps involved in the planning process. It defines planning as setting objectives and determining how to accomplish them. The six steps in the systematic planning process are defined. It also discusses the differences between goals and plans, planning at different organizational levels, types of plans, planning techniques and tools, types of decisions, and decision-making conditions.
Basics of management
The document discusses the basics of management including its three main fields, functions, and definitions. It provides definitions of management from various authors that center around establishing goals, developing strategies to achieve goals, and coordinating activities. Management is described as the art of getting work done through others. The document also outlines six guidelines for effective management put forth by management professor George Miller. These guidelines focus on manager accountability, prioritizing management work, achieving coordination, unleashing employee creativity, and adjusting performance evaluations based on a company's growth stage.
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Planning at Different Level in the Firm
- 1. LESSON 3: Planning at Different Levels in the Firm
- 2. STRATEGIC PLANNING- is top-level planning which involves making decisions about the organization’s long term goals. TACTICAL PLANNING- is middle-level management planning which refers to procedures and transformation of Strategic goals/plans with specific goals. Operational Planning- is a lower-level management planning which involves routine tasks repeatedly done by the firm’s lower level units.
- 8. Integrating Strategic, Tactical, and Operational Planning Managers in different hierarchical levels of the organization may contribute their ideas or suggestions in developing the strategic plan. All plans however, must be directed toward the achievement of the organization’s strategic goals. Finally, CEOs or company president must see to it that all communication lines in their organization are open, dissemination of information to all levels, and they are aware of everything that is happening in their
- 10. LESSON 4 Planning Techniques and Tools and their Applications
- 14. All managers and workers/employees on organizations make decisions or make choices that affect their jobs and organization they work for. Definition of terms: Decision-making- is a process which begins with problem identification and ends with the evaluation of implemented solutions.
- 15. 8 steps of the decision- making process suggested by ROBBINS and COULTER (2009) 1. Identify the Problem 2. Identify the Decision Criteria 3. Allocate Weights to the Criteria 4. Develop Alternatives 5. Analyze the Alternatives 6. Select an Alternative 7. Implement the Chosen Alternative 8. Evaluate Decision Effectiveness
- 17. Structured or Programmed Decision Unstructured or Non- programmed Decisions
- 20. Prepared by: James Baryl Garcelo & Hernan Jhonss Nociete
- 21. QUIZ TIME 1-2 Who suggested the 8 steps of decision-making? 3- What is forecasting? 4-5 What are the two types of decisions? 6-7 What are the two types of decision-making conditions? 8-10 what are the importance of following the DECISION-MAKING PROCESS? To improve what?..