The document discusses two topics in one or two sentences each: waray and the renaissance movement. It provides very little context or details about either topic, making a concise 3 sentence summary challenging without inferring or speculating beyond what is directly stated.
The document discusses the culture and literature of the Western Visayas region in the Philippines. It describes the indigenous Ati people who originally settled the island of Panay and their language Kinaray-a. It mentions landmarks like Mount Madia-as and festivals like Binirayan. The provinces of Antique and Iloilo are characterized as having beautiful architecture and being known for agriculture, especially rice. The main forms of traditional oral literature discussed include riddles, songs, tales, poems, and rituals. Christian influences are also seen in traditions like Pasyon and Flores de Mayo.
General Linguistics is concerned with the scientific study of language in general rather than specific languages. It aims to understand language's role in human life and how it is organized to serve human needs and functions. General Linguistics has four main goals: 1) describe and trace the history of observable languages, 2) determine universal forces that shape all languages, 3) define its scope and relationship to other fields, and 4) provide data to social sciences.
The document discusses mother tongue-based multilingual education (MTB-MLE). It explains that MTB-MLE uses the student's mother tongue and additional languages in the classroom. Students first learn in their mother tongue to build a strong foundation before adding other languages. Research shows that using a child's mother tongue leads to better educational outcomes. The document outlines the components of MTB-MLE implementation in the Philippines, including teacher training, curriculum development, and advocacy efforts to promote MTB-MLE nationwide.
Dialect (Regiolect, Socilect, Language vs Dialect)Imran Rabbane
There are two main types of language varieties: dialects and languages. A dialect is a variety of a language that is characteristic of a particular group, such as a regional dialect like American English or a social dialect spoken by different social classes. The key difference between a dialect and a separate language is mutual intelligibility - varieties that are mutually intelligible are considered dialects, while mutually unintelligible varieties are considered separate languages. However, the distinction between dialects and languages is not always clear-cut and can depend on social and political factors as much as linguistic ones.
This document discusses the complex relationship between language and dialect. It begins by defining key terms like language, dialect, accent, and register. It then examines different ways languages and dialects have been categorized, such as by mutual intelligibility, prestige, size, and through the family tree model of tracing linguistic descent. However, the document notes there is no clear distinction between language and dialect, as variations exist on a continuum. Factors like politics, history and social perceptions further complicate defining and delimiting languages versus dialects.
The impact of mother tongues in the learning of english language (3)Malieque
This document outlines a research proposal that aims to investigate the impact of mother tongues on learning English language at Muchenga Secondary School. It begins with background context on the school and issues with pronunciation. The research problem is stated as probing the effects of mother tongue interference on English acquisition. The rationale is given as developing interest in solving pronunciation problems. The objectives are to investigate the relationship between mother tongue and English, how learners write and pronounce English words, and provide guidelines to help students. Critical research questions and hypotheses are also presented. The document concludes by outlining the expected timeline and dissemination of results.
The document discusses two topics in one or two sentences each: waray and the renaissance movement. It provides very little context or details about either topic, making a concise 3 sentence summary challenging without inferring or speculating beyond what is directly stated.
The document discusses the culture and literature of the Western Visayas region in the Philippines. It describes the indigenous Ati people who originally settled the island of Panay and their language Kinaray-a. It mentions landmarks like Mount Madia-as and festivals like Binirayan. The provinces of Antique and Iloilo are characterized as having beautiful architecture and being known for agriculture, especially rice. The main forms of traditional oral literature discussed include riddles, songs, tales, poems, and rituals. Christian influences are also seen in traditions like Pasyon and Flores de Mayo.
General Linguistics is concerned with the scientific study of language in general rather than specific languages. It aims to understand language's role in human life and how it is organized to serve human needs and functions. General Linguistics has four main goals: 1) describe and trace the history of observable languages, 2) determine universal forces that shape all languages, 3) define its scope and relationship to other fields, and 4) provide data to social sciences.
The document discusses mother tongue-based multilingual education (MTB-MLE). It explains that MTB-MLE uses the student's mother tongue and additional languages in the classroom. Students first learn in their mother tongue to build a strong foundation before adding other languages. Research shows that using a child's mother tongue leads to better educational outcomes. The document outlines the components of MTB-MLE implementation in the Philippines, including teacher training, curriculum development, and advocacy efforts to promote MTB-MLE nationwide.
Dialect (Regiolect, Socilect, Language vs Dialect)Imran Rabbane
There are two main types of language varieties: dialects and languages. A dialect is a variety of a language that is characteristic of a particular group, such as a regional dialect like American English or a social dialect spoken by different social classes. The key difference between a dialect and a separate language is mutual intelligibility - varieties that are mutually intelligible are considered dialects, while mutually unintelligible varieties are considered separate languages. However, the distinction between dialects and languages is not always clear-cut and can depend on social and political factors as much as linguistic ones.
This document discusses the complex relationship between language and dialect. It begins by defining key terms like language, dialect, accent, and register. It then examines different ways languages and dialects have been categorized, such as by mutual intelligibility, prestige, size, and through the family tree model of tracing linguistic descent. However, the document notes there is no clear distinction between language and dialect, as variations exist on a continuum. Factors like politics, history and social perceptions further complicate defining and delimiting languages versus dialects.
The impact of mother tongues in the learning of english language (3)Malieque
This document outlines a research proposal that aims to investigate the impact of mother tongues on learning English language at Muchenga Secondary School. It begins with background context on the school and issues with pronunciation. The research problem is stated as probing the effects of mother tongue interference on English acquisition. The rationale is given as developing interest in solving pronunciation problems. The objectives are to investigate the relationship between mother tongue and English, how learners write and pronounce English words, and provide guidelines to help students. Critical research questions and hypotheses are also presented. The document concludes by outlining the expected timeline and dissemination of results.
Effects of mother tongue on student’s performanceFarhanaFaizu
1) Mother tongue language disrupts the smoothness of communication between students as it interrupts the use of proper English.
2) Students with a lack of confidence tend to use their mother tongue instead of English, which affects their performance in terms of communication.
3) A student's language background can impact their performance, as those without a strong English language foundation may struggle more with communication.
The document provides information on Panayanon literature and the languages and cultures of various provinces located in Western Visayas in the Philippines. The major points are:
- The major languages of the region are Hiligaynon, Akeanon, and Kinaray-a which are spoken in different provinces.
- Details are given on the provinces of Aklan, Antique, Capiz, Iloilo, Guimaras, and Negros Occidental, including their capital cities, histories, cultures and festivals.
- Examples of traditional Panayanon literary forms like ambahan, balak, paktakon, hurubaton and haya are described.
Phonology is the study of sound systems in languages. It has four branches: segmental phonology which analyzes speech into discrete segments like phonemes; suprasegmental phonology which analyzes features over multiple segments like intonation and stress; diachronic phonology which studies sound patterns through a language's history; and synchronic phonology which studies sound patterns regardless of historical change. Phonology also examines phones which are minimal speech units, phonemes which are distinctive minimal units, and allophones which are variants of phonemes that occur in different phonetic environments. A syllable contains a sonority peak like a vowel with optional onset and coda consonants. Syllable structure and distinctive features are also
The document discusses syntax, which are the rules that govern sentence structure in languages. It defines syntax as the mental representation of a speaker's linguistic knowledge about sentence formation. The key components of syntax include parts of speech, phrase structure trees, grammaticality, ambiguity, and the infinite potential for sentence formation through recursive rules.
Children acquire language through a complex interaction between innate cognitive abilities and environmental factors like social interaction and modified input from caregivers. While children have an innate language acquisition device, language development is also shaped by children's cognitive development and their social environment where they learn through interaction.
The document discusses pragmatics, which is the study of how language is used in context and why people use language in particular ways. It provides examples of how the meaning of the word "ball" changes based on the context and discusses different types of context including physical, epistemic, linguistic, and social context. It also discusses speech acts, direct and indirect speech acts, felicity conditions for different speech acts, and Grice's cooperative principle and maxims of conversation. Finally, it discusses language use in advertising and provides discourse analysis examples.
This document provides an introduction to the field of linguistics. It defines linguistics as the scientific study of language and discusses how it differs from traditional grammar in being descriptive rather than prescriptive. The document outlines the scope of linguistics, dividing it into micro- and macrolinguistics. Microlinguistics includes the study of phonetics, phonology, morphology, syntax, semantics and pragmatics. Macrolinguistics encompasses sociolinguistics, psycholinguistics, neurolinguistics and other fields. It also discusses the usefulness of linguistics for students of language, teachers and researchers.
The document discusses the study of semantics, which is the study of meaning in language. It examines topics such as symbol and referent, conceptions of meaning, denotation and connotation, ambiguity, metaphor and more. Semantics includes the study of how meaning is constructed and interpreted through language.
Morphology is the study of word structure and formation. It involves breaking words down into smaller meaningful units called morphemes, which can be free or bound. Free morphemes can stand alone as words, while bound morphemes need to be attached to other morphemes to form words. There are several types of morphemes and word formation processes, including affixes, roots, stems, coinages, borrowing, calquing, and clipping. Morphological analysis involves identifying the morphemes within words.
The document presents an overview of theories of second language acquisition (SLA). It discusses domains to consider in an SLA theory, including that SLA involves cognitive variations and is intertwined with culture learning. Several SLA theories are then summarized, including Krashen's Input Hypothesis with its sub-hypotheses, cognitive models focusing on attention and implicit/explicit knowledge, and Long's Interaction Hypothesis emphasizing the role of modified interaction between learners and native speakers. The theories represent innatist, cognitive, and social constructivist perspectives on SLA.
The document provides a broad overview of the field of linguistics, covering several topics including:
- Comparative methods and prominent linguists such as Noam Chomsky
- Subfields like phonology, morphology, syntax, semantics, and pragmatics
- Sociolinguistics and how languages change over time
- Generative grammar and Systemic Functional Linguistics
- Semantics and pragmatics, discussing how meaning depends on context
- Linguistic typology and classifying languages by structural features
Mother Tongue Based - Multilingual Education (MTB-MLE) in PhilippinesDåLé Rǝnomǝron
This document discusses mother tongue-based multilingual education (MTB-MLE) in the Philippines. It defines key terms like mother tongue and multilingual. MTB-MLE uses the children's mother tongue in the classroom to facilitate learning Filipino and English. The goals are to develop cognitive skills to operate in different languages, and to preserve Philippine culture. The Department of Education implemented MTB-MLE for 12 languages, and recently added 7 more dialects. Benefits include reduced dropout rates, repetition, and increased student attendance and learning. Not using the mother tongue can lead to learning difficulties and loss of heritage language and culture.
This document discusses language variation and varieties. It defines key terms such as language, dialect, and varieties. Some main points:
- No two speakers speak exactly the same way and an individual's speech varies across situations.
- Language varieties refer to different forms of language influenced by social factors like region, social class, individual, and situation.
- A dialect is a language variety spoken by a community that has distinguishing phonological, lexical, and grammatical features.
- Varieties refer to sets of linguistic items associated with external social factors like a geographical area and social group.
- Dialects are influenced by various social factors and everyone speaks at least one dialect. Standard dialects have more prestige than others due
This presentation was provided by Steph Pollock of The American Psychological Association’s Journals Program, and Damita Snow, of The American Society of Civil Engineers (ASCE), for the initial session of NISO's 2024 Training Series "DEIA in the Scholarly Landscape." Session One: 'Setting Expectations: a DEIA Primer,' was held June 6, 2024.
How to Fix the Import Error in the Odoo 17Celine George
An import error occurs when a program fails to import a module or library, disrupting its execution. In languages like Python, this issue arises when the specified module cannot be found or accessed, hindering the program's functionality. Resolving import errors is crucial for maintaining smooth software operation and uninterrupted development processes.
Effects of mother tongue on student’s performanceFarhanaFaizu
1) Mother tongue language disrupts the smoothness of communication between students as it interrupts the use of proper English.
2) Students with a lack of confidence tend to use their mother tongue instead of English, which affects their performance in terms of communication.
3) A student's language background can impact their performance, as those without a strong English language foundation may struggle more with communication.
The document provides information on Panayanon literature and the languages and cultures of various provinces located in Western Visayas in the Philippines. The major points are:
- The major languages of the region are Hiligaynon, Akeanon, and Kinaray-a which are spoken in different provinces.
- Details are given on the provinces of Aklan, Antique, Capiz, Iloilo, Guimaras, and Negros Occidental, including their capital cities, histories, cultures and festivals.
- Examples of traditional Panayanon literary forms like ambahan, balak, paktakon, hurubaton and haya are described.
Phonology is the study of sound systems in languages. It has four branches: segmental phonology which analyzes speech into discrete segments like phonemes; suprasegmental phonology which analyzes features over multiple segments like intonation and stress; diachronic phonology which studies sound patterns through a language's history; and synchronic phonology which studies sound patterns regardless of historical change. Phonology also examines phones which are minimal speech units, phonemes which are distinctive minimal units, and allophones which are variants of phonemes that occur in different phonetic environments. A syllable contains a sonority peak like a vowel with optional onset and coda consonants. Syllable structure and distinctive features are also
The document discusses syntax, which are the rules that govern sentence structure in languages. It defines syntax as the mental representation of a speaker's linguistic knowledge about sentence formation. The key components of syntax include parts of speech, phrase structure trees, grammaticality, ambiguity, and the infinite potential for sentence formation through recursive rules.
Children acquire language through a complex interaction between innate cognitive abilities and environmental factors like social interaction and modified input from caregivers. While children have an innate language acquisition device, language development is also shaped by children's cognitive development and their social environment where they learn through interaction.
The document discusses pragmatics, which is the study of how language is used in context and why people use language in particular ways. It provides examples of how the meaning of the word "ball" changes based on the context and discusses different types of context including physical, epistemic, linguistic, and social context. It also discusses speech acts, direct and indirect speech acts, felicity conditions for different speech acts, and Grice's cooperative principle and maxims of conversation. Finally, it discusses language use in advertising and provides discourse analysis examples.
This document provides an introduction to the field of linguistics. It defines linguistics as the scientific study of language and discusses how it differs from traditional grammar in being descriptive rather than prescriptive. The document outlines the scope of linguistics, dividing it into micro- and macrolinguistics. Microlinguistics includes the study of phonetics, phonology, morphology, syntax, semantics and pragmatics. Macrolinguistics encompasses sociolinguistics, psycholinguistics, neurolinguistics and other fields. It also discusses the usefulness of linguistics for students of language, teachers and researchers.
The document discusses the study of semantics, which is the study of meaning in language. It examines topics such as symbol and referent, conceptions of meaning, denotation and connotation, ambiguity, metaphor and more. Semantics includes the study of how meaning is constructed and interpreted through language.
Morphology is the study of word structure and formation. It involves breaking words down into smaller meaningful units called morphemes, which can be free or bound. Free morphemes can stand alone as words, while bound morphemes need to be attached to other morphemes to form words. There are several types of morphemes and word formation processes, including affixes, roots, stems, coinages, borrowing, calquing, and clipping. Morphological analysis involves identifying the morphemes within words.
The document presents an overview of theories of second language acquisition (SLA). It discusses domains to consider in an SLA theory, including that SLA involves cognitive variations and is intertwined with culture learning. Several SLA theories are then summarized, including Krashen's Input Hypothesis with its sub-hypotheses, cognitive models focusing on attention and implicit/explicit knowledge, and Long's Interaction Hypothesis emphasizing the role of modified interaction between learners and native speakers. The theories represent innatist, cognitive, and social constructivist perspectives on SLA.
The document provides a broad overview of the field of linguistics, covering several topics including:
- Comparative methods and prominent linguists such as Noam Chomsky
- Subfields like phonology, morphology, syntax, semantics, and pragmatics
- Sociolinguistics and how languages change over time
- Generative grammar and Systemic Functional Linguistics
- Semantics and pragmatics, discussing how meaning depends on context
- Linguistic typology and classifying languages by structural features
Mother Tongue Based - Multilingual Education (MTB-MLE) in PhilippinesDåLé Rǝnomǝron
This document discusses mother tongue-based multilingual education (MTB-MLE) in the Philippines. It defines key terms like mother tongue and multilingual. MTB-MLE uses the children's mother tongue in the classroom to facilitate learning Filipino and English. The goals are to develop cognitive skills to operate in different languages, and to preserve Philippine culture. The Department of Education implemented MTB-MLE for 12 languages, and recently added 7 more dialects. Benefits include reduced dropout rates, repetition, and increased student attendance and learning. Not using the mother tongue can lead to learning difficulties and loss of heritage language and culture.
This document discusses language variation and varieties. It defines key terms such as language, dialect, and varieties. Some main points:
- No two speakers speak exactly the same way and an individual's speech varies across situations.
- Language varieties refer to different forms of language influenced by social factors like region, social class, individual, and situation.
- A dialect is a language variety spoken by a community that has distinguishing phonological, lexical, and grammatical features.
- Varieties refer to sets of linguistic items associated with external social factors like a geographical area and social group.
- Dialects are influenced by various social factors and everyone speaks at least one dialect. Standard dialects have more prestige than others due
This presentation was provided by Steph Pollock of The American Psychological Association’s Journals Program, and Damita Snow, of The American Society of Civil Engineers (ASCE), for the initial session of NISO's 2024 Training Series "DEIA in the Scholarly Landscape." Session One: 'Setting Expectations: a DEIA Primer,' was held June 6, 2024.
How to Fix the Import Error in the Odoo 17Celine George
An import error occurs when a program fails to import a module or library, disrupting its execution. In languages like Python, this issue arises when the specified module cannot be found or accessed, hindering the program's functionality. Resolving import errors is crucial for maintaining smooth software operation and uninterrupted development processes.
How to Setup Warehouse & Location in Odoo 17 InventoryCeline George
In this slide, we'll explore how to set up warehouses and locations in Odoo 17 Inventory. This will help us manage our stock effectively, track inventory levels, and streamline warehouse operations.
ISO/IEC 27001, ISO/IEC 42001, and GDPR: Best Practices for Implementation and...PECB
Denis is a dynamic and results-driven Chief Information Officer (CIO) with a distinguished career spanning information systems analysis and technical project management. With a proven track record of spearheading the design and delivery of cutting-edge Information Management solutions, he has consistently elevated business operations, streamlined reporting functions, and maximized process efficiency.
Certified as an ISO/IEC 27001: Information Security Management Systems (ISMS) Lead Implementer, Data Protection Officer, and Cyber Risks Analyst, Denis brings a heightened focus on data security, privacy, and cyber resilience to every endeavor.
His expertise extends across a diverse spectrum of reporting, database, and web development applications, underpinned by an exceptional grasp of data storage and virtualization technologies. His proficiency in application testing, database administration, and data cleansing ensures seamless execution of complex projects.
What sets Denis apart is his comprehensive understanding of Business and Systems Analysis technologies, honed through involvement in all phases of the Software Development Lifecycle (SDLC). From meticulous requirements gathering to precise analysis, innovative design, rigorous development, thorough testing, and successful implementation, he has consistently delivered exceptional results.
Throughout his career, he has taken on multifaceted roles, from leading technical project management teams to owning solutions that drive operational excellence. His conscientious and proactive approach is unwavering, whether he is working independently or collaboratively within a team. His ability to connect with colleagues on a personal level underscores his commitment to fostering a harmonious and productive workplace environment.
Date: May 29, 2024
Tags: Information Security, ISO/IEC 27001, ISO/IEC 42001, Artificial Intelligence, GDPR
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Training: ISO/IEC 27001 Information Security Management System - EN | PECB
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A workshop hosted by the South African Journal of Science aimed at postgraduate students and early career researchers with little or no experience in writing and publishing journal articles.
How to Make a Field Mandatory in Odoo 17Celine George
In Odoo, making a field required can be done through both Python code and XML views. When you set the required attribute to True in Python code, it makes the field required across all views where it's used. Conversely, when you set the required attribute in XML views, it makes the field required only in the context of that particular view.
This presentation includes basic of PCOS their pathology and treatment and also Ayurveda correlation of PCOS and Ayurvedic line of treatment mentioned in classics.
LAND USE LAND COVER AND NDVI OF MIRZAPUR DISTRICT, UPRAHUL
This Dissertation explores the particular circumstances of Mirzapur, a region located in the
core of India. Mirzapur, with its varied terrains and abundant biodiversity, offers an optimal
environment for investigating the changes in vegetation cover dynamics. Our study utilizes
advanced technologies such as GIS (Geographic Information Systems) and Remote sensing to
analyze the transformations that have taken place over the course of a decade.
The complex relationship between human activities and the environment has been the focus
of extensive research and worry. As the global community grapples with swift urbanization,
population expansion, and economic progress, the effects on natural ecosystems are becoming
more evident. A crucial element of this impact is the alteration of vegetation cover, which plays a
significant role in maintaining the ecological equilibrium of our planet.Land serves as the foundation for all human activities and provides the necessary materials for
these activities. As the most crucial natural resource, its utilization by humans results in different
'Land uses,' which are determined by both human activities and the physical characteristics of the
land.
The utilization of land is impacted by human needs and environmental factors. In countries
like India, rapid population growth and the emphasis on extensive resource exploitation can lead
to significant land degradation, adversely affecting the region's land cover.
Therefore, human intervention has significantly influenced land use patterns over many
centuries, evolving its structure over time and space. In the present era, these changes have
accelerated due to factors such as agriculture and urbanization. Information regarding land use and
cover is essential for various planning and management tasks related to the Earth's surface,
providing crucial environmental data for scientific, resource management, policy purposes, and
diverse human activities.
Accurate understanding of land use and cover is imperative for the development planning
of any area. Consequently, a wide range of professionals, including earth system scientists, land
and water managers, and urban planners, are interested in obtaining data on land use and cover
changes, conversion trends, and other related patterns. The spatial dimensions of land use and
cover support policymakers and scientists in making well-informed decisions, as alterations in
these patterns indicate shifts in economic and social conditions. Monitoring such changes with the
help of Advanced technologies like Remote Sensing and Geographic Information Systems is
crucial for coordinated efforts across different administrative levels. Advanced technologies like
Remote Sensing and Geographic Information Systems
9
Changes in vegetation cover refer to variations in the distribution, composition, and overall
structure of plant communities across different temporal and spatial scales. These changes can
occur natural.
it describes the bony anatomy including the femoral head , acetabulum, labrum . also discusses the capsule , ligaments . muscle that act on the hip joint and the range of motion are outlined. factors affecting hip joint stability and weight transmission through the joint are summarized.
2. Philippine Dialects
• There are no fewer than 120 dialects all over the country
• Most come from the Austronesian language
• There are 19 auxiliary languages namely Aklanon, Bikol, Cebuano,
Chavacano, Hiligaynon, Ibanag, Ilocano, Ivatan, Kapampangan,
Kinaray-a, Maguindanao, Maranao, Pangasinan, Sambal, Surigaonon,
Tagalog, Tausug, Waray, Yakan
• 8 are considered major dialects in the country. They are, in increasing
order of number of speakers, Pangasinan, Bikol, Kapampangan, Waray,
Hiligaynon, Ilocano, Cebuano, Tagalog