The document discusses the Washington Consensus model of economic reforms versus the Beijing Consensus and China Approach models.
The Washington Consensus promoted fiscal discipline, tax reform, trade liberalization, privatization, and securing property rights. The Beijing Consensus focused on innovation, quality of life, and self-determination.
The China Approach involved finding growth opportunities first before reform, a dual-track system of stability and innovation, clear roles for central and local governments, leadership in regional development, mixed public and private economies, competition rather than interest groups, partnerships among different groups, and the government guiding rather than being driven by markets.
Foreign direct investment environment and economic growthnakije.kida
Abstract: This paper examines the models of economic growth and the dynamic interaction between
models from the Solow Model to New Endogenous Models. Long-term relationship of these models
is noticed to have been related in terms of causality. Model comparisons were made to examine their
dynamics which is not as complex as reflected. Results that growth is led by endogenous or
exogenous factors are not verified to be absolute but relative. Results indicate that FDI affect the
economic growth in many developing countries, but there are also many cases (developed countries)
that show that economic growth has led to a long term increase of FDI flow. It is also verified that the
impact of FDI on the environment is relative, based on the fact that there are exogenous factors that
may affect the reduction of externalities. Causal link among FDI, economic growth and their impact
on the environment makes the endogenous models be analysed with the dynamics, through which is
shown best which is the “cause-consequence” factor, that causes gaps of concepts and practices in
economic growth and environmental concerns.
Due to the global economy, the spatiality is more and more important issue. In the past, usually spatial organization based on nation level, for now this is fundamentally transformed to regions.
Foreign direct investment environment and economic growthnakije.kida
Abstract: This paper examines the models of economic growth and the dynamic interaction between
models from the Solow Model to New Endogenous Models. Long-term relationship of these models
is noticed to have been related in terms of causality. Model comparisons were made to examine their
dynamics which is not as complex as reflected. Results that growth is led by endogenous or
exogenous factors are not verified to be absolute but relative. Results indicate that FDI affect the
economic growth in many developing countries, but there are also many cases (developed countries)
that show that economic growth has led to a long term increase of FDI flow. It is also verified that the
impact of FDI on the environment is relative, based on the fact that there are exogenous factors that
may affect the reduction of externalities. Causal link among FDI, economic growth and their impact
on the environment makes the endogenous models be analysed with the dynamics, through which is
shown best which is the “cause-consequence” factor, that causes gaps of concepts and practices in
economic growth and environmental concerns.
Due to the global economy, the spatiality is more and more important issue. In the past, usually spatial organization based on nation level, for now this is fundamentally transformed to regions.
The classical theory of Economic DevelopmentSharin1234
The Classical theory of economic development is the sum total of all theories of classical economists. The views of Adam Smith, Malthus, and Mill on Economic development form the crux of the classical theory of development. Though they differ on a number of development issues, the essence of the classical approach to development is the same.
This slide discusses about the core-periphery model given by John Friedmann. This model is basically a model of regional Development. You will able to learn about the core-periphery model very easily by this slide.
Linda Yueh, Adjunct Professor of Economics at London Business School and BBC World Chief Business Correspondent selects essential reading for those who want to understand the Chinese economic miracle.
This was first published in Business Strategy Review Volume 24. Issue 2-2013. Subscribe today to receive your quarterly copy delivered to your home or work place. http://bit.ly/BSR-subscribe
Jorge Katz - Seminario 'Nuevos enfoques sobre políticas de innovación'Fundación Ramón Areces
Los días 13 y 14 de marzo de 2014, la Fundación Ramón Areces organizó con el Instituto de Estudios de la Innovación (IREIN) y el Foro de Empresas Innovadoras una jornada sobre 'Nuevos enfoques sobre políticas de innovación'. Contó con la intervención de destacados expertos internacionales como Luc Soete, rector de la Universidad de Maastricht; Julia Lane, del American Institutes for Research (AIR) de Estados Unidos; Giovanni Dosi, del Institute of Economics de la Scuola Superiore Sant'Anna (Italia); Daniele Archibugi, del CNRS y del Birkbeck College de la University of London; John Cantwell, del Rutgers Business School de Rutgers University (Estados Unidos); Jorge Katz, de la Universidad de Chile; Tom Hockaday, del ISIS Innovation de la Universidad de Oxford (Reino Unido), y Johan Schot, del Science and Technology Policy Research de la University of Sussex (Reino Unido).
Dr. Katundu is a lecturer at the Moshi Co-operative University (MoCU). He works under the Department of Community and Rural Development specializing in the area of rural development. He holds a PhD and Master of Arts in Rural development from the Sokoine University of Agriculture (SUA), Morogoro Tanzania and a Bachelor of Arts (Hons) in Geography and Environmental Studies from the University of Dar-Es-Salaam, Tanzania. His research interests include: Agriculture and rural development, rural land reform, rural livelihoods and cooperatives, community driven development, environment and natural resource management, entrepreneurship development, impact evaluation. His PhD thesis is titled: Entrepreneurship Education and Business Start Up: Assessing Entrepreneurial Tendencies among University Graduates in Tanzania whereas; Master dissertation is titled: Evaluation of the Association of Tanzania Tobacco Traders’ Reforestation Programme: The Case of Urambo District.
The classical theory of Economic DevelopmentSharin1234
The Classical theory of economic development is the sum total of all theories of classical economists. The views of Adam Smith, Malthus, and Mill on Economic development form the crux of the classical theory of development. Though they differ on a number of development issues, the essence of the classical approach to development is the same.
This slide discusses about the core-periphery model given by John Friedmann. This model is basically a model of regional Development. You will able to learn about the core-periphery model very easily by this slide.
Linda Yueh, Adjunct Professor of Economics at London Business School and BBC World Chief Business Correspondent selects essential reading for those who want to understand the Chinese economic miracle.
This was first published in Business Strategy Review Volume 24. Issue 2-2013. Subscribe today to receive your quarterly copy delivered to your home or work place. http://bit.ly/BSR-subscribe
Jorge Katz - Seminario 'Nuevos enfoques sobre políticas de innovación'Fundación Ramón Areces
Los días 13 y 14 de marzo de 2014, la Fundación Ramón Areces organizó con el Instituto de Estudios de la Innovación (IREIN) y el Foro de Empresas Innovadoras una jornada sobre 'Nuevos enfoques sobre políticas de innovación'. Contó con la intervención de destacados expertos internacionales como Luc Soete, rector de la Universidad de Maastricht; Julia Lane, del American Institutes for Research (AIR) de Estados Unidos; Giovanni Dosi, del Institute of Economics de la Scuola Superiore Sant'Anna (Italia); Daniele Archibugi, del CNRS y del Birkbeck College de la University of London; John Cantwell, del Rutgers Business School de Rutgers University (Estados Unidos); Jorge Katz, de la Universidad de Chile; Tom Hockaday, del ISIS Innovation de la Universidad de Oxford (Reino Unido), y Johan Schot, del Science and Technology Policy Research de la University of Sussex (Reino Unido).
Dr. Katundu is a lecturer at the Moshi Co-operative University (MoCU). He works under the Department of Community and Rural Development specializing in the area of rural development. He holds a PhD and Master of Arts in Rural development from the Sokoine University of Agriculture (SUA), Morogoro Tanzania and a Bachelor of Arts (Hons) in Geography and Environmental Studies from the University of Dar-Es-Salaam, Tanzania. His research interests include: Agriculture and rural development, rural land reform, rural livelihoods and cooperatives, community driven development, environment and natural resource management, entrepreneurship development, impact evaluation. His PhD thesis is titled: Entrepreneurship Education and Business Start Up: Assessing Entrepreneurial Tendencies among University Graduates in Tanzania whereas; Master dissertation is titled: Evaluation of the Association of Tanzania Tobacco Traders’ Reforestation Programme: The Case of Urambo District.
Collaborative 3D Modelling and Printing: What you See is not Directly What Yo...Farid Mokhtar Noriega
The aim of this collaborative 3D printing workshop is to define the production specifications, the teaching-learning pedagogical strategy aspects to help architecture students acquire: the basic competences of building representation, the pre and post processing of printing procedures (printing materials, paint, epoxy, accessories, etc...), defining the missing functions in BIM and Architectural Modelling software and determining the benefits of enhancing them for better 3D prototyping productivity. Two teams (A and B) adopted
specific working scenarios based on real world printing jobs. Team A worked on an in-house scenario and Team B on an outsourcing scenario. Tasks successfully completed showed: the wide range of prototypes that could be produced in an architectural studio and the need for a collaborative network to organize the knowledge and good practices developed by research teams (professional or academic) involved in developing rapid prototyping for architecture. This knowledge network could be a discussion forum and a development partnership of 3D printing manufacturers and CAD/BIM software developers.
Women do business differently in some ways than men. Women entrepreneurs face different challenges, and approach problem-solving in some different ways. We also need to practice leadership skills and abilities, for all areas of our lives.
Leadership is a PROCESS, rather than a destination. That's why it is considered a practice, always evolving. Here are some starting places, as suggested by some experts in leadership. Pitfalls that are not the exclusive purview of women (but neither are they uncommon) are also included.
Olympicsrecords was founded in 2008 and to this day, it is one of the few
companies in India focused on offering technological solutions to the
sporting world apart from creating television content and playing a key
role in sports management.
Olympicsrecords is managed by professionals with vast international
experience in the domain of sports, software development, marketing and
finance.
The core team is made up of sports-savvy individuals specializing in
software development, multimedia development, graphic design and animation
and web-based application development using state-of-the-art tools.
Vision
To enable successful delivery of quality entertainment and sporting events
through the optimal use of media, communication and technology.
Mission
To consolidate Olympicsrecords’s position as a pioneer in sports software
and break new grounds in sports management, strive to attain excellence and
be a significant player in the global sports.
National Income, Strategic Discontinuity, and Converging Trajectories of Macr...Przegląd Politologiczny
The framework of converging trajectories of macroeconomic policy initiatives is employed
in the context of strategic discontinuity to study the national income of an advancing economy. A model
of systemic changes based upon an equation of production and consumption is presented. In this study
of the Chinese economy of 1980–2014, over time, the dynamics of policy imbalance is found to decrease considerably, which is consistent with the decreasing trend of shrinking the differences among
the impact coefficients of government consumption, private investment, and private consumption.
Concepts of structural change Lecture Universidad Computense Madrid 2019Stavros Mavroudeas
“Concepts of Structural Change: Mainstream, Heterodox and Marxist conceptions and the Greek crisis’ – S.Mavroudeas 24-4-2019 Universidad Computense de Madrid
Trade Liberalization and Economic Growth in China Since 1980iosrjce
The aim of this study is to explore the causality relationship between the foreign trade and economic
growth of Chinese economy using time series data running from 1980 to 2013.Co integration, Granger
Causality analysis and Vector Error Correction Mechanism (VECM) has been used in order to test the
hypotheses about the presence of causality and co integration between the two variables. The co integration test
confirmed that foreign trade and GDP are co integrated, indicating an existence of long run equilibrium
relationship between the two as confirmed by the Johansen co integration test results. The Granger causality
test finally confirmed the presence of bi-directional causality.
Globalization and its impacts on the world economics development by akram chUniversity Of Gujrat
Globalization is a process of global economic, political and cultural integration. It has made the world become a small village; the borders have been broken down between countries. ''The history of globalization goes back to the second half of the twentieth century, the development of transport and communication technology led to situation where national borders appeared to be too limiting for economic activity'' (Economic Globalization in Developing Countries, 2002). Globalization is playing an increasingly important role in the developing countries. It can be seen that, globalization has certain advantages such as economic processes, technological developments, political influences, health systems, social and natural environment factors. It has a lot of benefit on our daily life. Globalization has created a new opportunities for developing countries. Such as, technology transfer hold out promise, greater opportunities to access developed countries markets, growth and improved productivity and living standards. However, it is not true that all effects of this phenomenon are positive. Because, globalization has also brought up new challenges such as, environmental deteriorations, instability in commercial and financial markets, increase inequity across and within nations.
Examining the Impact of Export-Led Growth Strategy: Evidences From Nigeria (1...inventionjournals
The Nigerian economy had for decades been dependent on the fragile leg of crude oil exports. An emerging trend however suggests that in the last ten years the economy was growing without job creation and poverty reduction consequent upon fall in the international oil markets. Expectedly, attention of scholars had shifted towards the development of non-oil exports as a substitute for this quagmire. This study analyses Export-Led Growth Strategy in Nigeria using Annual Data between 1960 and 2015. The study adopted the Autoregressive Distributed Lag (ARDL) Approach on a modified Cobb Douglass Production Function in the analysis. The choice of ARDL is informed by many considerations: it can be used irrespective of whether the regressors are I(1) or I(0) or a mixture of both. Results of the findings revealed that oil exports are directly related to GDP while non-oil exports are not, and implacably non-oil exports do not impact on GDP. The study also revealed that there is a long run relationship between GDP and both components of exports (oil and nonoil) which can be used to determine the possible direction of GDP. And in case of distortion in the economy, equilibrium can be restored at 12 per cent growth rate per annum as one of the study revelations. The study among others recommends that government should diversify the economy to ensure maximum contributions from all facets of the same to enhance economic growth of the country.
Viewing the Chinese economy as a speeding car, there are three types of development that could crash the car: (1) a hardware failure, which is the breakdown of an economic mechanism (analogous to the collapse of the chassis of the car), e.g. a banking crisis; (2) a software failure, which is a flaw in governance that creates social disorders (analogous to a fight among the people inside the car), e.g. the state not being able to meet the rising social expectations about its performance because many of the key regulatory institutions are absent or ineffective; and (3) a power supply failure, which is the loss of economic viability (analogous to the car running out of gas or having its ignition key pulled out) e.g. an environmental collapse or an export collapse.
The fact that China has recently declared that its most important task is to build a Harmonious Society (described as a democratic society under the rule of law and living in harmony with nature) suggests that improvements in governance and protection of the environment are among the most serious challenges to achieving sustainable development. The greatest inadequacy of the Harmonious Society vision is the absence of an objective to build a harmonious world because a harmonious society cannot endure in China unless there is also a harmonious world, and vice-versa. The large amount of structural adjustments in the developed countries generated by rapid globalization and technological innovations has made the international atmosphere ripe for trade protectionism; and environmental degradation has made conflict over the global environmental commons more likely. China's quest for a harmonious society requires it to help provide global public goods, particularly the strengthening of the multilateral free trade system, and the protection of the global environmental commons. Specifically, China should work actively for the success of the Doha Round and for an international research consortium to develop clean coal technology.
Authored by: Wing Thye Woo
Published in 2007
ECON3020 Final exam questions. This assessment task is worth 4.docxgreg1eden90113
ECON3020 Final exam questions. This assessment task is worth 40% of the overall mark in this
unit.
You are given 6 questions and you must answer 4 of your choice (4 out of 6). Please respect a word
limit of 400 words for each question. A gentle reminder that the Turnitin similarity report must be
below 20%. Failure to comply with this submission rule will constitute a breach of integrity rules.
PLEASE READ THESE INSTRUCTIONS CAREFULLY:
(I) You are given 6 questions and you must answer 4 of your choice (4 out of 6).
(II) Please clearly indicate the questions you are addressing.
(III) Each question’s maximum marks are clearly reported.
(IV) Please respect the word limit as reported.
(V) A gentle reminder that the Turnitin similarity report must be below 20%.
Failure to comply with this submission rule will constitute a breach of integrity
rules.
Question 1 (max 400 words, max 10 marks):
(i) Refer to the reading Howes, S. and P. Wyrwoll (2012) to discuss one key aspect of the
Global Ecological Challenge that China is currently facing. (Max 5 marks)
(ii) Explain in your own words why China’s reliance on economic performance indicators
such as Gross Domestic Product may not help in achieving a solution to the global
ecological challenge China is currently facing. (Max 5 marks)
Question 2 (max 400 words, max 10 marks):
(i) Using the material discussed in class explain in your own words how Adam Smith and
Karl Marx differ in their criticism of capitalism. (Max 5 marks)
(ii) Adam Smith proposes to rely on educated consumers to improve the social outcomes
stemming from capitalist economic organization. Explain. (Max 5 marks)
Question 3 (max 400 words, max 10 marks):
(i) Consider a rapidly developing economy such as Vietnam, with limited investment
opportunities (low aggregate savings) and a large unskilled workforce. Under what
conditions Vietnam’s integration in global modes of production may help reduce poverty
and inequality? (Max 5 marks)
(ii) What are the main obstacles to business innovation Vietnam faces in global modes of
production? (Max 5 marks)
Question 4 (max 400 words, max 10 marks):
(i) Consider the structure of the Indian economy, which comprises a large informal sector.
How can the 4th Industrial Revolution positively impact on governments’ ability to
fiscally sustain their policies? (Max 5 marks)
(ii) How can India’s 4IR lead to a premature de-industrialisation and what labour market
implications would that have? (Max 5 marks)
Question 5 (max 400 words, max 10 marks):
(i) Explain in your own words why Japan currently faces a crisis of reproduction. (Max 5
marks)
(ii) Why does the crisis of reproduction in many Asian countries involve both waged and
non-waged labour? (Max 5 marks)
Question 6 (max 400 words, max 10 marks):
(i) Consider the reading by Narula J (2019) discussed in class. Summarise in your own.
El tremendo crecimiento económico experimentado por la República Popular China a lo largo de las últimas décadas, ha atraído la atención de académicos y responsables públicos de todos los continentes. Los países en desarrollo no son una excepción y, de hecho, muchos de ellos en Asia, África, y América Latina, pueden ver en la República Popular China un ejemplo a seguir.
Dado que es muy probable que China haya seguido estrategias de crecimiento y desarrollo heterodoxas, y distintas de las aconsejadas por el FMI y por el Banco Mundial, algunos autores
consideran que un nuevo consenso, el "Consenso de Beijing", con validez para reemplazar al llamado "Consenso de Washington", podría estar surgiendo y afirmándose. Con todo, es innegable que la actual crisis financiera global puede constituir una prueba de primera magnitud para el modelo de crecimiento chino, y consiguientemente, para el destino del "Consenso de Beijing". En este sentido, si China es capaz de salir mejor parada de la crisis económica que otros estados, ello supondrá un enorme impulso a las posibilidades de este nuevo "Consenso de Beijing". Si, por el contrario, China acaba viéndose tan afectada como el resto del mundo, posiblemente el concepto habrá muerto definitivamente antes incluso de haber nacido.
El documento adjunto es uno de los que ha servido como base para elaborar el artículo de Wikipedia titulado "Consensus de Pekín".
EFEITOS DOS CUSTOS TRANSACIONAIS NA IMPLEMENTAÇÃO DE UM PROGRAMA DE GOVERNOLuis Nassif
ANA PAULA MOREIRA WIEMER
EFEITOS DOS CUSTOS TRANSACIONAIS NA IMPLEMENTAÇÃO DE UM PROGRAMA DE GOVERNO: UM ESTUDO DE CASO SOBRE O PROGRAMA NACIONAL DE APOIO À GESTÃO ADMINISTRATIVA E FISCAL DOS
MUNICÍPIOS BRASILEIROS (PNAFM)
EFEITOS DOS CUSTOS TRANSACIONAIS NA IMPLEMENTAÇÃO DE UM PROGRAMA DE GOVERNO
Ping Chen China Approach909
1. The Washington Consensus and China Approach Ping Chen [email_address] http://pche.ccer.edu.cn/ China Centre for Economic Research, Peking University, Beijing, China Centre for New Political Economy, Fudan University, Shanghai, China 6º. FORUM DE ECONOMIA DA FUNDAÇÃO GETÚLIO VARGAS Sept. 22, 2009
![The Washington Consensus and China Approach Ping Chen [email_address] http://pche.ccer.edu.cn/ China Centre for Economic Research, Peking University, Beijing, China Centre for New Political Economy, Fudan University, Shanghai, China 6º. FORUM DE ECONOMIA DA FUNDAÇÃO GETÚLIO VARGAS Sept. 22, 2009](https://image.slidesharecdn.com/pingchenchinaapproach909-090922063223-phpapp02/85/Ping-Chen-China-Approach909-1-320.jpg)
