The presence of six fungicides (azoxystrobin, cyprodinil, fludioxonil, mepanipyrim, pyrimethanil, and tetraconazole) did not negatively affect alcoholic fermentation by two yeasts (Saccharomyces cerevisiae and Kloeckera apiculata), and in some cases stimulated higher alcohol production. During malolactic fermentation by two lactic acid bacteria (Leuconostoc oenos and Lactobacillus plantarum), malic acid degradation was slightly lower in the presence of pesticides, except for mepanipyrim which had little effect. The fermentative microorganisms did not degrade or remove the
Clinical isolates of urinary tract infection and candidiasis inhibited by T. ...Diganta Dey
This document summarizes a study that evaluated the antimicrobial activity of extracts from Terminalia arjuna bark. Methanol and water extracts were tested against bacterial and fungal clinical isolates. The methanol extract showed higher total phenolic and flavonoid content. Both extracts inhibited the growth of pathogenic bacteria like S. aureus and fungi like Candida species. Minimum inhibitory concentration values ranged from 0.04-1 mg/mL. Comet assay results also indicated that the extracts induced DNA damage in Candida tropicalis. Overall, the study demonstrated the antibacterial and antifungal properties of T. arjuna bark extracts.
IJPCBS 2012, 2(1), 110-116 Kavya et al. ISSN: 2249-9504
110
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF PHARMACEUTICAL, CHEMICAL AND BIOLOGICAL SCIENCES
Available online at www.ijpcbs.com
ISOLATION AND SCREENING OF STREPTOMYCES SP. FROM
CORINGA MANGROVE SOILS FOR ENZYME PRODUCTION AND
ANTIMICROBIAL ACTIVITY
M. Kavya Deepthi1*, M. Solomon Sudhakar1 and M. Nagalakshmi Devamma2 1Department of Biotechnology, Rajalakshmi Engineering College, Thandalam, 2Department of Botany, Sri Venkateswara University, Tirupati, Andhra Pr Taadmesihln, aInddui,a I.n dia.
Detection of Slime-Producing Staphylococcus aureus Strains Isolated from Food...Agriculture Journal IJOEAR
This study evaluated the antibacterial activity of organic extracts from Azorella trifurcata and Mulinum echegarayii plants against Staphylococcus aureus strains isolated from foods. Four S. aureus strains produced biofilm as detected by two methods. Extracts showed antibacterial activity against tested S. aureus strains, with M. echegarayii 30:70% AcOEt:HEX extract exhibiting the strongest inhibition at 1000 μg/ml. This extract was also effective against the non-biofilm producing control strain. In general, MBC values were slightly higher than MIC values. The results suggest these plant extracts may provide natural alternatives for controlling biofilm-producing S. aureus in the food industry.
Plant growth promoting characterization of soil bacteria isolated from petrol...Agriculture Journal IJOEAR
Abstract— Contaminant-degrading bacteria can be included among the plant-growth promoting bacteria; because the presence of contaminants, in general produce negatively effects on plant’s growth; thus, the elimination of the inhibiting contaminants will benefit them. Although contaminant-degrading strains have been traditionally isolated from various environments; the number of studies that reported the isolation and identification of soil bacteria with contaminant- degrading abilities have increased. The aim of this study was to characterized microbial strains isolated from petroleum contaminated soil by plant growth promotion traits to recommend them as potential bioinoculants. In this work, five of the six soil isolates were classified as Indole Acetic Acid higher producers and only one of them as lower producer. Sporosarcina aquimarina strain -Q3 and Bacillus cereus strain +F2 tested in Axonopus affinis plantlets bioassay, showed that these isolates were the most effective promoters of this plant species; therefore, these soil bacteria with possible hydrocarbon degradation ability could be considered as potential bioinoculants and can be recommended with a practical importance for the rhizoremediation of petroleum contaminated sites and plant growth promotion.
This document summarizes a study that isolated and characterized lactic acid bacteria from various environmental samples. 21 lactic acid bacteria isolates were obtained from milk, water, soil and plant samples. 10 were identified as Lactobacillus, 3 as Enterococcus, 2 as Staphylococcus, 5 as Lactococcus, and 1 as Leuconostoc based on biochemical and physiological tests. 6 of the isolates were found to harbor plasmids. Further characterization identified 3 isolates as Enterococcus faecium and 1 each as Weissella confusa, Pediococcus pentosaceus, and Staphylococcus epidermidis based on 16S rRNA gene sequencing. Some isolates showed inhibitory activity
This document summarizes a study that isolated and identified bacteria and fungi associated with palm wine sold in Gboko Metropolis, Nigeria. Samples were collected from four locations and 11 total microbial isolates were obtained from Tarukpe joints, including 6 bacteria and 5 fungi. The rates of contamination were 42.9% for bacteria and 33.3% for fungi, likely due to poor handling and sanitation. Common isolates included Saccharomyces cerevisiae yeast and Lactobacillus, Bacillus, and Staphylococcus bacteria. The presence of S. cerevisiae aligned with previous reports. Overall, the study found microbial contamination of palm wine due to unsanitary collection and selling practices.
The document describes a study that evaluated a new combined method for detecting Listeria monocytogenes in environmental and food samples using ActeroTM Listeria Enrichment Media followed by detection with the DuPontTM BAX® System Real-Time PCR assay. The study compared the new method to USDA-FSIS MLG 8.09 and US FDA BAM 10 reference methods using inoculated samples of various foods and surfaces. The results demonstrated that the new combined method performed statistically equivalent or superior to the reference culture methods, with significantly reduced time to detection of L. monocytogenes. Independent laboratory validation studies further confirmed the high accuracy and reliability of the new method.
Clinical isolates of urinary tract infection and candidiasis inhibited by T. ...Diganta Dey
This document summarizes a study that evaluated the antimicrobial activity of extracts from Terminalia arjuna bark. Methanol and water extracts were tested against bacterial and fungal clinical isolates. The methanol extract showed higher total phenolic and flavonoid content. Both extracts inhibited the growth of pathogenic bacteria like S. aureus and fungi like Candida species. Minimum inhibitory concentration values ranged from 0.04-1 mg/mL. Comet assay results also indicated that the extracts induced DNA damage in Candida tropicalis. Overall, the study demonstrated the antibacterial and antifungal properties of T. arjuna bark extracts.
IJPCBS 2012, 2(1), 110-116 Kavya et al. ISSN: 2249-9504
110
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF PHARMACEUTICAL, CHEMICAL AND BIOLOGICAL SCIENCES
Available online at www.ijpcbs.com
ISOLATION AND SCREENING OF STREPTOMYCES SP. FROM
CORINGA MANGROVE SOILS FOR ENZYME PRODUCTION AND
ANTIMICROBIAL ACTIVITY
M. Kavya Deepthi1*, M. Solomon Sudhakar1 and M. Nagalakshmi Devamma2 1Department of Biotechnology, Rajalakshmi Engineering College, Thandalam, 2Department of Botany, Sri Venkateswara University, Tirupati, Andhra Pr Taadmesihln, aInddui,a I.n dia.
Detection of Slime-Producing Staphylococcus aureus Strains Isolated from Food...Agriculture Journal IJOEAR
This study evaluated the antibacterial activity of organic extracts from Azorella trifurcata and Mulinum echegarayii plants against Staphylococcus aureus strains isolated from foods. Four S. aureus strains produced biofilm as detected by two methods. Extracts showed antibacterial activity against tested S. aureus strains, with M. echegarayii 30:70% AcOEt:HEX extract exhibiting the strongest inhibition at 1000 μg/ml. This extract was also effective against the non-biofilm producing control strain. In general, MBC values were slightly higher than MIC values. The results suggest these plant extracts may provide natural alternatives for controlling biofilm-producing S. aureus in the food industry.
Plant growth promoting characterization of soil bacteria isolated from petrol...Agriculture Journal IJOEAR
Abstract— Contaminant-degrading bacteria can be included among the plant-growth promoting bacteria; because the presence of contaminants, in general produce negatively effects on plant’s growth; thus, the elimination of the inhibiting contaminants will benefit them. Although contaminant-degrading strains have been traditionally isolated from various environments; the number of studies that reported the isolation and identification of soil bacteria with contaminant- degrading abilities have increased. The aim of this study was to characterized microbial strains isolated from petroleum contaminated soil by plant growth promotion traits to recommend them as potential bioinoculants. In this work, five of the six soil isolates were classified as Indole Acetic Acid higher producers and only one of them as lower producer. Sporosarcina aquimarina strain -Q3 and Bacillus cereus strain +F2 tested in Axonopus affinis plantlets bioassay, showed that these isolates were the most effective promoters of this plant species; therefore, these soil bacteria with possible hydrocarbon degradation ability could be considered as potential bioinoculants and can be recommended with a practical importance for the rhizoremediation of petroleum contaminated sites and plant growth promotion.
This document summarizes a study that isolated and characterized lactic acid bacteria from various environmental samples. 21 lactic acid bacteria isolates were obtained from milk, water, soil and plant samples. 10 were identified as Lactobacillus, 3 as Enterococcus, 2 as Staphylococcus, 5 as Lactococcus, and 1 as Leuconostoc based on biochemical and physiological tests. 6 of the isolates were found to harbor plasmids. Further characterization identified 3 isolates as Enterococcus faecium and 1 each as Weissella confusa, Pediococcus pentosaceus, and Staphylococcus epidermidis based on 16S rRNA gene sequencing. Some isolates showed inhibitory activity
This document summarizes a study that isolated and identified bacteria and fungi associated with palm wine sold in Gboko Metropolis, Nigeria. Samples were collected from four locations and 11 total microbial isolates were obtained from Tarukpe joints, including 6 bacteria and 5 fungi. The rates of contamination were 42.9% for bacteria and 33.3% for fungi, likely due to poor handling and sanitation. Common isolates included Saccharomyces cerevisiae yeast and Lactobacillus, Bacillus, and Staphylococcus bacteria. The presence of S. cerevisiae aligned with previous reports. Overall, the study found microbial contamination of palm wine due to unsanitary collection and selling practices.
The document describes a study that evaluated a new combined method for detecting Listeria monocytogenes in environmental and food samples using ActeroTM Listeria Enrichment Media followed by detection with the DuPontTM BAX® System Real-Time PCR assay. The study compared the new method to USDA-FSIS MLG 8.09 and US FDA BAM 10 reference methods using inoculated samples of various foods and surfaces. The results demonstrated that the new combined method performed statistically equivalent or superior to the reference culture methods, with significantly reduced time to detection of L. monocytogenes. Independent laboratory validation studies further confirmed the high accuracy and reliability of the new method.
An Investigation Into The Mechanisms Underlying Enhanced Biosulphidogenesis I...iosrjce
Anthropogenic activities like mining, processes of metallurgy and other chemical industries lead to
the discharge of a high amount of sulphate into the environment that causes serious problems to human health.
This paper illustrates the employment of thermophilic sulphate reducing bacteria for biosulphidogenesis. Two
different species have been isolated from hot water spring of Vajreshwari and Ganeshpuri,Thane, Maharashtra,
INDIA.The mechanism involved in biosulphidogenesis includes production of specific protein as well as
liberation of some extracellular polymeric compound (EPS) e.g. proteins, carbohydrate, acids etc. that are
produced during the microbial cell metabolism. These compounds plays an important role in the faster
reduction of sulphate and decrease in production rate of sulphide.The isolate was found to be of genus
Bacillusand type strain was found to be subtilis Zankar and licheniformis Sonali. The strain sequence were
deposited in NCBI database with accession number KJ939324 and KJ939325 respectively. The result highlights
the potential use of these organism in biosulphidogenesis.
17.Physicochemical characterization of Indole acetic acid oxidase from Altern...Annadurai B
This document describes a study that characterized the physicochemical properties of indole acetic acid oxidase (IAA oxidase) from Alternaria cepulae. The researchers found that the optimum pH for IAA oxidase activity was 5.5, and the optimum temperature was 40°C. Gel chromatography determined the molecular weight of IAA oxidase to be 30,000 daltons. The study provides information on the purification and characterization of IAA oxidase from A. cepulae which is involved in leaf blight disease of onions.
46.Purification of indole acetic acid oxidase produced by Alternaria cepulae ...Annadurai B
This document describes the purification of indole acetic acid oxidase (IAAO), an auxin-degrading enzyme, produced by the fungus Alternaria cepulae during leaf blight disease of onions. The enzyme was purified from culture filtrate of A. cepulae using ammonium sulfate precipitation and two column chromatography steps - CM-Trisacryl ion exchange column and Ultrogel gel filtration column. This resulted in an 85.5-fold purification of IAAO with a 58.6% yield. Tests including PAGE, SDS-PAGE, isoelectric focusing, immunodiffusion and immuno-electrophoresis confirmed the homogeneity of the purified enzyme.
FoodChek_White Paper_Combined Method BAX Listeria Genus Actero ListeriaSergey Olishevsky
The document describes a study that evaluated a new combined method for detecting Listeria species in environmental and food samples. The method involves enriching samples for 20-26 hours in ActeroTM Listeria Enrichment Media followed by detection of Listeria using the DuPontTM BAX® System Real-Time PCR assay. The study found that this new combined method performed equally well or better than standard reference methods for detecting Listeria in stainless steel, plastic, sealed concrete, frankfurters, spinach, cheese, shrimp and salmon samples. The new method provided results in about half the time as reference methods, offering an improved solution for rapid Listeria monitoring in the food industry.
International Journal of Pharmaceutical Science Invention (IJPSI) is an international journal intended for professionals and researchers in all fields of Pahrmaceutical Science. IJPSI publishes research articles and reviews within the whole field Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Science, new teaching methods, assessment, validation and the impact of new technologies and it will continue to provide information on the latest trends and developments in this ever-expanding subject. The publications of papers are selected through double peer reviewed to ensure originality, relevance, and readability. The articles published in our journal can be accessed online.
The study evaluated the antimicrobial effects of the salivary proteins lactoferrin and lysozyme on Streptococcus mutans and Lactobacillus casei using broth macrodilution and agar diffusion methods. Lysozyme showed bactericidal and bacteriostatic effects on both microorganisms, with minimum inhibitory concentrations of 58.7 mg/mL for S. mutans and 43.1 mg/mL for L. casei. Lactoferrin did not have any inhibitory effects on either microorganism, even at a concentration of 200 mg/mL. There was also no observed synergistic antimicrobial effect when the proteins were tested together.
In vitro Antimicrobial Activity Screening of Rheum rhabarbarum Rootsinventionjournals
Rheum rhabarbarum, which is commonly known as rhubarb, has been used as a medicinal herb in different countries. Especially its roots are known to be a traditional medicine in different cultures. Mesir paste was prepared about 500 years ago during Ottoman period as a medicinal paste and R. rhabarbarum was one of its ingredients. In this study the in vitro antimicrobial activity of ethanol extract of R. rhabarbarum roots was investigated against 17 bacterial and 1 fungal strain, namely, Bacillus subtilis DSMZ 1971, Candida albicans DSMZ 1386, Enterobacter aerogenes ATCC 13048, Enterococcus durans, Enterococcus faecalis ATCC 29212, Enterococcus faecium, Escherichia coli ATCC 25922, Klebsiella pneumoniae, Listeria innocula, Listeria monocytogenes ATCC 7644, Pseudomonas aeruginosa DSMZ 50071, Pseudomonas fluorescence P1, Salmonella enteritidis ATCC 13075, Salmonella infantis, Salmonella kentucky, Salmonella typhimurium SL 1344, Staphylococcus aureus ATCC 25923 and Staphylococcus epidermidis DSMZ 20044 by using the disk diffusion method. It is observed that ethanol extracts of R. rhabarbarum root extracts has antimicrobial activity against all microorganims tested
This document discusses sterilization of nutrient media for penicillin fermentation. It provides details on sterilization temperature and time for media, inoculation, fermentation parameters like temperature, pH and dissolved oxygen control. It also describes the analytical method used for detection of penicillin G production using HPLC. The results showed that increased sterilization temperature improved penicillin G production rate but was less cost effective due to higher energy requirements. Longer sterilization time was also found to have negative impact on production in some cases.
Isolation and identification by pcr and analysis for probioticAlexander Decker
This document summarizes a study that isolated and characterized Lactobacillus bacteria from dairy products in Iraq. Ten Lactobacillus isolates were obtained from 88 dairy samples using conventional culturing and identified using PCR and biochemical tests. The isolates were tested for probiotic properties including growth at different pH levels and salt concentrations as well as antimicrobial activity against pathogens. The Lactobacillus isolates produced inhibitory substances with broad-spectrum antimicrobial activity against enteric pathogens, demonstrating their potential protective effects.
Isolation and partial characterization of a new strain of Klebsiella pneumoni...GJESM Publication
1) Researchers isolated a new bacterial strain, BA11, from soil near an oil mill that is capable of fermenting glycerol to produce 1,3-propanediol (1,3 PDO).
2) The strain was identified as Klebsiella pneumoniae BA11 through biochemical and genetic analysis.
3) K. pneumoniae BA11 was found to be a fast growing strain, producing the highest amount of 1,3 PDO (8.3 g/L) within 6 hours when cultured in medium containing 20 g/L of glycerol.
Optimum Conditions for Alginaseby Bacilllus Circulans R Isolateiosrphr_editor
The IOSR Journal of Pharmacy (IOSRPHR) is an open access online & offline peer reviewed international journal, which publishes innovative research papers, reviews, mini-reviews, short communications and notes dealing with Pharmaceutical Sciences( Pharmaceutical Technology, Pharmaceutics, Biopharmaceutics, Pharmacokinetics, Pharmaceutical/Medicinal Chemistry, Computational Chemistry and Molecular Drug Design, Pharmacognosy & Phytochemistry, Pharmacology, Pharmaceutical Analysis, Pharmacy Practice, Clinical and Hospital Pharmacy, Cell Biology, Genomics and Proteomics, Pharmacogenomics, Bioinformatics and Biotechnology of Pharmaceutical Interest........more details on Aim & Scope).
Optimization of process parameters for l asparaginase production by aspergill...eSAT Journals
Abstract L-asparaginase (L-asparagine amido hydrolase, E.C.3.5.1.1) is an extra cellular enzyme that has received considerable attention since it is used as an anticancer agent. L-asparaginase belongs to an amidase group that hydrolyses the amide bond in L-asparagine to aspartic acid and ammonia. The clinical action of this enzyme as an anti-carcinogenic is attributed to the reduction of L-asparagine; tumour cells unable to synthesise this amino acid are selectively killed by L-asparagine deprivation. L-Asparaginase has its application in food industry also. It helps in reducing the content of acrylamide in baked food products by hydrolysing the L-asparagine. L-Asparaginase is majorly produced by microorganisms including bacteria, yeast and fungi. The potential of Aspergillus terreus MTCC 1782 using cauliflower stalk: corn ears (3.75: 1.25) as substrate under SSF is the purpose of the study. Solid state fermentation (SSF) is a very effective technique opposed to submerged fermentation in various aspects. Various fermentation parameters such as types of agro material, their ratios, carbon source, nitrogen source, inoculum level, moisture content, temperature, pH, fermentation time, metal salts, and L-asparagine concentration, which influence the rate of enzyme production under SSF, were optimized. The optimized production of L-asparaginase has been obtained at 35°C for 4 days with a pH of 9.0, along with 50% moisture content, and 20% inoculum volume as the optimized fermentation conditions. The optimization was done using a ‘one-factor-at-a-time’ approach. The highest yield was obtained with, sucrose (1%w/v), ammonium sulphate (1%w/v), NaCl (1%w/v), L-asparagine (1%w/w), added to the fermentation medium, as supplements. Use of cauliflower stalk along with corn ear as potential raw materials for enzyme production could be of great commercial significance. Keywords: L-asparaginase, chemotherapeutic agent, Aspergillus terreus, SSF, mixed substrate, optimization
This study evaluated the toxicity and antimicrobial activity of the aqueous extract of leaves of Hyptis crenata Pohl ex Benth. The toxicity test on Artemia salina found an LC50 value of 1028.30 μg/mL, considered non-toxic. The antimicrobial assay showed inhibition halos only against gram-negative bacteria Escherichia coli and Pseudomonas aeruginosa, indicating antibacterial activity. These results suggest H. crenata as a potential source of bioactive metabolites, and further research is needed to identify its active principles through monitored studies.
4. optimization of culture condition for enhanced decolorization of reactive ...Darshan Rudakiya
Many synthetic azo dyes and their metabolites are toxic, carcinogenic, and
mutagenic so removal of azo dyes using cost-effective and eco-friendly method is
major aspect.Comamonas acidovorans MTCC 3364 has been routinely reported for
different steroid bioconversion and heavy metal removal. The main purpose of this
study is to check the decolorization efficiency of Comamonas acidovorans MTCC
3364 for different dyes and to optimize the condition which gives maximum
decolorization of Reactive Orange 16 dye. The effect of various physicochemical
parameters including condition, carbon and nitrogen sources, temperature,pH and
dye concentration were studied. The % decolorization of dye was determined by
UV Visible spectroscopy. This bacterial strain efficiently decolorizes Reactive
Orange 16 at 37oC, pH 6.85 within 24 hours giving 99.03 ± 0.5 % dye
decolorization under optimum environmental conditions.
This document reports on the isolation and characterization of a denitrifying Acinetobacter baumannii strain H1 that was isolated from shrimp farming ponds. Strain H1 was able to use nitrite as its sole nitrogen source and showed high nitrite removal rates. It was identified as A. baumannii through biochemical testing and phylogenetic analysis of its 16S rRNA gene. PCR analysis detected key denitrification genes in strain H1. In vitro experiments demonstrated that strain H1 was able to remove nitrite effectively over a wide range of pH, temperatures, and cell densities. Tests also showed that strain H1 was non-pathogenic to mammals and shrimp. This study suggests that A. baumannii strain H
8- IJRANSS-ANTIMICROBIAL POTENTIAL OF MARINE ACTINOMYCETESRavindragouda Patil
- 47 actinomycetes were isolated from mangrove swamp samples in Tamil Nadu, India, with most isolated from sediment.
- 34 isolates exhibited antagonism against shrimp pathogens Vibrio alginolyticus, V. harveyi, and V. parahaemolyticus.
- Isolate A10 showed the strongest inhibitory activity against all three pathogens, inhibiting growth by ≥20mm.
- Isolate A10 was identified as Streptomyces spp. based on chemotaxonomic and microscopic analysis.
This document discusses the effect of tannic acid on laccase production in the white-rot fungus Coriolopsis gallica. The study found that adding tannic acid to the growth media increased extracellular laccase levels and laccase gene transcription in C. gallica. Specifically, concentrations of 50 and 100 μM tannic acid significantly increased laccase activity compared to control cultures without tannic acid. The results demonstrate that tannic acid induces laccase activity in C. gallica by enhancing expression of the laccase gene at the transcriptional level.
Impact of anthelmintic efficacy of Calotropis procera on tegumental enzymes o...iosrphr_editor
The IOSR Journal of Pharmacy (IOSRPHR) is an open access online & offline peer reviewed international journal, which publishes innovative research papers, reviews, mini-reviews, short communications and notes dealing with Pharmaceutical Sciences( Pharmaceutical Technology, Pharmaceutics, Biopharmaceutics, Pharmacokinetics, Pharmaceutical/Medicinal Chemistry, Computational Chemistry and Molecular Drug Design, Pharmacognosy & Phytochemistry, Pharmacology, Pharmaceutical Analysis, Pharmacy Practice, Clinical and Hospital Pharmacy, Cell Biology, Genomics and Proteomics, Pharmacogenomics, Bioinformatics and Biotechnology of Pharmaceutical Interest........more details on Aim & Scope).
The document discusses the future of customer experience. It begins by explaining that every interaction a customer has with a company, such as shipping a package or calling an insurance provider, is part of a service system. Good service design can transform a company's image and improve people's lives. The document then discusses how companies are now focusing on customer experience, which encompasses the full interaction from first hearing about a company to receiving a product. It also discusses how customers hire products and services to get jobs done in their lives, not just buy products.
This document shows a series of before and after images demonstrating the power of Photoshop. Each pair of images shows an unedited "Before" photo alongside the same photo after it has been edited and enhanced using Photoshop, with adjustments made to lighting, color, composition and other visual elements. The document serves as an example of the transformative abilities of Photoshop and digital photo editing software.
Technology Transfer Social Media Tools You Can Use to Promote Commercializationasauers
Learn how others are using LinkedIn, Wikipedia, Twitter, Google, Facebook, Crowd Sourcing, Collective IP, GitHub, and other tools to accomplish tech transfer without the logistical burdens that were needed in the past. The session will include brief overviews of several tools and how they are being applied, and a chance for attendees to share best practices with others.
An Investigation Into The Mechanisms Underlying Enhanced Biosulphidogenesis I...iosrjce
Anthropogenic activities like mining, processes of metallurgy and other chemical industries lead to
the discharge of a high amount of sulphate into the environment that causes serious problems to human health.
This paper illustrates the employment of thermophilic sulphate reducing bacteria for biosulphidogenesis. Two
different species have been isolated from hot water spring of Vajreshwari and Ganeshpuri,Thane, Maharashtra,
INDIA.The mechanism involved in biosulphidogenesis includes production of specific protein as well as
liberation of some extracellular polymeric compound (EPS) e.g. proteins, carbohydrate, acids etc. that are
produced during the microbial cell metabolism. These compounds plays an important role in the faster
reduction of sulphate and decrease in production rate of sulphide.The isolate was found to be of genus
Bacillusand type strain was found to be subtilis Zankar and licheniformis Sonali. The strain sequence were
deposited in NCBI database with accession number KJ939324 and KJ939325 respectively. The result highlights
the potential use of these organism in biosulphidogenesis.
17.Physicochemical characterization of Indole acetic acid oxidase from Altern...Annadurai B
This document describes a study that characterized the physicochemical properties of indole acetic acid oxidase (IAA oxidase) from Alternaria cepulae. The researchers found that the optimum pH for IAA oxidase activity was 5.5, and the optimum temperature was 40°C. Gel chromatography determined the molecular weight of IAA oxidase to be 30,000 daltons. The study provides information on the purification and characterization of IAA oxidase from A. cepulae which is involved in leaf blight disease of onions.
46.Purification of indole acetic acid oxidase produced by Alternaria cepulae ...Annadurai B
This document describes the purification of indole acetic acid oxidase (IAAO), an auxin-degrading enzyme, produced by the fungus Alternaria cepulae during leaf blight disease of onions. The enzyme was purified from culture filtrate of A. cepulae using ammonium sulfate precipitation and two column chromatography steps - CM-Trisacryl ion exchange column and Ultrogel gel filtration column. This resulted in an 85.5-fold purification of IAAO with a 58.6% yield. Tests including PAGE, SDS-PAGE, isoelectric focusing, immunodiffusion and immuno-electrophoresis confirmed the homogeneity of the purified enzyme.
FoodChek_White Paper_Combined Method BAX Listeria Genus Actero ListeriaSergey Olishevsky
The document describes a study that evaluated a new combined method for detecting Listeria species in environmental and food samples. The method involves enriching samples for 20-26 hours in ActeroTM Listeria Enrichment Media followed by detection of Listeria using the DuPontTM BAX® System Real-Time PCR assay. The study found that this new combined method performed equally well or better than standard reference methods for detecting Listeria in stainless steel, plastic, sealed concrete, frankfurters, spinach, cheese, shrimp and salmon samples. The new method provided results in about half the time as reference methods, offering an improved solution for rapid Listeria monitoring in the food industry.
International Journal of Pharmaceutical Science Invention (IJPSI) is an international journal intended for professionals and researchers in all fields of Pahrmaceutical Science. IJPSI publishes research articles and reviews within the whole field Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Science, new teaching methods, assessment, validation and the impact of new technologies and it will continue to provide information on the latest trends and developments in this ever-expanding subject. The publications of papers are selected through double peer reviewed to ensure originality, relevance, and readability. The articles published in our journal can be accessed online.
The study evaluated the antimicrobial effects of the salivary proteins lactoferrin and lysozyme on Streptococcus mutans and Lactobacillus casei using broth macrodilution and agar diffusion methods. Lysozyme showed bactericidal and bacteriostatic effects on both microorganisms, with minimum inhibitory concentrations of 58.7 mg/mL for S. mutans and 43.1 mg/mL for L. casei. Lactoferrin did not have any inhibitory effects on either microorganism, even at a concentration of 200 mg/mL. There was also no observed synergistic antimicrobial effect when the proteins were tested together.
In vitro Antimicrobial Activity Screening of Rheum rhabarbarum Rootsinventionjournals
Rheum rhabarbarum, which is commonly known as rhubarb, has been used as a medicinal herb in different countries. Especially its roots are known to be a traditional medicine in different cultures. Mesir paste was prepared about 500 years ago during Ottoman period as a medicinal paste and R. rhabarbarum was one of its ingredients. In this study the in vitro antimicrobial activity of ethanol extract of R. rhabarbarum roots was investigated against 17 bacterial and 1 fungal strain, namely, Bacillus subtilis DSMZ 1971, Candida albicans DSMZ 1386, Enterobacter aerogenes ATCC 13048, Enterococcus durans, Enterococcus faecalis ATCC 29212, Enterococcus faecium, Escherichia coli ATCC 25922, Klebsiella pneumoniae, Listeria innocula, Listeria monocytogenes ATCC 7644, Pseudomonas aeruginosa DSMZ 50071, Pseudomonas fluorescence P1, Salmonella enteritidis ATCC 13075, Salmonella infantis, Salmonella kentucky, Salmonella typhimurium SL 1344, Staphylococcus aureus ATCC 25923 and Staphylococcus epidermidis DSMZ 20044 by using the disk diffusion method. It is observed that ethanol extracts of R. rhabarbarum root extracts has antimicrobial activity against all microorganims tested
This document discusses sterilization of nutrient media for penicillin fermentation. It provides details on sterilization temperature and time for media, inoculation, fermentation parameters like temperature, pH and dissolved oxygen control. It also describes the analytical method used for detection of penicillin G production using HPLC. The results showed that increased sterilization temperature improved penicillin G production rate but was less cost effective due to higher energy requirements. Longer sterilization time was also found to have negative impact on production in some cases.
Isolation and identification by pcr and analysis for probioticAlexander Decker
This document summarizes a study that isolated and characterized Lactobacillus bacteria from dairy products in Iraq. Ten Lactobacillus isolates were obtained from 88 dairy samples using conventional culturing and identified using PCR and biochemical tests. The isolates were tested for probiotic properties including growth at different pH levels and salt concentrations as well as antimicrobial activity against pathogens. The Lactobacillus isolates produced inhibitory substances with broad-spectrum antimicrobial activity against enteric pathogens, demonstrating their potential protective effects.
Isolation and partial characterization of a new strain of Klebsiella pneumoni...GJESM Publication
1) Researchers isolated a new bacterial strain, BA11, from soil near an oil mill that is capable of fermenting glycerol to produce 1,3-propanediol (1,3 PDO).
2) The strain was identified as Klebsiella pneumoniae BA11 through biochemical and genetic analysis.
3) K. pneumoniae BA11 was found to be a fast growing strain, producing the highest amount of 1,3 PDO (8.3 g/L) within 6 hours when cultured in medium containing 20 g/L of glycerol.
Optimum Conditions for Alginaseby Bacilllus Circulans R Isolateiosrphr_editor
The IOSR Journal of Pharmacy (IOSRPHR) is an open access online & offline peer reviewed international journal, which publishes innovative research papers, reviews, mini-reviews, short communications and notes dealing with Pharmaceutical Sciences( Pharmaceutical Technology, Pharmaceutics, Biopharmaceutics, Pharmacokinetics, Pharmaceutical/Medicinal Chemistry, Computational Chemistry and Molecular Drug Design, Pharmacognosy & Phytochemistry, Pharmacology, Pharmaceutical Analysis, Pharmacy Practice, Clinical and Hospital Pharmacy, Cell Biology, Genomics and Proteomics, Pharmacogenomics, Bioinformatics and Biotechnology of Pharmaceutical Interest........more details on Aim & Scope).
Optimization of process parameters for l asparaginase production by aspergill...eSAT Journals
Abstract L-asparaginase (L-asparagine amido hydrolase, E.C.3.5.1.1) is an extra cellular enzyme that has received considerable attention since it is used as an anticancer agent. L-asparaginase belongs to an amidase group that hydrolyses the amide bond in L-asparagine to aspartic acid and ammonia. The clinical action of this enzyme as an anti-carcinogenic is attributed to the reduction of L-asparagine; tumour cells unable to synthesise this amino acid are selectively killed by L-asparagine deprivation. L-Asparaginase has its application in food industry also. It helps in reducing the content of acrylamide in baked food products by hydrolysing the L-asparagine. L-Asparaginase is majorly produced by microorganisms including bacteria, yeast and fungi. The potential of Aspergillus terreus MTCC 1782 using cauliflower stalk: corn ears (3.75: 1.25) as substrate under SSF is the purpose of the study. Solid state fermentation (SSF) is a very effective technique opposed to submerged fermentation in various aspects. Various fermentation parameters such as types of agro material, their ratios, carbon source, nitrogen source, inoculum level, moisture content, temperature, pH, fermentation time, metal salts, and L-asparagine concentration, which influence the rate of enzyme production under SSF, were optimized. The optimized production of L-asparaginase has been obtained at 35°C for 4 days with a pH of 9.0, along with 50% moisture content, and 20% inoculum volume as the optimized fermentation conditions. The optimization was done using a ‘one-factor-at-a-time’ approach. The highest yield was obtained with, sucrose (1%w/v), ammonium sulphate (1%w/v), NaCl (1%w/v), L-asparagine (1%w/w), added to the fermentation medium, as supplements. Use of cauliflower stalk along with corn ear as potential raw materials for enzyme production could be of great commercial significance. Keywords: L-asparaginase, chemotherapeutic agent, Aspergillus terreus, SSF, mixed substrate, optimization
This study evaluated the toxicity and antimicrobial activity of the aqueous extract of leaves of Hyptis crenata Pohl ex Benth. The toxicity test on Artemia salina found an LC50 value of 1028.30 μg/mL, considered non-toxic. The antimicrobial assay showed inhibition halos only against gram-negative bacteria Escherichia coli and Pseudomonas aeruginosa, indicating antibacterial activity. These results suggest H. crenata as a potential source of bioactive metabolites, and further research is needed to identify its active principles through monitored studies.
4. optimization of culture condition for enhanced decolorization of reactive ...Darshan Rudakiya
Many synthetic azo dyes and their metabolites are toxic, carcinogenic, and
mutagenic so removal of azo dyes using cost-effective and eco-friendly method is
major aspect.Comamonas acidovorans MTCC 3364 has been routinely reported for
different steroid bioconversion and heavy metal removal. The main purpose of this
study is to check the decolorization efficiency of Comamonas acidovorans MTCC
3364 for different dyes and to optimize the condition which gives maximum
decolorization of Reactive Orange 16 dye. The effect of various physicochemical
parameters including condition, carbon and nitrogen sources, temperature,pH and
dye concentration were studied. The % decolorization of dye was determined by
UV Visible spectroscopy. This bacterial strain efficiently decolorizes Reactive
Orange 16 at 37oC, pH 6.85 within 24 hours giving 99.03 ± 0.5 % dye
decolorization under optimum environmental conditions.
This document reports on the isolation and characterization of a denitrifying Acinetobacter baumannii strain H1 that was isolated from shrimp farming ponds. Strain H1 was able to use nitrite as its sole nitrogen source and showed high nitrite removal rates. It was identified as A. baumannii through biochemical testing and phylogenetic analysis of its 16S rRNA gene. PCR analysis detected key denitrification genes in strain H1. In vitro experiments demonstrated that strain H1 was able to remove nitrite effectively over a wide range of pH, temperatures, and cell densities. Tests also showed that strain H1 was non-pathogenic to mammals and shrimp. This study suggests that A. baumannii strain H
8- IJRANSS-ANTIMICROBIAL POTENTIAL OF MARINE ACTINOMYCETESRavindragouda Patil
- 47 actinomycetes were isolated from mangrove swamp samples in Tamil Nadu, India, with most isolated from sediment.
- 34 isolates exhibited antagonism against shrimp pathogens Vibrio alginolyticus, V. harveyi, and V. parahaemolyticus.
- Isolate A10 showed the strongest inhibitory activity against all three pathogens, inhibiting growth by ≥20mm.
- Isolate A10 was identified as Streptomyces spp. based on chemotaxonomic and microscopic analysis.
This document discusses the effect of tannic acid on laccase production in the white-rot fungus Coriolopsis gallica. The study found that adding tannic acid to the growth media increased extracellular laccase levels and laccase gene transcription in C. gallica. Specifically, concentrations of 50 and 100 μM tannic acid significantly increased laccase activity compared to control cultures without tannic acid. The results demonstrate that tannic acid induces laccase activity in C. gallica by enhancing expression of the laccase gene at the transcriptional level.
Impact of anthelmintic efficacy of Calotropis procera on tegumental enzymes o...iosrphr_editor
The IOSR Journal of Pharmacy (IOSRPHR) is an open access online & offline peer reviewed international journal, which publishes innovative research papers, reviews, mini-reviews, short communications and notes dealing with Pharmaceutical Sciences( Pharmaceutical Technology, Pharmaceutics, Biopharmaceutics, Pharmacokinetics, Pharmaceutical/Medicinal Chemistry, Computational Chemistry and Molecular Drug Design, Pharmacognosy & Phytochemistry, Pharmacology, Pharmaceutical Analysis, Pharmacy Practice, Clinical and Hospital Pharmacy, Cell Biology, Genomics and Proteomics, Pharmacogenomics, Bioinformatics and Biotechnology of Pharmaceutical Interest........more details on Aim & Scope).
The document discusses the future of customer experience. It begins by explaining that every interaction a customer has with a company, such as shipping a package or calling an insurance provider, is part of a service system. Good service design can transform a company's image and improve people's lives. The document then discusses how companies are now focusing on customer experience, which encompasses the full interaction from first hearing about a company to receiving a product. It also discusses how customers hire products and services to get jobs done in their lives, not just buy products.
This document shows a series of before and after images demonstrating the power of Photoshop. Each pair of images shows an unedited "Before" photo alongside the same photo after it has been edited and enhanced using Photoshop, with adjustments made to lighting, color, composition and other visual elements. The document serves as an example of the transformative abilities of Photoshop and digital photo editing software.
Technology Transfer Social Media Tools You Can Use to Promote Commercializationasauers
Learn how others are using LinkedIn, Wikipedia, Twitter, Google, Facebook, Crowd Sourcing, Collective IP, GitHub, and other tools to accomplish tech transfer without the logistical burdens that were needed in the past. The session will include brief overviews of several tools and how they are being applied, and a chance for attendees to share best practices with others.
A biblioteca Fernando Silva Santistevan Bernal é uma biblioteca que contém livros e recursos para estudantes e professores. Ela oferece materiais de aprendizagem em várias áreas do conhecimento para apoiar o ensino e a pesquisa.
The document discusses software protection strategies used by government-owned, contractor-operated (GOCO) national laboratories. It provides examples of successful software programs at Los Alamos National Laboratory and Idaho National Laboratory that are sustained through licensing strategies. The document also discusses federal agencies' increasing use of cloud computing and highlights some examples. Open source software licensing strategies and a patent dispute between Apple and Samsung are briefly mentioned.
Technology Development and Commercialization at Argonne National Laboratoryasauers
Argonne National Laboratory is a multidisciplinary science and engineering research center operated by the University of Chicago for the U.S. Department of Energy. With an annual budget of $650 million and about 3,000 employees, including 1,000 scientists and engineers, Argonne conducts basic and applied research across various fields such as materials science, biology, computing, and energy technologies. Argonne operates several scientific user facilities and is a leader in high-performance computing. The laboratory works to transfer its science and technologies to industry through various collaborative mechanisms including licensing agreements, joint development, and proprietary work arrangements.
Jeff Onorato perdió el uso de su brazo izquierdo y la movilidad parcial de su pierna izquierda a los 24 años debido a un accidente en motocicleta. A pesar de esto, se convirtió en instructor de esquí acuático y es el primer y único discapacitado en participar en carreras "a pies descalzos" con personas sin discapacidad. Actualmente dedica su tiempo a descubrir si es capaz de ganar nuevos desafíos.
The document summarizes research on the retail sector in India. It finds that:
1) Over 50% of Indian consumer spending is on food, with rural areas spending over 55% and urban 42%.
2) Most Indians are very price sensitive and pressure on food prices gets immediate policy attention.
3) Organized retail provides consumers with more choice, convenience and better shopping but impacts unorganized retailers through reduced sales and profits initially, though this effect lessens over time.
4) Both consumers and farmers generally benefit from organized retail through increased spending, savings, higher prices and profits. Manufacturers have adapted through branding and dedicated retailer teams.
Leveraging software disclosures into licensable technologiesasauers
This document discusses strategies for leveraging software disclosures into licensable technologies. It covers determining whether software qualifies for copyright protection, capturing relevant disclosure information, evaluating decision criteria like license requirements and compatibility, determining appropriate marketing strategies like passive hosting online or active targeted outreach, deciding between exclusive or non-exclusive licensing, and preparing principal investigators to advocate for their technologies. The overall aim is to commercialize laboratory software through copyright licensing.
The document discusses disaster preparedness and response strategies for earthquakes in Sikkim, India. It emphasizes the importance of understanding the local terrain and vulnerabilities, effective community communication and alert systems, immediate rescue and evacuation assistance from local NGOs, identifying and supporting vulnerable groups, ensuring immediate needs are met, organizing and communicating data to stakeholders, designing support for trauma, establishing temporary shelters, and facilitating the return to normal life through rebuilding and mitigation efforts. The document provides an overview of many important factors to consider after an earthquake to save lives and support communities.
Benefit vs[1][1][2][1]. risk in children's exposure to radiation for medical ...Prunariu Ludmila
The document discusses the benefits and risks of medical radiation exposure in children. It finds that chest X-rays were the most common radiological exam performed on children in hospitals, even when over 50% provided no diagnostic benefit. The absorbed radiation doses for children were three to four times higher than reference values. Improving hospital protocols could help optimize exams and lower unnecessary radiation exposure for patients.
This document discusses using Wikipedia entries to promote laboratory software by providing analytics, ranking high in searches, allowing rapid modification, and satisfying notability requirements by citing scholarly articles. It notes that laboratory software is well-suited for Wikipedia entries. It also provides guidance on creating an account, ensuring neutral point of view, and using existing entries as templates.
The document discusses the future of customer service and experience. It notes that customer experience goes beyond just customer service by being a full, end-to-end experience from first hearing about a company to receiving a purchased product. It also discusses how customer experience will be a key factor for various industries like retail, government, healthcare and finance. The retail sector in particular will be dominated by customer experience as customers have more choices and ways to access those choices through different channels.
Abstract— Roots of Panax notoginseng were fermented with 30 fungi respectively. Almost one-third of the products showed increasing antibacterial activity. All products could inhibit GST-CDC25 phosphatase as a potential antitumor agent. HPLC profiles proved that components of unfermented P. notoginseng and fermented P. notoginseng have obviously changes.
ANTIOXIDANT AND ANTIMICROBIAL ACTIVITIES OF ALGERIAN POPULUS NIGRA L. BUDS EX...bioejjournal
In organic extracts, tanins, flavonoïds, coumarins, alkaloids and terpenoïds were the principals secondary
metabolites identified from the flower buds of black poplar. Antibacterial and antifungal activities of
extracts were tested using agar-well diffusion method and micro-well determination of MIC assay against
eleven bacteria and two Candida species. It was found that extracts of black poplar buds exhibit
antibacterial and anticandidal activities with agar disk diffusion (7 to 43mm) and MIC methods (MIC=
90.33 µg/ml against several strains of bacteria and MIC=45.16 µg/ml against Candida albicans). The
antioxidant effect of hydroalcoholic extract was evaluated using DPPH and FRAP assays. It was showed
good and similar activity than ascorbic acid and BHA by DPPH method: IC50= 220µg/mL for
hydroethanol extract.
ANTIOXIDANT AND ANTIMICROBIAL ACTIVITIES OF ALGERIAN POPULUS NIGRA L. BUDS EX...bioejjournal
This study is part of a goal to investigate chemical composition, antibacterial, antifungal and antioxidant
activities of the flower buds extracts from the Algerian Polulus nigra L., which were collected from Djarifet
- mansourah at Tlemcen city in the West Northern of Algeria.
In organic extracts, tanins, flavonoïds, coumarins, alkaloids and terpenoïds were the principals secondary
metabolites identified from the flower buds of black poplar. Antibacterial and antifungal activities of
extracts were tested using agar-well diffusion method and micro-well determination of MIC assay against
eleven bacteria and two Candida species. It was found that extracts of black poplar buds exhibit
antibacterial and anticandidal activities with agar disk diffusion (7 to 43mm) and MIC methods (MIC=
90.33 µg/ml against several strains of bacteria and MIC=45.16 µg/ml against Candida albicans). The
antioxidant effect of hydroalcoholic extract was evaluated using DPPH and FRAP assays. It was showed
good and similar activity than ascorbic acid and BHA by DPPH method: IC50= 220µg/mL for
hydroethanol extract.
ANTIOXIDANT AND ANTIMICROBIAL ACTIVITIES OF ALGERIAN POPULUS NIGRA L. BUDS EX...bioejjournal
This study is part of a goal to investigate chemical composition, antibacterial, antifungal and antioxidant
activities of the flower buds extracts from the Algerian Polulus nigra L., which were collected from Djarifet
- mansourah at Tlemcen city in the West Northern of Algeria.
In organic extracts, tanins, flavonoïds, coumarins, alkaloids and terpenoïds were the principals secondary
metabolites identified from the flower buds of black poplar. Antibacterial and antifungal activities of
extracts were tested using agar-well diffusion method and micro-well determination of MIC assay against
eleven bacteria and two Candida species. It was found that extracts of black poplar buds exhibit
antibacterial and anticandidal activities with agar disk diffusion (7 to 43mm) and MIC methods (MIC=
90.33 µg/ml against several strains of bacteria and MIC=45.16 µg/ml against Candida albicans). The
antioxidant effect of hydroalcoholic extract was evaluated using DPPH and FRAP assays. It was showed
good and similar activity than ascorbic acid and BHA by DPPH method: IC50= 220µg/mL for
hydroethanol extract.
ANTIOXIDANT AND ANTIMICROBIAL ACTIVITIES OF ALGERIAN POPULUS NIGRA L. BUDS EX...bioejjournal
This study is part of a goal to investigate chemical composition, antibacterial, antifungal and antioxidant
activities of the flower buds extracts from the Algerian Polulus nigra L., which were collected from Djarifet
- mansourah at Tlemcen city in the West Northern of Algeria.
In organic extracts, tanins, flavonoïds, coumarins, alkaloids and terpenoïds were the principals secondary
metabolites identified from the flower buds of black poplar. Antibacterial and antifungal activities of
extracts were tested using agar-well diffusion method and micro-well determination of MIC assay against
eleven bacteria and two Candida species. It was found that extracts of black poplar buds exhibit
antibacterial and anticandidal activities with agar disk diffusion (7 to 43mm) and MIC methods (MIC=
90.33 μg/ml against several strains of bacteria and MIC=45.16 μg/ml against Candida albicans). The
antioxidant effect of hydroalcoholic extract was evaluated using DPPH and FRAP assays. It was showed
good and similar activity than ascorbic acid and BHA by DPPH method: IC50= 220μg/mL for
hydroethanol extract.
Antioxidant and Antimicrobial Activities Of Algerian Populus Nigra L. Buds Ex...bioejjournal
This study is part of a goal to investigate chemical composition, antibacterial, antifungal and antioxidant activities of the flower buds extracts from the Algerian Polulus nigra L., which were collected from Djarifet - mansourah at Tlemcen city in the West Northern of Algeria. In organic extracts, tanins, flavonoïds, coumarins, alkaloids and terpenoïds were the principals secondary metabolites identified from the flower buds of black poplar. Antibacterial and antifungal activities of
extracts were tested using agar-well diffusion method and micro-well determination of MIC assay against
eleven bacteria and two Candida species. It was found that extracts of black poplar buds exhibit
antibacterial and anticandidal activities with agar disk diffusion (7 to 43mm) and MIC methods (MIC=
90.33 µg/ml against several strains of bacteria and MIC=45.16 µg/ml against Candida albicans). The
antioxidant effect of hydroalcoholic extract was evaluated using DPPH and FRAP assays. It was showed good and similar activity than ascorbic acid and BHA by DPPH method: IC50= 220µg/mL for hydroethanol extract.
ANTIOXIDANT AND ANTIMICROBIAL ACTIVITIES OF ALGERIAN POPULUS NIGRA L. BUDS EX...bioejjournal
his study is part of a goal to investigate chemical composition, antibacterial, antifungal and antioxidant activities of the flower buds extracts from the Algerian Polulus nigra L., which were collected from Djarifet - mansourah at Tlemcen city in the West Northern of Algeria. In organic extracts, tanins, flavonoïds, coumarins, alkaloids and terpenoïds were the principals secondary metabolites identified from the flower buds of black poplar. Antibacterial and antifungal activities of extracts were tested using agar-well diffusion method and micro-well determination of MIC assay against eleven bacteria and two Candida species. It was found that extracts of black poplar buds exhibit antibacterial and anticandidal activities with agar disk diffusion (7 to 43mm) and MIC methods (MIC= 90.33 µg/ml against several strains of bacteria and MIC=45.16 µg/ml against Candida albicans). The antioxidant effect of hydroalcoholic extract was evaluated using DPPH and FRAP assays. It was showed good and similar activity than ascorbic acid and BHA by DPPH method: IC50= 220µg/mL for hydroethanol extract.
A series of batch and bioreactors experiments were carried out for absorption of dis-azo dyes present in
textile mill effluents under different aeration conditions. One fungal strain with five rates of air was
used to absorb direct brown dye. Five liters bioreactors were applied to study the removal performance.
The experimental results are compared for various operating conditions. The effects of airflow rate
(1/8, ¼, ½, 1, 2 v/v min) inlet on the dye removing were assessed. It was found that the rate of aeration
of ½ v/v min induced increase in dye removal percentages (72%) and fungal biomass (9.2 g); at the rate
of aeration of 2 v/v min, high dye removal percentage (77%) was recorded with a decrease in biomass
dry weight at the end of the incubation time. The results also indicated that the biomass dry weight
obtained at three flow rates of aeration was more or less similar until the end of the growth stage (after
incubation for three days). The results obtained indicate that using low rate of aeration (1/8, ¼, ½ v/v
min) was better for dye biosorption than high rate (1, 2 v/v min), and therefore it is recommended for
dis-azo dye removing.
In order to clean up soils contaminated with hydrocarbons, the bioremediation activity of Pseudomonas putida was studied. Pseudomonas putida is a bacterium that can withstand the harshest environmental conditions. It is able to metabolize a wide range of petroleum hydrocarbons which is used as a source of carbon and energy. Given the potential of this microorganism, an experiment wasconducted on this strain.
For the isolation of this microorganism, a sample ofsoil from the Vakinankaratra region in the urban commune of Antsirabe II, Madagascar was microbiologically analysed. The bacterial identification was based on a study of the morphological, physicochemical and sequential analysis of the 16S rDNA gene.
IOSRPHR(www.iosrphr.org) IOSR Journal of Pharmacyiosrphr_editor
The study evaluated the antimicrobial and phytochemical properties of organic solvent extracts of Calotropis gigantea leaves. Ethanol and methanol extracts showed the highest antimicrobial activity against bacterial and fungal pathogens compared to chloroform and n-hexane extracts. The ethanol extract was most effective against Candida albicans, Candida tropicalis, Proteus mirablis and Pseudomonas aeruginosa. Phytochemical analysis revealed the presence of cardiac glycosides, saponins, flavonoids, steroids and terpenoids in the extracts. The results confirm the antimicrobial activity of C. gigantea extracts against human pathogens.
IOSRPHR(www.iosrphr.org) IOSR Journal of Pharmacyiosrphr_editor
This study evaluated the antimicrobial and phytochemical properties of Calotropis gigantea leaf extracts. The leaves were extracted using ethanol, methanol, chloroform and n-hexane solvents. The extracts were tested for antimicrobial activity against various bacteria and fungi using the agar well diffusion method. The ethanol extract showed the highest antimicrobial activity against pathogens like Candida albicans and Proteus mirablis. Phytochemical analysis revealed the presence of compounds like alkaloids, tannins, saponins, flavonoids, terpenoids in the extracts. The results confirm that C. gigantea extracts have antibacterial and antifungal properties against human pathogens.
Qualitative and Quantitative Phytochemical Screening of Citrus Peelijtsrd
The objective of this study was to find out the presence of phytochemicals in the aqueous extracts of citrus peel of both qualitative and quantitative screening methods. In qualitative analysis, the phytochemical compounds such as alkaloids, saponin, tannin, phenol, a, flavonoids, glycosides, steroids, terpenes, flavonoid and were determined in the sample aqueous extracts by using standard methods. The aqueous extract of the citrus peel showed positive results for nine phytochemical tests. Also, quantitative analysis of the important secondary metabolites such as alkaloids, phenolic compounds, flavonoids, saponins and tannins were tested in the sample extracts. Results concluded that the presence of these active compounds may be responsible for the medicinal purposes of the plant. Arti Chandanshive | Ashpak Tamboli | Naziya Khan | Priyanka Karande "Qualitative and Quantitative Phytochemical Screening of Citrus Peel" Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-4 | Issue-5 , August 2020, URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/papers/ijtsrd33036.pdf Paper Url :https://www.ijtsrd.com/pharmacy/other/33036/qualitative-and-quantitative-phytochemical-screening-of-citrus-peel/arti-chandanshive
This document summarizes a study conducted by researchers at the University of Puerto Rico at Cayey to identify soil bacteria capable of producing novel antibiotics. Soil samples were collected from two sites and diluted to isolate individual bacterial colonies. Colonies were purified, stained, and had their DNA analyzed. The isolated bacteria were tested for antibiotic resistance and their ability to inhibit the growth of other bacteria, which could indicate antibiotic production. The goal was to find bacteria producing compounds similar to teixobactin, a potent antibiotic discovered from uncultured soil bacteria.
This document describes a study conducted by researchers at the University of Puerto Rico at Cayey to identify soil-collected bacteria that could produce novel antibiotic compounds. Soil samples were collected from two sites and diluted to isolate individual bacterial colonies. Colonies showing growth were purified and analyzed using gram staining, freezing, electrophoresis, and tests for antibiotic resistance and production. Initial results identified distinct colony morphologies from the soil samples and showed growth from the undiluted, but not highly diluted, samples. Further analysis of purified colonies is planned to characterize the bacteria and determine their antibiotic properties.
This study analyzed two seaweed species, Acanthopora spicifera and Sargassum wightii, for their phytochemical content both qualitatively and quantitatively. Qualitative analysis found that petroleum ether and methanol extracts contained the highest number (8) of compounds for both species. Quantitative analysis revealed that S. wightii contained the highest levels of total phenols and flavonoids, while A. spicifera contained the highest tannin levels. Overall, the seaweeds demonstrated nutritional value from their variety of secondary metabolites like alkaloids, flavonoids, tannins, and more. The study contributes to understanding these seaweeds' chemical compositions and potential applications.
Characterization of the Volatile Components of the Leaf of Starchytarpheta ca...Premier Publishers
The GC/MS analysis, phytochemical and antimicrobial properties of the leaf extract of Stachytarpheta cayennesis was carried out in the laboratory as a part of our probe into the usefulness of the plant in medicinal applications. GC-MS analysis was obtained by the use of SHIMADZU Japan Gas Chromatography 5890-11 with a fused GC column OV 101 coated with polymethyl silicon (0.25 mm x 50 m). Results obtained revealed 13 absorption peaks; Peak 1 occurred at m/z 128 which corresponds to the molecular formula C10H8 and is identified as Azulene.Similarly Peak 2, 3, 4, 5 ,6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 12, 13, occurred at m/z 220, 200,242, 240, 268, 270, 256 ,296 ,296, 282, 281, 252 respectively corresponding to molecular formulas; C15H24O, C12H24O2, C15H30O2, C17H36, C19H40, C17H34O2, C16H32O2, C19H36O2, C20H40O C18H34O2, and C18H35NO. They were identified as Butylated Hydroxytoluene, Dodecanoic acid, Methyl tetradecanoate, Heptadecane, Nonadecane, Hexadecanoic acid methyl ester, n-Hexadecanoic acid, 9-octadecanoic acid methyl ester, Phytol, Octadec-9-enoic acid, 9-octadecenamide, and 11-tetradecyl-1-ol acetate respectively. At concentrations of 100mg/cm3 the extract showed inhibition of Staphylococcus aureus, 8mm, Klesiella spp 9mm, Proteus mirabilis 5mm and Pseudomonas aureginosa 5mm. The minimum inhibition concentrations are 25mm/cm3 for Staphylococcus aureus, 12.5mg/cm3 for Klebsiella spp, 25mg/cm3 for Proteus mirabilis and 12.5mg/cm3 for Pseudomonas aureginosa. These result are very close to those obtained when standard antibiotics levofloxacin and streptomycin.
This document summarizes a study that used a continuous stirred bed reactor (SBR) to treat textile wastewater through bacterial decolourisation. A mixture of three bacterial strains - Sphingomonas paucimobilis, Bacillus sp., and filamentous bacteria - were introduced to the SBR. The study used a mixture experimental design to optimize the formulation of bacterial strains and assess colour and COD removal. The results found that the highest predictable decolourisation and COD removal rates were 86.72% and 75.06% respectively. Regression analysis showed excellent correlation between the bacterial mixtures and responses of decolourisation and COD removal.
Enhancing the Nutritive Values of Agrowastes for Animal Feed Production Using...iosrjce
IOSR Journal of Environmental Science, Toxicology and Food Technology (IOSR-JESTFT) multidisciplinary peer-reviewed Journal with reputable academics and experts as board member. IOSR-JESTFT is designed for the prompt publication of peer-reviewed articles in all areas of subject. The journal articles will be accessed freely online.
Phenolic compounds from artichoke (cynara scolymus l.) by Alexander Decker
The document discusses phenolic compounds extracted from artichoke (Cynara scolymus L.) byproducts and their antimicrobial activities. It finds that methanolic extracts of bound phenols from artichoke bracts and hearts showed the highest antimicrobial activity against gram-negative bacteria. The minimum inhibitory concentration values for bound phenols from hearts were 63μg/ml. Free phenols from hearts also demonstrated antimicrobial properties, with minimum inhibitory concentration values ranging from 204 to 206 μg/mL against both gram-positive and gram-negative microorganisms. The study suggests artichoke byproducts could be used to develop nutritional supplements with antimicrobial properties.
Similar to Pesticidas em processos fermentativos do vinho (20)
2. (B) Bacteria. Two commercial lactic bacteria, Leuconostoc
oenos strain L and Lactobacillus plantarum strain Plant, were
used. Precultures were prepared in MRS (Oxoid, Hampshire,
U.K.) broth for 5 days without agitation and inured to alcohol
(increasing rates by 5, 7, and 10%). The amounts of suspen-
sions used as inocula were such to ensure 5 × 109
cells/mL in
wine. For each strain and for each fungicide, after inoculation,
150 mL of wine was apportioned in 500-mL flasks. All of the
flasks were allowed to incubate in a thermostatically controlled
chamber at 32 °C. Two different controls were prepared,
consisting respectively of wine with inoculum to check the
fermentative activity by acid malic degradation and wine with
pesticide to check the pesticide stability. Each experiment was
carried out in triplicate.
Samplings and Statistical Analysis. Four samplings
were carried out after inoculation. Besides pesticide determi-
nation, the following analyses were made: pH, yeast cells per
milliliter (microscopic count and culture count), and CO2
production (indirect weighing). Data were processed by a
statistical package for the analysis of variance.
Sample Preparation. For pesticide determination, each
sample of alcoholic fermentation was accurately homogenized
with a vibrating shaker (Velp Scientifica, Milano, Italy), and
a 5-mL aliquot was vacuum filtered through regenerated
cellulose membrane filters (L 25 mm, 0.45 µm) (Sartorius,
Go¨ttingen, Germany) to separate the yeasts from the fermen-
tation liquid. The filter was washed with 1 mL of 10% ethanol.
The filtrate and the wash solutions were analyzed separately.
Extraction Procedure. The following extraction procedure
was carried out for filters (containing the yeasts), filtrates plus
wash solutions, and 5 mL of wine. The sample was transferred
into a 20-mL screw-capped tube; 5 mL of hexane containing
the internal standard were added, and the tube was shaken
in a rotary shaker for 30 min. After separation of the phases
(by centrifugation, if necessary), the hexane layer was injected
for GC analysis.
Pesticide Analysis. For the pesticide determination, previ-
ously described methods (Cabras et al., 1997c, 1998b) were
used.
Apparatus and Chromatography. A gas chromatograph
HRGC Mega 2 (Carlo Erba, Milano, Italy) equipped with a
nitrogen-phosphorus detector (NPD-80), an AS 550 auto-
sampler (Carlo Erba), and a split-splitless injector, connected
to an HP 3396-A reporting integrator (Hewlett-Packard,
Avondale, PA), were used. The capillary column was a Dura-
bond fused silica (30 m × 0.25 mm i.d.) (J&W Scientific,
Folsom, CA) DB-17 liquid phase (film thickness ) 0.25 µm).
The injector and detector were operated at 250 and 280 °C,
respectively. The sample (2 µL) was injected in the splitless
mode (60 s), and the oven temperature was programmed as
follows: 110 °C for 1 min, raised to 280 °C (20 °C/min), and
held for 10 min. Helium was the carrier and makeup gas at
Table 1. Effect of Pesticides on Fermentation Activity of S. cerevisiae and K. apiculata Yeasts
S. cerevisiae, after inoculation K. apiculata, after inoculation
0 days 4 days 10 days 0 days 4 days 10 days
pesticide
added
(mg/L) cell/mL pH CO2
a cell/mL pH CO2
a cell/mL pH CO2
a cell/mL pH CO2
a cell/mL pH CO2* cell/mL pH CO2
a
control 5.0 × 106 3.6 ndb 1 × 108 3.0 6.0 9 × 107 3.2 9.0 5.0 × 106 3.6 nd 6 × 107 3.3 1.0 5 × 107 3.4 2.5
Azoxystrobin
2.2 5.0 × 106 3.6 nd 7 × 107 3.6 7.0 8 × 107 3.6 9.5 5.0 × 106 3.6 nd 3 × 107 3.6 2.2 8 × 107 3.6 6.0
Cyprodinil
5.5 5.0 × 106 3.6 nd 6× 107 3.6 8.0 9 × 107 3.6 9.3 5.0 × 106 3.6 nd 4 × 107 3.6 1.3 8 × 107 3.6 2.8
Fludioxonil
3.3 5.0 × 106 3.6 nd 6 × 107 3.0 6.7 9 × 107 3.2 9.5 5.0 × 106 3.6 nd 4 × 107 3.3 1.8 8 × 107 3.4 5.3
Mepanipyrim
3.50 5.0 × 106 3.6 nd 7 × 107 2.9 7.0 9 × 107 3.4 10.8 5.0 × 106 3.6 nd 4 × 107 3.3 2.5 8 × 107 3.4 7.0
Pyrimethanil
5.0 5.0 × 106 3.6 nd 8 × 107 3.0 8.0 9 × 107 3.4 11.5 5.0 × 106 3.6 nd 4 × 107 3.3 2.0 8 × 107 3.4 5.8
Tetraconazole
0.8 5.0 × 106 3.6 nd 7 × 107 3.0 7.0 8 × 107 3.4 10.5 5.0 × 106 3.6 nd 5 × 107 3.3 2.5 8 × 107 3.4 6.3
a Expressed as alcohol % (v/v). b nd, not detectable.
Table 2. Pesticide Residues (Milligrams per Kilogram ( SD) during Alcoholic Fermentation of S. cerevisiae (S) and K.
apiculata (K) Yeasts
pesticide residues after
pesticide sample 0 days 1 day 4 days 10 days
azoxystrobin control 2.14 ( 0.29 2.20 ( 0.10 2.18 ( 0.07 2.23 ( 0.15
S 2.14 ( 0.21 2.25 ( 0.23 2.18 ( 0.23 2.13 ( 0.15
K 2.10 ( 0.21 2.19 ( 0.13 2.09 ( 0.21 2.33 ( 0.14
cyprodinil control 5.34 ( 0.06 5.40 ( 0.04 5.46 ( 0.07 5.41 ( 0.15
S 5.39 ( 0.12 5.41 ( 0.13 5.41 ( 0.13 5.31 ( 0.13
K 5.47 ( 0.14 5.52 ( 0.16 5.38 ( 0.23 5.55 ( 0.22
fludioxonil control 3.27 ( 0.28 3.24 ( 025 3.37 ( 0.24 3.07 ( 0.31
S 3.31 ( 0.19 3.26 ( 0.29 3.22 ( 0.19 3.32 ( 0.25
K 3.21 ( 0.10 3.21 ( 0.21 3. 09 ( 0.12 3.13 ( 0.15
mepanipyrim control 3.42 ( 0.25 3.28 ( 0.23 3.12 ( 0.34 2.36 ( 0.23
S 3.57 ( 0.13 3.32 ( 0.23 3.15 ( 0.32 2.48 ( 0.36
K 3.29 ( 0.32 3.07 ( 0.08 2.99 ( 0.17 2.67 ( 0.18
pyrimethanil control 4.92 ( 0.12 4.98 ( 0.17 5.19 ( 0.13 5.04 ( 0.18
S 4.90 ( 0.21 3.84 ( 0.14 3.23 ( 0.16 3.02 ( 0.22
K 4.89 ( 0.19 4.00 ( 0.12 4.17 ( 0.14 3.92 (0.45
tetraconazole control 0.73 ( 0.05 0.76 ( 0.02 0.73 ( 0.03 0.76 ( 0.02
S 0.76 ( 0.05 0.76 ( 0.04 0.70 ( 0.06 0.74 ( 0.03
K 0.74 ( 0.04 0.78 ( 0.05 0.78 ( 0.05 0.75 ( 0.05
Pesticides in Fermentative Processes of Wine J. Agric. Food Chem., Vol. 47, No. 9, 1999 3855
3. 120 and 130 kPa, respectively. Calibration graphs for the
active ingredients were constructed with the i.s. method by
measuring peak heights versus concentrations. Good linearity
was achieved in the 0.25-6.00 mg/kg range for all pesticides,
with correlation coefficients between 0.9987 and 0.9995.
RESULTS AND DISCUSSION
Alcoholic Fermentation. To evaluate whether the
presence of pesticides above the maximum residual
limits (MRL) can negatively affect the fermentative
process of wine, all experiments were carried out using
a pesticide concentration higher than the MRL fixed in
Italy for grapes (∼1.5 times) and found in field trials at
harvest (∼10 times) (Cabras et al., 1997b, 1998a). Table
1 shows that the presence of pesticides, also in high
concentrations, does not affect the alcoholic fermenta-
tion by S. cerevisiae and K. apiculata. Even though the
number of cells in the control sample was higher than
in the samples with pesticides during the first days of
fermentation, the amount of alcohol produced was not
negatively affected. This was due to the presence of a
sufficient number of cells in all of the samples to allow
a regular fermentative process. The presence of pesti-
cides seems to stimulate a higher production of alcohol
from yeast. This fact was especially observed in the case
of K. apiculata, for which 2-3-fold increments of alcohol
were observed with all pesticides except cyprodinil.
During the fermentative process pesticide residues
were determined both on the liquid phase and on the
yeasts. All of the pesticides were found only in the liquid
phase, and the yeast did not affect the pesticide resi-
due during the fermentative process (Table 2). Only
pyrimethanil showed decreases of ∼20 and ∼40% during
fermentation by K. apiculata and S. cerevisiae, respec-
tively.
Malolactic Fermentation. The degradation of malic
acid during malolactic fermentation followed a first-
order kinetics, which was faster with Le. oenos (t1/2 )
23.8 days; r ) -0.998) than with La. plantarum (t1/2 )
28.1 days; r ) -0.993). During fermentation by Le. oenos
the amount of malic acid was affected by the presence
of pesticides, except mepanipyrim, with a lower degra-
dation of ∼15%, whereas the difference observed during
fermentation by La. plantarum was of ∼5%.
The amount of all pesticides was not affected signifi-
cantly during malolactic fermentation.
Table 3. Malic Acid (Grams per Kilogram ( SD) during Malolactic Fermentation of Le. oenos (L) and La. plantarum (P)
Lactic Bacteria
pesticide residues after
pesticide sample 0 days 10 days 20 days 30 days
control L 4.40 3.13 ( 0.04 2.37 ( 0.06 1.83 ( 0.04
P 4.40 3.24 ( 0.04 2.51 ( 0.03 2.11 ( 0.01
azoxystrobin L 4.40 3.75 ( 0.01 2.82 ( 0.04 2.10 ( 0.02
P 4.40 3.70 ( 0.05 2.92 ( 0.03 2.30 ( 0.01
cyprodinil L 4.40 3.71 ( 0.03 2.83 ( 0.07 2.09 ( 0.05
P 4.40 3.67 ( 0.07 2.84 ( 0.05 2.17 ( 0.03
fludioxonil L 4.40 3.71 ( 0.01 2.88 ( 0.03 2.17 ( 0.02
P 4.40 3.62 ( 0.07 2.84 ( 0.05 2.24 ( 0.06
mepanipyrim L 4.40 3.57 ( 0.01 2.53 ( 0.03 1.96 ( 0.05
P 4.40 3.59 ( 0.04 2.81 ( 0.03 2.21 ( 0.01
pyrimethanil L 4.40 3.67 ( 0.01 2.77 ( 0.02 2.07 ( 0.01
P 4.40 3.71 ( 0.04 2.88 ( 0.04 2.18 (0.02
tetraconazole L 4.40 3.71 ( 0.06 2.78 ( 0.02 2.17 ( 0.01
P 4.40 3.68 ( 0.08 2.86 ( 0.01 2.22 ( 0.02
Table 4. Pesticide Residues (Milligrams per Kilogram ( SD) during Malolactic Fermentation of Le. oenos (L) and La.
plantarum (P) Lactic Bacteria
pesticide residues after
pesticide sample 0 days 10 days 20 days 30 days
azoxystrobin control 0.48 ( 0.05 0.46 ( 0.03 0.48 ( 0.04 0.44 ( 0.03
L 0.48 ( 0.03 0.48 ( 0.04 0.44 ( 0.06 0.43 ( 0.03
P 0.44 ( 0.01 0.43 ( 0.01 0.42 ( 0.02 0.44 ( 0.03
cyprodinil control 1.18 ( 0.09 1.12 ( 0.02 1.20 ( 0.04 1.22 ( 0.01
L 1.14 ( 0.05 1.22 ( 0.06 1.16 ( 0.05 1.18 ( 0.04
P 1.12 ( 0.07 1.08 ( 0.04 1.09 ( 0.04 1.13 ( 0.07
fludioxonil control 0.91( 0.03 0.90 ( 0.02 0.92 ( 0.02 0.90 ( 0.02
L 0.93 ( 0.04 0.96 ( 0.02 0.95 ( 0.02 0.95 ( 0.02
P 0.93 ( 0.03 0.93 ( 0.02 0.93 ( 0.02 0.95 ( 0.02
mepanipyrim control 1.49 ( 0.11 1.52 ( 0.13 1.52 ( 0.12 1.52 ( 0.11
L 1.77 ( 0.02 1.78 ( 0.08 1.87 ( 0.08 1.94 ( 0.15
P 1.51 ( 0.14 1.49 ( 0.11 1.49 ( 0.12 1.50 ( 0.10
pyrimethanil control 0.73 ( 0.02 0.76 ( 0.03 0.76 ( 0.02 0.75 ( 0.05
L 0.69 ( 0.05 0.69 ( 0.07 0.69 ( 0.02 0.72 ( 0.05
P 0.71 ( 0.04 0.65 ( 0.06 0.74 ( 0.04 0.72 (0.01
tetraconazole control 0.94 ( 0.07 0.93 ( 0.01 0.95 ( 0.12 0.92 ( 0.13
L 0.96 ( 0.02 0.94 ( 0.04 0.98 ( 0.05 0.98 ( 0.01
P 0.88 ( 0.06 0.90 ( 0.04 0.91 ( 0.03 0.90 ( 0.01
3856 J. Agric. Food Chem., Vol. 47, No. 9, 1999 Cabras et al.
4. Conclusion. The presence of the pesticides studied
did not affect alcoholic fermentation, not even with
higher levels than those normally found in grapes in
field experiments. On the contrary, it stimulated yeast
to produce more alcohol, especially with K. apiculata.
The fermentative process did not affect the amount of
pesticides either by degradation or by adsorption, except
pyrimethanil. During malolactic fermentation malic acid
underwent a lower degradation (∼15%) in the presence
of all pesticides, except mepanipyrim, by Le. oenos,
whereas by La. plantarum the decrease was lower, ∼5%.
The bacteria studied did not show any degradative effect
on pesticides during malolactic fermentation.
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Received for review January 5, 1999. Revised manuscript
received July 6, 1999. Accepted July 19, 1999.
JF990005J
Pesticides in Fermentative Processes of Wine J. Agric. Food Chem., Vol. 47, No. 9, 1999 3857