Perspectives on Developing, Enhancing and Sustaining Interests in the Teaching and Learning of Mathematics in Secondary Schools in the South West Region of Cameroon
Mathematics is the beauty of sciences and the foundation of modern human society. highlighted that print media were not available. 27.4 to a low extent satisfied with the use of print media while 26.7 of them were highly satisfied. Instructional resources are first not available in our secondary schools in Cameroon and mathematics teachers do not make use of them in mathematics instruction. Besong Francis Mbeng | Agborbechem Peter Tambi "Perspectives on Developing, Enhancing and Sustaining Interests in the Teaching and Learning of Mathematics in Secondary Schools in the South West Region of Cameroon" Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-4 | Issue-4 , June 2020, URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/papers/ijtsrd30912.pdf Paper Url :https://www.ijtsrd.com/humanities-and-the-arts/education/30912/perspectives-on-developing-enhancing-and-sustaining-interests-in-the-teaching-and-learning-of-mathematics-in-secondary-schools-in-the-south-west-region-of-cameroon/besong-francis-mbeng
This document discusses the benefits of integrating arts into the curriculum for students with disabilities. It argues that arts like music, drawing, painting and literature can enhance, encourage and motivate these students. The arts provide alternative tools for students to better themselves and achieve their potential. When taught by knowledgeable teachers, arts can help students with disabilities communicate their thoughts and feelings. Studies show arts are linked to improved academic skills and reduced dropout rates. Specifically, drama improves language skills, music enhances language learning, and fine arts develop literacy and math skills. Technology can also help create new ways for students to stay engaged through arts and reduce learning barriers.
V3 e6-017Educational Media Awareness Among The Higher Education Teachers-An A...ijcite
This document discusses a study that analyzed the educational media awareness of 140 higher education teachers in Chennai, India. The study found:
1) Science teachers had greater educational media awareness than arts teachers.
2) Teachers with over 15 years of experience had higher awareness than less experienced teachers.
3) There was no significant difference in awareness between male and female teachers or between teachers at different types of institutions.
The implications are that educational media can effectively be used to disseminate information and influence attitudes. Experience and academic discipline impacted teachers' awareness of educational media resources.
E-learning Research Article PresentationLiberty Joy
The study evaluated the impact of training students in open book test-taking strategies on exam performance in online courses. Students who received training before their midterm scored significantly higher than untrained students. However, training only before the midterm did not lead to higher final exam scores compared to untrained students, suggesting one training was not enough to create lasting change. The study demonstrated training can improve open book exam scores but more research is needed on effective online assessment.
This document discusses the development of information literacy at UWL Library Services over several years. It began with an audit that found disparities across courses and schools. This led to the formation of an information literacy policy and working groups to better embed information literacy. Assessment found major increases in library usage and engagement after personalizing instruction, forming librarian partnerships with faculties, and focusing on both information literacy and digital capabilities. Future plans include expanding programs to all students, staff, and alumni.
The DigitClass project is investigating the use of digital tools in European classrooms. This survey aims to gather data from teachers across Europe on their use of digital tools, perceptions of tools' impact on learning, support received, and future integration plans. The 17-question survey addresses topics like teaching methodology, digital skills proficiency, views on tools' benefits, technical support, integration frequency, and future outlook. Thank you for your contribution to this research.
This summary provides the key details about a research article that studied the impact of using virtual reality with and without gaming attributes for academic achievement. The study compared the effects of a basic computer-assisted instruction program to a virtual reality gaming program on students' math and language arts test scores. It found that the basic instruction program improved math scores but neither program improved language arts scores. The gaming program did not further increase math scores above the basic program. The summary critically examines the study's small sample size and sampling method.
This study compared outcomes for identical courses offered in two delivery modes: online/asynchronous and face-to-face/synchronous. The study measured gain scores from pre-tests to post-tests, grades as percentages, and student satisfaction. Students answered questions to determine if they had the prerequisites to succeed in the online course. While most previous research found little difference in student performance between online and face-to-face courses, this study was designed to provide a more objective comparison as it was not conducted by the instructors themselves.
The article discusses a simulation game used with childhood education student teachers about food scarcity. The game was part of an educational excursion and aimed to start conversations about how food scarcity affects children's learning. It also prompted reflections on how social and economic factors influence education. Analysis found that students engaged viscerally and intellectually with the game, relating lessons to classrooms. The game was an effective method to discuss education as an equity and justice issue.
This document discusses the benefits of integrating arts into the curriculum for students with disabilities. It argues that arts like music, drawing, painting and literature can enhance, encourage and motivate these students. The arts provide alternative tools for students to better themselves and achieve their potential. When taught by knowledgeable teachers, arts can help students with disabilities communicate their thoughts and feelings. Studies show arts are linked to improved academic skills and reduced dropout rates. Specifically, drama improves language skills, music enhances language learning, and fine arts develop literacy and math skills. Technology can also help create new ways for students to stay engaged through arts and reduce learning barriers.
V3 e6-017Educational Media Awareness Among The Higher Education Teachers-An A...ijcite
This document discusses a study that analyzed the educational media awareness of 140 higher education teachers in Chennai, India. The study found:
1) Science teachers had greater educational media awareness than arts teachers.
2) Teachers with over 15 years of experience had higher awareness than less experienced teachers.
3) There was no significant difference in awareness between male and female teachers or between teachers at different types of institutions.
The implications are that educational media can effectively be used to disseminate information and influence attitudes. Experience and academic discipline impacted teachers' awareness of educational media resources.
E-learning Research Article PresentationLiberty Joy
The study evaluated the impact of training students in open book test-taking strategies on exam performance in online courses. Students who received training before their midterm scored significantly higher than untrained students. However, training only before the midterm did not lead to higher final exam scores compared to untrained students, suggesting one training was not enough to create lasting change. The study demonstrated training can improve open book exam scores but more research is needed on effective online assessment.
This document discusses the development of information literacy at UWL Library Services over several years. It began with an audit that found disparities across courses and schools. This led to the formation of an information literacy policy and working groups to better embed information literacy. Assessment found major increases in library usage and engagement after personalizing instruction, forming librarian partnerships with faculties, and focusing on both information literacy and digital capabilities. Future plans include expanding programs to all students, staff, and alumni.
The DigitClass project is investigating the use of digital tools in European classrooms. This survey aims to gather data from teachers across Europe on their use of digital tools, perceptions of tools' impact on learning, support received, and future integration plans. The 17-question survey addresses topics like teaching methodology, digital skills proficiency, views on tools' benefits, technical support, integration frequency, and future outlook. Thank you for your contribution to this research.
This summary provides the key details about a research article that studied the impact of using virtual reality with and without gaming attributes for academic achievement. The study compared the effects of a basic computer-assisted instruction program to a virtual reality gaming program on students' math and language arts test scores. It found that the basic instruction program improved math scores but neither program improved language arts scores. The gaming program did not further increase math scores above the basic program. The summary critically examines the study's small sample size and sampling method.
This study compared outcomes for identical courses offered in two delivery modes: online/asynchronous and face-to-face/synchronous. The study measured gain scores from pre-tests to post-tests, grades as percentages, and student satisfaction. Students answered questions to determine if they had the prerequisites to succeed in the online course. While most previous research found little difference in student performance between online and face-to-face courses, this study was designed to provide a more objective comparison as it was not conducted by the instructors themselves.
The article discusses a simulation game used with childhood education student teachers about food scarcity. The game was part of an educational excursion and aimed to start conversations about how food scarcity affects children's learning. It also prompted reflections on how social and economic factors influence education. Analysis found that students engaged viscerally and intellectually with the game, relating lessons to classrooms. The game was an effective method to discuss education as an equity and justice issue.
This article discusses developing an art education curriculum to address contemporary social issues like discrimination, bullying, and violence. The researcher created an interdisciplinary art course for high school juniors and seniors that used artistic projects to examine these issues. Students devised and created individual and group projects both in and out of the classroom to bring awareness to these topics. The curriculum was developed with the belief that art can cultivate empathy and enable positive transformation. It emphasized socially engaged art over a sole focus on artistic techniques. Students participated in teaching and assessment to take responsibility for their learning. The researcher found this approach reduced problems and helped students understand course material through visual culture.
This document contains two literature reviews related to the usage of technology in higher education. The first review examines a study on the adoption of educational technology ten years after strategic goals were set at a Canadian university. It found that while technology has potential to improve teaching, numerous barriers exist. The second review looks at a study on mega-universities and knowledge media strategies. It found that mega-universities are using technology to change systems and support students, representing a third generation of distance education beyond correspondence and multimedia. Both reviews discuss variables, research questions, methods, findings, and perceptions of limitations and strengths.
The effect of some variables on the external reading problemsAlexander Decker
This study aimed to examine the external reading problems facing students in secondary and upper basic stages in Arabic schools in southern Al-Mazar District, Jordan. The researcher surveyed 100 students using a 23-item questionnaire. The study found significant differences in external reading problems based on gender, family size, and income level. It recommends guiding students to make better use of external readings like books and technology to supplement their education and develop skills like research, analysis and evaluation. External readings are important for enriching the curriculum and preparing students for an era of rapid knowledge growth.
This document discusses a study on the implications of e-learning in Malaysian tertiary education. It begins with an introduction and background to e-learning and its increasing role in education. The study used questionnaires distributed to 50 students and interviews with lecturers and IT professionals at Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia to understand perceptions of e-learning and challenges to adoption. Key findings indicated that students have positive views of e-learning and Internet access, but infrastructure, changing teaching culture, and lack of skills were challenges faced. The study concludes that e-learning acceptance requires collective effort from students, lecturers, and management with appropriate technology and support.
ON THE USAGE OF DATABASES OF EDUCATIONAL MATERIALS IN MACEDONIAN EDUCATIONIJITE
Technologies have become important part of our lives. The steps for introducing ICTs in education vary from country to country. The Republic of Macedonia has invested with a lot in installment of hardware and software in education and in teacher training. This research was aiming to determine the situation of usage of databases of digital educational materials and to define recommendation for future improvements. Teachers from urban schools were interviewed with a questionnaire. The findings are several: only part of the interviewed teachers had experience with databases of educational materials; all teachers still need capacity building activities focusing exactly on the use and benefits from databases of educational materials; preferably capacity building materials to be in Macedonian language; technical support and upgrading of software and materials should be performed on a regular basis. Most of the findings can be applied at both national and international level – with all this implemented, application of ICT in education will have much
bigger positive impact
RESEARCH TRENDS İN EDUCATIONAL TECHNOLOGY İN TURKEY: 2010-2018 YEAR THESIS AN...ijcax
This document summarizes a research study analyzing 263 studies published between 2010-2018 in the field of educational technology in Turkey. The studies included 98 theses and 165 journal articles. The research analyzed the publications according to 11 criteria such as publication index, year, research scope, method, education level, sample size, data collection methods, and research topics. The most common publication index was the YOK Thesis Database, and most studies were published in 2017. Research scope most commonly examined students. The most frequent research methods were survey and experimental. Studies most often focused on the university level. The analysis aims to identify trends in educational technology research in Turkey.
This document investigates factors influencing the number of students pursuing physics at higher levels of education. It identifies key factors such as perceived lack of career relevance, difficulty achieving good grades, lack of encouragement from adults, declining student interest in lessons, and lack of appeal to female students. The document also describes ways to address these issues, such as improving career awareness, using varied teaching methods to engage different learners, and combating unconscious teacher biases. It includes the results of a student questionnaire on attitudes to physics and provides an example lesson plan aimed at making physics more appealing and engaging.
This document summarizes a research paper on students' perceptions of internet usage and its impact on academic performance. The study used a quantitative survey approach to collect data through questionnaires from 141 students in Peshawar, Pakistan. The results found that most students agree that internet usage makes their studies more convenient and improves their learning skills and grades. However, students also face some problems when using the internet like eye strain and shoulder pain. The study concluded that while internet can benefit academic performance if used properly, students need guidance to maximize the benefits and minimize negative impacts.
The Effect of using Interactive Whiteboard on the Achievement of Eleventh Gra...ijtsrd
The interactive whiteboard is present in the classroom setting to get better achievement in a computer science subject. The study was conducted on a sample of 56 eleventh standard student’s selected using subjective sampling technique. The major objectives of the study were to find out the level of gain scores of control and experimental group students and to find out the significant difference in pretest and posttest achievement scores of the control and experimental group students. The investigator chooses the experimental method. The investigator divided by conducting intelligent test. The students of experimental group were taught using interactive whiteboard, while the students of control group were taught through normal method of teaching. Pretest and posttest equivalent groups design was followed for in this study. Statistical techniques used were paired sample‘t’ test and percentile analysis. As a result, there is an improvement in students academic achievement. Mr. S. Karuppasamy | Mr. S. Lenin "The Effect of using Interactive Whiteboard on the Achievement of Eleventh Grade Students in Computer Science Subject" Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-4 | Issue-3 , April 2020, URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/papers/ijtsrd30414.pdf Paper Url :https://www.ijtsrd.com/humanities-and-the-arts/education/30414/the-effect-of-using-interactive-whiteboard-on-the-achievement-of-eleventh-grade-students-in-computer-science-subject/mr-s-karuppasamy
This article summarizes a case study of 21 middle schools that were given laptops for teachers and students along with instructional resources, professional development, and technical support to analyze the effects of technological "Immersion" on student learning opportunities and achievement. The study found that technology immersion increased independent work, technology use at home, a shift to more student-centered learning, and improvements in technology skills, student engagement, and academic achievement, preparing students for 21st century skills. While providing strong evidence for technology benefits, the critique notes that the study could have been improved by more emphasis on the role of experienced educators to lead technology-integrated instruction.
A Correlational Analysis of Students’ Achievement in WASSCE and NECO (SSCE) M...iosrjce
This study presents the findings of the relationship between students’ achievement in Senior School
Certificate Examination (SSCE) Mathematics conducted by the West African Examination Council (WAEC) and
the National Examination Council (NECO) in four selected secondary schools in Ifedayo Local Government
Area , Osun State, Nigeria.
The analysis showed that there is significant positive relationship between Mathematics in all the selected
schools contrary to the hypothesis that says there is no relationship in West African Senior School Certificate
Examination (WASSCE) and Senior School Certificate Examination (SSCE) NECO Mathematics results in the
schools.
It is therefore recommended that students should develop more interest in sitting for either of the two
examinations since they produce equivalent results.
This article summarizes a study that explored how academics use information and communication technologies (ICTs) for teaching and learning in higher education. Focus groups were conducted with academics from English, law, and nursing. The discussions revealed that ICTs were mainly used to provide online resources for students. Motivations for using ICTs centered around enhancing the educational experience. While use of ICTs was generally positive, lack of time was a common challenge. Factors influencing adoption of ICTs included institutional support, department resources, individual skills, and technical issues. The study provided insight into appropriate uses of technology in higher education.
How Do Teachers Perceive Modern InstructionUwes Chaeruman
Modern instruction in today’s era is actually about the appropriate integration of technology in teaching and learning. It is very important to promote 21st-century skills of students. Therefore, teachers should be able to use technology appropriately to improve the opportunity of students to learn and at the same time to develop their 21st-century skills. The questionis thatdo in-serviceteachers have a correct perceptionabout modern teaching? This research was aimed at investigating how in-service teachers perceive modern instruction. An online survey was delivered to 2.773 in-service and 410 pre-service teachers who were following the Teacher Professional Education (TPEs) program in Indonesia. It consists of four different illustrative cases. Illustrative case 1 until 3, show appropriate modern instruction, while illustrative case 4 shows an inappropriate one. Respondent was asked to pick one or more cases they perceived as appropriate modern instruction. Survey results showed that 62% in-service teachers perceived case 1, 2, and 3 as appropriate modern instruction, 38 % in-service teachers can not distinguish between appropriate and inappropriate modern instruction, and 4% in-service teachers perceived case 4 as appropriate modern instruction. It can be concluded that in-service teachers need to be equipped with the competency to integrate technology in instruction in teaching and learning appropriately. The main goal of TPEs is to promote teachers' competency in applying modern instruction. Therefore, it is highly recommended that TPEs need to redesign the curriculum and instructional strategies to address it.
Article review - dr johan 1st assignmentAziz Ahmad
This article summarizes a study that evaluated students' understanding and interest in Jawi (Arabic script used for Malay) education after using educational technology media in teaching at primary schools in Malaysia. The study found that using educational technology media like computers and multimedia software increased students' test scores and engagement with Jawi material compared to traditional teaching methods. Specifically, students' test scores on Jawi education increased from 5% to 95% after experiencing the new media-aided teaching methods. However, the author notes that the study had a small sample size of 52 students and was conducted only in one school, so more extensive research is needed to generalize the findings.
New Education Policy-2020 with reference to Atmnirbahr Bharat Dr. Dinesh C. Sharma
1. The document discusses the use of technology in higher education, including online/e-learning, i-learning, and the benefits they provide such as saving the environment by reducing paper usage.
2. It also discusses challenges of online education such as the mindset of teachers, internet connectivity, and student stress, but notes the possibilities such as reaching a wider student audience and expertise sharing.
3. The document proposes two methods for conducting exams and admissions online to continue education during the COVID-19 pandemic, addressing issues such as verifying student identities and preventing cheating.
A correlational analysis of students achievement in waec and neco mathematicsAlexander Decker
1) The study examines the relationship between student achievement in mathematics on the WAEC and NECO examinations in four secondary schools in Nigeria.
2) The analysis found a significant positive relationship between student performance in mathematics on both examinations, contrary to the hypothesis that there would be no relationship.
3) It is recommended that students should feel comfortable taking either exam since the results are equivalent.
This study investigated Malaysian secondary school teachers' beliefs about ICT and how they use ICT in their classrooms. The study found that although teachers held positive beliefs about ICT, these beliefs were not fully translated into classroom practices. More experienced teachers mainly used ICT as a presentation tool, while early career teachers used ICT in more varied ways like blogs and online groups. The study suggests further investigating differences in teachers' beliefs and practices could provide insight into promoting greater ICT use.
This study was conducted in an undergraduate level
with the use of e-learning
particularly in analytic geometry to lessen the com
mon fear of Filipino students to
mathematics. Since teen age students used to engros
s themselves with the use of
technology specifically computers, this study maxim
ized the capability of computers
in reducing math anxiety by teaching mathematics su
bject using e-learning thus
improving student academic performance.
This document summarizes a study that examined the perspectives of teachers of science on the affordances and pedagogical practices of using interactive whiteboards (IWBs) with children aged 5-6 years. Seven teachers were interviewed about their experiences using IWBs in their science classrooms. The preliminary analysis revealed that teachers used IWBs in a variety of ways to bring contemporary content into the classroom and engage students in investigative science. Promoting authenticity and connectedness, multimodality and versatility, and efficiency were highlighted as benefits. However, traditional classroom settings, low technical support, and insufficient training presented challenges to effective IWB implementation.
This document discusses a study that assessed challenges in teaching and learning mathematics in secondary schools in Ghana. The study administered questionnaires to 100 teachers and 260 students. It found that some of the main challenges included a lack of teaching and learning materials (22.2%), an inconsistent syllabus from the Ghana Education Service (16.7%), and poor student attitudes towards mathematics (19.4%). Performance on mathematics exams in Ghana declined sharply between 2012 and 2013. The number of students taking the exams more than doubled but far fewer students passed in 2013 compared to 2012. Reasons proposed for the poor performance included unqualified teachers teaching mathematics and students' mathematics anxiety.
Early mathematicians viewed mathematics as a beautiful and ethereal art form. However, the pupils in school appear to have no idea of this beauty. Misconceptions about mathematics among students, parents, and instructors are thought to be one of the root causes of the problem. Mathematical misconceptions and myths among instructors, parents, and students were examined in this study. These findings were obtained using a descriptive qualitative method of investigation. Research participants included elementary school pupils and their parents from East Java, Indonesia as well as 10 instructors, 10 students, and 10 parents. Random selection was used to pick the respondents. The results of this study showed that teachers, parents, and students have a wide range of misconceptions about mathematics. Among the misconceptions that occur among students, teachers and parents are: i) The conception of mathematics; ii) The aim of learning mathematics is only to train students to count and memorize formulas; iii) Mathematical ability is a genetic talent and only people who have talent will be proficient in mathematics; and iv) Mathematics is a non-applicable. The consequences of widespread misconceptions about mathematics among teachers, parents, and students are detrimental to the learning process and hinder the development of strong mathematical skills.
This article discusses developing an art education curriculum to address contemporary social issues like discrimination, bullying, and violence. The researcher created an interdisciplinary art course for high school juniors and seniors that used artistic projects to examine these issues. Students devised and created individual and group projects both in and out of the classroom to bring awareness to these topics. The curriculum was developed with the belief that art can cultivate empathy and enable positive transformation. It emphasized socially engaged art over a sole focus on artistic techniques. Students participated in teaching and assessment to take responsibility for their learning. The researcher found this approach reduced problems and helped students understand course material through visual culture.
This document contains two literature reviews related to the usage of technology in higher education. The first review examines a study on the adoption of educational technology ten years after strategic goals were set at a Canadian university. It found that while technology has potential to improve teaching, numerous barriers exist. The second review looks at a study on mega-universities and knowledge media strategies. It found that mega-universities are using technology to change systems and support students, representing a third generation of distance education beyond correspondence and multimedia. Both reviews discuss variables, research questions, methods, findings, and perceptions of limitations and strengths.
The effect of some variables on the external reading problemsAlexander Decker
This study aimed to examine the external reading problems facing students in secondary and upper basic stages in Arabic schools in southern Al-Mazar District, Jordan. The researcher surveyed 100 students using a 23-item questionnaire. The study found significant differences in external reading problems based on gender, family size, and income level. It recommends guiding students to make better use of external readings like books and technology to supplement their education and develop skills like research, analysis and evaluation. External readings are important for enriching the curriculum and preparing students for an era of rapid knowledge growth.
This document discusses a study on the implications of e-learning in Malaysian tertiary education. It begins with an introduction and background to e-learning and its increasing role in education. The study used questionnaires distributed to 50 students and interviews with lecturers and IT professionals at Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia to understand perceptions of e-learning and challenges to adoption. Key findings indicated that students have positive views of e-learning and Internet access, but infrastructure, changing teaching culture, and lack of skills were challenges faced. The study concludes that e-learning acceptance requires collective effort from students, lecturers, and management with appropriate technology and support.
ON THE USAGE OF DATABASES OF EDUCATIONAL MATERIALS IN MACEDONIAN EDUCATIONIJITE
Technologies have become important part of our lives. The steps for introducing ICTs in education vary from country to country. The Republic of Macedonia has invested with a lot in installment of hardware and software in education and in teacher training. This research was aiming to determine the situation of usage of databases of digital educational materials and to define recommendation for future improvements. Teachers from urban schools were interviewed with a questionnaire. The findings are several: only part of the interviewed teachers had experience with databases of educational materials; all teachers still need capacity building activities focusing exactly on the use and benefits from databases of educational materials; preferably capacity building materials to be in Macedonian language; technical support and upgrading of software and materials should be performed on a regular basis. Most of the findings can be applied at both national and international level – with all this implemented, application of ICT in education will have much
bigger positive impact
RESEARCH TRENDS İN EDUCATIONAL TECHNOLOGY İN TURKEY: 2010-2018 YEAR THESIS AN...ijcax
This document summarizes a research study analyzing 263 studies published between 2010-2018 in the field of educational technology in Turkey. The studies included 98 theses and 165 journal articles. The research analyzed the publications according to 11 criteria such as publication index, year, research scope, method, education level, sample size, data collection methods, and research topics. The most common publication index was the YOK Thesis Database, and most studies were published in 2017. Research scope most commonly examined students. The most frequent research methods were survey and experimental. Studies most often focused on the university level. The analysis aims to identify trends in educational technology research in Turkey.
This document investigates factors influencing the number of students pursuing physics at higher levels of education. It identifies key factors such as perceived lack of career relevance, difficulty achieving good grades, lack of encouragement from adults, declining student interest in lessons, and lack of appeal to female students. The document also describes ways to address these issues, such as improving career awareness, using varied teaching methods to engage different learners, and combating unconscious teacher biases. It includes the results of a student questionnaire on attitudes to physics and provides an example lesson plan aimed at making physics more appealing and engaging.
This document summarizes a research paper on students' perceptions of internet usage and its impact on academic performance. The study used a quantitative survey approach to collect data through questionnaires from 141 students in Peshawar, Pakistan. The results found that most students agree that internet usage makes their studies more convenient and improves their learning skills and grades. However, students also face some problems when using the internet like eye strain and shoulder pain. The study concluded that while internet can benefit academic performance if used properly, students need guidance to maximize the benefits and minimize negative impacts.
The Effect of using Interactive Whiteboard on the Achievement of Eleventh Gra...ijtsrd
The interactive whiteboard is present in the classroom setting to get better achievement in a computer science subject. The study was conducted on a sample of 56 eleventh standard student’s selected using subjective sampling technique. The major objectives of the study were to find out the level of gain scores of control and experimental group students and to find out the significant difference in pretest and posttest achievement scores of the control and experimental group students. The investigator chooses the experimental method. The investigator divided by conducting intelligent test. The students of experimental group were taught using interactive whiteboard, while the students of control group were taught through normal method of teaching. Pretest and posttest equivalent groups design was followed for in this study. Statistical techniques used were paired sample‘t’ test and percentile analysis. As a result, there is an improvement in students academic achievement. Mr. S. Karuppasamy | Mr. S. Lenin "The Effect of using Interactive Whiteboard on the Achievement of Eleventh Grade Students in Computer Science Subject" Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-4 | Issue-3 , April 2020, URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/papers/ijtsrd30414.pdf Paper Url :https://www.ijtsrd.com/humanities-and-the-arts/education/30414/the-effect-of-using-interactive-whiteboard-on-the-achievement-of-eleventh-grade-students-in-computer-science-subject/mr-s-karuppasamy
This article summarizes a case study of 21 middle schools that were given laptops for teachers and students along with instructional resources, professional development, and technical support to analyze the effects of technological "Immersion" on student learning opportunities and achievement. The study found that technology immersion increased independent work, technology use at home, a shift to more student-centered learning, and improvements in technology skills, student engagement, and academic achievement, preparing students for 21st century skills. While providing strong evidence for technology benefits, the critique notes that the study could have been improved by more emphasis on the role of experienced educators to lead technology-integrated instruction.
A Correlational Analysis of Students’ Achievement in WASSCE and NECO (SSCE) M...iosrjce
This study presents the findings of the relationship between students’ achievement in Senior School
Certificate Examination (SSCE) Mathematics conducted by the West African Examination Council (WAEC) and
the National Examination Council (NECO) in four selected secondary schools in Ifedayo Local Government
Area , Osun State, Nigeria.
The analysis showed that there is significant positive relationship between Mathematics in all the selected
schools contrary to the hypothesis that says there is no relationship in West African Senior School Certificate
Examination (WASSCE) and Senior School Certificate Examination (SSCE) NECO Mathematics results in the
schools.
It is therefore recommended that students should develop more interest in sitting for either of the two
examinations since they produce equivalent results.
This article summarizes a study that explored how academics use information and communication technologies (ICTs) for teaching and learning in higher education. Focus groups were conducted with academics from English, law, and nursing. The discussions revealed that ICTs were mainly used to provide online resources for students. Motivations for using ICTs centered around enhancing the educational experience. While use of ICTs was generally positive, lack of time was a common challenge. Factors influencing adoption of ICTs included institutional support, department resources, individual skills, and technical issues. The study provided insight into appropriate uses of technology in higher education.
How Do Teachers Perceive Modern InstructionUwes Chaeruman
Modern instruction in today’s era is actually about the appropriate integration of technology in teaching and learning. It is very important to promote 21st-century skills of students. Therefore, teachers should be able to use technology appropriately to improve the opportunity of students to learn and at the same time to develop their 21st-century skills. The questionis thatdo in-serviceteachers have a correct perceptionabout modern teaching? This research was aimed at investigating how in-service teachers perceive modern instruction. An online survey was delivered to 2.773 in-service and 410 pre-service teachers who were following the Teacher Professional Education (TPEs) program in Indonesia. It consists of four different illustrative cases. Illustrative case 1 until 3, show appropriate modern instruction, while illustrative case 4 shows an inappropriate one. Respondent was asked to pick one or more cases they perceived as appropriate modern instruction. Survey results showed that 62% in-service teachers perceived case 1, 2, and 3 as appropriate modern instruction, 38 % in-service teachers can not distinguish between appropriate and inappropriate modern instruction, and 4% in-service teachers perceived case 4 as appropriate modern instruction. It can be concluded that in-service teachers need to be equipped with the competency to integrate technology in instruction in teaching and learning appropriately. The main goal of TPEs is to promote teachers' competency in applying modern instruction. Therefore, it is highly recommended that TPEs need to redesign the curriculum and instructional strategies to address it.
Article review - dr johan 1st assignmentAziz Ahmad
This article summarizes a study that evaluated students' understanding and interest in Jawi (Arabic script used for Malay) education after using educational technology media in teaching at primary schools in Malaysia. The study found that using educational technology media like computers and multimedia software increased students' test scores and engagement with Jawi material compared to traditional teaching methods. Specifically, students' test scores on Jawi education increased from 5% to 95% after experiencing the new media-aided teaching methods. However, the author notes that the study had a small sample size of 52 students and was conducted only in one school, so more extensive research is needed to generalize the findings.
New Education Policy-2020 with reference to Atmnirbahr Bharat Dr. Dinesh C. Sharma
1. The document discusses the use of technology in higher education, including online/e-learning, i-learning, and the benefits they provide such as saving the environment by reducing paper usage.
2. It also discusses challenges of online education such as the mindset of teachers, internet connectivity, and student stress, but notes the possibilities such as reaching a wider student audience and expertise sharing.
3. The document proposes two methods for conducting exams and admissions online to continue education during the COVID-19 pandemic, addressing issues such as verifying student identities and preventing cheating.
A correlational analysis of students achievement in waec and neco mathematicsAlexander Decker
1) The study examines the relationship between student achievement in mathematics on the WAEC and NECO examinations in four secondary schools in Nigeria.
2) The analysis found a significant positive relationship between student performance in mathematics on both examinations, contrary to the hypothesis that there would be no relationship.
3) It is recommended that students should feel comfortable taking either exam since the results are equivalent.
This study investigated Malaysian secondary school teachers' beliefs about ICT and how they use ICT in their classrooms. The study found that although teachers held positive beliefs about ICT, these beliefs were not fully translated into classroom practices. More experienced teachers mainly used ICT as a presentation tool, while early career teachers used ICT in more varied ways like blogs and online groups. The study suggests further investigating differences in teachers' beliefs and practices could provide insight into promoting greater ICT use.
This study was conducted in an undergraduate level
with the use of e-learning
particularly in analytic geometry to lessen the com
mon fear of Filipino students to
mathematics. Since teen age students used to engros
s themselves with the use of
technology specifically computers, this study maxim
ized the capability of computers
in reducing math anxiety by teaching mathematics su
bject using e-learning thus
improving student academic performance.
This document summarizes a study that examined the perspectives of teachers of science on the affordances and pedagogical practices of using interactive whiteboards (IWBs) with children aged 5-6 years. Seven teachers were interviewed about their experiences using IWBs in their science classrooms. The preliminary analysis revealed that teachers used IWBs in a variety of ways to bring contemporary content into the classroom and engage students in investigative science. Promoting authenticity and connectedness, multimodality and versatility, and efficiency were highlighted as benefits. However, traditional classroom settings, low technical support, and insufficient training presented challenges to effective IWB implementation.
Similar to Perspectives on Developing, Enhancing and Sustaining Interests in the Teaching and Learning of Mathematics in Secondary Schools in the South West Region of Cameroon
This document discusses a study that assessed challenges in teaching and learning mathematics in secondary schools in Ghana. The study administered questionnaires to 100 teachers and 260 students. It found that some of the main challenges included a lack of teaching and learning materials (22.2%), an inconsistent syllabus from the Ghana Education Service (16.7%), and poor student attitudes towards mathematics (19.4%). Performance on mathematics exams in Ghana declined sharply between 2012 and 2013. The number of students taking the exams more than doubled but far fewer students passed in 2013 compared to 2012. Reasons proposed for the poor performance included unqualified teachers teaching mathematics and students' mathematics anxiety.
Early mathematicians viewed mathematics as a beautiful and ethereal art form. However, the pupils in school appear to have no idea of this beauty. Misconceptions about mathematics among students, parents, and instructors are thought to be one of the root causes of the problem. Mathematical misconceptions and myths among instructors, parents, and students were examined in this study. These findings were obtained using a descriptive qualitative method of investigation. Research participants included elementary school pupils and their parents from East Java, Indonesia as well as 10 instructors, 10 students, and 10 parents. Random selection was used to pick the respondents. The results of this study showed that teachers, parents, and students have a wide range of misconceptions about mathematics. Among the misconceptions that occur among students, teachers and parents are: i) The conception of mathematics; ii) The aim of learning mathematics is only to train students to count and memorize formulas; iii) Mathematical ability is a genetic talent and only people who have talent will be proficient in mathematics; and iv) Mathematics is a non-applicable. The consequences of widespread misconceptions about mathematics among teachers, parents, and students are detrimental to the learning process and hinder the development of strong mathematical skills.
This document discusses factors affecting mathematics performance of high school students at Laguna State Polytechnic University for the academic year 2009-2010. It provides background information on the importance of mathematics and discusses relevant theories. The study aims to determine the extent to which student-related factors like interest and study habits, and teacher-related factors like personality traits, teaching skills, and instructional materials influence student performance. The methodology, results and conclusions of the research are also outlined.
This document summarizes a research study on factors affecting mathematics performance of high school students at Laguna State Polytechnic University in the 2009-2010 academic year. The study examines student-related factors like interest in mathematics, study habits, and teacher-related factors such as personality traits, teaching skills, and instructional materials. It provides background information on the importance of mathematics and reviews previous related studies. The research methodology, data collection instruments, and statistical analysis plan are also outlined.
Guided discovery learning strategy and senior school students performance in ...Alexander Decker
This document summarizes a study that investigated the effects of guided discovery learning strategy on mathematics performance of senior secondary students in Nigeria. The study found:
1) Students taught using guided discovery learning performed significantly better on a mathematics test than students taught using non-guided methods.
2) Male and female students performed equally well when taught using guided discovery, showing gender had no impact on performance.
3) Higher scoring students benefited most from guided discovery, followed by medium scorers, while lower scorers benefited the least.
The study concluded that guided discovery learning is an effective strategy for improving mathematics performance, though benefits students of different scoring levels unevenly.
Effect of Problem-Based Learning on Senior Secondary School Students’ Achieve...IOSR Journals
This study examined the effect of problem-based learning (PBL) on senior secondary school students' achievement in trigonometry in Northern Educational Zone of Cross River State, Nigeria. 365 students from 4 schools were assigned to experimental and control groups, with the experimental group taught using PBL and the control group taught using conventional methods. Students completed a pre-test and post-test on trigonometry achievement. The results showed that the experimental group performed significantly better than the control group, and that male and female students benefited equally from PBL. There was no significant interaction between teaching method and gender. The study concluded that PBL can improve students' trigonometry achievement compared to conventional teaching methods.
This document discusses a study conducted on factors affecting mathematics performance of high school students at Laguna State Polytechnic University for the 2009-2010 academic year. The study aimed to determine the extent of student-related factors like interest and study habits, and teacher-related factors such as personality traits, teaching skills, and instructional materials. It also examined students' mathematics performance levels and the relationship between performance and both student and teacher factors. The study used a questionnaire to collect information from respondents. The results could help administrators, curriculum planners, guidance counselors, teachers and students improve mathematics education.
THE EFFECT OF POOR PERFORMANCE IN MATHEMATICS TO_054548.pptxKeanMagallon
This document summarizes a research study on the effect of poor performance in mathematics on the academic performance of grade 11 students in Casay National High School. The study aims to determine the relationship between poor math performance and overall academics, identify factors affecting poor math performance, and state whether a significant relationship exists. The conceptual framework outlines the input, process, and expected output. The theoretical framework discusses theories such as constructivism and attribution theory that will guide the study. The literature review covers previous research finding a connection between teaching methods and math performance.
A Study on Interest in Mathematics Interest and its Relation to Academic Achi...ijtsrd
In our match towards scientific and technological advancement, we need nothing short of good performance in mathematics at all levels of schooling. In an effort to achieve this, this study investigated the impact of motivation on students' school academic achievement in mathematics in secondary schools using motivation measuring instrument and achievement test in mathematics. Six hypotheses were tested for significant at 0.05 margin of error using t test and analysis of variance ANOVA Results showed that gender difference and Parents Income were significant when impact of motivation on academic achievement was compared in male and female students. Also other result indicates significant difference when extent of motivation was taken as variable of interest on academic achievement in mathematics based on the degree of their motivation. Implications, suggestions and recommendations on students, parents, government, counsellors, educational stakeholders, etc were discussed. Ms. S. Kalpana | Ms. V. A. Malathi ""A Study on Interest in Mathematics Interest and its Relation to Academic Achievement in Mathematics Among Higher Secondary Students"" Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-3 | Issue-4 , June 2019, URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/papers/ijtsrd25113.pdf
Paper URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/humanities-and-the-arts/education/25113/a-study-on-interest-in-mathematics-interest-and-its-relation-to-academic-achievement-in-mathematics-among-higher-secondary-students/ms-s-kalpana
A study on “changing students’ attitude towards learning mathematics by appro...Dr. C.V. Suresh Babu
This study examines using social media to improve students' attitudes towards learning mathematics. The objectives are to improve motivation, develop critical thinking, and reduce math anxiety. The hypothesis is that appropriate use of social media in teaching mathematics can help students learn with interest and reduce math anxiety. A literature review found that math anxiety damages students and is linked to poor problem-solving and achievement. The study will investigate how implementing social media affects students' motivation, performance, and understanding of mathematics concepts.
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Computer-Based Instruction (CBI) as a Way of Reducing Mathematics Anxiety
INTRODUCTION Comment by shravan uttakalla: this section can be much shorter than this.
Mathematics plays a vital role in people’s daily lives. The citizen of the modern world
could not afford to be ignorant of Mathematics because the world is highly mathematical (Betz as cited by Salazar, 2001). Hence, effective Mathematics instruction has become the absolute necessity in all levels of education. Despite explaining the importance of Mathematics, the students of today still have that negative attitudes toward the subject (Salazar, 2001). Most students think Mathematics is a boring subject, and it is difficult to memorize and understand formulas (Scarpello, 2007). Some students who cannot appreciate the importance of Mathematics even say that learning the four fundamental operations is enough, the use of graphs and formulas have no relevance to their daily living, so there is no need for further knowing the subject (Suinn, 1998).
In an international scene, particularly in America, a study was conducted by Gallup (2005) for determining the most difficult subject for American teenagers, surprisingly, Mathematics topped the list. About 29% named Mathematics generally, 6% specifically mentioned Algebra, and 2% named Geometry. Furthermore, according to the National Research Council, 75% of Americans stop studying Mathematics before they have completed the educational requirements for their career or job. With the basis from the statistics above, it is so unexpected fact that most Americans specifically teenagers find Mathematics difficult, considering that America belongs to the first class countries, a highly mathematical society because of its advanced technology. In the Philippines, a High School Readiness Test was administered to all Grade 6 graduates in public elementary schools in May, 2004 showed very low scores in Mathematics test. In the National Secondary Achievement Test (NSAT) given in year 2010, students got correct answers to less than 50% of the questions in Mathematics. Based on the Trends International Mathematics and Science Survey (TIMSS), the Philippines was evaluated for the 8th Gradient in 1999. It was reported that out of the 34 participating nations, the Philippines was third from the bottom of the participating countries. The Philippines got 345 points as compared to Singapore having 604 points for Mathematics. The two lower countries were Morocco (337) and South Africa (275). Thus, we can infer that many Filipino students are having difficulties in subject Mathematics.
In Tagum City, particularly at Tagum City National High school (TCNHS) a percentage of 19.63% of the students who took National Achievement Test (NAT) 2004 in Mathematics passed. Six years later, a percentage of 21.43% of the students who took NAT (2010) in the same subject passed. From the statis ...
This document describes a research project that aims to enhance mathematics learning outcomes for freshman minority college students. The project will train students to develop personal learning environments using social media tools and extended learning communities. Students will be placed into groups of 3-5 to share notes, learn from each other, and present their understanding of weekly lessons. The goal is to increase engagement and help students apply mathematical concepts, as many struggle with the transition from high school to college-level mathematics. Preliminary findings suggest this approach improves students' learning environment and opportunities to understand mathematics in more visual and interactive ways.
Assessing Students Understanding Of The Measures Of Central Tendency And Att...Scott Donald
This document summarizes a research study that assessed 148 tenth grade students' understanding of measures of central tendency (mean, mode, median) and attitudes towards statistics. The study found that students had a moderate understanding of central tendency concepts but positive attitudes towards statistics. Male students performed significantly better than females on the central tendency test. There were no significant relationships found between understanding and attitude, except for a negative correlation between effort and understanding. The study implies that teachers should emphasize quality learning techniques to improve students' central tendency understanding.
E-learning platforms are transforming the way education delivery is done in a significant way. Key to this transformation is the broadband-enabled internet, now being promoted under broadband-for-all global policies, which is facilitating how students learn beyond the walls of the classrooms. As students learn at their own pace with e-learning, teachers serve and act as facilitators guiding and helping out where students find difficulties in certain concepts. This is transforming the way education is delivered and allows teachers to put more attention on students with difficulties (slow learners) while the more capable students (fast learners) can move on to new concepts at their own pace. There are many e-learning platforms in use today. This paper focuses on those platforms dealing with delivering secondary level education; specifically science education at the advanced-level (A-level) secondary schools. A review of existing e-learning platforms is presented with the aim of identifying requirements for and justification of developing an improved e-learning platform that supports interactivity, collaboration and motivational engagement of learners throughout the process of education delivery. The output of this analysis review shows that most of these platforms currently in use do not support a holistic way to engage students in an interactive and collaborative manner, which is known to motivate learning and at the same time develops within learners collaboration, creativity, communication and critical thinking (4Cs) mindset necessary for the 21st century learning. It is desirable to have a platform that supports interactive education delivery and student collaboration in learning by engaging students, teachers (facilitators) and parents (guardians).
The study involved 2,575 students selected through a combination of probability and non-probability sampling procedures. Explanatory sequential mixed methods design was used. Participants completed the FennemaSherman Mathematics Attitude Scales (FSMAS) to provide the quantitative data for the research. The qualitative data were gathered through interviews. The arithmetic mean from the survey data for each of the students was used to shortlist 140 students for focus group interviews. The findings revealed that some of the impetuses that drive the respondents’ positive attitudes towards mathematics were mathematics as a compulsory subject, good teaching strategies by teachers, the utility of mathematics, career aspirations, and encouragement from parents, guardian or peers. The study recommended that stakeholders should encourage, enhance and promote these factors. Teachers, educators, and researchers are encouraged to dig deeper to unearth more of such factors.
Effects of Formative Assessment on Mathematics Test Anxiety and Performance o...iosrjce
The study of mathematics is compulsory in secondary schools in Nigeria because ofthe vital role it
plays in the scientific and technological growth and development of the nation. A shortfall in the knowledge of
the students in mathematics means that the goal may not be realized, hence the need to improve instructional
practices for solving the problem of poor performance in the subject.This study investigated the effects of a
formative assessment on mathematics test anxiety and mathematics performance ofsecondary school students in
Jos, Nigeria, using a quasi-experimental design. A simple random sample of 110 Senior Secondary two (SS II)
students was selected for the study from a population of 2,326 SS II students. Amathematics test anxiety scale
and two forms of mathematics achievement test were used for data collection. Data were analyzed using
descriptive and inferential statistical techniques. The findings revealed that formative assessment reduced
anxiety level and improved mathematics performance of the students. It was recommended that secondary
school teachers should be trained and re-trained to update their knowledge in the use of formative assessment
for making the teaching and learning of mathematics more interesting and rewarding
151119 rewriting leadership strategy the brilliance of black children in mat...Lou Matthews
After 15 years of stalemate mathematics reform to improve the mathematics outcomes of Bermuda’s predominantly Black student population, Bermuda Public Schools created a National Mathematics Strategy. The Strategy was built from the ground up to combat fundamental forces hindering the mathematics outcomes of Black children in the West: (1) Resistant worldviews about Black children, (2) faulty assumptions about what mathematics is, (3) faulty assumptions about how mathematics should be taught, (4) and institutionalized impotence of senior leadership to address policy, resources and systemic barriers. Chronicled in this presentation are the successes and challenges in implementing the kind of urgent reform needed to maximize outcomes for Black student populations amidst political, cultural and historical obstacles. The perspective of mathematics education leaders and professionals at senior, mid and teacher levels are shared.
This document discusses approaches to mathematics curriculum as suggested by the National Curriculum Framework (NCF) and Kerala Curriculum Framework (KCF). It outlines three levels of mathematics taught in schools: daily life calculations, concepts for higher education, and more complex theoretical ideas. The document also examines why students find mathematics difficult and why it is important to learn. It proposes teaching mathematics in a way that makes it enjoyable and helps students think logically and communicate numerically. The goal is for students to understand fundamental concepts and have confidence in their mathematical abilities.
Mathematical activity has changed in every field. We discuss some of these trends and how they could influence the future of mathematical education. The aim of this paper is to study the recent trends in the present day mathematics and the role of mathematics in other disciplines. Dr. A. K. Yadav | Dr. Sushil Kumar | Dr. Rashmi Chaudhary "Recent Trends of Mathematics in Education" Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-4 | Issue-4 , June 2020, URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/papers/ijtsrd31130.pdf Paper Url :https://www.ijtsrd.com/mathemetics/other/31130/recent-trends-of-mathematics-in-education/dr-a-k-yadav
The document discusses current challenges in mathematics education such as math anxiety, lack of access to quality education, and low performance on international assessments. It analyzes the causes and effects of math anxiety, the teacher's role in reducing it, and strategies for improving mathematics education through teacher training, curriculum reform, and technology integration. Overall, the document examines issues impacting mathematics learning and proposes approaches to enhance access, equity, and achievement in mathematics.
Similar to Perspectives on Developing, Enhancing and Sustaining Interests in the Teaching and Learning of Mathematics in Secondary Schools in the South West Region of Cameroon (20)
‘Six Sigma Technique’ A Journey Through its Implementationijtsrd
The manufacturing industries all over the world are facing tough challenges for growth, development and sustainability in today’s competitive environment. They have to achieve apex position by adapting with the global competitive environment by delivering goods and services at low cost, prime quality and better price to increase wealth and consumer satisfaction. Cost Management ensures profit, growth and sustainability of the business with implementation of Continuous Improvement Technique like Six Sigma. This leads to optimize Business performance. The method drives for customer satisfaction, low variation, reduction in waste and cycle time resulting into a competitive advantage over other industries which did not implement it. The main objective of this paper ‘Six Sigma Technique A Journey Through Its Implementation’ is to conceptualize the effectiveness of Six Sigma Technique through the journey of its implementation. Aditi Sunilkumar Ghosalkar "‘Six Sigma Technique’: A Journey Through its Implementation" Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-8 | Issue-1 , February 2024, URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/papers/ijtsrd64546.pdf Paper Url: https://www.ijtsrd.com/other-scientific-research-area/other/64546/‘six-sigma-technique’-a-journey-through-its-implementation/aditi-sunilkumar-ghosalkar
Edge Computing in Space Enhancing Data Processing and Communication for Space...ijtsrd
Edge computing, a paradigm that involves processing data closer to its source, has gained significant attention for its potential to revolutionize data processing and communication in space missions. With the increasing complexity and data volume generated by modern space missions, traditional centralized computing approaches face challenges related to latency, bandwidth, and security. Edge computing in space, involving on board processing and analysis of data, offers promising solutions to these challenges. This paper explores the concept of edge computing in space, its benefits, applications, and future prospects in enhancing space missions. Manish Verma "Edge Computing in Space: Enhancing Data Processing and Communication for Space Missions" Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-8 | Issue-1 , February 2024, URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/papers/ijtsrd64541.pdf Paper Url: https://www.ijtsrd.com/computer-science/artificial-intelligence/64541/edge-computing-in-space-enhancing-data-processing-and-communication-for-space-missions/manish-verma
Dynamics of Communal Politics in 21st Century India Challenges and Prospectsijtsrd
Communal politics in India has evolved through centuries, weaving a complex tapestry shaped by historical legacies, colonial influences, and contemporary socio political transformations. This research comprehensively examines the dynamics of communal politics in 21st century India, emphasizing its historical roots, socio political dynamics, economic implications, challenges, and prospects for mitigation. The historical perspective unravels the intricate interplay of religious identities and power dynamics from ancient civilizations to the impact of colonial rule, providing insights into the evolution of communalism. The socio political dynamics section delves into the contemporary manifestations, exploring the roles of identity politics, socio economic disparities, and globalization. The economic implications section highlights how communal politics intersects with economic issues, perpetuating disparities and influencing resource allocation. Challenges posed by communal politics are scrutinized, revealing multifaceted issues ranging from social fragmentation to threats against democratic values. The prospects for mitigation present a multifaceted approach, incorporating policy interventions, community engagement, and educational initiatives. The paper conducts a comparative analysis with international examples, identifying common patterns such as identity politics and economic disparities. It also examines unique challenges, emphasizing Indias diverse religious landscape, historical legacy, and secular framework. Lessons for effective strategies are drawn from international experiences, offering insights into inclusive policies, interfaith dialogue, media regulation, and global cooperation. By scrutinizing historical epochs, contemporary dynamics, economic implications, and international comparisons, this research provides a comprehensive understanding of communal politics in India. The proposed strategies for mitigation underscore the importance of a holistic approach to foster social harmony, inclusivity, and democratic values. Rose Hossain "Dynamics of Communal Politics in 21st Century India: Challenges and Prospects" Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-8 | Issue-1 , February 2024, URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/papers/ijtsrd64528.pdf Paper Url: https://www.ijtsrd.com/humanities-and-the-arts/history/64528/dynamics-of-communal-politics-in-21st-century-india-challenges-and-prospects/rose-hossain
Assess Perspective and Knowledge of Healthcare Providers Towards Elehealth in...ijtsrd
Background and Objective Telehealth has become a well known tool for the delivery of health care in Saudi Arabia, and the perspective and knowledge of healthcare providers are influential in the implementation, adoption and advancement of the method. This systematic review was conducted to examine the current literature base regarding telehealth and the related healthcare professional perspective and knowledge in the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia. Materials and Methods This systematic review was conducted by searching 7 databases including, MEDLINE, CINHAL, Web of Science, Scopus, PubMed, PsycINFO, and ProQuest Central. Studies on healthcare practitioners telehealth knowledge and perspectives published in English in Saudi Arabia from 2000 to 2023 were included. Boland directed this comprehensive review. The researchers examined each connected study using the AXIS tool, which evaluates cross sectional systematic reviews. Narrative synthesis was used to summarise and convey the data. Results Out of 1840 search results, 10 studies were included. Positive outlook and limited knowledge among providers were seen across trials. Healthcare professionals like telehealth for its ability to improve quality, access, and delivery, save time and money, and be successful. Age, gender, occupation, and work experience also affect health workers knowledge. In Saudi Arabia, healthcare professionals face inadequate expert assistance, patient privacy, internet connection concerns, lack of training courses, lack of telehealth understanding, and high costs while performing telemedicine. Conclusions Healthcare practitioners telehealth perceptions and knowledge were examined in this systematic study. Its collection of concerned experts different personal attitudes and expertise would help enhance telehealths implementation in Saudi Arabia, develop its healthcare delivery alternative, and eliminate frequent problems. Badriah Mousa I Mulayhi | Dr. Jomin George | Judy Jenkins "Assess Perspective and Knowledge of Healthcare Providers Towards Elehealth in Saudi Arabia: A Systematic Review" Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-8 | Issue-1 , February 2024, URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/papers/ijtsrd64535.pdf Paper Url: https://www.ijtsrd.com/medicine/other/64535/assess-perspective-and-knowledge-of-healthcare-providers-towards-elehealth-in-saudi-arabia-a-systematic-review/badriah-mousa-i-mulayhi
The Impact of Digital Media on the Decentralization of Power and the Erosion ...ijtsrd
The impact of digital media on the distribution of power and the weakening of traditional gatekeepers has gained considerable attention in recent years. The adoption of digital technologies and the internet has resulted in declining influence and power for traditional gatekeepers such as publishing houses and news organizations. Simultaneously, digital media has facilitated the emergence of new voices and players in the media industry. Digital medias impact on power decentralization and gatekeeper erosion is visible in several ways. One significant aspect is the democratization of information, which enables anyone with an internet connection to publish and share content globally, leading to citizen journalism and bypassing traditional gatekeepers. Another aspect is the disruption of conventional media industry business models, as traditional organizations struggle to adjust to the decrease in advertising revenue and the rise of digital platforms. Alternative business models, such as subscription models and crowdfunding, have become more prevalent, leading to the emergence of new players. Overall, the impact of digital media on the distribution of power and the weakening of traditional gatekeepers has brought about significant changes in the media landscape and the way information is shared. Further research is required to fully comprehend the implications of these changes and their impact on society. Dr. Kusum Lata "The Impact of Digital Media on the Decentralization of Power and the Erosion of Traditional Gatekeepers" Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-8 | Issue-1 , February 2024, URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/papers/ijtsrd64544.pdf Paper Url: https://www.ijtsrd.com/humanities-and-the-arts/political-science/64544/the-impact-of-digital-media-on-the-decentralization-of-power-and-the-erosion-of-traditional-gatekeepers/dr-kusum-lata
Online Voices, Offline Impact Ambedkars Ideals and Socio Political Inclusion ...ijtsrd
This research investigates the nexus between online discussions on Dr. B.R. Ambedkars ideals and their impact on social inclusion among college students in Gurugram, Haryana. Surveying 240 students from 12 government colleges, findings indicate that 65 actively engage in online discussions, with 80 demonstrating moderate to high awareness of Ambedkars ideals. Statistically significant correlations reveal that higher online engagement correlates with increased awareness p 0.05 and perceived social inclusion. Variations across colleges and a notable effect of college type on perceived social inclusion highlight the influence of contextual factors. Furthermore, the intersectional analysis underscores nuanced differences based on gender, caste, and socio economic status. Dr. Kusum Lata "Online Voices, Offline Impact: Ambedkar's Ideals and Socio-Political Inclusion - A Study of Gurugram District" Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-8 | Issue-1 , February 2024, URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/papers/ijtsrd64543.pdf Paper Url: https://www.ijtsrd.com/humanities-and-the-arts/political-science/64543/online-voices-offline-impact-ambedkars-ideals-and-sociopolitical-inclusion--a-study-of-gurugram-district/dr-kusum-lata
Problems and Challenges of Agro Entreprenurship A Studyijtsrd
Noting calls for contextualizing Agro entrepreneurs problems and challenges of the agro entrepreneurs and for greater attention to the Role of entrepreneurs in agro entrepreneurship research, we conduct a systematic literature review of extent research in agriculture entrepreneurship to overcome the study objectives of complications of agro entrepreneurs through various factors, Development of agriculture products is a key factor for the overall economic growth of agro entrepreneurs Agro Entrepreneurs produces firsthand large scale employment, utilizes the labor and natural resources, This research outlines the problems of Weather and Soil Erosions, Market price fluctuation, stimulates labor cost problems, reduces concentration of Price volatility, Dependency on Intermediaries, induces Limited Bargaining Power, and Storage and Transportation Costs. This paper mainly devoted to highlight Problems and challenges faced for the sustainable of Agro Entrepreneurs in India. Vinay Prasad B "Problems and Challenges of Agro Entreprenurship - A Study" Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-8 | Issue-1 , February 2024, URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/papers/ijtsrd64540.pdf Paper Url: https://www.ijtsrd.com/other-scientific-research-area/other/64540/problems-and-challenges-of-agro-entreprenurship--a-study/vinay-prasad-b
Comparative Analysis of Total Corporate Disclosure of Selected IT Companies o...ijtsrd
Disclosure is a process through which a business enterprise communicates with external parties. A corporate disclosure is communication of financial and non financial information of the activities of a business enterprise to the interested entities. Corporate disclosure is done through publishing annual reports. So corporate disclosure through annual reports plays a vital role in the life of all the companies and provides valuable information to investors. The basic objectives of corporate disclosure is to give a true and fair view of companies to the parties related either directly or indirectly like owner, government, creditors, shareholders etc. in the companies act, provisions have been made about mandatory and voluntary disclosure. The IT sector in India is rapidly growing, the trend to invest in the IT sector is rising and employment opportunities in IT sectors are also increasing. Therefore the IT sector is expected to have fair, full and adequate disclosure of all information. Unfair and incomplete disclosure may adversely affect the entire economy. A research study on disclosure practices of IT companies could play an important role in this regard. Hence, the present research study has been done to study and review comparative analysis of total corporate disclosure of selected IT companies of India and to put forward overall findings and suggestions with a view to increase disclosure score of these companies. The researcher hopes that the present research study will be helpful to all selected Companies for improving level of corporate disclosure through annual reports as well as the government, creditors, investors, all business organizations and upcoming researcher for comparative analyses of level of corporate disclosure with special reference to selected IT companies. Dr. Vaibhavi D. Thaker "Comparative Analysis of Total Corporate Disclosure of Selected IT Companies of India" Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-8 | Issue-1 , February 2024, URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/papers/ijtsrd64539.pdf Paper Url: https://www.ijtsrd.com/other-scientific-research-area/other/64539/comparative-analysis-of-total-corporate-disclosure-of-selected-it-companies-of-india/dr-vaibhavi-d-thaker
The Impact of Educational Background and Professional Training on Human Right...ijtsrd
This study investigated the impact of educational background and professional training on human rights awareness among secondary school teachers in the Marathwada region of Maharashtra, India. The key findings reveal that higher levels of education, particularly a master’s degree, and fields of study related to education, humanities, or social sciences are associated with greater human rights awareness among teachers. Additionally, both pre service teacher training and in service professional development programs focused on human rights education significantly enhance teacher’s knowledge, skills, and competencies in promoting human rights principles in their classrooms. Baig Ameer Bee Mirza Abdul Aziz | Dr. Syed Azaz Ali Amjad Ali "The Impact of Educational Background and Professional Training on Human Rights Awareness among Secondary School Teachers" Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-8 | Issue-1 , February 2024, URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/papers/ijtsrd64529.pdf Paper Url: https://www.ijtsrd.com/humanities-and-the-arts/education/64529/the-impact-of-educational-background-and-professional-training-on-human-rights-awareness-among-secondary-school-teachers/baig-ameer-bee-mirza-abdul-aziz
A Study on the Effective Teaching Learning Process in English Curriculum at t...ijtsrd
“One Language sets you in a corridor for life. Two languages open every door along the way” Frank Smith English as a foreign language or as a second language has been ruling in India since the period of Lord Macaulay. But the question is how much we teach or learn English properly in our culture. Is there any scope to use English as a language rather than a subject How much we learn or teach English without any interference of mother language specially in the classroom teaching learning scenario in West Bengal By considering all these issues the researcher has attempted in this article to focus on the effective teaching learning process comparing to other traditional strategies in the field of English curriculum at the secondary level to investigate whether they fulfill the present teaching learning requirements or not by examining the validity of the present curriculum of English. The purpose of this study is to focus on the effectiveness of the systematic, scientific, sequential and logical transaction of the course between the teachers and the learners in the perspective of the 5Es programme that is engage, explore, explain, extend and evaluate. Sanchali Mondal | Santinath Sarkar "A Study on the Effective Teaching Learning Process in English Curriculum at the Secondary Level of West Bengal" Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-8 | Issue-1 , February 2024, URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/papers/ijtsrd62412.pdf Paper Url: https://www.ijtsrd.com/humanities-and-the-arts/education/62412/a-study-on-the-effective-teaching-learning-process-in-english-curriculum-at-the-secondary-level-of-west-bengal/sanchali-mondal
The Role of Mentoring and Its Influence on the Effectiveness of the Teaching ...ijtsrd
This paper reports on a study which was conducted to investigate the role of mentoring and its influence on the effectiveness of the teaching of Physics in secondary schools in the South West Region of Cameroon. The study adopted the convergent parallel mixed methods design, focusing on respondents in secondary schools in the South West Region of Cameroon. Both quantitative and qualitative data were collected, analysed separately, and the results were compared to see if the findings confirm or disconfirm each other. The quantitative analysis found that majority of the respondents 72 of Physics teachers affirmed that they had more experienced colleagues as mentors to help build their confidence, improve their teaching, and help them improve their effectiveness and efficiency in guiding learners’ achievements. Only 28 of the respondents disagreed with these statements. With majority respondents 72 agreeing with the statements, it implies that in most secondary schools, experienced Physics teachers act as mentors to build teachers’ confidence in teaching and improving students’ learning. The interview qualitative data analysis summarized how secondary school Principals use meetings with mentors and mentees to promote mentorship in the school milieu. This has helped strengthen teachers’ classroom practices in secondary schools in the South West Region of Cameroon. With the results confirming each other, the study recommends that mentoring should focus on helping teachers employ social interactions and instructional practices feedback and clarity in teaching that have direct measurable impact on students’ learning achievements. Andrew Ngeim Sumba | Frederick Ebot Ashu | Peter Agborbechem Tambi "The Role of Mentoring and Its Influence on the Effectiveness of the Teaching of Physics in Secondary Schools in the South West Region of Cameroon" Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-8 | Issue-1 , February 2024, URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/papers/ijtsrd64524.pdf Paper Url: https://www.ijtsrd.com/management/management-development/64524/the-role-of-mentoring-and-its-influence-on-the-effectiveness-of-the-teaching-of-physics-in-secondary-schools-in-the-south-west-region-of-cameroon/andrew-ngeim-sumba
Design Simulation and Hardware Construction of an Arduino Microcontroller Bas...ijtsrd
This study primarily focuses on the design of a high side buck converter using an Arduino microcontroller. The converter is specifically intended for use in DC DC applications, particularly in standalone solar PV systems where the PV output voltage exceeds the load or battery voltage. To evaluate the performance of the converter, simulation experiments are conducted using Proteus Software. These simulations provide insights into the input and output voltages, currents, powers, and efficiency under different state of charge SoC conditions of a 12V,70Ah rechargeable lead acid battery. Additionally, the hardware design of the converter is implemented, and practical data is collected through operation, monitoring, and recording. By comparing the simulation results with the practical results, the efficiency and performance of the designed converter are assessed. The findings indicate that while the buck converter is suitable for practical use in standalone PV systems, its efficiency is compromised due to a lower output current. Chan Myae Aung | Dr. Ei Mon "Design Simulation and Hardware Construction of an Arduino-Microcontroller Based DC-DC High-Side Buck Converter for Standalone PV System" Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-8 | Issue-1 , February 2024, URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/papers/ijtsrd64518.pdf Paper Url: https://www.ijtsrd.com/engineering/mechanical-engineering/64518/design-simulation-and-hardware-construction-of-an-arduinomicrocontroller-based-dcdc-highside-buck-converter-for-standalone-pv-system/chan-myae-aung
Sustainable Energy by Paul A. Adekunte | Matthew N. O. Sadiku | Janet O. Sadikuijtsrd
Energy becomes sustainable if it meets the needs of the present without compromising the ability of future generations to meet their own needs. Some of the definitions of sustainable energy include the considerations of environmental aspects such as greenhouse gas emissions, social, and economic aspects such as energy poverty. Generally far more sustainable than fossil fuel are renewable energy sources such as wind, hydroelectric power, solar, and geothermal energy sources. Worthy of note is that some renewable energy projects, like the clearing of forests to produce biofuels, can cause severe environmental damage. The sustainability of nuclear power which is a low carbon source is highly debated because of concerns about radioactive waste, nuclear proliferation, and accidents. The switching from coal to natural gas has environmental benefits, including a lower climate impact, but could lead to delay in switching to more sustainable options. “Carbon capture and storage” can be built into power plants to remove the carbon dioxide CO2 emissions, but this technology is expensive and has rarely been implemented. Leading non renewable energy sources around the world is fossil fuels, coal, petroleum, and natural gas. Nuclear energy is usually considered another non renewable energy source, although nuclear energy itself is a renewable energy source, but the material used in nuclear power plants is not. The paper addresses the issue of sustainable energy, its attendant benefits to the future generation, and humanity in general. Paul A. Adekunte | Matthew N. O. Sadiku | Janet O. Sadiku "Sustainable Energy" Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-8 | Issue-1 , February 2024, URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/papers/ijtsrd64534.pdf Paper Url: https://www.ijtsrd.com/engineering/electrical-engineering/64534/sustainable-energy/paul-a-adekunte
Concepts for Sudan Survey Act Implementations Executive Regulations and Stand...ijtsrd
This paper aims to outline the executive regulations, survey standards, and specifications required for the implementation of the Sudan Survey Act, and for regulating and organizing all surveying work activities in Sudan. The act has been discussed for more than 5 years. The Land Survey Act was initiated by the Sudan Survey Authority and all official legislations were headed by the Sudan Ministry of Justice till it was issued in 2022. The paper presents conceptual guidelines to be used for the Survey Act implementation and to regulate the survey work practice, standardizing the field surveys, processing, quality control, procedures, and the processes related to survey work carried out by the stakeholders and relevant authorities in Sudan. The conceptual guidelines are meant to improve the quality and harmonization of geospatial data and to aid decision making processes as well as geospatial information systems. The established comprehensive executive regulations will govern and regulate the implementation of the Sudan Survey Geomatics Act in all surveying and mapping practices undertaken by the Sudan Survey Authority SSA and state local survey departments for public or private sector organizations. The targeted standards and specifications include the reference frame, projection, coordinate systems, and the guidelines and specifications that must be followed in the field of survey work, processes, and mapping products. In the last few decades, there has been a growing awareness of the importance of geomatics activities and measurements on the Earths surface in space and time, together with observing and mapping the changes. In such cases, data must be captured promptly, standardized, and obtained with more accuracy and specified in much detail. The paper will also highlight the current situation in Sudan, the degree to which survey standards are used, the problems encountered, and the errors that arise from not using the standards and survey specifications. Kamal A. A. Sami "Concepts for Sudan Survey Act Implementations - Executive Regulations and Standards" Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-8 | Issue-1 , February 2024, URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/papers/ijtsrd63484.pdf Paper Url: https://www.ijtsrd.com/engineering/civil-engineering/63484/concepts-for-sudan-survey-act-implementations--executive-regulations-and-standards/kamal-a-a-sami
Towards the Implementation of the Sudan Interpolated Geoid Model Khartoum Sta...ijtsrd
The discussions between ellipsoid and geoid have invoked many researchers during the recent decades, especially during the GNSS technology era, which had witnessed a great deal of development but still geoid undulation requires more investigations. To figure out a solution for Sudans local geoid, this research has tried to intake the possibility of determining the geoid model by following two approaches, gravimetric and geometrical geoid model determination, by making use of GNSS leveling benchmarks at Khartoum state. The Benchmarks are well distributed in the study area, in which, the horizontal coordinates and the height above the ellipsoid have been observed by GNSS while orthometric heights were carried out using precise leveling. The Global Geopotential Model GGM represented in EGM2008 has been exploited to figure out the geoid undulation at the benchmarks in the study area. This is followed by a fitting process, that has been done to suit the geoid undulation data which has been computed using GNSS leveling data and geoid undulation inspired by the EGM2008. Two geoid surfaces were created after the fitting process to ensure that they are identical and both of them could be counted for getting the same geoid undulation with an acceptable accuracy. In this respect, statistical operation played an important role in ensuring the consistency and integrity of the model by applying cross validation techniques splitting the data into training and testing datasets for building the geoid model and testing its eligibility. The geometrical solution for geoid undulation computation has been utilized by applying straightforward equations that facilitate the calculation of the geoid undulation directly through applying statistical techniques for the GNSS leveling data of the study area to get the common equation parameters values that could be utilized to calculate geoid undulation of any position in the study area within the claimed accuracy. Both systems were checked and proved eligible to be used within the study area with acceptable accuracy which may contribute to solving the geoid undulation problem in the Khartoum area, and be further generalized to determine the geoid model over the entire country, and this could be considered in the future, for regional and continental geoid model. Ahmed M. A. Mohammed. | Kamal A. A. Sami "Towards the Implementation of the Sudan Interpolated Geoid Model (Khartoum State Case Study)" Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-8 | Issue-1 , February 2024, URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/papers/ijtsrd63483.pdf Paper Url: https://www.ijtsrd.com/engineering/civil-engineering/63483/towards-the-implementation-of-the-sudan-interpolated-geoid-model-khartoum-state-case-study/ahmed-m-a-mohammed
Activating Geospatial Information for Sudans Sustainable Investment Mapijtsrd
Sudan is witnessing an acceleration in the processes of development and transformation in the performance of government institutions to raise the productivity and investment efficiency of the government sector. The development plans and investment opportunities have focused on achieving national goals in various sectors. This paper aims to illuminate the path to the future and provide geospatial data and information to develop the investment climate and environment for all sized businesses, and to bridge the development gap between the Sudan states. The Sudan Survey Authority SSA is the main advisor to the Sudan Government in conducting surveying, mappings, designing, and developing systems related to geospatial data and information. In recent years, SSA made a strategic partnership with the Ministry of Investment to activate Geospatial Information for Sudans Sustainable Investment and in particular, for the preparation and implementation of the Sudan investment map, based on the directives and objectives of the Ministry of Investment MI in Sudan. This paper comes within the framework of activating the efforts of the Ministry of Investment to develop technical investment services by applying techniques adopted by the Ministry and its strategic partners for advancing investment processes in the country. Kamal A. A. Sami "Activating Geospatial Information for Sudan's Sustainable Investment Map" Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-8 | Issue-1 , February 2024, URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/papers/ijtsrd63482.pdf Paper Url: https://www.ijtsrd.com/engineering/information-technology/63482/activating-geospatial-information-for-sudans-sustainable-investment-map/kamal-a-a-sami
Educational Unity Embracing Diversity for a Stronger Societyijtsrd
In a rapidly changing global landscape, the importance of education as a unifying force cannot be overstated. This paper explores the crucial role of educational unity in fostering a stronger and more inclusive society through the embrace of diversity. By examining the benefits of diverse learning environments, the paper aims to highlight the positive impact on societal strength. The discussion encompasses various dimensions, from curriculum design to classroom dynamics, and emphasizes the need for educational institutions to become catalysts for unity in diversity. It highlights the need for a paradigm shift in educational policies, curricula, and pedagogical approaches to ensure that they are reflective of the diverse fabric of society. This paper also addresses the challenges associated with implementing inclusive educational practices and offers practical strategies for overcoming barriers. It advocates for collaborative efforts between educational institutions, policymakers, and communities to create a supportive ecosystem that promotes diversity and unity. Mr. Amit Adhikari | Madhumita Teli | Gopal Adhikari "Educational Unity: Embracing Diversity for a Stronger Society" Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-8 | Issue-1 , February 2024, URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/papers/ijtsrd64525.pdf Paper Url: https://www.ijtsrd.com/humanities-and-the-arts/education/64525/educational-unity-embracing-diversity-for-a-stronger-society/mr-amit-adhikari
Integration of Indian Indigenous Knowledge System in Management Prospects and...ijtsrd
The diversity of indigenous knowledge systems in India is vast and can vary significantly between different communities and regions. Preserving and respecting these knowledge systems is crucial for maintaining cultural heritage, promoting sustainable practices, and fostering cross cultural understanding. In this paper, an overview of the prospects and challenges associated with incorporating Indian indigenous knowledge into management is explored. It is found that IIKS helps in management in many areas like sustainable development, tourism, food security, natural resource management, cultural preservation and innovation, etc. However, IIKS integration with management faces some challenges in the form of a lack of documentation, cultural sensitivity, language barriers legal framework, etc. Savita Lathwal "Integration of Indian Indigenous Knowledge System in Management: Prospects and Challenges" Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-8 | Issue-1 , February 2024, URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/papers/ijtsrd63500.pdf Paper Url: https://www.ijtsrd.com/management/accounting-and-finance/63500/integration-of-indian-indigenous-knowledge-system-in-management-prospects-and-challenges/savita-lathwal
DeepMask Transforming Face Mask Identification for Better Pandemic Control in...ijtsrd
The COVID 19 pandemic has highlighted the crucial need of preventive measures, with widespread use of face masks being a key method for slowing the viruss spread. This research investigates face mask identification using deep learning as a technological solution to be reducing the risk of coronavirus transmission. The proposed method uses state of the art convolutional neural networks CNNs and transfer learning to automatically recognize persons who are not wearing masks in a variety of circumstances. We discuss how this strategy improves public health and safety by providing an efficient manner of enforcing mask wearing standards. The report also discusses the obstacles, ethical concerns, and prospective applications of face mask detection systems in the ongoing fight against the pandemic. Dilip Kumar Sharma | Aaditya Yadav "DeepMask: Transforming Face Mask Identification for Better Pandemic Control in the COVID-19 Era" Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-8 | Issue-1 , February 2024, URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/papers/ijtsrd64522.pdf Paper Url: https://www.ijtsrd.com/engineering/electronics-and-communication-engineering/64522/deepmask-transforming-face-mask-identification-for-better-pandemic-control-in-the-covid19-era/dilip-kumar-sharma
Streamlining Data Collection eCRF Design and Machine Learningijtsrd
Efficient and accurate data collection is paramount in clinical trials, and the design of Electronic Case Report Forms eCRFs plays a pivotal role in streamlining this process. This paper explores the integration of machine learning techniques in the design and implementation of eCRFs to enhance data collection efficiency. We delve into the synergies between eCRF design principles and machine learning algorithms, aiming to optimize data quality, reduce errors, and expedite the overall data collection process. The application of machine learning in eCRF design brings forth innovative approaches to data validation, anomaly detection, and real time adaptability. This paper discusses the benefits, challenges, and future prospects of leveraging machine learning in eCRF design for streamlined and advanced data collection in clinical trials. Dhanalakshmi D | Vijaya Lakshmi Kannareddy "Streamlining Data Collection: eCRF Design and Machine Learning" Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-8 | Issue-1 , February 2024, URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/papers/ijtsrd63515.pdf Paper Url: https://www.ijtsrd.com/biological-science/biotechnology/63515/streamlining-data-collection-ecrf-design-and-machine-learning/dhanalakshmi-d
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Perspectives on Developing, Enhancing and Sustaining Interests in the Teaching and Learning of Mathematics in Secondary Schools in the South West Region of Cameroon
1. International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (IJTSRD)
Volume 4 Issue 4, June 2020 Available Online: www.ijtsrd.com e-ISSN: 2456 – 6470
@ IJTSRD | Unique Paper ID – IJTSRD30912 | Volume – 4 | Issue – 4 | May-June 2020 Page 89
Perspectives on Developing, Enhancing and Sustaining
Interests in the Teaching and Learning of Mathematics in
Secondary Schools in the South West Region of Cameroon
Besong Francis Mbeng1 (PhD), Agborbechem Peter Tambi2 (PhD)
2Associate Professor,
1,2Faculty of Education, University of Buea, Buea, Cameroon
ABSTRACT
Mathematics is the beauty of sciences and the foundation of modern human
society. Consequently, theinfluenceof mathematicspervadesthe entiregamut
of our everyday human endeavour. Mathematical knowledge and skills are
necessary in almost every field of human endeavour. It now becomes obvious
that mathematics as a discipline is anindispensableelementinman’squestfor
better living. Advancements in science and technology being very vital for
man’s survival will certainly not be possible without mathematics.
Mathematics finds useful applications to varying degrees albeit to various
aspects of life; in the industry, music, agriculture, commerce, medicine,
tailoring, building and construction, carpentry, engineering, etc. This is the
raison d’être why mathematicshascontinuedtoattractconsiderableattention
in our educational systems round the globe.
The findings of this study show that this phenomenon of our students shying
away from mathematics more than any other single factor is the spring board
for the poor state of mathematics teaching and learning in our secondary
schools in Cameroon. When once a student is afraid of any mathematical task,
the one does everything to avoid the task. But where the studentmustfacethe
task, the one does so with lack of interest –mathematics phobia. In spite of
government’s efforttomake mathematicsinstructioninoursecondaryschools
in Cameroon compulsory, studies show that performance in mathematicsstill
remains appallingly poor.
This study investigated perspectives on developing,enhancingandsustaining
interests in the teaching and learning of mathematics in secondary schools in
the South West Region of Cameroon. Methodologically, the study employed a
“Mixed Method” research design which incorporated the quasi-experimental
and survey research designs. The target population of the study was 40,866
for students, for teachers 1,032 and for schools 183. Two secondary schools
were selected per division, making a total of 12 secondary schoolsfromthesix
divisions were randomly selected for the study. The sample size was 432
which comprised; 24 mathematicsteachersand408mathematicsstudents.24
secondary schools randomly selected for the study from six divisions of the
South West region.
Specifically, the study assessed the extent at which availability and
appropriateness in use, of instructional resources affect students’ academic
performance in mathematics in secondary schools. Two research questions
were answered and two hypotheses were tested. A questionnaire and a
mathematics achievement test (MAT) were used for data collection. Three
experts validated the mathematics achievement test (MAT).The data were
analysed descriptively using percentages, mean, standard deviation and
inferentially using the Pearson product moment correlation coefficient, R, at
P<5 and the means comparedforthequasi-experiments. Thefindingsrevealed
that there was a significant influence of availability of instructional resources
on students mathematics performance (R=0.303, P=0.05); there was a weak
influence of appropriate use of instructional resources on students
mathematics performance (R=0.201,P=0.05). There wassignificantdifference
in the mean score of students taught using instructional resources than those
taught using conventional methods (without instructional resources).Results
revealed that students taught using instructional resources performed better
than students taught using conventional
methods by quasi-experimental.Basedon
the findings, it was recommendedthatthe
ministry of secondary education in
Cameroon and other education
stakeholders should collaborate to
encourage teachers’ adoption and
successful integration of diverse
instructional resources in the
teaching/learning process.
In aggregate, students were mostly not
satisfied with the use of print media asthe
highest weight response of 45.8%,
highlighted that print media were not
available. 27.4% to a low extent satisfied
with the use of print media while 26.7%
of them were highly satisfied.
Instructional resources are first not
available in our secondary schools in
Cameroon and mathematics teachers do
not make use of them in mathematics
instruction.
KEYWORDS:
PERSPECTIVES: The position or view or a
way of regarding situations or topics.
DEVELOPING: Gradually unfolding or
growing (scaffolding).
ENHANCING: To advance, to increase, to
augment, to heighten,tomakemorecostly
or attractive.
SUSTAINING: Self- sufficient; beingableto
provide for your own needs without help
from others.
How to cite this paper: Besong Francis
Mbeng | Agborbechem Peter Tambi
"Perspectives on Developing, Enhancing
and Sustaining Interests in the Teaching
and Learning of Mathematics in
Secondary Schools in the South West
Region ofCameroon"
Published in
International Journal
of Trend in Scientific
Research and
Development
(ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-
6470, Volume-4 |
Issue-4, June 2020, pp.89-103, URL:
www.ijtsrd.com/papers/ijtsrd30912.pdf
IJTSRD30912
3. International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (IJTSRD) @ www.ijtsrd.com eISSN: 2456-6470
@ IJTSRD | Unique Paper ID – IJTSRD30912 | Volume – 4 | Issue – 4 | May-June 2020 Page 91
The knowledge obtained from this study will help the
government most especially educators to reflect and make
evaluation on the requirements of other instructional
materials apart from class-rooms alone. Following the
creation of many secondary schools, the government and
local communities have been putting more emphasis on the
construction of new class-rooms, and recently, construction
of laboratories. However, provision of quality secondary
school education requires more than just class-rooms and
laboratory buildings. The evaluation of instructional
materials, along with other reform movements, allows
educators and planners to plan forappropriate environment
for teaching and learning so as to provide quality secondary
school education.
Also the knowledge acquired from this study would be very
important to other researchers who have interest in the use
of instructional materials in schools in general and
secondary schools in particular. If the study concludes that
students in community secondary schools perform poorly
due to the lack of sufficient instructional materials, this
knowledge will enable education planners to re-think the
range of services the government and local communitiescan
provide to school-aged children, and the wider community,
and to find creative ways of improving school facilities that
would otherwise be ineffectively utilized due to funding
pressure. The benefactors of using instructional resources
are; the students, the stakeholders, the government and the
society at large.
This study also projects the need to embrace modern day
technologically based instructional materials in classrooms.
In today’s classroom, teachers have more tools to help
students understandmathematical conceptsanda balanceof
traditional and modern methods of teaching can help
students of all abilities. Instructional resources like
Information and Communication Technologies (ICTs) are
essential in teaching and learning mathematics; they
influence what is taught and enhances students’ learning.
Mathematics is not only a subject; it relatestomanythingsin
human’s daily life. Its study provides students with sure
basic life, skills, and processes that will prepare them to be
productive members of society.
Proper and coordinated utilization of innovation impacts
each aspect of mathematics education: why mathematics is
taught, how mathematics is taught and learned, and how
mathematics is assessed. Changes in mathematics including
the use of technology have beenadvocatedforacrossseveral
years. The teachers who use materials to enhance their
classroom such as computers, calculators, and other
technology along with concrete materials can connect
materials with effective and developmentally appropriate
tasks in which students can engage learning mathematics
with technology engaging students in more active
mathematical practices such as experimenting, analysing,
reasoning, problem-solving (Capuno, Revalde, Etcuban,
Aventuna, Medio, and Demeterio 2019).
This study would be useful to classroomteachersastheywill
be better informed on how to help guide their students on
better ways of selecting and using instructional resources.
The teachers can also engage students to do some of the
illustrationsduringmathematicsinstructions.Thisstudywill
also steer government and proprietors of schools to
recognize the need to adequately equip their schools with
current and appropriate instructional materials, prove the
worth of instruction materials in the teaching learning
processes and inculcate in teachers the habit of using
instructional materials appropriately in teaching learning
process to arouse interest and determination among
students.
This study will also help to develop problem solving skills in
students and enable them to be more resourceful during
lessons. The study couldbebeneficial tocurriculumplanners
who would design functional curriculum by taking into
consideration instructional resources. The findings of
this study, if discussed in workshopsandseminarswill guide
the choice of instructional resources used in the
teaching/learning process in mathematics andothersubject
areas. The findings of this study will equally help to alleviate
the problem of the scarcity of instructional materials for
mathematics teaching/learning.
The results of the study could provide information to
researchers interested in working on student-teachers
generated improvised instructional resources in other
subject areas. This may help them to get more information
on the efficacy of improvisation,especiallyresearchersinthe
area of science and technology. Parents and teachers will be
better informed on how to encourageandhelptheirchildren
towards the productionofimprovisedmaterials.Thismaybe
in form of sourcing local materials and providing funds for
those that cannot be found in their environment.
REVIEW OF RELATED LITERATURE
MATHEMATICS INSTRUCTION: GENERATING AND
SUSTAINING INTEREST.
Preceding this section were explanations on factors that
militate towards lack of interest and fear in mathematics.
The factors expounded above were largely responsible for
the low attainment and dampen interest in the teaching and
learning of mathematics in secondary schools. A shift now
and focus is on the examination of ways in which interest in
the learning and teaching of mathematics can be enhanced
and sustained.
Recommended strategies which the secondary school
teacher can adopt to enhance and sustain the interest of
learners in the study of mathematics include:
A. Appropriate Set Induction Strategies:
Set induction simply refers to the manner and way a teacher
introduces the lesson. This skill is a potent determinant of
the students’ level of interest in the lesson. In order to
awaken or arouse the interest of the students ab initio, it is
important for the instructor to employ this technique. In
order to arouse the interest of the learners from the onset of
the lesson, the instructor should seek tointroducethelesson
in such a way that it is efficacious in terms of arousing the
interest of the students. The students’ interest can be
sustained throughskillful instructional managementifatthis
stage their interest has been aroused. Mkpa (1989) asserts
that until instructors will come to grips with appropriate set
induction strategies, then will there be meaningful
instruction in our classrooms. .
In order to effectively impart on the learners skills and
attitudes for meaningful learning and objectives to be
attained, instructors need take time in lesson preparation .
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Instructors necessarily have to incorporate in their lessons
those instructional resources and practices that will arouse,
sustain and develop latent mathematical skills in the
learners, rather than rely on textbooks Moulton (1997).
B. Effective Use of Instructional Resources
Thinking out effective ways of introducing a lesson requires
that the instructor plans lessons in advance Jaeger
(1988).During the planning stage, it is demanded of the
instructor to think out effective ways of introducing a lesson
such as to arouse the interest of the students. There are
several reasons to advocate the use of instructional
resources as a means of generatingandsustaininginterestin
mathematics learning. In general, the level of abstraction
involved in the learning of a mathematical concept can be
reduced can be reduced by the use of instructional
resources. Bassey (2005) agreesthatinstructionalresources
help to concretize learning and make instruction more
meaningful. The greatest obstacle in cultivating interest for
mathematics to many learners is itsabstractnature.Thiscan
considerably be reduced through the effective applicationof
instructional resources in mathematics instruction.
Instructional materials are often accompanied by teacher
manuals, which are important resources for teachers.
Beverlee (2004) opines that depending on textbooks by
instructors usually undermines fundamental educational
reforms.
If the goal is to teach according to standards, the quality of
the instructional materials is as important to teachersasitis
to students. Such a situation arises, for example, if the
materials represent an activity-based or inquiry-based
science program, and the teachers have traditionally
depended on textbooks and didactic lessons (Little, 1999).
This dependence on textbooks by instructors unfortunately
has a negative toll in the instructional process Beverlee
(2004).
The lack or absence of standard instructional resources in a
school is not a sufficient reason for instructors not to use
them during instruction. Instructors have the option to
improvise in the case where standard instructional
resources are not available. Mathematics teachers can
improvise and use a lot of cheapinstructional resourceswith
relative ease. Cheapinstructional resourcesfromtheleaners’
environment will most often compare favourably with
standard ones in terms of satisfying the instructional
objectives.
C. Involving Students in Activities
In order to sustain the interest of the students in
mathematics, it is but necessary to involve them in relevant
classroom activities. This would go a long way to definitely
sustain the interest of the learners. Instructional activities
which are purely didactic with little or no provision for
students’ participation in classroom activities often become
boring and unexciting, Donald, J. F. & Andrew, C. P. (1989).
One sure way of making students loose interest in the
subject, is to teach mathematics as though one is telling a
story. Sufficient activities either in a physical or intellectual
sense should be provided for learners. These activities will
make mathematics learning fun for the students.
Because instructional materials influence the instructional
process, they also affect the content of professional
development .Workshops are organized to sharpen and
update the skills of the instructors on how to use
instructional resources in classrooms. In particular,
inexperienced teachers who are preoccupied with the
practicalities of teaching are interested in workshops
directly related to their lesson plans (Loucks-Horsley,Stiles,
and Hewson, 1996). Thus, the quality of the instructional
materials will directly affect the quality of the teaching.
Developing lesson plans that make for interactive
classrooms for teaching mathematics so as to meet content
standards (Massell, Kirst, and Hoppe, 1997) remains an
uphill task for many mathematics instructors.
D. Relating Mathematics Instruction to Real Life
Tyson-Bernstein (1988), asserts that “commercial” writing
and lack of ethical standards are obstacles to textbook
reform at all educational levels. This same author advocates
sequencing of learning, so as to meet the needs of the
learners. The same author argues that publishers are
compelled by public policies and practices to produce
textbooks that confuse and mislead the learners. The writer
is opined that the textbooks misinform the learners and are
boring with pointless arid writing. Consequently, relating
mathematics instruction to real life situations in our
classrooms is not common place.
From the perspective of promoting mathematicsinstruction
in such a way that will develop, enhance and sustaininterest
in the learners, instructional materials are critical and
essential tools. Adoption of materials that promote the
learning of important ideas, competences and skills is then
essential if mathematics education is to become a reality in
Cameroon classrooms. Therefore, frantic efforts have to be
made by government and policy makers in conjunction with
education stakeholders and teachers to relate mathematics
instruction to real life situations. Instructors at all times
should endeavor to make use of instructional resources that
relate the lessons to real life situations, this in a bid to
develop, enhance and sustain the interest of the learners.
Such materials would improve curricula and significantly
impact daily teaching practices (Tyson, 1997; Tyson-
Bernstein, 1988). The review of instructional materials
during a selection process, if well structured, can serveasan
important professional development experience for
participants.Reviewprocessesthatrequireunderstandingof
the standards and foster rigorous analysis of the materials
can be powerful learning experiences (Brearton and
Shuttleworth, 1999).
METHODOLOGY
The study employed the mixed-methods approach with the
adoption of qualitative and quantitative methods. The type
of mixed method design employed for the study was the
sequential explanatorydesignwhichincorporatedthequasi-
experimental and survey strategies. This mixed method was
characterized by collection and analysis of both quantitative
and qualitative data. Quantitative data from questionnaire
survey and quasi-experiment were analysed alongside
qualitative data. The data analysis and explanations were
done sequentially; hence the name sequential explanatory
design that was used in this study (Creswell andPlanoClark,
2011).
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The research design chosenforthisstudyisrelevantbecause
it plan; structure and strategy were conceived to obtain
answers to the study’s research questionsandhypotheses.It
was also presumed that the outcome of the study would not
be the generalization of the result obtained, but a profound
understanding of the experiences from the perspectives of
the selected participants for this study (Creswell, 2009).
Area of Study
This study is carried out in the South West region of
Cameroon which has a total of 183 publicsecondaryschools.
The South West region has both urban and rural secondary
schools. The choice ofthe SouthWest region wasdetermined
by accessibility and familiarity of the locality to the
researcher which madeiteasytodevelopimmediaterapport
with the respondents hence makingdata collectioneasy.The
researcher also found the location quite accessible. Best
(1993) pointed out that, since research requires careful
thought, a number of practical factors includingaccessibility
and cost factors become legitimate considerations.
The South West region of Cameroon has schools of all strata
in the region. These schools range from the tertiary to
kindergarten. The region has one state owned university
situated in Buea run by state authorities and about fifteen
private universities. There are one hundredandeightythree
first cycle and second cycle secondary schools. There are
about 140 confessional and lay private secondary schools
located in all the six divisions of the region. The South West
region is divided into six divisions: Fako, Koupé-
Manengouba, Lebialem, Manyu, Meme, and Ndian. These
Divisions are in turn broken down into subdivisions.
Equally, the government of Cameroon has the responsibility
of creating and opening public secondary schools in
Cameroon. The administrators and teachers are appointed
and posted to the publicschoolsbythegovernmentprecisely
by the minister of secondary education in Cameroon.
Generally, in many public schools there is a problem with
shortage of teachers generally and particularly in most
public secondary schools there are few mathematics and
science teachers in schools in the schools. This lack of
trained mathematics and science teachers in the South West
Region influences the teaching of mathematics in secondary
schools with respect to strategies, materials and resources
used by the teachers to teach the subject to the students.
Again, over 80% of the inhabitants of the South West Region
of Cameroon are engaged in agriculture (Ngulle, Njabebuh,
Ngeti, Obenengu, and Ewane, 2007). The crops include
cassava, cocoyam, plantains,banana,yams,andfruitssuchas
avocado, orange and mango. Cashcropsincludecocoa,coffee
and banana. Maize can be cultivated continuously
throughout the year, due to the year-round rainfall in the
area. There is small scale poultry farming and piggery.
Plantation agriculture for banana and pineapples is carried
out by the Cameroon Development Corporation (CDC) in
partnership with the company Del-Monte (Ngulle et al.
2007). Agriculture is the most dominant economic activity,
with both indigenous and settlers involved in subsistence
food crop farming of cocoyam, yellow coco (Akwana), taro
(Ibo-coco), plantains, cassava, yams, maize, tropical fruits
and vegetables. Although as parents engage in agriculture
and farming activities, they believe in the profound
education of their children in schools. This is clear as the
schools in both rural and urban areas have a high student
enrolment (South West Regional Delegation of Secondary
Education Buea, 2015/2016 academic year).
Culturally, most of the inhabitants of the South West Region
are from diverse cultural backgrounds who share the same
beliefs of proper and responsible upbringing of their
children to respect family and community norms (Lo-oh &
Monju, 2018). Most families here believe that children
should be trained to be responsible rather than being idle
and lazy. As such, parents ensure that their children are in
schools as it is accepTableamong the settlers of the Region
who belief in proper socialisation of their childrenculturally
to the norms and values they hold.
In addition to the economic and socio-cultural background,
families believe that educating children in schools would
prepare them for the changing society (Tchombe, 2011).
Still, parents commonly encourage their children tostudyas
they tell the children that schooling would provide better
opportunities for them to be skilled in different professions.
Furthermore, Nsamenang (2003) argued that African
parents use a holistic approach to train their children to
adapt culturally, socially,economicallyandpoliticallyasthey
grow up.
The South West region is situated in the Latitude of
Greenwich Meridian Time (GMT). This zone is characterized
by dense vegetation, a vast hydrographic network and a hot
and humid climate. This region is famous for the farming of
cocoa, palm trees, banana, rubber tree and coffee, etc. The
South West Region is situated in between the latitudes 4o
and 6o59N and longitudes 8oand 10oE.
The southern part is bordered by the Atlantic Ocean and the
Northern part by theBamenda andBamboutosPlateau at the
North-West and Westregionsrespectively.TheWesternpart
is bordered by the Federal Republic of Nigeria while the
Eastern part is bordered by West and Littoral Regions. The
South-West covers an area of 22085Km2 representingabout
5% of the total surface area of Cameroun and with an
estimated population of about 1384286inhabitants.Itis one
of the two regions that make up the Anglophone Cameroon.
It constitutes one of the richest regions of the country. Mt.
Cameroon (elev. 4,095 m), which last erupted in 2000, is the
only active volcano in the Gulf of Guinea, West Africa. It is a
member of an alignmentofvolcanoesstretchingfromislands
of the Atlantic Ocean (Pagalu, Sao Tome and Principe and
Bioko) to the main land (Mounts Cameroon, Manengouba,
Bamboutos and Oku).
Population of the Study
The population of this study comprised of 1,032
mathematics teachers from 183 secondary schools and
40,866 form 5 mathematics students in the South West
region of Cameroon.
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Table1: Distribution of Form 5 Students in Secondary Schools in the South West region of Cameroon
Division Number of Form 5 students
Fako 16579
Kupe Muanenguba 5318
Lebialem 5854
Manyu 4620
Meme 5642
Ndian 2853
Total 40,866
Source: List of Schools Operating in the South West Region 2015/2016.
RDSE/SW (Regional Delegation of Secondary Education/ South West).
Target and accessible population of the study
The target population of the study was the same as the accessible population of the study which comprised of 1,032
mathematics teachers from 183 secondary schools and 40,866 form 5 mathematics students in the South West region of
Cameroon.
SAMPLING PROCEDURE
Stratified random sampling was used in this study. For the purpose of getting a representative sample, schools were
categorized into two groups, namely, urban and rural schools. 408 form 5 students were randomly selected across the classes
to fill the questionnaire.
RESEARCH INSTRUMENTS
The collection of data was done by use of questionnaire and a Mathematics Achievement Test (MAT).
VALIDITY OF INSTRUMENTS
Construct validity, content validity, face validity and external validity were done, the instrument were pre-tested and missing
value analysis was done to identify questions that were not answered and to understand the reason why. Cronbach’s Alpha
reliability test was to make sure that the internal consistency assumptionisnotviolated.Thesevalidationproceduresandtests
were important to identify potential problems with the data collection instruments or data gathering procedure and solve
them. Besides these, the competence of research assistants was properly checked and they were properly enlightened on the
topic and the research protocol before being sent to the field. The consent of students was sought after they were properly
presented with the rationale behind the study before their participation in the study.
To ensure that the research instruments measured consistently what they were designed to measure, the instruments were
trial-tested using 10 students from Government High School Great Soppo, both schools in the South WestRegionof Cameroon.
The Alpha reliability coefficients ranged from 0.646 to 0.826 while this value was equally very satisfactory for the integrated
value mapping (IVM) of 0.817 as indicated on Table2 below.
Table2: Reliability analysis for the pilot study
Conceptual components Cronbach’s Alpha Variance Ncases Nitems
Availability of instructional resources 0.826 0.038 10 8
Appropriateness of instructional resources 0.738 0.023 10 9
IVM 0.782 0.049 10 17
From Table2 above, the Cronbach Alpha reliability coefficient for availability of instructional resources was 0.826,
appropriateness of instructional resources it was 0.738. The IVMwasappreciatedat0.782.Thisshowedthatthequestionnaire
was reliable as the reliability coefficient was above the 0.5 threshold level.
DATA COLLECTION
Simple random sampling was used to select students whom the questionnaire was administered to across the forms 5 and
upper sixth mathematics students. Data were entered usingEpiData Version3.1(EpiData Association,OdenseDenmark,2008)
and analyzed using the Statistical Package for Social Sciences (SPSS) standard version, Released 21.0 (SPSS Inc. 2012).
DATA ANALYSIS AND PRESENTATION
In the research, descriptive (quantitative) statistics, and qualitative techniques were used to analyze the data. This study also
used qualitative techniques to analyze data collected from content analysis. Descriptive analysis employed frequencies,
proportions and MRA to aggregate scores within conceptual components while the research question was answered using
Logistic Regression. The effect of individual predictors was appraisedusingtheLog-likelihoodRatiotest,theoverall variability
explained using the Cox and Snell R-Square while the significance of the variability explained was depicted by the Omnibus
Tests of Model Coefficient. Discrepancy between rural and urban schools was appraised using Chi-Square test of equality of
proportion. As for the qualitative data that emerged from open-ended questions, they were analyzed using the process of
thematic analysis whereby concepts or ideas were grouped under umbrella themes or key words with the support of Atlas Ti
5.2 (Atlas Ti GMBH, 2006).
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FINDINGS
Research question one: To what extent does the availability of instructional resourcesin theteaching ofmathematics
affect students’ performance?
The findings here reveal information on the availability of instructional resources in the teaching of mathematics. This brings
out the different instructional resources available and how they are used in the teaching of mathematics.
Table3: Availability of instructional resources
Items Not at all Low extent High extent Total Mean SD
Printed material is available in
schools for the teaching of
mathematics.
00 (0.0%) 85 (20.8%) 323 (79.2%) 408 2.97 0.56
My mathematics teacher uses
available printed materials in his
daily teaching of mathematics.
12 (2.9%) 112 (27.5%) 284 (69.6%) 408 2.62 0.63
Non-projected / display
instructional resources are available
in schools for the teaching of
mathematics.
45 (11.0%) 216 (53.0%) 147 (36.0%) 408 2.00 0.55
Projected / audio-visual
instructional resources are available
in schools for the teaching of
mathematics.
192 (47.1%) 174 (42.6%) 40 (10.3%) 408 0.94 0.23
My mathematics teacher uses
projected / audio-visual
instructional resources in his daily
teaching of mathematics.
220 (53.9%) 147 (36.0%) 41 (10.1%) 408 0.76 0.47
Computer laboratories are available
in schools for the teaching of
mathematics.
215 (52.7%) 125 (30.7%) 68 (16.7%) 408 1.01 0.63
Mathematics laboratories are
available in schools for the teaching
of mathematics.
352 (86.3%) 49 (12.0%) 07 (1.7%) 408 0.23 0.65
Library centres in school are used
for the teaching of mathematics.
205 (50.3%) 150 (36.7%) 53 (13.0%) 408 0.96 0.96
MRS 1241 (38.0%) 1058 (32.5%) 965 (29.5%) 3264 (100%) 1.44 0.59
The findings revealed on Table1 that some (20.8%) respondents indicated that there was a low extent of printed materials
available in schools for the teaching of mathematics while majority (79.2%) respondents indicated a high extent. Again the
mean (2.97) and standard deviation (0.56) reveals the availability of printed materials. Also very few (2.9%) respondents
indicated that there no mathematics teachers use available printed materials their daily teaching of mathematics while some
(27.5%) indicated a low extent and majority (69.6%) a high extent witha mean(2.62)anda standarddeviation(0.63).Still,few
(11.0%) respondents indicated that non-projected/display instructional resources were not available in schools for the
teaching of mathematics while majority (53.0%) indicated that they were to a low extent andsome(36.0%)indicatedtoa high
extent.
Furthermore, most (47.1%) respondents indicated that they were no projected/audio-visual instructional resources were
available in schools for the teaching of mathematics while some (42.6%) indicated they were to a low extent and few (10.3%)
indicated they were to a high extent. Equally, majority (53.9%) respondents indicated that their mathematics teacher did not
use projected/audio-visual instructional resources in their daily teaching of mathematics while some (36.0%) indicated they
used to a low extent and few (10.1%) indicated they used to a high extent.
Moreover, majority (52.7%) respondents indicated that they were no computer laboratories available in schools for the
teaching of mathematics while some (30.7%) indicated that they were available to a low extent while few (16.7%) indicated
that they were available to a high extent. In the same light majority (86.3%) respondents indicated that there were no
mathematics laboratories available for the teaching of mathematics while few (12.0%) indicatedtheyweretoa low extentand
very few (1.7%) indicated they were available to a high extent. In addition majority (50.3%) respondents indicated that there
were no library centres in schools used for the teaching of mathematics while some (36.7%) respondents indicated theywere
available to a low extent and few (13.0%) indicated they were available to a high extent.
The findings from the multiple response sets indicated that most (38.0%) respondents revealed that instructional resources
were not available in schools for the teaching of mathematics while some (32.5%) respondents indicated that they were
available to a low extent and some (29.5%) indicated that they were available to a high extent.Againthe weightedmean(1.44)
and standard deviation of (0.59) indicated that instructional materials were available in schools to a low extent. This shows
that there is limited use of instructional resources in secondary schools for the teaching of mathematics.
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Furthermore findings from observations indicated that instructional resources such astextbooks,mathematicsjournals,hand
outs and photocopied materials were always used for the teaching of mathematics in most schools while in some schools the
materials were used sometimes. Again interviews conducted revealed that instructional materials were available for the
teaching of geometrical shapes such as circles, triangles, rectangles, squares, cubes and cuboids.
Also interviewees indicatedthatnon-projected/displayinstructional resourcessuchascharts,flannel boards, radio, abacus,flip
charts and graph boards were available to a lesser extent in some schools. Interviewsfurtherindicated insomeschoolsthat
projected/audio-visual instructional resources such as television, overhead projectors and computers were available for the
teaching of mathematics. The findings therefore show that instructional resources are available to a lesser extent for the
teaching of mathematics.
To further ascertain the effect of availability of instructional resources on students’ performance inmathematicsin secondary
schools, the quasi-experiment carried out indicated that there was a mean gain in score of 11.19 after the treatment was
administered with instructional resources used in the experimental group from the pre-test and post-testscores.On theother
hand there was a mean score gain of 10.54 in the control group using the conventional teaching method from the pre-test and
post-test scores as indicated on Tablebelow.
Research Hypothesis one: Thereisnosignificantrelationshipbetween theavailabilityofinstructionalresourcesin the
teaching of mathematics and students’ academic performance
To further ascertain the effect of availability of instructional resources in the teaching of mathematics and the performanceof
students in mathematics the Pearson product moment correlation coefficient was used to ascertain the effect as indicated on
the Tablebelow.
Table4: Perceived effect of availability of instructional resources on students’ performance in mathematics
Availability of
instructional resources
Students performance
in mathematics
Availability of
instructional resources
Pearson Correlation 1 .303**
Sig. (2-tailed) .000
N 408 408
Students performance
in mathematics
Pearson Correlation .303** 1
Sig. (2-tailed) .000
N 408 408
**. Correlation is significant at the 0.05 level (2-tailed).
From Table3 above the Pearson Product moment correlation coefficient (R = 0.303, P=0.05) indicates that there is a strong
positive effect of the availability of instructional resources on students’ performance in mathematics in secondary schools in
the South West Region of Cameroon. This shows that if more instructional resources are available students would perform
better in mathematics. Hence the null hypothesisisrejectedandthealternatehypothesisisacceptedwhichstatesthatthethere
is a significant relationship between the availability of instructional resources in the teaching of mathematics and students’
performance.
Furthermore from the quasi-experiment findings revealed there is a significant effect for mode of instructiononavailabilityof
instructional resources on students achievement in mathematics f(1.139) = 0.021, p<.018. The null hypothesis therefore, was
rejected, indicating that there is a significant difference in the mean achievement score of students taught mathematics using
available instructional resourcesthanthosetaughtusing conventional instructional resources.Themeanachievementscorefor
availability of instructional resources was 24.76, while that for conventional teaching methods was18.51.Thenull hypothesis
therefore was rejected indicating that there is significant difference in the mean achievement score of students taught.
Research question two: To what extent does appropriateness in use of instructional resources in the teaching of
mathematics affect students’ performance?
The findings here reveal the appropriateness in use of instructional resources in the teaching of mathematicsandtheeffecton
students’ performance in mathematics.
Table5: The appropriateness in use of instructional resources
Items Not at all Low extent High Extent N Mean SD
Appropriate printed materials are found
in schools for the teaching of
mathematics.
64 (15.7%) 128 (31.4%) 216 (52.9%) 408 2.12 0.66
My mathematics teacher makes use of
appropriate printed material in his daily
teaching of mathematics.
11 (2.7%) 107 (26.2%) 290 (71.1%) 408 2.63 0.63
Non-projected / display instructional
resources are appropriate in schools for
the teaching of mathematics.
63 (15.4%) 166 (40.7%) 179 (43.9%) 408 2.05 0.56
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Teachers appropriately use non-
projected/display instructional
resources in daily teaching of
mathematics.
25 (6.1%) 79 (19.4%) 304 (74.5%) 408 2.73 0.72
Projected / audio-visual instructional
resources are appropriate by students
in schools for the teaching of
mathematics.
120 (29.4%) 194 (47.5%) 94 (23.0%) 408 1.52 0.78
My mathematics teacher can
appropriately use projected / audio-
visual instructional resources in daily
teaching of mathematics.
274 (67.2%) 82 (20.1%) 52 (12.7%) 408 0.66 0.56
Computer laboratories are appropriate
in schools for the teaching of
mathematics.
343 (84.1%) 55 (13.5%) 10 (2.5%) 408 0.28 0.92
Mathematics laboratories are
appropriate in schools for the teaching
of mathematics.
261 (64.0%) 127 (31.1%) 20 (4.9%) 408 0.52 0.53
Library centres in school are
appropriate for the teaching of
mathematics.
96 (23.5%) 121 (29.7%) 191 (46.8%) 408 1.92 0.65
MRS 1257 (34.2%) 1059 (28.8%) 1356 (36.9%) 3672 1.60 0.67
The findings from Table4, indicated thatfew(15.7%)respondentsindicatedthatappropriateprintedmaterialsare notfoundin
schools for the teaching of mathematics while some (31.4%) indicated to a low extent that appropriateprintedmaterialswere
found in the schools and majority (52.9%) indicated to a high extent that appropriated printed materials were found in the
schools for the teaching of mathematics giving a mean score of 2.12 and standard deviation of 0.66.
Furthermore, very few (2.7%) respondents stated that their mathematics teacher do not make use of appropriate printed
materials in their daily teaching of mathematics while some (26.2%) respondents indicated to a low extent that their
mathematics teachers make use and majority (71.1%) respondents indicated that their mathematics teachers made use of
printed materials in the daily teaching of mathematics. Again the mean score of 2.63 and standard deviation of 0.63 on the
statement indicate that students indicated a high extent to the use of printed materials by their teachers in teaching
mathematics. Still few (15.4%) respondents indicated no appropriate use of non-projected/display instructional resourcesin
schools for the teaching of mathematics while some (40.7%) indicate to a low extent an appropriate use of non-
projected/display instructional resourcesandmost(43.9%)indicateda highextentto theuseappropriateuseofnon-projected
instructional resources.
Furthermore few (6.1%) respondentsindicatedthatteachersdonotappropriatelyusenon-projectedinstructional resourcesin
daily teaching of mathematics while few (19.4%) indicated teachers appropriately use to a low extent and majority (74.5%)
indicated that teachers appropriately use to a high extent recording a meanscoreof2.73anda standarddeviation of0.72.Also,
findings indicatedsome(29.4%)respondentsindicatedthatprojected/audio-visual instructional resourcesare notappropriate
by students in schools for the teaching of mathematics while most (47.5%) respondents indicated to a low extent that
projected/audio-visual instructional resources are appropriate by students and some (23.0%)respondentsindicatedtheyare
appropriate to a high extent.
More so, majority (67.2%) respondents indicated that their mathematics teacher cannot appropriately use projected/audio-
visual instructional resources in daily teaching while some (20.1%)indicatedthatthey canusetoa lowextentandfew(12.7%)
indicated that they can use of a high extent. Likewise, majority (84.1%) respondents indicated that computer laboratoriesare
not appropriate in schools for the teaching of mathematics while few (13.5%) respondents indicated to a low extent and very
few (2.5%) indicated to a high extent that computer laboratories were appropriate for the teaching of mathematics in the
schools.
In addition, majority (64.0%) respondents indicated that mathematics laboratories are not appropriate in schools for the
teaching of mathematics while some (31.1%) respondents indicated to a low extent and very few (4.9%) indicated to a high
extent that mathematics laboratories were appropriate in schools for the teachingofmathematics.Additionally,some(23.5%)
respondents indicated that library centresinschoolswerenotappropriatefortheteachingofmathematicswhilesome(29.7%)
indicated to a low extent and most (46.8%) indicated to a high extent that library centres were appropriate for the teachingof
mathematics in secondary schools. The multiple responses set revealed that some (34.2%) respondents indicated that
appropriate instructional resources are not in the schools for the teaching of mathematics while some (28.8%) indicated to a
low extent and most (36.9%) indicated to a high extent that appropriate instructional materials are used insecondaryschools
for the teaching of mathematics. This shows that there is an appropriate use of instructional resourcesinsecondary schoolsto
a low extent from the average mean score (1.60) and a standard deviation of (0.67).
Findings from observations in the classroom further indicated that some teachers always use appropriately instructional
resources such as textbooks, mathematics journals, hand outs and photocopied materials werealwaysusedforthe teachingof
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mathematics in most schools while in some schools the materials were used sometimes. Again interviews conductedrevealed
that few teachers appropriately used instructional materials available for the teaching of geometrical shapes such as circles,
triangles, rectangles, squares, cubes and cuboids.
Also interviewees indicated that few teachersappropriatelyusednon-projected/displayinstructional resourcessuchascharts,
flannel boards, radio, abacus, flip charts and graph boards available to a lesser extent in some schools. Interviews further
indicated that few teachers appropriately used projected/audio-visual instructional resources such as television, overhead
projectors and computers available for the teaching of mathematics. The findings therefore show that instructional resources
were appropriately used to a lesser extent for the teaching of mathematics.
To further ascertain the effect of appropriate use of instructional resources on students’ performance in mathematics in
secondary schools, the quasi-experiment carried out indicated that there was a mean gain inscoreof11.19afterthetreatment
was administered with instructional resources used in the experimental group from the pre-test and post-test scores. On the
other hand there was a mean score gain of 10.58 in the control group usingtheconventional teachingmethodfromthepre-test
and post-test scores as indicated on Tablebelow.
Research hypothesis two: There is no significant relationship between the appropriateness in use of instructional
resources in the teaching of mathematics and students’ performance
To further ascertain the effect of appropriateness in use of instructional resources in the teaching of mathematics and the
performance of students in mathematics the Pearsonproductmomentcorrelationcoefficientwasusedtoascertainthe effectas
indicated on the Tablebelow.
Table6: Perceived effect of appropriateness in use of instructional resources on students’ performance in
mathematics
Appropriateness in use of
instructional resources
Students
performance in
mathematics
Appropriateness in use of
instructional resources
Pearson
Correlation
1 .201**
Sig. (2-tailed) .000
N 408 408
Students performance in
mathematics
Pearson
Correlation
.201** 1
Sig. (2-tailed) .000
N 408 408
**. Correlation is significant at the 0.05 level (2-tailed).
From Table5, above the Pearson Product moment correlation coefficient (R = 0.201, P=0.05) indicates that there is a weak
positive effect of the appropriateness in use of instructional resources on students’ performance in mathematicsin secondary
schools in the South West Region of Cameroon. This shows that if appropriate instructional resourcesareusedstudentswould
perform better in mathematics. Hence the null hypothesis is rejectedandthealternate hypothesisisacceptedwhich statesthat
there is a significant relationship between the appropriate use of instructional resources in the teaching of mathematics and
students’ performance.
Furthermore from the quasi-experiment findings revealed there is a significant effect for the appropriateness of instructional
resources on students achievement in mathematics f(1, 139) = 2.140, p > .146. The null hypothesis therefore, was rejected,
indicating that there is a significant difference in the mean achievement score of students taught mathematics using
appropriate instructional resourcesthanthosetaughtusingconventional instructional resources. Thenull hypothesistherefore
was rejected indicating that there is significant difference in the mean achievement score of students taught.
CONCLUSIONS
The findings of this study indicated that students’ performance in mathematics was significantly impacted by the use of
instructional resources.
The four research questions showed that the mean scores for students taught mathematics using instructional resources was
higher than that of the students taught with the conventional teaching methods. Results revealed that students taught using
instructional resources performed better than students taught using conventional methods by quasi-experimental design.
The findings of this study indicated that students’ performance in mathematics was significantly impacted by the use of
instructional resources. The findings further showed that the textbook wasthemostusedinstructional resourceby teachersin
classrooms. The findings of this study also demonstrated that the mean performance of students in urban areas was slightly
higher than students in rural areas on the influence of the use of instructional resources in the teaching of mathematics on
students' performance in mathematics. Moreover, findings of this study indicated that nodisplayinstructional resourceswere
ever seen by students in classrooms during instruction.Findingsfromthisstudysuggestthatstudentshavetheimpressionthat
teachers talking to them directly are better than using audio-visual instructional resources during mathematics instruction.
They however expressed a high need for computer and mathematics laboratories.
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Limitations of the study
I acknowledge several limitations of this study. These include issues related to:
the sample and analyses,
limited observation data,
Challenges associated with equating groups, as well as school, teacher, and student attrition.
Recommendations
The availability of instructional resources in the teaching-learning process is of immense importance. The ministry of
secondary education in Cameroon and other education stakeholders should collaborate to encourage teachers’ adoption and
successful integration of multidimensional pedagogies. The use of instructional resourcessuchasprintmedia,non-projected/
display instructional resources, projected/audio-visual instructional resources intheteachingofmathematicswouldenhance
output. It is hoped that the adoption and integration of the aforementioned instructional resources would blend the
instructional process. These instructional resources would greatly enhance the quality of instruction and the quantity of
students’ performance. The use of instructional resources in mathematics instruction is still at the infancy stage in Cameroon.
The appropriateness in use of instructional resources impacts the teaching–learning process. One area thatmaybeofconcern
to the stakeholders in the education sector in the South West region in particular and Cameroon in general is how to build the
capacity of the teachers to enable them to effectively integrate the use of instructional resources in mathematics instruction
classrooms. Probably, strategic plans on how to engage teachers in capacity building programmes relating to effective
integration of the aforementioned instructional resources should be considered.
Government, policy makers and education stakeholders, alongside mathematics instructors in the education sector in
Cameroon as a whole may have as an issue of primary concern to build thecapacityoftheteacherstoenablethemtoeffectively
integrate the use of instructional resources in mathematics instruction classrooms. Probably,strategicplansonhowtoengage
teachers in capacity building programmesrelatingtoeffectiveintegrationoftheaforementionedinstructional resourcesshould
be considered.
Mathematics instructors at all times shouldendeavourto teachmathematicsusinginstructional resourcesthatrelatetoreal life
situations. The following are some instructional resources which mathematics instructorscanimproviseandthemathematics
concepts or topics to which they relate:
Table7: Some Instructional Resources which mathematics instructors can improvise
Locally Improvised Instructional Resources Mathematics Concepts / Topics
Cassava Leaf Symmetry
Orange or Grape fruit Sphere (Mensuration)
Weighing Balance Simple Linear Equations
Bean seeds, sticks, Bottle tops, Beads. Addition , Subtraction, Counting
Coins of various sizes, Milk cans, Beverage cans of various
sizes, Compact Discs.
Derivation of π, Circumference of circle, Area of circle
Thread, Ropes, wooden rule, tape. Length
Various shapes from cardboard paper cut out Fractions,Similarity,Geometric shapes
Assorted Articles, Bank Notes, Coins. Shopping
Geo(or nail) Board Addition ,Subtraction,Geometry
Abacus(from empty beverage or milk cans,sticks,spokes) Addition , Subtraction, Counting
Soft Drink bottle, Tea /Tablespoons, Cans. Capacity (Mensuration)
Sugar cube, maggi cube,Sugar packet, Match Box Mensuration
Consider a mathematics instructor who wants to teach the topic “Area of a Rectangle” to form 2 students in secondary school.
The instructor starts as follows:
“Today we shall study the area of a rectangle”. The instructor draws the rectangle on the board and labels the length, L and
width, W. The instructor proceeds to tell the learners: “the area of a rectangle is obtained by multiplying the length by the
width. He then gives a few examples and the lesson is done.
Now, consider another mathematics instructor who proceeds thus, in the same topic above. The instructor carefully cuts out
various rectangular shapes from cardboard paper and hands to the learners. The instructor asks the learners to divide the
shapes given them into unit squares. The instructor asks each learner to count the total number of unit squares of the
rectangular shape given. The instructor then guides the learners to “discover” the relationship between the total number of
squares (Area) and the product of the number of units along the length and that along the width. It is evident that this second
teacher will be more effective in developing, enhancing and sustaining interest in the learners than the former.
Preparing a lesson in advance incorporating instructional resources which relate to real life, certainly will help develop,
enhance and sustain the interest of the learners. Mathematics instructors need to devote time to plan well their lessons and
also plan ways of introducing the leaners so as to arouse the interests of the learners.
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APPENDIX
MATHEMATICS ACHIEVEMENT TEST (MAT)
Name of Student: …………………………… Class ………………………… Sex ……………
School: ………………………………………………………………………………
TICK (√) THE CORRECT OPTION IN THE FOLLOWING MENSURATION QUESTIONS.
SECTION A
1. Mensuration is best defined as the process
A. calculating
B. measuring
C. of geometry
D. of shapes
2. The term mensuration is linked to
A. Volume
B. Area
C. Lines
D. applied geometry
3. The area of a sphere is
A. 1 time the area of a circle.
B. 2 times the area of a circle.
C. 3 times the area of a circle.
D. 4 times the area of a circle.
4. If the diameter of a circle is 14 cm, its area is
A. 49π cm2
B. 14π cm2
C. 28π cm2
D. 7π cm2
5. The perimeter of a semi-circle of radius a cm is
A. π cm
B. a cm
C. πa cm
D. πa2 cm
6. A square of side l has area
A. 4l
B. l2
C. l3
D. 4l2
7. The area of sphere is 16π cm2, its radius is
A. 2 cm
B. b. ± 2 cm
C. c. ± 4 cm
D. d. 4 cm
8. The surface area of a square of side x cm is
A. 6x
B. 6x2
C. x2
D. 4x2
9. The area of a square is 16 cm2, the length of a side is
A. 8 cm
B. 4 cm
C. 2 cm
D. 4 cm2
10. The volume of a cube of side 2 cm is
A. 8 cm3
B. 4 cm3
C. 2 cm3
D. 6 cm3
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11. The volume of a cube is 27 cm3, the length of its side is
A. 9 cm
B. 3 cm
C. 2 cm
D. 6 cm
12. A pyramid is usually defined in terms of its
A. Side
B. Length
C. Base
D. width
13. A 3–D shape which is the same shape all along its length is called .
A. Circle
B. Sphere
C. cone
D. Prism
14. The amount of space a 3–D shape takes up is called
A. length
B. width
C. Volume
D. Area
15. The cross–section of a cylinder is
A. diameter
B. Radius
C. Circle
D. sphere.
16. The cross–section of a prism is
A. prism
B. Trapezium
C. Square
D. triangle.
17. A pyramid whose base is a circle is called
A. prism
B. Trapezium
C. Cone
D. triangle.
18. A 3–D shape which is circular in every direction is called
A. Cylinder
B. Sphere
C. Cone
D. triangle.
19. 1litre is equivalent to
A. 10 cm3
B. 100 cm3
C. 1000 cm3
D. 10,000 cm3
20. The volume of a sphere with radius r is given by the formula
A.
24
3
r hπ
B.
2
r hπ
C.
34
3
rπ
D.
21
3
rπ
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21. The volume of a cube of side 1 m in terms of cm is
A. 100 cm3
B. 1000 cm3
C. 10,000 cm3
D. 1000,000 cm3
22. A pyramid whose base is a polygon, all the other faces are
A. prism
B. Trapezium
C. Squares
D. triangles.
23. The solid remaining when a cone is cut by a plane parallel to its base and the top cone is removed
A. frustrum
B. Frustum
C. Circle
D. ring.
24. The volume, V, of a cuboid with length l, width w and height h is given by
A. V lwh=
B. V lw=
C. 4V lw=
D. 6V lw=
25. The volume of a cone with base radius r and height h is given by the formula
A.
24
3
r hπ
B.
2
r hπ
C.
34
3
rπ
D.
21
3
r hπ
26. The area of circle is 16π cm2, its circumference is
A. a. 8π cm
B. b. 4π cm
C. c. 2π cm
D. d. 8cm
27. The distance round a circle is called
A. length
B. circumference
C. axis
D. Diameter
28. The base area of a cone is given by the formula
A.
21
2
rπ
B.
2
r h
C.
2
rπ
D.
2
r hπ
29. Given the radius of the end of a cylinder is 3 cm, whose length is 10 cm, then its volume is
A. 30π cm2
B. 90π cm2
C. 30 cm2
D. 90 cm2
30. The total surface area, S, of a solid cylinder of radius r and length h is given by the formula
A. 2 rhπ
B.
2
2 rπ
C.
2
2 2rh rπ π+
D.
2
r hπ