2. Plagiarism refers to the act of using another
person’s ideas, words, processes and result
without giving due credits.
The following are considered as acts of
plagiarism:
1. Claiming authorship of a work or creation done by another person.
2. Copying an entire written work or a portion of it – words, sentences or ideas –
without acknowledging the author.
3. Failing to put quotation marks to distinguish a quotation taken from a source.
3. 4. Giving incorrect information about the source of a quotation.
5. Merely changing the words but retaining the sentence structure so that the
selection or quotes still bears a resemblance to the original source.
6. Using so many words and ideas from the original source that it
makes up a large portion of your work, even you acknowledge the
original author.
Plagiarism should not be tolerated as the unauthorized use of
original ideas and words constitute a violation of Intellectual
Property rights.
“Intellectual Property refers to creation of the mind: inventions;
literary and artistic works; and symbols, names, and images used
in commerce.” (WIPO, 2004)
4. Intellectual Property covers two categories:
Industrial Property which includes patents, trademarks, and
industrial designs.
Copyright which include published works such as literary
works, textbook, reference books and other artistic works
such as creative design, film, radio broadcast, music and
performance act.
Creators of such works are given rights and protection and
the unauthorized use of intellectual property is subject to
legal sanction.
In the Philippines, Intellectual Property is protected by Republic Act
8293 or the Intellectual Property Code of the Philippines.
5. Following are the provisions of the code regarding published
works:
“Published work” means works, which, with the consent of the authors, are
made available t the public by wire or wireless. The code also states
The following provisions regarding copyright ownership:
Subject to the provisions of this section, in the case of original literary and
artistic works, copyright shall belong to the author of the work.
In the case of works of joint authorship, the co-authors shall be the original
owner of the copyright, and in the absence of agreement, their rights shall
be governed be the rules on co-ownership.
6. This is the basis of ownership of any published article or materials in
the form of books, magazines, and the like as well as those that are in
electronic form. Using these materials, in part or as a whole, in
commercial publications such as textbook without recognizing the
author or authors constitutes an infringement of copyright which has
corresponding consiquences.
Copyright Infringement and its corresponding sunctions, however, only
apply to commercial use of intellectual property
In academic research, plagiarism and its related acts constitutes academic
dishonesty and may be cause for the invalidation of a research study and other
sanctions on the offender.
7. Sharma and Singh
List of the following tips to aviod plagiarism
1. Sufficient time should be alloted for writing.
2. Hard copies of all the relevant references should be collected.
3. All references should be read carefully and its important parts should be
highlighted.
4. Sufficient attribution should be placed when using the ieas of others.
5. Lines with factual details are to be referenced.
6. She appropriateness of inserting references should be determined.
7. Written permission should be acquired for text and figures copied from
other sources.
8. All the text should be paraphrased-that is, written by he author in
his/her language.
9. Copying and pasting text from sources while writing should be avoided.
if one s not good at typing, he/she can request assistants from typist.
10. Before submitting an article, all files, figures, and references should be
prepared in accordance to the prescribed standards.
11. The cowwalked 10 meters North,
walked 10 meters east,walked 10
meters south and last walked 10
meters west.
All this time, where was the tail
pointing?
12. Sherlock Holmes and Jane decided to have a quiet day at the horse
races.
Both of them arrived well in time to catch the very first race which
was between a total of five horses, namely, Dusky, Peanuts, Royal,
Classic and Park. Park finished before Peanuts, but after Royal.
Dusky managed to reach the finish line before Classic, but after
Peanuts.
Can you tell the order in which they finished the race?
13. Some months have 31 days, others have 30 days,
but how many have 28 days?
14. When you jump off from the roof-third floor
building, where would you land?
