This is the text of Leopold's essay "Pines Above the Snow" paired with beautiful images. This presentation can be used as a backdrop to help illustrate public readings of the essay.
This is the text of Leopold's essay "If I Were the Wind" paired with beautiful images. The presentation can be used as a backdrop to help illustrate public readings of the essay.
This is the text of Leopold's essay "Red Lanterns" paired with beautiful images. This presentation can be used as a backdrop to help illustrate public readings of the essay.
This is the text of Leopold's essay "Bur Oak" paired with beautiful images. The presentation can be used as a backdrop to help illustrate public readings of the essay.
This is the text of Aldo Leopold's essay "A Mighty Fortress" paired with beautiful images. This presentation can be used as a backdrop for public readings of the essay.
This is the text of Leopold's essay "Draba" paired with beautiful images. This presentation can be used as a backdrop to help illustrate public readings of the essay.
This is the text of Leopold's essay "Come High Water" paired with beautiful images. This presentation can be used as a backdrop for public readings of the essay.
This is the text of Leopold's essay "The Geese Return" paired with beautiful images. This presentation can be used as a backdrop to help illustrate public readings of the essay.
This is the text of Aldo Leopold’s essay "Back From the Argentine" paired with beautiful images. This presentation can be shown on the screen as a backdrop to a public reading of the essay.
This is the text of Leopold's essay "If I Were the Wind" paired with beautiful images. The presentation can be used as a backdrop to help illustrate public readings of the essay.
This is the text of Leopold's essay "Red Lanterns" paired with beautiful images. This presentation can be used as a backdrop to help illustrate public readings of the essay.
This is the text of Leopold's essay "Bur Oak" paired with beautiful images. The presentation can be used as a backdrop to help illustrate public readings of the essay.
This is the text of Aldo Leopold's essay "A Mighty Fortress" paired with beautiful images. This presentation can be used as a backdrop for public readings of the essay.
This is the text of Leopold's essay "Draba" paired with beautiful images. This presentation can be used as a backdrop to help illustrate public readings of the essay.
This is the text of Leopold's essay "Come High Water" paired with beautiful images. This presentation can be used as a backdrop for public readings of the essay.
This is the text of Leopold's essay "The Geese Return" paired with beautiful images. This presentation can be used as a backdrop to help illustrate public readings of the essay.
This is the text of Aldo Leopold’s essay "Back From the Argentine" paired with beautiful images. This presentation can be shown on the screen as a backdrop to a public reading of the essay.
This is the text of Leopold's essay "Sky Dance" paired with beautiful images. This presentation can be used as a backdrop for public readings of the essay.
This is the text of Aldo Leopold's essay "65290" paired with beautiful images. This presentation can be shown on the screen as a backdrop to a public reading of the essay.
This is the text of Leopold's essay "Too Early" paired with beautiful images. This presentation can be used as a backdrop to help illustrate public readings of the essay.
This is the text of Leopold's essay "Prairie Birthday" paired with beautiful images. This presentation can be used as a backdrop for public readings of the essay.
This is the text of Leopold's essay "Smoky Gold" paired with beautiful images. The presentation can be used as a backdrop to help illustrate public readings of the essay.
This is the text of Leopold's essay "Home Range" paired with beautiful images. This presentation can be used as a backdrop to help illustrate public readings of the essay.
This is the text of Leopold's essay "Great Possessions" paired with beautiful images. This presentation can be used as a backdrop to help illustrate public readings of the essay.
This is the text of Leopold's essay "The Good Oak" paired with beautiful images. The presentation can be used as a backdrop to help illustrate public readings of the essay.
This is the text of Leopold's essay "The Choral Copse" paired with beautiful images. The presentation can be used as a backdrop to help illustrate public readings of the essay.
This is the text of Leopold's essay "January Thaw" paired with beautiful images. This presentation can be used as a backdrop for public readings of the essay.
This is the text of Leopold's essay "Axe-in-Hand" paired with beautiful images. This presentation can be used as a backdrop to public readings of the essay.
This is the text of Leopold's essay "The Alder Fork" paired with beautiful images. This presentation can be used as a backdrop to help illustrate public readings of the essay.
This is the text of Leopold's essay "Marshland Elegy" paired with beautiful images. This presentation can be used as a backdrop to help illustrate public readings of the essay.
This is the text of Leopold's essay "Smoky Gold" paired with beautiful images. This presentation can be used as a backdrop to help illustrate public readings of the essay.
This is the text of Leopold's essay "Sky Dance" paired with beautiful images. This presentation can be used as a backdrop for public readings of the essay.
This is the text of Aldo Leopold's essay "65290" paired with beautiful images. This presentation can be shown on the screen as a backdrop to a public reading of the essay.
This is the text of Leopold's essay "Too Early" paired with beautiful images. This presentation can be used as a backdrop to help illustrate public readings of the essay.
This is the text of Leopold's essay "Prairie Birthday" paired with beautiful images. This presentation can be used as a backdrop for public readings of the essay.
This is the text of Leopold's essay "Smoky Gold" paired with beautiful images. The presentation can be used as a backdrop to help illustrate public readings of the essay.
This is the text of Leopold's essay "Home Range" paired with beautiful images. This presentation can be used as a backdrop to help illustrate public readings of the essay.
This is the text of Leopold's essay "Great Possessions" paired with beautiful images. This presentation can be used as a backdrop to help illustrate public readings of the essay.
This is the text of Leopold's essay "The Good Oak" paired with beautiful images. The presentation can be used as a backdrop to help illustrate public readings of the essay.
This is the text of Leopold's essay "The Choral Copse" paired with beautiful images. The presentation can be used as a backdrop to help illustrate public readings of the essay.
This is the text of Leopold's essay "January Thaw" paired with beautiful images. This presentation can be used as a backdrop for public readings of the essay.
This is the text of Leopold's essay "Axe-in-Hand" paired with beautiful images. This presentation can be used as a backdrop to public readings of the essay.
This is the text of Leopold's essay "The Alder Fork" paired with beautiful images. This presentation can be used as a backdrop to help illustrate public readings of the essay.
This is the text of Leopold's essay "Marshland Elegy" paired with beautiful images. This presentation can be used as a backdrop to help illustrate public readings of the essay.
This is the text of Leopold's essay "Smoky Gold" paired with beautiful images. This presentation can be used as a backdrop to help illustrate public readings of the essay.
CONTENTS
XV. JESUS AND THE TREES 151
XVI. JESUS AND THE GRASS AND WlLD FLOWERS 171
XVII. JESUS AND THE WAYSIDE WELL . . . 180
XVIII. THE GARDENER 190
XIX. JESUS AND THE SUN . 202
XX. JESUS AND THE SKY 212
The Stream of Consciousness: A Cerebration of PoetryJinglyNama
An amateur prose writer strays into the dangerous wilderness of Verse- and lives to tell the tale.
A gripping narrative on the mysteries and dangers of casual rhyme.
IN most of the books of the Bible
there occur lyrics which might be
lifted out of the contest and enjoyed
by themselves; and one of the
choicest of these is the description
of Old Age in the last chapter of Ecclesiastes,
Module 05 Written Assignment - Disorders WorksheetInstruct.docxraju957290
Module 05 Written Assignment - Disorders Worksheet
Instructions: For each disorder in the tables below, identify the major symptoms and characteristics. Feel free to refer to your readings and course materials. Be sure to list your references in APA format.
Anxiety Disorders
Major Symptoms/Characteristics
Generalized Anxiety Disorder
Phobias
Specific Phobia
Social Phobia
Agoraphobia
Panic Disorder
Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder
Mood Disorders
Major Symptoms/Characteristics
Major Depression
Bipolar Disorder
Schizophrenia
Major Symptoms/Characteristics
Schizophrenia
Personality Disorders
Major Symptoms/Characteristics
Antisocial Personality Disorder
Dissociative Disorders
Dissociative Identity Disorder
Borderline Personality Disorder
References
Studies in Narrative
EW #2
Dr. Terri Hasseler
Narrative Workshop (Bessie Head), Part I
Assignment: Below is the first part of Bessie Head's "flash fiction" piece, "Looking for a Rain God." Tonight, I am going to ask you to practice being a fiction writer.
It is lonely at the lands where the people go to plough. These lands are vast clearings in the bush, and the wild bush is lonely too. Nearly all the lands are within walking distance from the village. In some parts of the bush where the underground water is very near the surface, people made little rest camps for themselves and dug shallow wells to quench their thirst while on their journey to their own lands. They experienced all kinds of things once they left the village. They could rest at shady watering places full of lush, tangled trees with delicate pale-gold and purple wildflowers springing up between soft green moss and the children could hunt around for wild figs and any berries that might be in season. But from 1958, a seven-year drought fell upon the land and even the watering places began to look as dismal as the dry open thornbush country; the leaves of the trees curled up and withered; the moss became dry and hard and, under the shade of the tangled trees, the ground turned a powdery black and white, because there was no rain. People said rather humorously that if you tried to catch the rain in a cup it would only fill a teaspoon. Toward the beginning of the seventh year of drought, the summer had become an anguish to live through. The air was so dry and moisture-free that it burned the skin. No one knew what to do to escape the heat and tragedy was in the air. At the beginning of that summer, a number of men just went out of their homes and hung themselves to death from trees. The majority of the people had lived off crops, but for two years past they had all returned from the lands with only their rolled-up skin blankets and cooking utensils. Only the charlatans, incanters, and witch doctors made a pile of money during this time because people were always turning to them in desperation for little talismans and herbs to rub on the plough for the crops to grow and the rain to fall.
Th ...
1
Robert Frost
ENGL 202
Poetry Manuscript Formatting
• 12-point Times New Roman typeface
• Place pertinent author and course information in the upper left corner
• Put page numbers in the upper right corner
• Place the title above the poem. There is no need to center the poem unless that is the effect you desire.
• Begin new poems on new pages.
• If the poem spills onto a new page, identify whether there is a stanza break or a stanza continuance.
• Whereas prose is always double-spaced, poetry often is not. The look of the “poem-as-object” is important to its effect; many poets strive to produce manuscript pages that look clean, compact, and tidy. Single-spacing achieves this better.
• Provide spacing as necessary between stanzas.
Professor Pound
Spring 2015
Stopping by Woods on a Snowy Evening
Whose woods these are I think I know.
His house is in the village though;
He will not see me stopping here
To watch his woods fill up with snow.
My little horse must think it queer
To stop without a farmhouse near
Between the woods and frozen lake
The darkest evening of the year.
He gives his harness bells a shake
To ask if there is some mistake.
The only other sound’s the sweep
Of easy wind and downy flake.
The woods are lovely, dark and deep,
But I have promises to keep,
And miles to go before I sleep,
And miles to go before I sleep.
Fire and Ice
Some say the world will end in fire,
Some say in ice.
From what I’ve tasted of desire
I hold with those who favor fire.
But if it had to perish twice,
I think I know enough of hate
To say that for destruction ice
Is also great
And would suffice.
Birches
When I see birches bend to left and right
Across the lines of straighter darker trees,
I like to think some boy's been swinging them.
But swinging doesn't bend them down to stay
As ice-storms do. Often you must have seen them
Loaded with ice a sunny winter morning
After a rain. They click upon themselves
As the breeze rises, and turn many-colored
As the stir cracks and crazes their enamel.
Soon the sun's warmth makes them shed crystal shells
Shattering and avalanching on the snow-crust—
Such heaps of broken glass to sweep away
You'd think the inner dome of heaven had fallen.
They are dragged to the withered bracken by the load,
And they seem not to break; though once they are bowed
So low for long, they never right themselves:
You may see their trunks arching in the woods
Years afterwards, trailing their leaves on the ground
Like girls on hands and knees that throw their hair
Before them over their heads to dry in the sun.
But I was going to say when Truth broke in
With all her matter-of-fact about the ice-storm
I should prefer to have some boy bend them
As he went out and in to fetch the cows—
Some boy too far from town to learn baseball,
Whose only play was what he found himself,
Summer or winter, and could play alone.
One by one he subdued his father's trees
By riding them down over and over again ...
Southern Traditions Outdoors January - February 2015Kalli Collective
Southern Traditions Outdoors is a free publication providing articles, photography, and places of interest for the outdoor sportsmen in the mid-south. Publications are printed every two months: Jan/Feb, March/April, May/June, July/Aug, Sept/Oct and Nov/Dec, and include articles on hunting, fishing and the outdoors. You can always find sections dedicated to children, veterans, women, and the physically challenged in our publication encouraging outdoor participation. You can find our publication throughout Tennessee, Missouri, Mississippi, Arkansas and Kentucky at any of our advertisers as well as many marinas, vehicle and ATV dealers, TWRA license agents, resorts and outdoor related retailers.
This presentation is prepared to assist students to understand American Poet's Robert Frost's famous sonnet Design.
This presentation is not a mere creation of the author, as it is based on various sources and purely designed to assist students in their examination. Quality of this presentation cannot be compared with original text and genuine resources. Students are advised to prefer the authentic texts and resources for better results.
Carrizo
BY CRISOSTO APACHE
For Edgar
The submarine’s inside was dim.
— Ryūnosuke Akutagawa, tr. by Will Petersen
in my youth, I hitched a ride to San Diego, across
chirping desert and distant night, I gazed upon a slow-moving
dark, encasing a convex cerulean cavity
each night, I stood beneath the sky for hours mesmerized
at the perplex reformatory, twinkling lights of broken
glass fragments spreading against a glistening sunset
a faceless man behind a lost reflection of glass
at a drive-up window informs me,
too bad, you know nothing of your own past
how far will I walk against the night?
conforming to a captivity I had never realized
some years later, under the kitchen table, they all huddle,
as the rampage continues toward the back of the house,
a clash of debris from the other room recoils
and broken sounds escape the barricade of doors
I remember I returned in 1970,
all they remember is me sitting at the edge of my bed,
with the war still in my hands
Anasazi
BY TACEY M. ATSITTY
How can we die when we're already
prone to leaving the table mid-meal
like Ancient Ones gone to breathe
elsewhere. Salt sits still, but pepper's gone
rolled off in a rush. We've practiced dying
for a long time: when we skip dance or town,
when we chew. We've rounded out
like dining room walls in a canyon, eaten
through by wind—Sorry we rushed off;
the food wasn't ours. Sorry the grease sits
white on our plates, and the jam that didn't set—
use it as syrup to cover every theory of us.
When Roots Are Exposed
BY ESTHER BELIN
I.
The empty of stomach
manifests silence
a stillness
that levels
coffee in a cup
and in a respectful manner
allows steam to penetrate
the surface.
Reversal of action
has created my sandstone canyon
rooted cedar and sage at my feet.
This movement is where
a tranquility stems.
II.
When my child creates
bubbles through a soapy wand,
I occupy the action of fate
that bursts the perfect form.
A halcyon absorbed
nesting within
the existence of the form
that no longer exists.
The formless form
is where my mind floats.
III.
It is easy to give form
especially with English words
a promotion of mechanical ligaments
binding spirit with assembly-fabricated molds.
Just as my hair poses an appendage of my brain
my tongue poses an appendage of my heart.
I cannot classify this thought as a typewritten symbol.
An ideogram of essence
cultivates my stillness to action.
ANWR
BY SHERWIN BITSUI
When we are out of gas,
a headache haloes the roof,
darkening the skin of everyone who has a full tank.
I was told that the nectar of shoelaces,
if squeezed hard enough,
turns to water and trickles from the caribou’s snout.
A glacier nibbled from its center
spiders a story of the Southern Cross,
twin brothers
dancing in the back room lit with cigarettes
break through the drum’s soft skin—
There bone faces atlas
a grieving century ...
A land ethic is about caring for people and caring for places. Here, participants in the 2015 Building a Land Ethic conference share the places, people, and words that inspire and inform their land ethic.
The Aldo Leopold Foundation's mission is to weave a land ethic into the fabric of our society; to advance the understanding, stewardship and restoration of land health; and to cultivate leadership for conservation. Learn more about our work!
Pairs images with several popular quotes from essays in Leopold's A Sand County Almanac. Can be used as a backdrop to help illustrate public readings from the book.
This is part three of Leopold's essay "The Land Ethic" paired with beautiful images. This presentation can be used as a backdrop to help illustrate public readings of the essay.
This is part two of Leopold's essay "The Land Ethic" paired with beautiful images. This presentation can be used as a backdrop to help illustrate public readings of the essay.
This is part 1 of Leopold's essay "The Land Ethic" paired with beautiful images. This presentation can be used as a backdrop to help illustrate public readings of the essay.
This is part 2 of Leopold's essay "Wilderness" paired with beautiful images. This presentation can be used as a backdrop to help illustrate public readings of the essay.
This is part 1 of Leopold's essay "Wilderness" paired with beautiful images. This presentation can be used as a backdrop to help illustrate public readings of the essay.
This is the text of Leopold's essay "Foreword" paired with beautiful images. The presentation can be used as a backdrop to help illustrate public readings of the essay.
বাংলাদেশের অর্থনৈতিক সমীক্ষা ২০২৪ [Bangladesh Economic Review 2024 Bangla.pdf] কম্পিউটার , ট্যাব ও স্মার্ট ফোন ভার্সন সহ সম্পূর্ণ বাংলা ই-বুক বা pdf বই " সুচিপত্র ...বুকমার্ক মেনু 🔖 ও হাইপার লিংক মেনু 📝👆 যুক্ত ..
আমাদের সবার জন্য খুব খুব গুরুত্বপূর্ণ একটি বই ..বিসিএস, ব্যাংক, ইউনিভার্সিটি ভর্তি ও যে কোন প্রতিযোগিতা মূলক পরীক্ষার জন্য এর খুব ইম্পরট্যান্ট একটি বিষয় ...তাছাড়া বাংলাদেশের সাম্প্রতিক যে কোন ডাটা বা তথ্য এই বইতে পাবেন ...
তাই একজন নাগরিক হিসাবে এই তথ্য গুলো আপনার জানা প্রয়োজন ...।
বিসিএস ও ব্যাংক এর লিখিত পরীক্ষা ...+এছাড়া মাধ্যমিক ও উচ্চমাধ্যমিকের স্টুডেন্টদের জন্য অনেক কাজে আসবে ...
Normal Labour/ Stages of Labour/ Mechanism of LabourWasim Ak
Normal labor is also termed spontaneous labor, defined as the natural physiological process through which the fetus, placenta, and membranes are expelled from the uterus through the birth canal at term (37 to 42 weeks
This presentation was provided by Steph Pollock of The American Psychological Association’s Journals Program, and Damita Snow, of The American Society of Civil Engineers (ASCE), for the initial session of NISO's 2024 Training Series "DEIA in the Scholarly Landscape." Session One: 'Setting Expectations: a DEIA Primer,' was held June 6, 2024.
This slide is special for master students (MIBS & MIFB) in UUM. Also useful for readers who are interested in the topic of contemporary Islamic banking.
it describes the bony anatomy including the femoral head , acetabulum, labrum . also discusses the capsule , ligaments . muscle that act on the hip joint and the range of motion are outlined. factors affecting hip joint stability and weight transmission through the joint are summarized.
Delivering Micro-Credentials in Technical and Vocational Education and TrainingAG2 Design
Explore how micro-credentials are transforming Technical and Vocational Education and Training (TVET) with this comprehensive slide deck. Discover what micro-credentials are, their importance in TVET, the advantages they offer, and the insights from industry experts. Additionally, learn about the top software applications available for creating and managing micro-credentials. This presentation also includes valuable resources and a discussion on the future of these specialised certifications.
For more detailed information on delivering micro-credentials in TVET, visit this https://tvettrainer.com/delivering-micro-credentials-in-tvet/
June 3, 2024 Anti-Semitism Letter Sent to MIT President Kornbluth and MIT Cor...Levi Shapiro
Letter from the Congress of the United States regarding Anti-Semitism sent June 3rd to MIT President Sally Kornbluth, MIT Corp Chair, Mark Gorenberg
Dear Dr. Kornbluth and Mr. Gorenberg,
The US House of Representatives is deeply concerned by ongoing and pervasive acts of antisemitic
harassment and intimidation at the Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT). Failing to act decisively to ensure a safe learning environment for all students would be a grave dereliction of your responsibilities as President of MIT and Chair of the MIT Corporation.
This Congress will not stand idly by and allow an environment hostile to Jewish students to persist. The House believes that your institution is in violation of Title VI of the Civil Rights Act, and the inability or
unwillingness to rectify this violation through action requires accountability.
Postsecondary education is a unique opportunity for students to learn and have their ideas and beliefs challenged. However, universities receiving hundreds of millions of federal funds annually have denied
students that opportunity and have been hijacked to become venues for the promotion of terrorism, antisemitic harassment and intimidation, unlawful encampments, and in some cases, assaults and riots.
The House of Representatives will not countenance the use of federal funds to indoctrinate students into hateful, antisemitic, anti-American supporters of terrorism. Investigations into campus antisemitism by the Committee on Education and the Workforce and the Committee on Ways and Means have been expanded into a Congress-wide probe across all relevant jurisdictions to address this national crisis. The undersigned Committees will conduct oversight into the use of federal funds at MIT and its learning environment under authorities granted to each Committee.
• The Committee on Education and the Workforce has been investigating your institution since December 7, 2023. The Committee has broad jurisdiction over postsecondary education, including its compliance with Title VI of the Civil Rights Act, campus safety concerns over disruptions to the learning environment, and the awarding of federal student aid under the Higher Education Act.
• The Committee on Oversight and Accountability is investigating the sources of funding and other support flowing to groups espousing pro-Hamas propaganda and engaged in antisemitic harassment and intimidation of students. The Committee on Oversight and Accountability is the principal oversight committee of the US House of Representatives and has broad authority to investigate “any matter” at “any time” under House Rule X.
• The Committee on Ways and Means has been investigating several universities since November 15, 2023, when the Committee held a hearing entitled From Ivory Towers to Dark Corners: Investigating the Nexus Between Antisemitism, Tax-Exempt Universities, and Terror Financing. The Committee followed the hearing with letters to those institutions on January 10, 202
1. On this SlideShare page, you will find several Power Point presentations, one for each of the
most popular essays to read aloud from A Sand County Almanac at Aldo Leopold Weekend
events. Each presentation has the essay text right on the slides, paired with beautiful images that
help add a visual element to public readings. Dave Winefske (Aldo Leopold Weekend event
planner from Argyle, Wisconsin) gets credit for putting these together. Thanks Dave!
A note on images within the presentations: we have only received permission to use these
images within these presentations, as part of this event. You will see a photo credit slide as the
last image in every presentation. Please be sure to show that slide to your audience at least once,
and if you don't mind leaving it up to show at the end of each essay, that is best. Also please note
that we do not have permission to use these images outside of Aldo Leopold Weekend reading
event presentations. For example, the images that come from the Aldo Leopold Foundation
archive are not “public domain,” yet we see unauthorized uses of them all the time on the
internet. So, hopefully that’s enough said on this topic—if you have any questions, just let us
know. mail@aldoleopold.org
If you download these presentations to use in your event, feel free to delete this intro slide before
showing to your audience.
8. If his back be strong and his
shovel sharp, there may
eventually be ten thousand.
9. And in the seventh year he
may lean upon his shovel,
and look upon his trees,
and find them good.
10. God passed on his handiwork as early as
the seventh day, but I notice He has
since been rather noncommittal about its
merits. I gather either that He spoke too
soon, or that trees stand more looking
upon than do fig leaves and firmaments.
11. Why is the shovel regarded as a
symbol of drudgery? Perhaps
because most shovels are dull.
Certainly all drudges have dull
shovels, but I am uncertain which of
these two facts is cause & which
effect. I only know that a good file,
vigorously wielded, makes my shovel
sing as it slices the mellow loam.
12. I am told there is music in the
sharp plane, the sharp chisel, and
the sharp scalpel, but I hear it best
in my shovel; it hums in my wrists
as I plant a pine.
13. I suspect that the fellow who tried so hard to strike one clear
note upon the harp of time chose too difficult an instrument.
14. It is well that the planting season comes only in spring, for moderation is
best in all things, even shovels.
15. During the other months you may watch the process of becoming a pine.
16. The pine's new year begins in May,
when the terminal bud becomes
“the candle”. Whoever coined that
name for the new growth had
subtlety in his soul.
17. The candle' sounds like a
platitudinous reference to
obvious facts: the new
shoot is waxy, upright,
brittle. But he who lives
with pines knows that
candle has a deeper
meaning, for at its tip bums
the eternal flame that lights
a path into the future.
18. May after May my pines follow their candles
skyward, each headed straight for the zenith,
and each meaning to get there if only there be
years enough before the last trumpet blows.
19. It is a very old pine who at last forgets
which of his many candles is the most
important, and thus flattens his crown
against the sky. You may forget, but no
pine of your own planting will do so in
your lifetime.
20. If you are thriftily inclined, you will find pines congenial company, for,
unlike the hand-to-mouth hardwoods, they never pay current bills out of
current earnings; they live solely on their savings of the year before.
21. In fact every pine carries an
open bankbook, in which his
cash balance is recorded by
30 June of each year
22. If, on that date, his completed
candle has developed a
terminal cluster of ten or
twelve buds, it means that he
has salted away enough rain
and sun for a two-foot or even
a three-foot thrust skyward
next spring. If there are only
four or six buds, his thrust will
be a lesser one, but he will
nevertheless wear that
peculiar air that goes with
solvency.
23. Hard years, of course, come to pines as they do to men, and these are
recorded as shorter thrusts, i.e. shorter spaces between the successive
whorls of branches.
24. These spaces, then,
are an autobiography
that he who walks
with trees may read
at will. In order to
date a hard year
correctly, you must
always subtract one
from the year of
lesser growth.
25. Thus the 1937 growth was short in all pines; this records the universal
drouth of 1936. On the other hand the 1941 growth was long in all pines;
perhaps they saw the shadow of things to come, & made a special effort
to show the world that pines still know where they are going, even though
men do not.
26. When one pine shows a short year but his neighbors do not, you may
safely interpolate some purely local or individual adversity: a fire scar, a
gnawing meadow mouse, a windburn, or some local bottleneck in that dark
laboratory we call the soil.
27. There is much small-talk and neighborhood
gossip among pines. By paying heed to this
chatter, I learn what has transpired during
the week when I am absent in town. Thus in
March, when the deer frequently browse
white pines, the height of the browsings tells
me how hungry they are.
28. A deer full of corn is too lazy to nip
branches more than four feet
above the ground; a really hungry
deer rises on his hind legs and
nips as high as eight feet.
29. Thus I learn the gastronomic status of the deer without
seeing them, and I learn, without visiting his field, whether
my neighbor has hauled in his cornshocks.
30. In May, when the new candle is tender
and brittle as an asparagus shoot, a
bird alighting on it will often break it
off. Every spring I find a few such
decapitated trees, each with its wilted
candle lying in the grass. It is easy to
infer what has happened, but in a
decade of watching I have never once
seen a bird break a candle. It is an
object lesson: one need not doubt the
unseen.
31. In June of each year a few white pines suddenly show wilted candles,
which shortly thereafter turn brown & die.
32. A pine weevil has bored into the terminal bud cluster and deposited eggs;
the grubs, when hatched, bore down along the pith and kill the shoot.
33. Such a leaderless pine is doomed to frustration, for the surviving
branches disagree among themselves who is to head the skyward march.
They all do, and as a consequence the tree remains a bush.
34. It is a curious circumstance that
only pines in full sunlight are
bitten by weevils; shaded pines
are ignored. Such are the hidden
uses of adversity.
35. In October my pines tell me, by their
rubbed-off bark, when the bucks are
beginning to “feel their oats”.
36. A jackpine about eight feet high, and
standing alone, seems especially to
incite in a buck the idea that the
world needs prodding.
37. Such a tree must perforce
turn the other cheek also,
and emerges much the
worse for wear.
38. The only element of justice in such
combats is that the more the tree is
punished, the more pitch the buck
carries away on his not-so-shiny
antlers.
39. The chit-chat of the woods is sometimes
hard to translate. Once in midwinter I
found in the droppings under a grouse
roost some half-digested structures that
I could not identify.
40. They resembled miniature corncobs about
half an inch long. I examined samples of
every local grouse food I could think of, but
without finding any clue to the origin of the
„cobs.' Finally I cut open the terminal bud of a
jackpine, and in its core I found the answer.
41. The grouse had eaten the buds,
digested the pitch, rubbed off the
scales in his gizzard, and left the
cob, which was, in effect, the
forthcoming candle. One might
say that this grouse had been
speculating in jackpine “futures”
42. The three species of pine native to Wisconsin (white, red, and jack) differ
radically in their opinions about marriageable age.
43. The precocious jackpine sometimes blooms and bears cones a year or two
after leaving the nursery, and a few of my I3-year-old jacks already boast of
grandchildren.
45. but my whites have not yet
bloomed; they adhere closely to
the Anglo- Saxon doctrine of free,
white, and twenty-one.
46. Were it not for this wide diversity in social outlook, my red squirrels
would be much curtailed in their bill-of-fare. Each year in midsummer they
start tearing up jackpine cones for the seeds, and no Labor-Day picnic
ever scattered more hulls and rinds over the landscape than they do:
47. under each tree the remains of their annual feast lie in piles & heaps
Yet there are always cones to spare, as attested by their progeny
popping up among the goldenrods.
48. Few people know that pines bear
flowers, and most of those who do are
too prosy to see in this festival of
bloom anything more than a routine
biological function. All disillusioned
folk should spend the second week in
May in a pine woods,
49. and such as wear glasses should take along an extra
handkerchief. The prodigality of pine pollen should
convince anyone of the reckless exuberance of the season,
even when the song of the kinglet has failed to do so.
50. Young white pines usually thrive best in the absence of their parents.
51. I know of whole woodlots in which the younger generation, even when
provided with a place in the sun, is dwarfed and spindled by its elders.
52. Again there are woodlots in which no such inhibition obtains. I wish I
knew whether such differences lie in tolerance in the young, in the old, or
in the soil.
53. Pines, like people, are choosy about their associates & do not succeed in
suppressing their likes & dislikes. Thus there is an affinity between white
pines & dewberries, between red pines & flowering spurge, between jack
pines & sweet fern.
54. When I plant a white pine in a dewberry patch, I can safely predict that
within a year he will develop a husky cluster of buds, and that his new
needles will show that bluish bloom which bespeaks health & congenial
company. He will outgrow & outbloom his fellows planted on the same
day, with the same care, in the same soil, but in the company of grass.
55. In October I like to walk among these blue plumes, rising
straight & stalwart from the red carpet of dewberry leaves. I wonder
whether they are aware of their state of well-being. I know only that I am.
56. Pines have earned the reputation of being „evergreen' by the same device
that governments use to achieve the appearance of perpetuity:
overlapping terms of office. By taking on new needles on the new growth
of each year, and discarding old needles at longer intervals, they have led
the casual onlooker to believe that needles remain forever green.
57. Each species of pine has its own
constitution, which prescribes a term of
office for needles appropriate to its way
of life. Thus the white pine retains its
needles for a year & a half;
58. the red and jackpines for
two years and a half.
Incoming needles take
office in June, and
outgoing needles write
farewell addresses in
October.
59. All write the same thing, in the same tawny yellow ink, which by
November turns brown. Then the needles fall, and are filed in the duff to
enrich the wisdom of the stand. It is this accumulated wisdom that
hushes the footsteps of whoever walks under pines.
60. It is in midwinter that I sometimes glean from my
pines something more important than woodlot
politics, and the news of the wind and weather.
This is especially likely to happen on some gloomy evening when the
snow has buried all irrelevant detail, and the hush of elemental sadness
lies heavy upon every living thing.
61. Never-the-less, my pines, each with his burden of snow, are standing
ramrod-straight, rank upon rank, and in the dusk beyond I sense the
presence of hundreds more. At such times I feel a curious transfusion of
courage.
62. Photo Credits
•Historic photographs: Aldo Leopold Foundation archives
•A Sand County Almanac photographs by Michael Sewell
•David Wisnefske, Sugar River Valley Pheasants Forever, Wisconsin Environmental Education Board, Wisconsin
Environmental Education Foundation, Argyle Land Ethic Academy (ALEA)
•UW Stevens Point Freckmann Herbarium, R. Freckmann, V.Kline, E. Judziewicz, K. Kohout, D. Lee, K Sytma, R.
Kowal, P. Drobot, D. Woodland, A. Meeks, R. Bierman
•Curt Meine, (Aldo Leopold Biographer)
•Wisconsin Department of Natural Resources, Environmental Education for Kids (EEK)
•Hays Cummins, Miami of Ohio University
•Leopold Education Project, Ed Pembleton
•Bird Pictures by Bill Schmoker
•Pheasants Forever, Roger Hill
•Ruffed Grouse Society
•US Fish and Wildlife Service and US Forest Service
•Eric Engbretson
•James Kurz
•Owen Gromme Collection
•John White & Douglas Cooper
•National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA)
•Ohio State University Extension, Buckeye Yard and Garden Online
•New Jersey University, John Muir Society, Artchive.com, and Labor Law Talk