Organisasi menggunakan Internet, intranet, dan jaringan telekomunikasi lainnya untuk mendukung bisnis elektronik. Telekomunikasi telah memasuki lingkungan yang terderegulasi dengan banyak pilihan vendor dan layanan. Tren utama adalah penggunaan Internet yang luas dan teknologinya untuk membangun perusahaan dan jaringan global yang terhubung.
Membangun Topologi Jaringan Menggunakan Packet TracerLusiana Diyan
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Packet Tracer adalah sebuah cross-platform visual simulasi alat yang dirancang oleh Cisco Systems yang memungkinkan pengguna untuk membuat topologi jaringan dan meniru modern jaringan komputer. Perangkat lunak ini memungkinkan pengguna untuk mensimulasikan konfigurasi Cisco router dan switch menggunakan simulasi antarmuka baris perintah. Packet Tracer menggunakan drag dan drop antarmuka pengguna, yang memungkinkan pengguna untuk menambah dan menghapus simulasi perangkat jaringan seperti yang mereka lihat cocok. Perangkat lunak ini terutama difokuskan terhadap Bersertifikat Cisco Network Associate Akademi siswa sebagai alat pendidikan untuk membantu mereka belajar CCNA fundamental konsep.
Membangun Topologi Jaringan Menggunakan Packet TracerLusiana Diyan
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Packet Tracer adalah sebuah cross-platform visual simulasi alat yang dirancang oleh Cisco Systems yang memungkinkan pengguna untuk membuat topologi jaringan dan meniru modern jaringan komputer. Perangkat lunak ini memungkinkan pengguna untuk mensimulasikan konfigurasi Cisco router dan switch menggunakan simulasi antarmuka baris perintah. Packet Tracer menggunakan drag dan drop antarmuka pengguna, yang memungkinkan pengguna untuk menambah dan menghapus simulasi perangkat jaringan seperti yang mereka lihat cocok. Perangkat lunak ini terutama difokuskan terhadap Bersertifikat Cisco Network Associate Akademi siswa sebagai alat pendidikan untuk membantu mereka belajar CCNA fundamental konsep.
E-commerce merupakan satu bagian dari E-business dimana E-Commerce ini dapat dijadikan sebagai solusi untuk membantu perusahaan dalam mengembangkan perusahaan dan menghadapi tekanan bisnis.
ETIKA PADA TEKNOLOGI SISTEM INFORMASI PADA PENGGUNA, PENGELOLA, DAN PEMBUATAngling_seto
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Perkembangan  teknologi komputer sebagai sarana informasi memberikan banya keuntungan. Salah satu manfaatnya adalah bahwa informasi dapat dengan segera diperoleh dan pengambilan keputusan dapat dengan cepat dilakukan secara lebih akurat, tepat dan berkualitas. Namun, di sisi lain, perkembangan teknologi informasi, khususnya komputer menimbulkan masalah baru. Bahwa banyak sekarang penggunaan komputer sudah di luar etika penggunaannya, misalnya: dengan pemanfaatan teknologi komputer, dengan mudah seseorang dapat mengakses data dan informasi dengan cara yang tidak sah. Adapula yang memanfaatkan teknologi komputer ini untuk melakukan tindakan kriminal.
laporan praktikum Sistem Jaringan Komputer menggunakan Cisco Packet Tracer 5.3.
Tujuan mahasiswa dalam melakukan pratikum Konstruksi Kompiler adalah :
1. Mahasiswa dapat membangun sebuah rancangan arsitektur jaringan komputer menggunakan Cisco Packet Tracer 5.3.
2. Mampu mengidentifikasi kesalahan yang terjadi pada rancangan arsitektur jaringan komputer tersebut.
3. Mahasiswa mampu memahami perintah-perintah yang ada pada Packet Tracer 5.3
4. Mahasiswa mengetahui pengkoneksian antara computer, mengunakan router yang berbeda, IPadreas, Server, switch antara switch
5. Mahasiswa mampu menjalankan perintah – perintah dasar untuk mengakses dan mengkonfigurasi Router Cisco.
E-commerce merupakan satu bagian dari E-business dimana E-Commerce ini dapat dijadikan sebagai solusi untuk membantu perusahaan dalam mengembangkan perusahaan dan menghadapi tekanan bisnis.
ETIKA PADA TEKNOLOGI SISTEM INFORMASI PADA PENGGUNA, PENGELOLA, DAN PEMBUATAngling_seto
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Perkembangan  teknologi komputer sebagai sarana informasi memberikan banya keuntungan. Salah satu manfaatnya adalah bahwa informasi dapat dengan segera diperoleh dan pengambilan keputusan dapat dengan cepat dilakukan secara lebih akurat, tepat dan berkualitas. Namun, di sisi lain, perkembangan teknologi informasi, khususnya komputer menimbulkan masalah baru. Bahwa banyak sekarang penggunaan komputer sudah di luar etika penggunaannya, misalnya: dengan pemanfaatan teknologi komputer, dengan mudah seseorang dapat mengakses data dan informasi dengan cara yang tidak sah. Adapula yang memanfaatkan teknologi komputer ini untuk melakukan tindakan kriminal.
laporan praktikum Sistem Jaringan Komputer menggunakan Cisco Packet Tracer 5.3.
Tujuan mahasiswa dalam melakukan pratikum Konstruksi Kompiler adalah :
1. Mahasiswa dapat membangun sebuah rancangan arsitektur jaringan komputer menggunakan Cisco Packet Tracer 5.3.
2. Mampu mengidentifikasi kesalahan yang terjadi pada rancangan arsitektur jaringan komputer tersebut.
3. Mahasiswa mampu memahami perintah-perintah yang ada pada Packet Tracer 5.3
4. Mahasiswa mengetahui pengkoneksian antara computer, mengunakan router yang berbeda, IPadreas, Server, switch antara switch
5. Mahasiswa mampu menjalankan perintah – perintah dasar untuk mengakses dan mengkonfigurasi Router Cisco.
SI & PI, Hariz Abdul Najib, Hapzi Ali, Hardware dan Software Dalam Sistem Inf...Hariz Harahap
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SIstem Informasi dan Pengendalian Internal
Hardware dan Software Dalam Sistem Informasi
Disusun Oleh
Hariz Abdul Najib (55517110006)
Dosen Pengampu
Prof Dr. Ir. Hapzi Ali, MM, CMA
Universitas Mercu Buana
Jakarta
2017
Sistem Informasi Pemasaran adalah seperangkat prosedur dan metode untuk pengumpulan data, analisis, dan penyajian informasi yang teratur dan terencana yang digunakan dalam pengambilan keputusan pemasaran.
Sebuah buku foto yang berjudul Lensa Kampung Ondel-Ondelferrydmn1999
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Indonesia, negara kepulauan yang kaya akan keragaman budaya, suku, dan tradisi, memiliki Jakarta sebagai pusat kebudayaan yang dinamis dan unik. Salah satu kesenian tradisional yang ikonik dan identik dengan Jakarta adalah ondel-ondel, boneka raksasa yang biasanya tampil berpasangan, terdiri dari laki-laki dan perempuan. Ondel-ondel awalnya dianggap sebagai simbol budaya sakral dan memainkan peran penting dalam ritual budaya masyarakat Betawi untuk menolak bala atau nasib buruk. Namun, seiring dengan bergulirnya waktu dan perubahan zaman, makna sakral ondel-ondel perlahan memudar dan berubah menjadi sesuatu yang kurang bernilai. Kini, ondel-ondel lebih sering digunakan sebagai hiasan atau sebagai sarana untuk mencari penghasilan. Buku foto Lensa Kampung Ondel-Ondel berfokus pada Keluarga Mulyadi, yang menghadapi tantangan untuk menjaga tradisi pembuatan ondel-ondel warisan leluhur di tengah keterbatasan ekonomi yang ada. Melalui foto cerita, foto feature dan foto jurnalistik buku ini menggambarkan usaha Keluarga Mulyadi untuk menjaga tradisi pembuatan ondel-ondel sambil menghadapi dilema dalam mempertahankan makna budaya di tengah perubahan makna dan keterbatasan ekonomi keluarganya. Buku foto ini dapat menggambarkan tentang bagaimana keluarga tersebut berjuang untuk menjaga warisan budaya mereka di tengah arus modernisasi.
ppt profesionalisasi pendidikan Pai 9.pdfNur afiyah
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Pembelajaran landasan pendidikan yang membahas tentang profesionalisasi pendidikan. Semoga dengan adanya materi ini dapat memudahkan kita untuk memahami dengan baik serta menambah pengetahuan kita tentang profesionalisasi pendidikan.
Major trends occurring in the field of telecommunications have a significant impact on management decisions in this area. Key trends include:
Industry Trends. The key trend in this area is a move away from a few, large, regulated monopolies as suppliers toward an industry structure with many suppliers in fierce competition for new customers with new products and innovative services. Bottom line: The service and vendor options available to meet a company's telecommunications needs have increased dramatically.
Technology Trends. Digital transmission of information is the wave of the future. Besides being "computer ready" digital communication offer four distinct advantages to businesses and end users:
1. Significantly higher transmission speeds.
2. Movement of larger amounts of information.
3. Greater economy.
4. Much lower error rates (compared to analog transmission).
Another major technology trend is the advent of open systems -- information systems that use common standards for hardware, software, applications, and networking. Open systems create a computing environment characterized by easy access by developers, suppliers, and end users.
Application Trends. Technology and industry trends combine to open up application development to more providers, more products, and more choices for businesses and end users.
Discussion Note: Some choices are misleading. For example, application software for the personal computer in the utilities area (Symantec), statistics (SPSS), and personal finance (Quicken) are dominated by single companies who have bought their smaller rivals. The products and brands are maintained, but the control in these areas is very much monopolistic.
Teaching Tips
This slide corresponds to Figure 6.2 on pp. 176 and relates to the material on pp. 176-178.
The figure of the slide outlines the four major strategic capabilities of information technology:
Time Barriers. Strategic use of information systems helps overcome time barriers by focusing on interval reduction and just-in-time operations. The goal is to shorten the response time to customer demands and reduce inventory investment to a minimum. Operating in real time means no time lag between the identification and fulfillment of a need.
Geographic Barriers. Telecommunications and computing technologies make it possible to distribute key business activities to where they are needed most, where they are best performed, or where they best support the competitive advantage of a business. Telecommunication networks allow instantaneous access to all members and resources of the organization, however remote, so that the best combination of talent and ability can be brought to bear on problems or opportunities.
Cost Barriers. Information systems help reduce costs in many areas: production, inventory, distribution, or communications. For example, decentralized decision making can be combined with centralized implementation of those decisions for greater economy without sacrificing the efficiency of the process.
Teaching Tip: The IS also reduces travel costs as distance conferencing makes it less necessary to bring staff to headquarters for meetings.
Structural Barriers. Structural barriers in business include traditional constraints in how business is conducted (such as hours of operation and labor costs) and the processing time various firms in a channel of distribution take to act on customer demand. An IS can extend hours of operation (example: automatic teller machines at banks), service support (example: 24 hour customer support for software products), and improve distribution (example: EDI between manufacturers and suppliers, or wholesalers and retailers).
Teaching Tips
This slide corresponds to Figure 6.4 on pp. 178 relates to the material on pp. 178-179.
The Internet is the largest "network of networks" and the closest model of the information superhighway to come. The Internet is accessible to anyone with a modem and the proper communications software on their computer.
Nature of the Internet. The Internet developed from a US Defense Department network called ARPANET, established in 1969. One of the extraordinary features of the Net is its decentralized nature. No one "runs" the Net, it is not controlled either from a central headquarters nor governed by a single business or government agency. Like a real highway, it is "there" maintained to some degree by those who use it. But travel on it is pretty much up to the end users themselves.
Business of the Internet. By 1995, over 1.5 million host networks on the Internet belonged to businesses. Businesses on the Internet are there in part to take advantage of the easy, world-wide communications available through email and file transfer protocols (FTPs). But business is also on the Net to help shape the network as a channel for conducting business transactions -- buying and selling goods and services in Cyberspace to distant customers linked by computers and modems.
Teaching Tips
This slide corresponds to Figure 6.5 on pp. 179 relates to the material on pp. 179-180.
Many companies perceive the business value of the Internet for electronic commerce. Substantial cost savings can arise because applications that use the Internet and Internet-based technologies (like intranets and extranets) are typically less expensive to develop, operate, and maintain than traditional systems.
Example: American Airlines saves money every time customers use their website instead of their customer support telephone system.
Other primary reasons for business value include:
Attracting new customers with innovative marketing and products, and retaining present customers with improved customer service and support.
Generating revenue through e-commerce applications is a major source of business value (discussed in Chapter 8).
Summary: Most companies are building e-commerce websites to achieve six major business values:
1. Generate new revenue from online sales.
2. Reduce costs through online sales and customer support.
3. Attract new customers via Web marketing and advertising and online sales.
4. Increase the loyalty of existing customers via improved Web customer service and support.
5. Develop new Web-based markets and distribution channels for existing products.
6. Develop new information-based accessible on the Web.
Teaching Tips
This slide corresponds to Figure 6.7 on pp. 182 relates to the material on pp. 181-182.
Like any communications model, a telecommunications network connects a sender to a receiver over a channel for sharing messages. The basic components of a telecommunications network are:
Terminals. These are networked microcomputer workstations or video input/output stations that provide the sending and receiving endpoints for the network.
Telecommunications Processors. These are specialized hardware components that support data transmission and reception between terminals and computers.
Telecommunications Channels and Media. A channel connects two or more parties in a network. Media are the particular way a channel is connected. Telecommunications channels use combinations of media such as copper wires, coaxial cables, fiber optic cables, and microwave carriers to transmit information.
Computers. All sizes and types of computers can and are connected to telecommunications networks. Typical arrangements include using a mainframe as a host for the network, a minicomputer as a front-end processor, with a dedicated microcomputer as a network server to a smaller local group of networked microcomputer workstations.
Telecommunications Control Software. Software controls the interaction of the computers on the telecommunications information system. Mainframes use telecommunications monitors in their role as host computers. Network operating systems are specially designed for microcomputer servers while individual microcomputers on the network access its functions by communications packages.
Teaching Tips
This slide corresponds to Figure 6.12 on pp. 188 relates to the material on pp. 188-189.
Local Area Networks (LAN) connect computers and other information processing devices within a limited physical area, such as an office, classroom, building, manufacturing plant, or other work site. LANs have become commonplace in many organizations for providing telecommunications network capabilities that link end users in offices, departments, and other workgroups.
Wide Area Networks (MAN) cover a large geographic areas. Networks that cover a large city or metropolitan area (MAN) are also included in this category. Such large networks have become a necessity for carrying out the day-to-day activities of many business and government organizations and their end users.
Example: WANs are used by many multinational companies to transmit and receive information among their employees, customers, suppliers, and other organizations across cities, regions, countries, and the world.
Teaching Tips
This slide corresponds to Figure 6.13 on pp. 190 relates to the material on pp. 189-190.
Local Area Networks (LANs) connect computers and other information processing devices within a limited physical area, such as an office, a building, or work site. LANs use a variety of telecommunications media. Key concepts and components of LANs include:
Network Interface Card. PCs on a network must have a circuit board installed to handle the network interface. This is the typical way of expanding PC capability.
Teaching Tip: The advent of Windows 95 and Plug and Play architecture should make the installation of network cards by end users much easier.
Network Server. As mentioned earlier, this is a dedicated PC with a large hard disk capacity for secondary storage. Many servers also have more RAM than the individual workstations on the network.
Network Operating System. Just as individual PCs have their own operating systems, the network operating system controls the interface between users and machine hardware as well as the telecommunications peripherals linking them.
Internetworks. Most LANs are connected via telecommunications to other networks, which might be other LANs, wide area networks (WANs), mainframes, or very large networks like the Internet.
Teaching Tips
This slide corresponds to Figure 6.14 on pp. 190 relates to the material on pp. 189-190.
Most organizations use Virtual Private Networks (VPNs) to establish secure intranets and extranets.
A virtual private network is a secure network that uses the Internet as its main backbone network, but relies on the fire walls and other security features of its Internet and intranet connections and those of participating organizations.
Example: VPN’s would enable a company to use the Internet to establish secure intranets between its distant branch offices and manufacturing plants, and secure extranets between itself and its customers and suppliers.
Teaching Tips
This slide corresponds to Figure 6.16 on pp. 191 relates to the material on pp. 191-193.
Midrange computers have become popular as powerful network servers included in corporate Intranets and Extranets and in client server networks.
A network is a system of microcomputers and servers linked together with telecommunications hardware and software.
Telecommunications. Telecommunications is the use of networks of interconnected computers and peripheral devices to process and exchange data and information. Hardware such as modems allow computers at distant locations to share information over telephone lines. Network operating systems are software programs that control resource sharing and communications flow among computers and peripherals on a local area network (LAN).
Networked computers draw additional computing power from the other computers on the network, which can include other microcomputers, minicomputers, and mainframes. This capability is known as distributed processing.
Distributed Processing. This is the ability to spread the processing requirements for a particular task around the network to take advantage of unused processing capacity.
Client server architectures, which are used frequently in businesses have the following components:
Client. A client on a network is typically a microcomputer that serves an end user for most of her or his processing needs. Programs for the client and extra processing capacity are provided as needed by the network.
Server. A server is a host or central computer that is dedicated to managing the logistics of routing data, information, and processing capacity among the clients on the system. In small networks, the server might be a single PC. On larger networks, the server can be a minicomputer or a mainframe. In very large organizations, several networks might be served, each by their own minicomputer, which in turn, is linked to the host mainframe.
Teaching Tips
This slide corresponds to Figure 6.16 on pp. 192 relates to the material on pp. 192.
A network is a system of microcomputers linked together with telecommunications hardware and software. Networked computers draw additional computing power from the other computers on the network, which can include other microcomputers, minicomputers, and mainframes. Key concepts of networked computing include:
Client. A client on a network is typically a microcomputer that serves an end user for most of her or his processing needs. Programs for the client and extra processing capacity are provided as needed by the network.
Server. A server is a host or central computer that is dedicated to managing the logistics of routing data, information, and processing capacity among the clients on the system. In small networks, the server might be a single PC. On larger networks, the server can be a minicomputer or a mainframe. In very large organizations, several networks might be served, each by their own minicomputer, which in turn, is linked to the host mainframe.
Network Computers. Provide a browser-based user interface for processing small applications programs called applets. Thin clients include network computers, Net PCs and other low-cost network devices or information appliances. Application and database servers provide the operating system, application software, applets, databases, and database management software needed by the end users in the network.
Network computing is sometimes called a three-tier client/server model, since it consists of thin clients, application servers, and database servers.
Teaching Tip: The information in this slide comes from figure 6.16 and 6.17 on pages 192-193.
Telecommunications channels make use of a wide variety of media. In some cases, the media are complementary and the use of more than one media increases the functions and features of the telecommunications network. In other cases, the media are in direct competition with each other, hoping to capture customers from other media choices.
Discussion Note: The dual nature of telecommunications has implications yet to be resolved for open systems architecture.
Some major types of telecommunications media include:
Twisted-Pair Wire. This is the traditional phone line used throughout the world. It is the most widely distributed telecommunications media but is limited in the amount of data and speed of transmission.
Coaxial Cable. This is a sturdy copper or aluminum wire wrapped in spacers to insulate and protect it. Coaxial cable can carry more information and at higher speeds than twisted pair wires. It also is a higher-quality carrier, with little interference.
Fiber Optics. These are hair-thin glass filaments spun into wires and wrapped in a protective jacket. Fiber optics transmit light pulses as carriers of information and so are extremely fast and produce no electromagnetic radiation. This makes them extremely reliable channels, although splicing cables for connections is difficult.
Terrestrial Microwave. Earthbound microwave radiation transmit high-speed radio signals in line-of-sight paths between relay stations..
Communications Satellites. Satellites in geosynchronous orbit are used to transmit microwave signals to any place on earth using dish antennas for sending and receiving.
Cellular Radio. Low power transmitters on each cell of the system allow users to take advantage of several frequencies for communications.
Wireless LANs. Using radio or infrared transmission, some LANs are completely wireless, thus eliminating the cost of installing wire in existing structures.
Teaching Tip: The information in this slide comes from pp 194 - 197.
Modem (Modulator-DEModulator). A device that converts the digital signals from input/output devices into appropriate frequencies at a transmission terminal and converts them back into digital signals at a receiving terminal.
Multiplexer: An electronic device that allows a single communications channel to carry simultaneous data transmission from many terminals.
Internetwork Processors: Communications processors used by local area networks to interconnect them with other local area and wide area networks. Examples include switches, routers, hubs, and gateways.
Fire wall: Computers, communications processors, and software that protect computer networks from intrusion by screening all network traffic and serving as a safe transfer point for access to and from other networks.
Network Operating System: Is a program that controls telecommunications and the use and sharing of network resources.
Telecommunications Monitor: Computer programs that control and support the communications between the computers and terminals in a telecommunications network.
Middleware: Software that helps diverse networked computer systems work together, thus promoting their interoperability.
Network Management Software: Software packages such as network operating systems and telecommunications monitors used to determine transmission priorities, route (switch) messages, poll terminals in the network, and form waiting waiting lines (queues) of transmission requests.
Teaching Tip: The information in this slide comes from pages 198-201.
There are several basic types of network topologies, or structures, in telecommunications networks. Three basic topologies used in wide area and local area telecommunications networks are:
1. Star: A star network ties end user computers to a central computer.
2. Ring: A ring network ties local computer processors together in a ring on a more equal basis.
3. Bus: A bus network is a network in which local processors share the same bus, or communications channel.
Teaching Tip: Instructors may wish to discuss the advantages and disadvantages associated with each of these types of topologies. This discussion is laid out in the Instructors Manual.
Teaching Tips
This slide corresponds to Figure 6.24 on pp. 201 and relates to the material on pp. 201-202.
The International Standards Organization (ISO) has developed a seven-layer Open Systems Interconnection (OSI) model to serve as a standard model for network architecture.
Application Layer. This layer provides communications services for end user applications.
Presentation Layer. This layer provides appropriate data transmission formats and codes.
Session Layer. This layer supports the accomplishment of telecommunications sessions.
Transport Layer. This layer supports the organization and transfer of data between nodes in the network.
Network Layer. This layer provides appropriate routing by establishing connections among network links.
Data Link Layer. This layer supports error free organization and transmission of data in the network.
Physical Layer. This layer provides physical access to the telecommunications media in the network.
Teaching Tips
This slide corresponds to Figure 6.25 on pp. 203 relates to the material on pp. 202-203.