Introducing the ping command and its parameters with example –in Persian how to read syntax of cmd commands and use ping command in windows OS. ping video on youtube: https://youtu.be/DIE2Qa0pF5A https://youtu.be/cuvTAHnuStU

1. Ali Torabi
March2017

2. Description
Video links related to
this tutorial on youtube
Introducing the ping command and its
parameters with example –in Persian

3. Ping Owerview
The ping command helps to
verify IP-level connectivity
ping works with both
Internet Protocol version 4
(IPv4) and Internet Protocol
version 6 (IPv6) addresses

4. Ping Owerview
Use ping whenever you
need to verify that a host
computer can connect to
the TCP/IP network and
network resources

5. Ping Overview

6. Any IP network device has the
capability to send, receive or
process ICMP messages.
http://searchnetworking.techtarget.com/definition/ICMP
Ping Overview

7. Ping works with both
Internet Protocol version
4 (IPv4) and Internet
Protocol version 6 (IPv6)
addresses
Ping Overview

8. ICMP (Internet Control Message
Protocol) is located at the Network layer
of the OSI model (or just above it in the
Internet layer, as some argue), and is an
integral part of the Internet Protocol
suite ( commonly referred to as TCP/IP).
ICMP is assigned Protocol Number 1 in
the IP suite according to IANA.org.
Designed to act as an error reporting
and query service, it plays a crucial role
in the host-to-host datagram service in
network communication. It is the part of
the IP service that acts as the feedback
system in network IP communication,
making sure that undeliverable packets
are reported to the sending host, such as
the router or the gateway. Any IP
network device can send ICMP
datagrams, including network interface
cards and other devices that are
commonly used in your environment.
Ping Overview

9. 👉Test-NetConnection -ComputerName server-1
👉Test-NetConnection -ComputerName compute
rname OR IP -InformationLevel Detailed
Test-Connection -ComputerName Server01, Server02, Server12
Ping ing a target by name or IP from
the local computer via powershell…
👉Test-Connection 192.168.1.1
You can
ping several target frome local computer:
Ping Owerview
How to Ping with PowerShell

10. How to Read Command Syntax
ping [-t] [-a] [-n Count] [-l Size] [-f] [-i TTL] [-v TOS]
[-r Count] [-s Count] [{-j HostList | -k HostList}]
[-w Timeout] ] [-4] [-6] [TargetName] [/?]
Bold
Bold items must typed exactly as
they are shown, this includes any
bold words, slashes, colons, etc.
Italic
Italic items are items that you must
supply. Do not take an italic item
literally and use it in the command
as shown.
S p a c e s
All spaces should be taken literally.
If a command's syntax has a space,
use that space when executing the
command.

11. How to Read Command Syntax
ping [-t] [-a] [-n Count] [-l Size] [-f] [-i TTL] [-v TOS]
[-r Count] [-s Count] [{-j HostList | -k HostList}]
[-w Timeout] ] [-4] [-6] [TargetName] [/?]
http://www.computerhope.com/keys.htm
[Text inside brackets]
Any items inside a bracket are optional.
Brackets are not to be taken literally so
don't use them when executing a command.
Text outside brackets
Any text not contained in a bracket is
required. In the syntax of many commands,
the only text not surrounded by one or more
brackets is the command name itself
{Text inside braces}
The items within a brace are options, of
which you must choose only one. Braces are
not to be taken literally so don't use them
when executing a command.
Vertical | bar
Vertical bars are used to separate items
within brackets and braces. Do not take
vertical bars literally

12. ping [-n count] [-t] [-a] [-l size] [-f] [-i TTL] [-w timeout] [-r count] [-s count] [-S srcaddr] target
ping the target until you force it to stop using Ctrl-C
Resolve addresses to hostnames
Number of echo requests to send
Specifying a timeout value in milliseconds to
wait for each reply minimum is 4000
to specify the number of hops that you'd like
to be recorded and displayed.frome 1 to 9
Set Don't Fragment flag in packet
Timestamp for count hops.max is 4. frome 1 to 4
to specify the source address
option to set the size, in bytes, of the echo request
packet from 32 to 65,527
sets the Time to Live (TTL) value, the maximum
of which is 255
Ping command parameters:

13. Ping command parameters:
Ping -n
Ping 8.8.8.8 –n 10
-n count , This option sets the
number of ICMP Echo Request
messages to send. If you execute
the ping command without this
option, four requests will be sent.

14. Ping command parameters:
ping -t
Ping 8.8.8.8 -t
Pings the specified host until
you force it to stop using Ctrl+C
To see statistics and continue
press Control+Break

15. Ping command parameters:
Ping -a
Ping 8.8.8.8 -a
This ping command
option will resolve, if
possible, the hostname
of an IP address target

16. Ping command parameters:
ping –L
Ping –l 100 –f 8.8.8.8
Use this option to set the
size, in bytes, of the echo
request packet from 32
to 65,527. The ping
command will send a 32
byte echo request if you
don't use the -l option.

17. Ping command parameters:
ping -f
Use this ping command option
to prevent ICMP Echo Requests
from being fragmented by
routers between you and the
target. The -f option is most
often used to troubleshoot Path
Maximum Transmission Unit
(PMTU) issues.
path Maximum Transmission Unit

18. Ping command parameters:
ping -i
ping -i 5 IP Wait for 5 seconds before sending the next packet
This option sets the Time
to Live (TTL) value, the
maximum of which is 255.
TTL values are different for different
Operating Systems. So, you can determine
the OS based on the TTL value
different operating systems set different defaults
in UNIX TTL = 64
in Windows TTL = 128
in Solaris TTL = 254
Source: http://subinsb.com/default-device-ttl-values
In computer networking, TTL prevents a
data packet from circulating indefinitely

19. Ping command parameters:
ping -w
By default, ping waits
4,000 milliseconds (4 seconds) for
each response to be returned
before displaying the "Request
Timed Out" message.
If the remote system being pinged
is across a high-delay link, such as
a satellite link, responses might
take longer to be returned. You
can use the -w (wait) option to
specify a longer timeout
Ping –w 10000 IP

20. Ping command parameters:
Ping -r
-r count = Use this ping command
option to specify the number of
hops between the your computer
and the target computer or device
that you'd like to be recorded and
displayed. The maximum value for
count is 9 so use the tracert
command instead if you're
interested in viewing all hops
between two devices.

21. Ping command parameters:
ping -s
Use this option to report the time, in Internet
Timestamp format, that each echo request is
received and echo reply is sent. The
maximum value for count is 4 meaning that
only the first four hops can be time stamped.
http://www.onlineconversion.com/unix_time.htm
https://www.epochconverter.com
http://coderstoolbox.net/unixtimestamp/
You can use an Online converter to convert
unix timestamp value to human readable
date
some converter links:

22. Ping command parameters:
ping -S
Use this option to specify
the source address
Ping –S SourceIPv6 DestinationIPv6

23. How to test connectivity with
ping
How to test connectivity with ping:
1) Ping the loopback address to verify that
TCP/IP is installed and configured correctly on
the local computer.
PING 127.0.0.1
2) Ping the IP address of the local computer to
verify that it was added to the network
correctly.
PING IP_address_of_local_host
3) Ping the IP address of the default gateway
to verify that the default gateway is functioning
and that you can communicate with a local
host on the local network.
PING IP_address_of_default_gateway
4) Ping the IP address of a remote host to
verify that you can communicate through a
router.
PING IP_address_of_remote_host

24. Ali Torabi
March2017