Power Point about the causes and effect

1. War in Iraq:
Persian Gulf War II aka
Operation Iraqi Freedom
2003-2011

2. Why did it start?
• enforce peace agreement from PG War I
• WMDs
• ultimatum to Hussein
• bring democracy
• revenge?
• 9/11?

3. Coalition of the Willing
• Afghanistan • Ethiopia
• Albania • Italy
• Australia • Japan
• Bulgaria • Nicaragua
• Colombia • Philippines
• Czech Republic • Romania
• Denmark • S. Korea
• El Salvador • Poland
• Eritrea • Spain
• Estonia • United Kingdom
Who is missing?

4. Quotes Leading Up to War
• ...”The Iraqi soldiers and officers must ask
themselves whether they want to die fighting for a
doomed regime.” --Rumsfeld
• “I really do believe that we will be greeted as
liberators.” --Cheney
• “He has proven instead only his contempt for the
United Nations and for all of his pledges. By
breaking every pledge, by his deceptions and by his
cruelties, Saddam Hussein has made the case
against himself.”

5. President Bush Speech (17 March 2003)
“[The Iraqi regime] has a deep hatred of America and our friends and it has
aided, trained and harboured terrorists, including operatives of al-Qaeda.”
“The United States and other nations did nothing to deserve or
invite this threat, but we will do everything to defeat it.”
“The United States of America has the sovereign authority to use
force in assuring its own national security.”
“Saddam Hussein and his sons must leave Iraq within 48 hours. Their refusal
to do so will result in military conflict commenced at a time of our choosing.”

6. Congress says...
• House vote: 296 to 133
• Senate vote: 77 to 23 (Wyden voted against)

7. Pre-War PR Blitz?
• creation of Office of Global Communication
• $200,000,000 spent to “persuade critical target
groups [at home and overseas] that the Iraqi
leader must be ousted.”

8. Effects--On the bright side
• “Shock and Awe”
• horrible dictator (and his sons) were removed
from power
• no bio or chem weapons were used
• introduction of democracy
• most U.S. troops have rotated out

9. Costs
• Human cost: KIA, PTSD, WIA, Iraqi civilians
• Financial: $2 trillion and growing
• Credibility gap: domestic and abroad
• embedded reporters
• fueled hatred of the USA by extremists

10. Costs
May 1, 2003

11. 4,326 US KIA
32,221 WIA