Periodic table of chemical elements impact on human welfare
1. Periodic Table of Chemical
Elements Impact on
Human Welfare
St. Thomas high school
By
Suhail Kakar
9th class
2. Introduction
The periodic table is also known as periodic table
of element is a tabular arrangement of element. It
describes the atomic properties of every known
chemical element in a concise format, including
the atomic number, atomic mass and relationships
between the elements.
3. • History of periodic table
The history of the periodic table reflects over two centuries of
growth in the understanding of chemical properties, with major
contributions made by Antoine Lavoisier, John Wolfgang, John
Newland, Julius Meyer, Mendeleev and Glenn Seaborg .
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Father of Periodic table
Dmitri Ivanovich Mendeleev was a
Russian chemist and inventor. He
formulated the Periodic Law, created a
farsighted version of the periodic table
of elements, and used it to correct the
properties of some already discovered
elements and also to predict the
properties of eight elements yet to be
discovered.
7. The main differences are:
Mendeleev's periodic table is based on atomic mass. Modern
periodic table is based on atomic number.
Mendeleev's periodic table contains about 66 elements. Modern
periodic table contains presently 118 elements.
In Mendeleev's periodic table there were gaps for undiscovered
elements. Modern periodic table maintains uniformity.
In Mendeleev's periodic table noble gases were not placed (as they
are not discovered at that time).In Modern periodic table noble
gases in a separate group named as group-18.
Difference between Mendeleev's and modern periodic table
8. In Mendeleev's periodic table transition elements included with
other elements. In Modern periodic table transition elements placed
in separate block.
According to Mendeleev's, the isotopes with different atomic
weights, should be placed in different positions, but are not given
any position and no justified reason was explained. In Modern
periodic table, the isotopes were assigned same position as they
have same atomic number.
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9. Literature Review
John Alexander Reina
Newlands
He put forward his law of octaves in 1864 in which he
arranged all the elements known at the time into a table in
order of relative atomic mass. When he did this, he found that
each element was similar to the element eight places further
on.
Alexandre-Émile Béguyer de
Chancourtois
He became the first known scientist to see the periodicity of
elements when they were arranged in order of their atomic
weights. He saw that the similar elements occurred at regular
atomic weight intervals.
Julius Lothar Meyer Meyer was one of the pioneers in developing the first
periodic table of chemical elements. He discovered the
Periodic Law, independently of Dmitry Mendeleev, at about
the same time (1869)
Johann Wolfgang Döbereine A German chemist who is best known for work that
foreshadowed the periodic law for the chemical elements
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Jöns Jacob Berzelius He conducted pioneering experiments in
electrochemistry and established the law of
constant proportions, which states that the
elements in inorganic substances are bound
together in definite proportions by weight.
William Odling Odling, like many chemists, was working
towards classifying the elements, an effort that
would eventually lead to the periodic table of
elements. He was intrigued by atomic weights
and the periodic occurrence of chemical
properties.
Henry Moseley Henry was contribution to the science of physics
was the justification from physical laws of the
previous empirical and chemical concept of the
atomic number.
11. Mendeleev Mendeleev realized that the physical and
chemical properties of elements were related to
their atomic mass in a 'periodic' way, and
arranged them so that groups of elements with
similar properties fell into vertical columns in his
table.
Glenn T. Seaborg He discovered the element plutonium in late
1940. He went on to identify several more of the
radioactive “trans uranium” elements—so named
for their position following uranium and received
a Nobel Prize in 1951
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13. The periodic table has
impacted greatly on the
human welfare in various
ways, for example it has
helped scientist discover
what elements are needed
for human survival. The
periodic table outlines
clearly all the chemical
elements that have been
proven to be useful to
mankind. Oxygen for
example as an element on
the periodic table is used by
mankind in various spheres
of life including hospitals
on patients who have
breathing problems.
Review
14. Nitrogen element has impacted greatly in the chemical industry.
It is used in the manufacture of fertilizers, dyes and explosives.
Sodium element is useful in the human body. It helps body cells
transmit nerve signals and regulate water levels in tissues and
blood.
The table is useful for modern students and scientists because it
helps predict the types of chemical reactions that a particular
element is likely to participate in.
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15. Elements in the same column as one
other are known as groups and they share
similar properties. For example, the
elements in the first column (the alkali
metals) are all metals that usually carry a
1+ charge in reactions, react vigorously
with water, and combine readily with
nonmetals.
Elements in the same row as one other
are known as periods and they share the
same highest unexcited electron energy
level.
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16. Another useful feature of the periodic table
is that most tables provide all the information
you need to balance chemical reactions at a
glance. The table tells each element's atomic
number and usually its atomic weight. The
usual charge on an element is indicated by an
element's group
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17. Result and discussion
The periodic table is important because it is organized to provide a
great deal of information about elements and how they relate to one
another in one easy-to-use reference.
The table can be used to predict the properties of elements, even
those that have not yet been discovered.
Columns (groups) and rows (periods) indicate elements that share
similar characteristics.
The table makes trends in element properties apparent and easy to
understand.
The table provides important information used to balance
chemical reaction which is dramatically impact on human welfare.
18. Conclusion
The periodic table is one of the most achievements in the field
of chemistry. It is full of pattern that enable us to understand
the world around. If scientists like Mendeleev and other going
on discovering the new element in periodic table it helps
people more and more in every aspect. if in periodic table only
one element was also absent people may face problem for
example if iron (Fe) not present in periodic table human cant
recognize the behave of iron.
