This presentation covers the history of various governing structures and why democracy provides superior results. It then explains that open source is a form of democracy, compared to the methods used by proprietary software producers. It covers the many benefits Postgres has enjoyed using an open development model, and how its future remains bright.
Online Petitioning Through Data Exploration and What We Found There: A Datase...Pablo Aragón
Dataset paper presented at ICWSM-18:
The Internet has become a fundamental resource for activism as it facilitates political mobilization at a global scale. Petition platforms are a clear example of how thousands of people around the world can contribute to social change. Avaaz.org, with a presence in over 200 countries, is one of the most popular of this type. However, little research has focused on this platform, probably due to a lack of available data.
In this work we retrieved more than 350K petitions, standardized their field values, and added new information using language detection and named-entity recognition. To motivate future research with this unique repository of global protest, we present a first exploration of the dataset. In particular, we examine how social media campaigning is related to the success of petitions, as well as some geographic and linguistic findings about the worldwide community of Avaaz.org. We conclude with example research questions that could be addressed with our dataset.
This presentation covers the history of various governing structures and why democracy provides superior results. It then explains that open source is a form of democracy, compared to the methods used by proprietary software producers. It covers the many benefits Postgres has enjoyed using an open development model, and how its future remains bright.
Online Petitioning Through Data Exploration and What We Found There: A Datase...Pablo Aragón
Dataset paper presented at ICWSM-18:
The Internet has become a fundamental resource for activism as it facilitates political mobilization at a global scale. Petition platforms are a clear example of how thousands of people around the world can contribute to social change. Avaaz.org, with a presence in over 200 countries, is one of the most popular of this type. However, little research has focused on this platform, probably due to a lack of available data.
In this work we retrieved more than 350K petitions, standardized their field values, and added new information using language detection and named-entity recognition. To motivate future research with this unique repository of global protest, we present a first exploration of the dataset. In particular, we examine how social media campaigning is related to the success of petitions, as well as some geographic and linguistic findings about the worldwide community of Avaaz.org. We conclude with example research questions that could be addressed with our dataset.
This is not the final slideshow for The Internet as Playground and Factory conference, but I will probably use a modified version of it. Some slides are borrowed, in that case the notefield mentions the origin.
Peer-to-peer does not just refer to the technical infrastructure that we are building, but to the social relationships that it enables, and which are poised to fundamentally change the logic of our economics and civilization.
Innovation is leaving the exclusive world of the enterprise and democracy is leaving the exclusive world of political representation, in order to be more firmly located within the bottom-up processes of civil society. What will those changes bring as challenges and opportunities?
The presentation on the politics of Web 2.0. will focus on the political implications of value creation by users, and how the potential conflict between private monetazation and common production can play out in the future.
IS in a micro-scale democratic experiment as seen by its participantsJan Martinek
This deck, presented at BOBCATSSS 2015, accompanies a case study of the use of an information system (IS) as a component of a procedure (of a democratic experiment) designed to enhance the complexity of a public discourse and the transparency of a newly established political institution—a grants commission subsidizing students' side-projects in an university setting.
Representative democracy is defined and justified by its relation to the governed—the public. It is therefore vital to understand and confront issues that threaten to undermine that relation. Two problems that are frequently discussed are the over-simplification of complex issues in the public discourse, and overshadowing of the political under the thick veil of professional politics.
Consumer behavior
Week 2 of 13 of the 2007 Internet Marketing Course. Content is based in part on Dann, S and Dann S 2004 Strategic Internet Marketing 2.0, Milton: Wiley. Diagrams taken from the Dann and Dann text are copyright to their respective copyright holders.
When Ostrom Meets Blockchain: Exploring the Potentials of Blockchain for Comm...eraser Juan José Calderón
When Ostrom Meets Blockchain: Exploring the Potentials of Blockchain for Commons Governance by David Rozas (drozas@ucm.es), Antonio Tenorio-Fornés (antoniotenorio@ucm.es), Silvia
1 2
Díaz-Molina (smdmolina@ucm.es), and Samer Hassan (shassan@cyber.harvard.edu)
Reimagining global democracy from world parliament to global digital delibe...Democracy Club
Globalisation presents the latest challenge to democracy, as rules made at the global level lack the consent of the world’s people. As a solution to this, several scholars propose a world parliament, but such an institution would struggle to be effective and legitimate. Instead, global democracy should be reimagined as a decentralised and networked form of governance, as can be seen in digital deliberation and participation. While digital democracy will grow over several decades, there are aspects that can be applied in the shorter term to democratise existing global governance institutions, particularly through non-electoral accountability. Potential criticisms of this model include fears over the relationship between capitalism and democracy, and the representative nature and capability of digital users, but responses can be made to each of these criticisms. Further research should aim to build a more robust evidence base for the development of global digital democracy and suggest actions to pursue it.
Today's network, the internet, has already shown itself to be the agent of great change. In this talk I'm going to look at some of the new ways politics is coming to ordinary people and some of the incredible opportunities for the future. We have the potential to re-imagine the very core of our democratic system - but how can we do this without leaving people behind?
Distribution
Week 10 of 13 of the 2007 Internet Marketing Course. Content is based in part on Dann, S and Dann S 2004 Strategic Internet Marketing 2.0, Milton: Wiley. Diagrams taken from the Dann and Dann text are copyright to their respective copyright holders.
“Software is eating the world” said Netscape founder Marc Andreessen in his Wall Street Journal 2011 op-ed to describe how digital technology has transformed the world of business. We divide the disruption into two stages; efficient pipelines disrupting inefficient pipelines and platforms disrupting pipelines. Most Internet applications during the 1990s involved the creation of highly efficient pipelines—online systems for distributing goods and services that out-competed incumbent industries. Online pipelines tended to have very low marginal costs of distribution—sometimes as low as zero. This allowed them to target and serve large markets with much smaller investment. We are now in stage two where platforms disrupt pipelines. They bring news sources of supply to market, change value consumption by facilitating new forms of consumer behavior, change quality control through crowd sourced curation, and bring new market middlemen by aggregating fragmented markets.
Infrastructure Matters: a Call for DecentralizationSamer Hassan
We are frequently told to consume responsibly (organic, local, coop). And it's common techies ask you to use responsibly: choosing free/open source software. Still, I invite you to think for one moment on the infrastructure behind our daily work. Technology is not neutral, but inherently political, and so are the apps that we use everyday. This presentation reviews the problems of the centralized infrastructure we tipically use, and the emerging decentralized alternatives.
Note: The CC BY license applies to the text, not to the images, which are used under Fair Use.
ELECTION SYSTEM BASED ON BLOCKCHAIN TECHNOLOGYijcsit
There is no uncertainty that the chroma currency is very popular for the transaction information stored in the block of blocks. To initiate the importance of blocking, there is only one distributed ledger in which data is stored, since many of the centers in the blockchain network limit enough records for these records. This document proposes a decision-making framework based on innovation to create a secure, unjustifiable, accurate and transparent framework for voter privacy. In addition, it is voted and declared in this context that the race has a short period of time, since it is automatically registered in the table. This framework also gives society confidence in its legislation when applying this technique. In this framework, an administrator can add a candidate and a voter to the block. In different hands, a voter can log into the framework and then decide in favor of a candidate that the details of the vote should be stored in the block. In addition, each square in the blockchain innovation that relates to the previous square contains the hash of the previous square, and each square contains explicit data based on the square footage. The hub is connected by a peer network in this framework, with all the hubs in the block site network that have a complete duplicate block.
Equnix Business Solutions (Equnix) is an IT Solution provider in Indonesia, providing comprehensive solution services especially on the infrastructure side for corporate business needs based on research and Open Source. Equnix has 3 (three) main services known as the Trilogy of Services: Support (Maintenance/Managed), World class level of Software Development, and Expert Consulting and Assessment for High Performance Transactions System. Equnix is customer oriented, not product or principal. Equal opportunity based on merit is our credo in managing HR development.
Kebocoran Data_ Tindakan Hacker atau Kriminal_ Bagaimana kita mengantisipasi...Equnix Business Solutions
Equnix Business Solutions (Equnix) is an IT Solution provider in Indonesia, providing comprehensive solution services especially on the infrastructure side for corporate business needs based on research and Open Source. Equnix has 3 (three) main services known as the Trilogy of Services: Support (Maintenance/Managed), World class level of Software Development, and Expert Consulting and Assessment for High Performance Transactions System. Equnix is customer oriented, not product or principal. Equal opportunity based on merit is our credo in managing HR development.
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This is not the final slideshow for The Internet as Playground and Factory conference, but I will probably use a modified version of it. Some slides are borrowed, in that case the notefield mentions the origin.
Peer-to-peer does not just refer to the technical infrastructure that we are building, but to the social relationships that it enables, and which are poised to fundamentally change the logic of our economics and civilization.
Innovation is leaving the exclusive world of the enterprise and democracy is leaving the exclusive world of political representation, in order to be more firmly located within the bottom-up processes of civil society. What will those changes bring as challenges and opportunities?
The presentation on the politics of Web 2.0. will focus on the political implications of value creation by users, and how the potential conflict between private monetazation and common production can play out in the future.
IS in a micro-scale democratic experiment as seen by its participantsJan Martinek
This deck, presented at BOBCATSSS 2015, accompanies a case study of the use of an information system (IS) as a component of a procedure (of a democratic experiment) designed to enhance the complexity of a public discourse and the transparency of a newly established political institution—a grants commission subsidizing students' side-projects in an university setting.
Representative democracy is defined and justified by its relation to the governed—the public. It is therefore vital to understand and confront issues that threaten to undermine that relation. Two problems that are frequently discussed are the over-simplification of complex issues in the public discourse, and overshadowing of the political under the thick veil of professional politics.
Consumer behavior
Week 2 of 13 of the 2007 Internet Marketing Course. Content is based in part on Dann, S and Dann S 2004 Strategic Internet Marketing 2.0, Milton: Wiley. Diagrams taken from the Dann and Dann text are copyright to their respective copyright holders.
When Ostrom Meets Blockchain: Exploring the Potentials of Blockchain for Comm...eraser Juan José Calderón
When Ostrom Meets Blockchain: Exploring the Potentials of Blockchain for Commons Governance by David Rozas (drozas@ucm.es), Antonio Tenorio-Fornés (antoniotenorio@ucm.es), Silvia
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Reimagining global democracy from world parliament to global digital delibe...Democracy Club
Globalisation presents the latest challenge to democracy, as rules made at the global level lack the consent of the world’s people. As a solution to this, several scholars propose a world parliament, but such an institution would struggle to be effective and legitimate. Instead, global democracy should be reimagined as a decentralised and networked form of governance, as can be seen in digital deliberation and participation. While digital democracy will grow over several decades, there are aspects that can be applied in the shorter term to democratise existing global governance institutions, particularly through non-electoral accountability. Potential criticisms of this model include fears over the relationship between capitalism and democracy, and the representative nature and capability of digital users, but responses can be made to each of these criticisms. Further research should aim to build a more robust evidence base for the development of global digital democracy and suggest actions to pursue it.
Today's network, the internet, has already shown itself to be the agent of great change. In this talk I'm going to look at some of the new ways politics is coming to ordinary people and some of the incredible opportunities for the future. We have the potential to re-imagine the very core of our democratic system - but how can we do this without leaving people behind?
Distribution
Week 10 of 13 of the 2007 Internet Marketing Course. Content is based in part on Dann, S and Dann S 2004 Strategic Internet Marketing 2.0, Milton: Wiley. Diagrams taken from the Dann and Dann text are copyright to their respective copyright holders.
“Software is eating the world” said Netscape founder Marc Andreessen in his Wall Street Journal 2011 op-ed to describe how digital technology has transformed the world of business. We divide the disruption into two stages; efficient pipelines disrupting inefficient pipelines and platforms disrupting pipelines. Most Internet applications during the 1990s involved the creation of highly efficient pipelines—online systems for distributing goods and services that out-competed incumbent industries. Online pipelines tended to have very low marginal costs of distribution—sometimes as low as zero. This allowed them to target and serve large markets with much smaller investment. We are now in stage two where platforms disrupt pipelines. They bring news sources of supply to market, change value consumption by facilitating new forms of consumer behavior, change quality control through crowd sourced curation, and bring new market middlemen by aggregating fragmented markets.
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We are frequently told to consume responsibly (organic, local, coop). And it's common techies ask you to use responsibly: choosing free/open source software. Still, I invite you to think for one moment on the infrastructure behind our daily work. Technology is not neutral, but inherently political, and so are the apps that we use everyday. This presentation reviews the problems of the centralized infrastructure we tipically use, and the emerging decentralized alternatives.
Note: The CC BY license applies to the text, not to the images, which are used under Fair Use.
ELECTION SYSTEM BASED ON BLOCKCHAIN TECHNOLOGYijcsit
There is no uncertainty that the chroma currency is very popular for the transaction information stored in the block of blocks. To initiate the importance of blocking, there is only one distributed ledger in which data is stored, since many of the centers in the blockchain network limit enough records for these records. This document proposes a decision-making framework based on innovation to create a secure, unjustifiable, accurate and transparent framework for voter privacy. In addition, it is voted and declared in this context that the race has a short period of time, since it is automatically registered in the table. This framework also gives society confidence in its legislation when applying this technique. In this framework, an administrator can add a candidate and a voter to the block. In different hands, a voter can log into the framework and then decide in favor of a candidate that the details of the vote should be stored in the block. In addition, each square in the blockchain innovation that relates to the previous square contains the hash of the previous square, and each square contains explicit data based on the square footage. The hub is connected by a peer network in this framework, with all the hubs in the block site network that have a complete duplicate block.
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Equnix Business Solutions (Equnix) is an IT Solution provider in Indonesia, providing comprehensive solution services especially on the infrastructure side for corporate business needs based on research and Open Source. Equnix has 3 (three) main services known as the Trilogy of Services: Support (Maintenance/Managed), World class level of Software Development, and Expert Consulting and Assessment for High Performance Transactions System. Equnix is customer oriented, not product or principal. Equal opportunity based on merit is our credo in managing HR development.
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Session Overview
-------------------------------------------
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Knowledge engineering: from people to machines and back
PGConf.ASIA 2019 Bali - Keynote Speech 1 - Bruce Momjian
1. The Democratization of Databases
BRUCE MOMJIAN
Democratic governments have a long history of success, with some
setbacks. This talk explains how democratic principles underpin the
success of the open source relational database Postgres.
Creative Commons Attribution License http://momjian.us/presentations
Last updated: August, 2019
1 / 39
2. Outline
1. History of governance structures
2. Strengths of each structure
3. Efficiency and messiness of democracy
4. Ultimate success of democracy
5. Software governance history
6. Where does this leave Postgres?
7. Democracy in action
8. Conclusion
2 / 39
3. 1. History of Governance Structures
Pnyx Hill, Athens https://www.flickr.com/photos/wallyg/
3 / 39
4. Autocracy
◮ Single person or small group in power
◮ Examples
◮ dictatorship, e.g., Syria
◮ absolute monarchy, e.g., Saudi Arabia
◮ communist, e.g., North Korea
◮ First governing structure
4 / 39
5. Representative Democracy
◮ First established in ancient Athens
◮ Historically only a small group of the population could vote
◮ Elect representatives to vote on issues
5 / 39
6. 2. Strengths of Each Structure
Chepstow Castle, Wales https://www.flickr.com/photos/damiavos/
6 / 39
7. Autocracy Strengths
◮ Good for focusing a fixed amount of resources on a clear goal
◮ Examples
◮ Space exploration
◮ War
7 / 39
8. Democracy Strengths
◮ Allows rapid adjustment for unclear goals
◮ Emboldens talent to act near the problem
◮ Expands the pool of talent
◮ Examples
◮ consumer goods
◮ software
8 / 39
9. 3. Efficiency and Messiness of Democracy
Madison, Wisconsin https://www.flickr.com/photos/dennisdeery/
9 / 39
10. Efficiency of Democracy
◮ Unleashes a flurry of activity based on agency, i.e., personal
power
◮ Fluidity of solutions
10/ 39
11. Messiness of Democracy
◮ Hard to predict behavior
◮ Problems can get stuck
◮ Difficulty with large projects that span multiple elections
◮ Direct democracy rarely tried, yielded mixed results
11/ 39
12. 4. Ultimate Success of Democracy
Moscow https://www.flickr.com/photos/varfolomeev/
12/ 39
13. Democracy’s Checkered History
◮ First democracy in Athens, suspended during wars
◮ Roman democracy ended in dictatorship
◮ Middle Ages, Magna Carta, Renaissance
◮ American Revolution, black and women’s voting rights
◮ French Revolution leads to monarchy
13/ 39
15. Democracy in the Past 200 Years
https://ourworldindata.org/democracy
15/ 39
16. Democracy in the Past 40 Years
https://www.pewresearch.org/fact-tank/2019/05/14/more-than-half-of-countries-are-democratic/
16/ 39
17. 5. Software Governance History
Redwood City, California https://www.flickr.com/photos/nzdave/
17/ 39
18. Proprietary Autocracy
◮ Executives make decisions
◮ input from sales and marketing
◮ indirectly from customers
◮ Decision matrix
◮ “If we do this, what percentage of customers will we gain?”
◮ “If we don’t, what percentage of customers will we lose?”
◮ gains are more sensitive to the decision than losses
◮ do gains or avoided losses justify the implementation costs?
18/ 39
19. Open Source Democracy
◮ Mix of direct democracy and meritocracy
◮ Voting can be problematic
◮ Sometimes too much feedback
◮ bike shedding
◮ Bad decisions can be quickly corrected, i.e., easy to revert
◮ No reliable road map
19/ 39
20. Internet Makes Direct Democracy Possible
◮ Easy to share ideas and iterate new solutions
◮ Rapid global communication
20/ 39
21. Autocratic Development Flow
Developers Users
Sales
Testing/Retesting
Release
Fix Bugs
Project Meetings
Design Meetings
Work in Isolation
Receive Software
Acceptance Tests
Resolve Problems
Install
Production
Resolve Issues
21/ 39
23. Hybrid Development Models
◮ Single company controls development
◮ Open source distribution
◮ Uses autocratic decision matrix
◮ Lacks democratic feedback
◮ More comfortable for users transitioning from proprietary since
there is a single company to contact
◮ Examples
◮ MySQL, MariaDB
◮ MongoDB
https://www.techrepublic.com/article/
mongodb-ceo-tells-hard-truths-about-commercial-open-source/
23/ 39
24. 6. Where Does This Leave Postgres?
https://www.flickr.com/photos/tomas_vondra/
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25. Postgres Wins Because Democracy Wins
◮ Uses democracy to attract talent
◮ talent pool can easily compete with proprietary staff
◮ Superior feedback and decision matrix lead to success
◮ This is a challenge for niche software
◮ Setbacks still possible
25/ 39
26. Rise of Open Source
Time
Open Source
Closed Source
Features
Performance
Reliability
26/ 39
27. 7. Democracy in Action
https://www.flickr.com/photos/tomas_vondra/
27/ 39
31. Foreign Data Wrappers
◮ 100+ interfaces to foreign data
◮ Read/write
◮ Sophisticated push down of joins, sorts, and aggregates
http://momjian.us/main/writings/pgsql/central.pdf
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33. PostGIS
◮ PostGIS is a full-featured Geographical Information
System (GIS)
◮ Implemented as a extension
◮ Independent development team and community
https://postgis.net/
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36. Voting
◮ Committers nominate new committers
◮ Core nominates new core
◮ Development is open to all, even occasional visitors
◮ “Let the best idea win!”
◮ “Where did that guy come from?”
◮ Focus talent like a lens on every task
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37. Roadmap
◮ Individuals and political parties have roadmaps
◮ Democratic governments don’t
◮ Developers and companies have roadmaps
◮ Postgres doesn’t
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