The interior planets consist of Mercury, Venus, Earth, and Mars, which are small, dense, rocky bodies closest to the Sun. Mercury is the smallest with a high metallic composition, while Venus, with a massive atmosphere, has the highest surface pressure; Earth is the only planet known to support life and has a protective ozone layer, and Mars has a thin atmosphere with two moons. The document provides detailed specifications including size, distance from the Sun, and general characteristics for each planet.