5. PrePre--RomanRoman EraEraPrePre--RomanRoman EraEra
• In Prehistory was an important focus for the
surrounding area.
• It became important because its powerfull
siderurgy industry, where the copper and the
silver took a very important place.
5JAVIER ZOREDAJAVIER ZOREDA -- ISMAEL MARTÍNISMAEL MARTÍN
6. It was conquered in 206 B.C
in the Battle of Ilipa.
It was founded a small
roman city that in the next
200 years became one of the
most important cities
of the Iberian Peninsula.
It came to have 200.000
people at its most glorious time.
RomanRoman EraEraRomanRoman EraEra
6JAVIER ZOREDAJAVIER ZOREDA -- ISMAEL MARTÍNISMAEL MARTÍN
7. In 1235 AD, while Fernando III was King of Castilla,
the city was conquered by christians.
Under this king´s rule, Córdoba kept its glory and influence.
Christian EraChristian EraChristian EraChristian Era
7JAVIER ZOREDAJAVIER ZOREDA -- ISMAEL MARTÍNISMAEL MARTÍN
9. OriginOrigin ofof thethe MosqueMosque
9JAVIER ZOREDAJAVIER ZOREDA -- ISMAEL MARTÍNISMAEL MARTÍN
• The most important
monument of Al-Andalus.
• Origin: S VIII.
• S X was the most important
time of the Caliphate.
• S XVI : Christians built a
Renaissance cathedral.
10. StructureStructure ofof thethe MosqueMosque
10JAVIER ZOREDAJAVIER ZOREDA -- ISMAEL MARTÍNISMAEL MARTÍN
• Cathedral - Mosque.
• Inaugurated the Caliphist
style.
• Dimensions: 23.000 m2
• WORLD HERITAGE SITE
14. HistoryHistoryHistoryHistory
It was set up in the year 25BC by the Romans under the name of
Emerita Augusta.
It was one of the most prosperous cities by that time.
During the Visigoth kingdom the city maintained most of its splendor
and in the 6th century it became the capital of Hispania.
In the year 713 AD it was conquered by the Muslim army and became
the capital of the cora of Mérida.
The city returned under the Christians power in 1230 AD when it was
conquered by Alfonso IX.
14ELENA BAQUEROELENA BAQUERO –– SALVATORE NOCERINOSALVATORE NOCERINO
15. MainMain monumentsmonumentsMainMain monumentsmonuments
1. The Alcazaba (and the Roman Bridge).
2. The remains of the Forum.
3. The remains of Circus Maximus (built in the 1st
century BC).
4. The aqueduct of Miracles.
5. The Amphiteatre and the Roman Theatre.
6. Cathedral of St. Mary Major (built between the 13th
and the 14th centuries).
15ELENA BAQUEROELENA BAQUERO –– SALVATORE NOCERINOSALVATORE NOCERINO
16. TheThe ForumForumTheThe ForumForum
16ELENA BAQUEROELENA BAQUERO –– SALVATORE NOCERINOSALVATORE NOCERINO
It´s structure was really common in occidental roman
colonies during the first imperial era.
BUILDINGS LOCATED IN THE FORUM:
Diana temple (dedicated for imperial cult).
Mars temple (dedicated for imperial cult).
The Forum Portico (located in Diana's temple, it was
built in the 1st century; it contained various rooms where
statues were located).
A basilica (located in front of Diana´s temple).
Thermes.
17. CircusCircus MaximusMaximusCircusCircus MaximusMaximus
17ELENA BAQUEROELENA BAQUERO –– SALVATORE NOCERINOSALVATORE NOCERINO
It is a Roman hippodrome, used for chariot racing.
It was built like the Circus Maximums in Rome and some others
circus buildings throughout the empire.
With more than 400m length and 30m width, it´s one of the best
preserved examples of a Roman circus. It could house up to
30.000 spectators.
18. TheThe AmphiteatreAmphiteatreTheThe AmphiteatreAmphiteatre
18ELENA BAQUEROELENA BAQUERO –– SALVATORE NOCERINOSALVATORE NOCERINO
Built in the 8 BC.
Eliptic shape (126-102m)
Arena 64-41m
Imma, Media and Summa cavea.
Capacity: 15.000 aprox.
Fosa bestiaria in the center, covered by
wood and sand.
19. TheThe TheatreTheatreTheThe TheatreTheatre
19ELENA BAQUEROELENA BAQUERO –– SALVATORE NOCERINOSALVATORE NOCERINO
Built between 16 and 15 B. C. is one of the most well conserved roman constructions in
the world.
It remained buried until the XIX century.
20. CuriositiesCuriositiesCuriositiesCuriosities
Nowadays is a candidate to be World
Heritage Site.
Is the capital city of it's region,
Extremadura.
"Submitit Cui Tota Suos Hispania Fasces"
says it's motto.
20ELENA BAQUEROELENA BAQUERO –– SALVATORE NOCERINOSALVATORE NOCERINO
24. HistoryHistoryHistoryHistory
24PEDRO JIMÉNEZPEDRO JIMÉNEZ –– ERNESTO PÉREZERNESTO PÉREZ
• Built in 16th century under Philip II
rule, while Spain was still the 1st
worldwide power.
• It was built to commemorate the
1557 AD Spanish victory at the Battle
of St. Quentin (Picardy) against
Henry II, King of France.
Altought it is called “Monastery”, it is also the royal
mausoleum of Habsburg dinasty, including
Charles V of Germany, and a cathedral.
25. StructureStructure ArquitectureArquitectureStructureStructure andand ArquitectureArquitecture
25PEDRO JIMÉNEZPEDRO JIMÉNEZ –– ERNESTO PÉREZERNESTO PÉREZ
• The shape looks like a grill, in honour to the saint who died in it, San Lorenzo.
• Juan de Herrera was the designer, who created a brand new style.
• The style can be cosidered Renaissance, altought it mixes medieval elements.
• It is sign of the Spanish supremacy, and the best Master Work of the empire.
• The granite is the material used, due to the abundancy in the area.
26. IndoorIndoor roomsroomsIndoorIndoor roomsrooms
26PEDRO JIMÉNEZPEDRO JIMÉNEZ –– ERNESTO PÉREZERNESTO PÉREZ
The building has several sections, and each other had an exclusive use:
• LIBRARY
• PALACE
• CONVENT
• GARDENS
• MUSEUM
• MAIN STAIRS
• MAUSOLEUM
The building is
nowadays declared
World Heritage Site.
27. SANTIAGO de COMPOSTELASANTIAGO de COMPOSTELASANTIAGO de COMPOSTELASANTIAGO de COMPOSTELA
27ISABEL PÉREZISABEL PÉREZ –– ANA HERASANA HERAS
1. Location
2. Historic Importance
3. Way of Saint James
4. Pilgrims
5. “Compostelana”
6. Cathedral of Santiago
7. Customs
30. WayWay of St. Jamesof St. JamesWayWay of St. Jamesof St. James
30ISABEL PÉREZISABEL PÉREZ –– ANA HERASANA HERAS
It is the pilgrimage route to the Cathedral of Santiago and
one of the most important Christian pilgrimage places.
32. “Compostelana”“Compostelana”“Compostelana”“Compostelana”
The credencial is needed if you want to get “the Compostela”, that is a certificate
that proves that you have done the Way of Saint James.
ISABEL PÉREZISABEL PÉREZ –– ANA HERASANA HERAS 32
COMPOSTELACOMPOSTELA ((LatinLatin)) COMPOSTELACOMPOSTELA ((SpanishSpanish))
ScallopScallop shell
CredentialCredential
33. CathedralCathedralCathedralCathedral
33ISABEL PÉREZISABEL PÉREZ –– ANA HERASANA HERAS
It is a Roman Catholic Cathedral of the archdiocese of Santiago de Compostela.
It was built most in granite.
The main entrance is The Pórtico de Gloria in the Façade do Obradoiro.
39. HistoryHistoryHistoryHistory
39ALMUDENA ROGERALMUDENA ROGER –– ELISA GONZÁLEZELISA GONZÁLEZ
Three cultures lived together in Toledo: the Christian, the Muslim and the
Jewish cultures, so the city has a lot of monuments and buildings from very
different artistic movements and religions.
41. El Cristo de la LuzEl Cristo de la LuzEl Cristo de la LuzEl Cristo de la Luz
41ALMUDENA ROGERALMUDENA ROGER –– ELISA GONZÁLEZELISA GONZÁLEZ
The best conserved mosque in Toledo.
Built in 999 AD, typical muslim art.
42. Toledo’sToledo’s cathedralcathedralToledo’sToledo’s cathedralcathedral
42ALMUDENA ROGERALMUDENA ROGER –– ELISA GONZÁLEZELISA GONZÁLEZ
• Roman Catholic Cathedral built in the 13th
century.
• Situated in the centre of the city, it’ s the most
important architectonic structures in Europe.
• The build process took 2 centuries.
• Gothic style.
43. Santa María la BlancaSanta María la Blanca SynagogueSynagogue
43ALMUDENA ROGERALMUDENA ROGER –– ELISA GONZÁLEZELISA GONZÁLEZ
Jewish temple of the 12th century (origin).
Catholic since the 15th century, and it is
now a museum.
44. Toledo’sToledo’s factsfactsToledo’sToledo’s factsfacts
44ALMUDENA ROGERALMUDENA ROGER –– ELISA GONZÁLEZELISA GONZÁLEZ
Toledo has been poblated for 5000 years.
The Toledo’s Cathedral is the second
richest Church in the world, after the
Vatican’s Church.
There are 7000 visitors per day, the same
number of people who live in the centre of
Toledo
Once a year the people of the city let the
visitors go into their houses to see them.
