Philosophy and Social Media 4: Gift Economics and Collaborative Consumption
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This document discusses the rise of collaborative consumption and sharing facilitated by social media and the internet. It describes how social media platforms foster a sense of community and sharing through collaborative lifestyles. Reputation systems have emerged that determine users' reputations based on their social media contributions. The financial crisis of 2008 catalyzed collaborative consumption as people valued experiences over ownership. Philosophers like Nietzsche and Foucault discuss the virtues of gift-giving and developing an "art of life" approach for the digital age centered around nomadism, communalism and mindfulness.
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Philosophy and Social Media 4: Gift Economics and Collaborative Consumption
- 2. Call of the crowd • Tribal values: a sense of belonging to an online tribe - a community of people united by common values and interests
- 3. The „saving power‟ of social media The more we spend our lives online, and our products and appliances communicate online, the more the 'real' world is duplicated as data • Social media sites are data-harvesting engines; prosumers are data-resource • Heidegger: „Where the danger is, there lies the saving power also‟ • Social media creates prosumers. It thereby fosters a social culture based in: • Sharing • Trust • Reciprocity
- 4. The rise of collaborative consumption 2010: TIME Magazine names collaborative consumption as an idea that will change the world • Sharing promoted by sustainability movement • Facilitated by internet • Boosted by financial crisis
- 6. „Collaborative consumption started online - by posting comments and sharing files, code, photos, videos, an d knowledge. And now we have reached a powerful inflection point, where we are starting to apply the same collaborative principles and sharing behaviours to other physical areas of our everyday lives‟.
- 7. What is collaborative consumption? „[A]n emerging socioeconomic groundswell: the old stigmatized C‟s associated with coming together and “sharing” – cooperatives, collectives, and communes – are being refreshed and reinvented… We call this groundswell Collaborative Consumption‟. Rachel Botsman and Roo Rogers, What’s Mine is Yours: The Rise of Collaborative Consumption (2010)
- 8. What is collaborative consumption?
- 11. What is collaborative consumption? Botsman and Rogers distinguish three kinds of collaborative consumption service: 1. Product service systems 2. Redistribution markets 3. Collaborative lifestyles
- 12. Rise of collaborative consumption • 2008 financial crisis: a catalytic moment for collaborative consumption. • Brian Chesky (CEO of AirBnB): ‘People realized that they are not defined by the things they own, they are defined by the experiences they have’ • Social experiences are the intrinsic goods at the heart of the sharing economy
- 13. The joy of the gift • Gifters earn reputation and prestige for gifts • Recipients feel indebted to gifters. Mauss argues that the gift creates a „feeling bond‟ that unites parties in a tribe • Reputation, prestige, and social solidarity: the intrinsic goods of gift economies
- 15. The rise of reputation systems
- 16. The rise of reputation systems
- 17. TrustCloud: real time reputation metrics • Gathers information from numerous social media services and algorithmically determines your reputation based on the nature and frequency of contributions.
- 18. TrustCloud: real time reputation metrics • Gathers information from numerous social media services and algorithmically determines your reputation based on the nature and frequency of contributions.
- 22. The rise of collaborative consumption
- 23. Build a reputation through virtuous gifts • Gift-giving should be empowering • If it depletes you, you are doing it wrong
- 24. Nietzsche and the gift-giving virtue • Friedrich Nietzsche (1988-1900) • Gift Giving Virtue (Thus Spoke Zarathustra): „health‟ = abundant creativity • Abundance from Latin ab-unda, meaning the wave that overflows • „Bless the cup that wants to overflow…‟ • Abundant heart „surges broad and full like a river‟
- 25. Nietzsche and the gift-giving virtue • „My city is great!‟; „My house has this extra room‟; „I‟m not using my car, would anyone like to hire it?‟
- 26. Foucault and the art of life • Anti-naturalism: the self is not given, it is made and remade • The „art of life‟ of ancient Greece and Rome
- 27. Foucault and the art of life We need an „art of life‟ for the age of social media • Nomadism - agility, curiosity, inquisitiveness • Communalism - care, generosity, mutualism • Mindfulness - presence, integrity, authenticity.
Editor's Notes
- CarNextDoor: P2P car-sharing. Launched recently in the eastern suburbs with 32 cars signed up. They need 200+ to make money. Where is the confidence coming from?
- Gift shift is being driven by the success of social media. So on a cultural level, we are already moving beyond social media: social is not about Facebook and Twitter, it’s about a way of working together to create value.
- Miicard and Scaffold provide identity verification services. Legit is a cross-platform reputation service for P2P services.
- Trustcloud and Connect.me are reputation systems for social web users.
- What’s the reputational value of social interactions online? If I see that someone is consistently social, and that people respond positively to their sociality, it suggests to me that they are a 'friendly', if nothing else.
- P2P is cool but it’s a popularity contest. Brittany Spears would rate highly a pop icon if she could get enough fans on the system. This would reflect her reputation as a pop icon, but does this make her more trustworthy than anyone else? I guess she is a reliable pop icon – that’s the point.