Pericardium.pptx

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The document discusses the benefits of meditation for reducing stress and anxiety. Regular meditation practice can help calm the mind and body by lowering heart rate and blood pressure. Studies have shown that meditating for just 10-20 minutes per day can have significant positive impacts on both mental and physical health over time.

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Standard Operating Procedure (SOP) A Standard Operating Procedure (SOP) is a set of written instructions that documents routine or repetitive activity followed by an organization. The development and use of SOPs are an integral part of a successful quality system as it provides individuals with the information to perform a job properly, and facilitates consistency in the quality and integrity of a product or end-result. To ensure quality control, all procedures are standardized, So SOPs are integral part of Quality assurance process. Purpose SOPs detail the regularly recurring work processes that are to be conducted or followed within an organization. They document the way activities are to be performed to facilitate consistent conformance to technical and quality system requirements and to support data quality. They may describe, for example, fundamental programmatic actions and technical actions such as analytical processes, and processes for maintaining, calibrating, and using equipment. SOPs are intended to be specific to the organization or facility whose activities are described and assist that organization to maintain their quality control and quality assurance processes and ensure compliance with governmental regulations. If not written correctly, SOPs are of limited value. In addition, the best written SOPs will fail if they are not followed. Therefore, the use of SOPs needs to be reviewed and re-enforced by management, preferably the direct supervisor. Current copies of the SOPs also need to be readily accessible for reference in the work areas of those individuals actually performing the activity, either in hard copy or electronic format, otherwise SOPs serve little purpose. SOP-Benefits a) The development and use of SOPs minimizes variation and promotes quality. b) SOPs can indicate compliance with organizational and governmental requirements through detailed work instructions and can be used as apart of a personnel training program. c) It minimizes opportunities form is communication and can address safety concerns. SOP-Writing Styles SOPs should be written in a concise, step-by-step, easy-to-read format. Information should not be overly complicated. SOP Process a) Preparation The organization should have a procedure in place for determining what procedures or processes need to be documented. Those SOPs should then be written by individuals knowledgeable with the activity and the organization's internal structure. These individuals are essentially subject-matter experts who actually perform the work or use the process. SOPs should be written with sufficient detail so that someone with limited experience with or knowledge of the procedure, but with a basic understanding, can successfully reproduce the procedure when unsupervised b) Review and Approval SOPs should be reviewed (that is, validated) by one or more individuals with appropriate training and experience with the process.

The Heart Anatomy| An Out Look

Nabeela Moosakutty

Heart Anatomy Location Outlook Components: Layers Chambers Valves Great vessels Small brief Anatomy of the heart Your heart is located between your lungs in the middle of your chest, behind and slightly to the left of your breastbone (sternum). A double-layered membrane called the pericardium surrounds your heart like a sac. The outer layer of the pericardium surrounds the roots of your heart’s major blood vessels and is attached by ligaments to your spinal column, diaphragm, and other parts of your body. The inner layer of the pericardium is attached to the heart muscle. A coating of fluid separates the two layers of membrane, letting the heart move as it beats. Your heart has 4 chambers. The upper chambers are called the left and right atria, and the lower chambers are called the left and right ventricles. A wall of muscle called the septum separates the left and right atria and the left and right ventricles. The left ventricle is the largest and strongest chamber in your heart. The left ventricle’s chamber walls are only about a half-inch thick, but they have enough force to push blood through the aortic valve and into your body. The Heart Valves Four valves regulate blood flow through your heart: The tricuspid valve regulates blood flow between the right atrium and right ventricle. The pulmonary valve controls blood flow from the right ventricle into the pulmonary arteries, which carry blood to your lungs to pick up oxygen. The mitral valve lets oxygen-rich blood from your lungs pass from the left atrium into the left ventricle. The aortic valve opens the way for oxygen-rich blood to pass from the left ventricle into the aorta, your body’s largest artery. The Conduction System Electrical impulses from your heart muscle (the myocardium) cause your heart to contract. This electrical signal begins in the sinoatrial (SA) node, located at the top of the right atrium. The SA node is sometimes called the heart’s “natural pacemaker.” An electrical impulse from this natural pacemaker travels through the muscle fibers of the atria and ventricles, causing them to contract. Although the SA node sends electrical impulses at a certain rate, your heart rate may still change depending on physical demands, stress, or hormonal factors. The Circulatory System The heart and circulatory system make up your cardiovascular system. Your heart works as a pump that pushes blood to the organs, tissues, and cells of your body. Blood delivers oxygen and nutrients to every cell and removes the carbon dioxide and waste products made by those cells. Blood is carried from your heart to the rest of your body through a complex network of arteries, arterioles, and capillaries. Blood is returned to your heart through venules and veins. If all the vessels of this network in your body were laid end-to-end, they would extend for about 60,000 miles (more than 96,500 kilometers), which is far enough to circle the earth more than twice

Rheology Study of Flow

Nabeela Moosakutty

Jl1 drugs and cosmetics act, 1940 and rules part iii part iv

Nabeela Moosakutty

Biosensors An analytical Device

Nabeela Moosakutty

Coarse dispersions emulsions

Nabeela Moosakutty

Emulsions Definition These are homogenous, transparent and thermodynamically stable dispersion of water and oil stabilized by surfactant and co-surfactants Consists of globules less than 0.1 μm in diameter Types Oil dispersed in water (o/w) - oil fraction low Water dispersed in oil (w/o) - water fraction low Bicontinuous (amount of oil and water are same) Advantages Thermodynamically stable, long shelf life Potential reservoir of lipophilic or hydrophilic drug Enhance the absorption and permeation of drugs through biological membranes Increased solubility and stability of drugs Ease and economical scale-up Greater effect at lower concentration Enhances the bioavailability of poorly soluble drugs Theories of microemulsion Interfacial or mixed film theory Microemulsions are formed spontaneously due to formation of complex film at the interface by a mixture of surfactant and co-surfactant, As a result of which the interfacial tension reduces Solubilization theory Microemulsions are considered to be thermodynamically stable solutions of water swollen (w/o) or oil swollen (o/w) spherical micelles Thermodynamic theory The free energy of microemulsion formation is dependent on the role of surfactant in lowering the surface tension at the interface and increasing the entropy of the system Multiple emulsions are complex polydispersed systems where both oil in water and water in oil emulsion exists simultaneously which are stabilized by lipophilic and hydrophilic surfactants respectively The ratio of these surfactants is important in achieving stable multiple emulsions They are also known as “Double emulsion” or “emulsion-within-emulsion” Types Oil-in-water-in-oil (O/W/O) An o/w emulsion is dispersed in an oil continuous phase Water-in-oil-in-water (W/O/W) a w/o emulsion is dispersed in a water-continuous phase MONOMOLECULAR ADSORPTION THEORY MULTIMOLECULAR ADSORPTION THEORY SOLID PARTICLE ADSORPTION THEORY ELECTRICAL DOUBLE LAYER THEORY ORIENTED WEDGE THEORY Surfactants adsorb at the oil-water interface and form a monomolecular film This film rapidly envelopes the droplets They are very compact, elastic, flexible, strong and cannot be easily broken For getting better stable emulsions combination of surfactants [surfactant blend] are used rather than a single one The surfactant blend consists of both water soluble and oil soluble surfactants in order to approach the interface from aqueous and oil phase sides At interface the surfactant blend interact to form a complex and condense a monomolecular film Ex: A combination of Sodium cetyl sulfate (hydrophilic) and Cholesterol (lipophilic) forms a close packed complex film at the interface that produces an excellent emulsion

Coarse Dispersion Suspensions

Nabeela Moosakutty

Surface and interfacial phenomenon

Nabeela Moosakutty

Andreas Schleicher presents at the OECD webinar ‘Digital devices in schools: detrimental distraction or secret to success?’ on 27 May 2024. The presentation was based on findings from PISA 2022 results and the webinar helped launch the PISA in Focus ‘Managing screen time: How to protect and equip students against distraction’ https://www.oecd-ilibrary.org/education/managing-screen-time_7c225af4-en and the OECD Education Policy Perspective ‘Students, digital devices and success’ can be found here - https://oe.cd/il/5yV

Palestine last event orientationfvgnh .pptx

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siemaillard

How to Break the cycle of negative Thoughts

Col Mukteshwar Prasad

We all have good and bad thoughts from time to time and situation to situation. We are bombarded daily with spiraling thoughts(both negative and positive) creating all-consuming feel , making us difficult to manage with associated suffering. Good thoughts are like our Mob Signal (Positive thought) amidst noise(negative thought) in the atmosphere. Negative thoughts like noise outweigh positive thoughts. These thoughts often create unwanted confusion, trouble, stress and frustration in our mind as well as chaos in our physical world. Negative thoughts are also known as “distorted thinking”.

Supporting (UKRI) OA monographs at Salford.pptx

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How to Make a Field invisible in Odoo 17

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Overview on Edible Vaccine: Pros & Cons with Mechanism

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Unit 8 - Information and Communication Technology (Paper I).pdf

Thiyagu K

Digital Tools and AI for Teaching Learning and Research

Vikramjit Singh

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Sectors of the Indian Economy - Class 10 Study Notes pdf

Vivekanand Anglo Vedic Academy

The Indian economy is classified into different sectors to simplify the analysis and understanding of economic activities. For Class 10, it's essential to grasp the sectors of the Indian economy, understand their characteristics, and recognize their importance. This guide will provide detailed notes on the Sectors of the Indian Economy Class 10, using specific long-tail keywords to enhance comprehension. For more information, visit-www.vavaclasses.com

Synthetic Fiber Construction in lab .pptx

Pavel ( NSTU)

Synthetic fiber production is a fascinating and complex field that blends chemistry, engineering, and environmental science. By understanding these aspects, students can gain a comprehensive view of synthetic fiber production, its impact on society and the environment, and the potential for future innovations. Synthetic fibers play a crucial role in modern society, impacting various aspects of daily life, industry, and the environment. ynthetic fibers are integral to modern life, offering a range of benefits from cost-effectiveness and versatility to innovative applications and performance characteristics. While they pose environmental challenges, ongoing research and development aim to create more sustainable and eco-friendly alternatives. Understanding the importance of synthetic fibers helps in appreciating their role in the economy, industry, and daily life, while also emphasizing the need for sustainable practices and innovation.