Presented at the 10th Healthcare CIO Certificate Program, Ramathibodi School of Hospital Management, Faculty of Medicine Ramathibodi Hospital, Mahidol University, Bangkok, Thailand on February 19, 2020
People & Organizational Issues in Health IT Implementation (February 24, 2021)Nawanan Theera-Ampornpunt
Presented at the 11th Healthcare CIO Certificate Program, School of Hospital Management, Faculty of Medicine Ramathibodi Hospital, Mahidol University, Bangkok, Thailand on February 24, 2021
Introduction to Health Informatics and Health IT in Clinical Settings (Part 3...Nawanan Theera-Ampornpunt
Presented at the 10th Healthcare CIO Certificate Program, Ramathibodi School of Hospital Management, Faculty of Medicine Ramathibodi Hospital, Mahidol University, Bangkok, Thailand on February 19, 2020
IT Governance & Management in Healthcare Organizations: Part 2 (October 19, 2...Nawanan Theera-Ampornpunt
Presented at the Master of Science and Doctor of Philosophy Programs in Data Science for Healthcare and Clinical Informatics, Department of Clinical Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Faculty of Medicine Ramathibodi Hospital, Mahidol University, Bangkok, Thailand on October 19, 2020
Presented at the Master of Science and Doctor of Philosophy Programs in Data Science for Healthcare and Clinical Informatics, Department of Clinical Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Faculty of Medicine Ramathibodi Hospital, Mahidol University, Bangkok, Thailand on October 12, 2020
People & Organizational Issues in Health IT Implementation (February 24, 2021)Nawanan Theera-Ampornpunt
Presented at the 11th Healthcare CIO Certificate Program, School of Hospital Management, Faculty of Medicine Ramathibodi Hospital, Mahidol University, Bangkok, Thailand on February 24, 2021
Introduction to Health Informatics and Health IT in Clinical Settings (Part 3...Nawanan Theera-Ampornpunt
Presented at the 10th Healthcare CIO Certificate Program, Ramathibodi School of Hospital Management, Faculty of Medicine Ramathibodi Hospital, Mahidol University, Bangkok, Thailand on February 19, 2020
IT Governance & Management in Healthcare Organizations: Part 2 (October 19, 2...Nawanan Theera-Ampornpunt
Presented at the Master of Science and Doctor of Philosophy Programs in Data Science for Healthcare and Clinical Informatics, Department of Clinical Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Faculty of Medicine Ramathibodi Hospital, Mahidol University, Bangkok, Thailand on October 19, 2020
Presented at the Master of Science and Doctor of Philosophy Programs in Data Science for Healthcare and Clinical Informatics, Department of Clinical Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Faculty of Medicine Ramathibodi Hospital, Mahidol University, Bangkok, Thailand on October 12, 2020
Presented at the Master of Science and Doctor of Philosophy Programs in Data Science for Healthcare and Clinical Informatics, Department of Clinical Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Faculty of Medicine Ramathibodi Hospital, Mahidol University, Bangkok, Thailand on October 12, 2020
Presented at the Intermediate Certificate Courses - Good Governance for Medical Executives, King Prajadhipok's Institute and the Medical Council of Thailand, Bangkok, Thailand on March 13, 2021
IT Governance & Management in Healthcare Organizations: Part 1 (October 19, 2...Nawanan Theera-Ampornpunt
Presented at the Master of Science and Doctor of Philosophy Programs in Data Science for Healthcare and Clinical Informatics, Department of Clinical Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Faculty of Medicine Ramathibodi Hospital, Mahidol University, Bangkok, Thailand on October 19, 2020
Introduction to Health Informatics and Health IT (Part 1) (February 10, 2021)Nawanan Theera-Ampornpunt
Presented at the 11th Healthcare CIO Certificate Program, School of Hospital Management, Faculty of Medicine Ramathibodi Hospital, Mahidol University, Bangkok, Thailand on February 10, 2021
Presented at the 11th Healthcare CIO Certificate Program, School of Hospital Management, Faculty of Medicine Ramathibodi Hospital, Mahidol University, Bangkok, Thailand on February 16, 2021
Presented at the 8th Healthcare CIO Certificate Program, Ramathibodi Hospital Administration School, Faculty of Medicine Ramathibodi Hospital, Mahidol University on March 12, 2018
Introduction to Health Informatics and Health IT (Part 2) (February 10, 2021)Nawanan Theera-Ampornpunt
Presented at the 11th Healthcare CIO Certificate Program, School of Hospital Management, Faculty of Medicine Ramathibodi Hospital, Mahidol University, Bangkok, Thailand on February 10, 2021
Presented at the Healthcare CEO50 Certificate Program, School of Hospital Management, Faculty of Medicine Ramathibodi Hospital, Mahidol University, Bangkok, Thailand on October 4, 2021
Presented at the 8th Healthcare CIO Certificate Program, Ramathibodi Hospital Administration School, Faculty of Medicine Ramathibodi Hospital, Mahidol University on March 12, 2018
Presented at the 8th Healthcare CIO Certificate Program, Ramathibodi Hospital Administration School, Faculty of Medicine Ramathibodi Hospital, Mahidol University on March 13, 2018
For internal meeting of the Executive Committee of Chakri Naruebodindra Medical Institute, Faculty of Medicine Ramathibodi Hospital, Mahidol University
Presented at the Master of Science and Doctor of Philosophy Programs in Data Science for Healthcare and Clinical Informatics, Department of Clinical Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Faculty of Medicine Ramathibodi Hospital, Mahidol University, Bangkok, Thailand on October 12, 2020
Presented at the Intermediate Certificate Courses - Good Governance for Medical Executives, King Prajadhipok's Institute and the Medical Council of Thailand, Bangkok, Thailand on March 13, 2021
IT Governance & Management in Healthcare Organizations: Part 1 (October 19, 2...Nawanan Theera-Ampornpunt
Presented at the Master of Science and Doctor of Philosophy Programs in Data Science for Healthcare and Clinical Informatics, Department of Clinical Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Faculty of Medicine Ramathibodi Hospital, Mahidol University, Bangkok, Thailand on October 19, 2020
Introduction to Health Informatics and Health IT (Part 1) (February 10, 2021)Nawanan Theera-Ampornpunt
Presented at the 11th Healthcare CIO Certificate Program, School of Hospital Management, Faculty of Medicine Ramathibodi Hospital, Mahidol University, Bangkok, Thailand on February 10, 2021
Presented at the 11th Healthcare CIO Certificate Program, School of Hospital Management, Faculty of Medicine Ramathibodi Hospital, Mahidol University, Bangkok, Thailand on February 16, 2021
Presented at the 8th Healthcare CIO Certificate Program, Ramathibodi Hospital Administration School, Faculty of Medicine Ramathibodi Hospital, Mahidol University on March 12, 2018
Introduction to Health Informatics and Health IT (Part 2) (February 10, 2021)Nawanan Theera-Ampornpunt
Presented at the 11th Healthcare CIO Certificate Program, School of Hospital Management, Faculty of Medicine Ramathibodi Hospital, Mahidol University, Bangkok, Thailand on February 10, 2021
Presented at the Healthcare CEO50 Certificate Program, School of Hospital Management, Faculty of Medicine Ramathibodi Hospital, Mahidol University, Bangkok, Thailand on October 4, 2021
Presented at the 8th Healthcare CIO Certificate Program, Ramathibodi Hospital Administration School, Faculty of Medicine Ramathibodi Hospital, Mahidol University on March 12, 2018
Presented at the 8th Healthcare CIO Certificate Program, Ramathibodi Hospital Administration School, Faculty of Medicine Ramathibodi Hospital, Mahidol University on March 13, 2018
For internal meeting of the Executive Committee of Chakri Naruebodindra Medical Institute, Faculty of Medicine Ramathibodi Hospital, Mahidol University
Presented at the Health Informatics and Health Information Technology Course, Doctor of Philosophy and Master of Science Programs in Data Science for Health Care (International Program), Faculty of Medicine Ramathibodi Hospital, Mahidol University on October 12, 2017
Case Studies in Health IT Implementation & Sociotechnical Aspect of Health In...Nawanan Theera-Ampornpunt
Presented at the 7th Healthcare CIO Certificate Program, Hospital Administration School, Faculty of Medicine Ramathibodi Hospital, Mahidol University on September 15, 2016
Information Technology Management in Healthcare Organizations: Part 2 (Octobe...Nawanan Theera-Ampornpunt
Presented at the Master of Science and Doctor of Philosophy Programs in Data Science for Healthcare and Clinical Informatics, Department of Clinical Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Faculty of Medicine Ramathibodi Hospital, Mahidol University, Bangkok, Thailand on October 20, 2021
IT Governance & Management in Healthcare Organizations: Part 2 (October 16, 2...Nawanan Theera-Ampornpunt
Presented at the Data Science for Healthcare Graduate Programs, Section for Clinical Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Faculty of Medicine Ramathibodi Hospital, Mahidol University, Bangkok, Thailand on October 16, 2019
The delone and mclean model of information systems successHamideh Iraj
The delone and mclean model of information systems success
The main Resource:
Integrated Series in Information Systems, Volume 28, Information Systems Theory Explaining and Predicting Our Digital Society, Vol. 1, Springer; 2012 edition
Presented at the BDMS Golden Jubilee Scientific Conference 2022 "BDMS Beyond 50 years: Looking towards the centennial," Bangkok Dusit Medical Services Public Company Limited (BDMS), Bangkok, Thailand on October 19, 2022
Presented at The Thai Medical Informatics Association Annual Conference and The National Conference on Medical Informatics (TMI-NCMedInfo) 2021, Bangkok, Thailand on November 26, 2021
Presented at the Master of Science Program in Medical Epidemiology and the Doctor of Philosophy Program in Clinical Epidemiology, Department of Clinical Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Faculty of Medicine Ramathibodi Hospital, Mahidol University, Bangkok, Thailand on November 25, 2021
Presented at the Master of Science and Doctor of Philosophy Programs in Data Science for Healthcare and Clinical Informatics, Department of Clinical Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Faculty of Medicine Ramathibodi Hospital, Mahidol University, Bangkok, Thailand on November 15, 2021
Consumer Health Informatics, Mobile Health, and Social Media for Health: Part...Nawanan Theera-Ampornpunt
Presented at the Master of Science and Doctor of Philosophy Programs in Data Science for Healthcare and Clinical Informatics, Department of Clinical Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Faculty of Medicine Ramathibodi Hospital, Mahidol University, Bangkok, Thailand on November 10, 2021
Consumer Health Informatics, Mobile Health, and Social Media for Health: Part...Nawanan Theera-Ampornpunt
Presented at the Master of Science and Doctor of Philosophy Programs in Data Science for Healthcare and Clinical Informatics, Department of Clinical Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Faculty of Medicine Ramathibodi Hospital, Mahidol University, Bangkok, Thailand on November 10, 2021
ICH Guidelines for Pharmacovigilance.pdfNEHA GUPTA
The "ICH Guidelines for Pharmacovigilance" PDF provides a comprehensive overview of the International Council for Harmonisation of Technical Requirements for Pharmaceuticals for Human Use (ICH) guidelines related to pharmacovigilance. These guidelines aim to ensure that drugs are safe and effective for patients by monitoring and assessing adverse effects, ensuring proper reporting systems, and improving risk management practices. The document is essential for professionals in the pharmaceutical industry, regulatory authorities, and healthcare providers, offering detailed procedures and standards for pharmacovigilance activities to enhance drug safety and protect public health.
How many patients does case series should have In comparison to case reports.pdfpubrica101
Pubrica’s team of researchers and writers create scientific and medical research articles, which may be important resources for authors and practitioners. Pubrica medical writers assist you in creating and revising the introduction by alerting the reader to gaps in the chosen study subject. Our professionals understand the order in which the hypothesis topic is followed by the broad subject, the issue, and the backdrop.
https://pubrica.com/academy/case-study-or-series/how-many-patients-does-case-series-should-have-in-comparison-to-case-reports/
CHAPTER 1 SEMESTER V - ROLE OF PEADIATRIC NURSE.pdfSachin Sharma
Pediatric nurses play a vital role in the health and well-being of children. Their responsibilities are wide-ranging, and their objectives can be categorized into several key areas:
1. Direct Patient Care:
Objective: Provide comprehensive and compassionate care to infants, children, and adolescents in various healthcare settings (hospitals, clinics, etc.).
This includes tasks like:
Monitoring vital signs and physical condition.
Administering medications and treatments.
Performing procedures as directed by doctors.
Assisting with daily living activities (bathing, feeding).
Providing emotional support and pain management.
2. Health Promotion and Education:
Objective: Promote healthy behaviors and educate children, families, and communities about preventive healthcare.
This includes tasks like:
Administering vaccinations.
Providing education on nutrition, hygiene, and development.
Offering breastfeeding and childbirth support.
Counseling families on safety and injury prevention.
3. Collaboration and Advocacy:
Objective: Collaborate effectively with doctors, social workers, therapists, and other healthcare professionals to ensure coordinated care for children.
Objective: Advocate for the rights and best interests of their patients, especially when children cannot speak for themselves.
This includes tasks like:
Communicating effectively with healthcare teams.
Identifying and addressing potential risks to child welfare.
Educating families about their child's condition and treatment options.
4. Professional Development and Research:
Objective: Stay up-to-date on the latest advancements in pediatric healthcare through continuing education and research.
Objective: Contribute to improving the quality of care for children by participating in research initiatives.
This includes tasks like:
Attending workshops and conferences on pediatric nursing.
Participating in clinical trials related to child health.
Implementing evidence-based practices into their daily routines.
By fulfilling these objectives, pediatric nurses play a crucial role in ensuring the optimal health and well-being of children throughout all stages of their development.
Global launch of the Healthy Ageing and Prevention Index 2nd wave – alongside...ILC- UK
The Healthy Ageing and Prevention Index is an online tool created by ILC that ranks countries on six metrics including, life span, health span, work span, income, environmental performance, and happiness. The Index helps us understand how well countries have adapted to longevity and inform decision makers on what must be done to maximise the economic benefits that comes with living well for longer.
Alongside the 77th World Health Assembly in Geneva on 28 May 2024, we launched the second version of our Index, allowing us to track progress and give new insights into what needs to be done to keep populations healthier for longer.
The speakers included:
Professor Orazio Schillaci, Minister of Health, Italy
Dr Hans Groth, Chairman of the Board, World Demographic & Ageing Forum
Professor Ilona Kickbusch, Founder and Chair, Global Health Centre, Geneva Graduate Institute and co-chair, World Health Summit Council
Dr Natasha Azzopardi Muscat, Director, Country Health Policies and Systems Division, World Health Organisation EURO
Dr Marta Lomazzi, Executive Manager, World Federation of Public Health Associations
Dr Shyam Bishen, Head, Centre for Health and Healthcare and Member of the Executive Committee, World Economic Forum
Dr Karin Tegmark Wisell, Director General, Public Health Agency of Sweden
India Clinical Trials Market: Industry Size and Growth Trends [2030] Analyzed...Kumar Satyam
According to TechSci Research report, "India Clinical Trials Market- By Region, Competition, Forecast & Opportunities, 2030F," the India Clinical Trials Market was valued at USD 2.05 billion in 2024 and is projected to grow at a compound annual growth rate (CAGR) of 8.64% through 2030. The market is driven by a variety of factors, making India an attractive destination for pharmaceutical companies and researchers. India's vast and diverse patient population, cost-effective operational environment, and a large pool of skilled medical professionals contribute significantly to the market's growth. Additionally, increasing government support in streamlining regulations and the growing prevalence of lifestyle diseases further propel the clinical trials market.
Growing Prevalence of Lifestyle Diseases
The rising incidence of lifestyle diseases such as diabetes, cardiovascular diseases, and cancer is a major trend driving the clinical trials market in India. These conditions necessitate the development and testing of new treatment methods, creating a robust demand for clinical trials. The increasing burden of these diseases highlights the need for innovative therapies and underscores the importance of India as a key player in global clinical research.
CHAPTER 1 SEMESTER V PREVENTIVE-PEDIATRICS.pdfSachin Sharma
This content provides an overview of preventive pediatrics. It defines preventive pediatrics as preventing disease and promoting children's physical, mental, and social well-being to achieve positive health. It discusses antenatal, postnatal, and social preventive pediatrics. It also covers various child health programs like immunization, breastfeeding, ICDS, and the roles of organizations like WHO, UNICEF, and nurses in preventive pediatrics.
Health Education on prevention of hypertensionRadhika kulvi
Hypertension is a chronic condition of concern due to its role in the causation of coronary heart diseases. Hypertension is a worldwide epidemic and important risk factor for coronary artery disease, stroke and renal diseases. Blood pressure is the force exerted by the blood against the walls of the blood vessels and is sufficient to maintain tissue perfusion during activity and rest. Hypertension is sustained elevation of BP. In adults, HTN exists when systolic blood pressure is equal to or greater than 140mmHg or diastolic BP is equal to or greater than 90mmHg. The
Antibiotic Stewardship by Anushri Srivastava.pptxAnushriSrivastav
Stewardship is the act of taking good care of something.
Antimicrobial stewardship is a coordinated program that promotes the appropriate use of antimicrobials (including antibiotics), improves patient outcomes, reduces microbial resistance, and decreases the spread of infections caused by multidrug-resistant organisms.
WHO launched the Global Antimicrobial Resistance and Use Surveillance System (GLASS) in 2015 to fill knowledge gaps and inform strategies at all levels.
ACCORDING TO apic.org,
Antimicrobial stewardship is a coordinated program that promotes the appropriate use of antimicrobials (including antibiotics), improves patient outcomes, reduces microbial resistance, and decreases the spread of infections caused by multidrug-resistant organisms.
ACCORDING TO pewtrusts.org,
Antibiotic stewardship refers to efforts in doctors’ offices, hospitals, long term care facilities, and other health care settings to ensure that antibiotics are used only when necessary and appropriate
According to WHO,
Antimicrobial stewardship is a systematic approach to educate and support health care professionals to follow evidence-based guidelines for prescribing and administering antimicrobials
In 1996, John McGowan and Dale Gerding first applied the term antimicrobial stewardship, where they suggested a causal association between antimicrobial agent use and resistance. They also focused on the urgency of large-scale controlled trials of antimicrobial-use regulation employing sophisticated epidemiologic methods, molecular typing, and precise resistance mechanism analysis.
Antimicrobial Stewardship(AMS) refers to the optimal selection, dosing, and duration of antimicrobial treatment resulting in the best clinical outcome with minimal side effects to the patients and minimal impact on subsequent resistance.
According to the 2019 report, in the US, more than 2.8 million antibiotic-resistant infections occur each year, and more than 35000 people die. In addition to this, it also mentioned that 223,900 cases of Clostridoides difficile occurred in 2017, of which 12800 people died. The report did not include viruses or parasites
VISION
Being proactive
Supporting optimal animal and human health
Exploring ways to reduce overall use of antimicrobials
Using the drugs that prevent and treat disease by killing microscopic organisms in a responsible way
GOAL
to prevent the generation and spread of antimicrobial resistance (AMR). Doing so will preserve the effectiveness of these drugs in animals and humans for years to come.
being to preserve human and animal health and the effectiveness of antimicrobial medications.
to implement a multidisciplinary approach in assembling a stewardship team to include an infectious disease physician, a clinical pharmacist with infectious diseases training, infection preventionist, and a close collaboration with the staff in the clinical microbiology laboratory
to prevent antimicrobial overuse, misuse and abuse.
to minimize the developme
People & Organizational Issues in Health IT Implementation (February 26, 2020)
1. People &
Organizational Issues
in Health IT
Implementation
Nawanan Theera-Ampornpunt, MD, PhD
February 26, 2020
Except where
citing other works
2. 2
Sociotechnical Systems
• Coined in 1960s by Eric Trist, Ken Bamforth &
Fred Emery
• “An approach to complex organizational work
design that recognizes the interaction
between people and technology in
workplaces.” (Wikipedia)
• “Interaction between society's complex
infrastructures and human behaviour.”
(Wikipedia)
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sociotechnical_system
4. 4
“People & Organizational Issues” (POI)
• POI focuses on interactions between people
and technology, including designing,
implementing, and deploying safe and usable
health information systems and technology.
• AMIA POIWG addresses issues such as
– How systems change us and our social and clinical
environments
– How we should change them
– What we need to do to take the fullest advantage of
them to improve [...] health and health care.
– Our members strive to understand,
evaluate, and improve human-computer
and socio-technical interactions.
http://www.amia.org/programs/working-groups/people-and-organizational-issues
5. 5
“People & Organizational Issues” (POI)
• We bring varied perspectives, methods, and tools
from
– Humanities, Social science, Cognitive science
– Computer science and informatics
– Business disciplines
– Patient safety
– Workflow
– Collaborative work and decision-making
– Human-computer interaction & Usability
– Human factors
– Project and change management
– Adoption and diffusion of innovations
– Unintended consequences
– Policy.
http://www.amia.org/programs/working-groups/people-and-organizational-issues
7. 7
Health IT Successes & Failures
What success is
• Different ideas and definitions of success
• Need more understanding of different stakeholder
views & more longitudinal and qualitative studies
of failure
What makes it so hard
• Communication, Workflow, & Quality
• Difficulties of communicating across different
groups makes it harder to identify requirements
and understand workflow
Kaplan & Harris-Salamone (2009)
8. 8
Health IT Successes & Failures
What We Know—Lessons from Experience
• Provide incentives, remove disincentives
• Identify and mitigate risks
• Allow resources and time for training, exposure,
and learning to input data
• Learn from the past and from others
Kaplan & Harris-Salamone (2009)
10. 10
System Quality
• System performance (response time,
reliability)
• Accuracy, error rate
• Flexibility
• Ease of use
• Accessibility
Success of IT Implementation
12. 12
Use
• Subjective (e.g. asks a user “How often do you
use the system?”)
• Objective (e.g. number of orders done
electronically)
User Satisfaction
• Satisfaction toward system/information
• Satisfaction toward use
Success of IT Implementation
13. 13
Individual Impacts
• Efficiency/productivity of the user
• Quality of clinical operations/decision-making
Organizational Impacts
• Faster operations, cost & time savings
• Better quality of care, better aggregate outcomes
• Reputation, increased market share
• Increased service volume or patient retention
Success of IT Implementation
19. 19
Considerations for a successful
implementation of CPOE
Ash et al. (2003)
Considerations
Motivation for implementation
CPOE vision, leadership, and personnel
Costs
Integration: Workflow, health care processes
Value to users/Decision support systems
Project management and staging of implementation
Technology
Training and Support 24 x 7
Learning/Evaluation/Improvement
20. 20
Minimizing MD’s Change Resistance
• Involve physician champions
• Create a sense of ownership through
communications & involvement
• Understand their values
• Be attentive to climate in the organization
• Provide adequate training & support
Riley & Lorenzi (1995)
21. 21
Reasons for User Involvement
• Better understanding of needs & requirements
• Leveraging user expertise about their tasks &
how organization functions
• Assess importance of specific features for
prioritization
• Users better understand project, develop realistic
expectations
• Venues for negotiation, conflict resolution
• Sense of ownership
• Pare & Sicotte (2006): Physician ownership
important for clinical information systems
Ives & Olson (1984)
22. 22
The Missing Piece in IT Adoption
Theera-Ampornpunt (2011)
Technological Sophistication
Functional Sophistication
Integration Sophistication
Managerial Sophistication
Proposed Addition
23. 23
Critical Success Factors in Health IT Projects
Theera-Ampornpunt (2011)
Communications of plans & progresses
Physician & non-physician user involvement
Attention to workflow changes
Well-executed project management
Adequate user training
Organizational learning
Organizational innovativeness
24. 24
Theory of Hospital Adoption of
Information Systems (THAIS)
Theera-Ampornpunt (2011)
26. 26
The “Special People”
Ash et al. (2003)
• Administrative
Leadership Level
– CEO
• Provides top
level support and
vision
• Holds steadfast
• Connects with
the staff
• Listens
• Champions
– CIO
• Selects champions
• Gains support
• Possesses vision
• Maintains a thick skin
– CMIO
• Interprets
• Possesses vision
• Maintains a thick skin
• Influences peers
• Supports the clinical
support staff
• Champions
27. 27
The “Special People”
Ash et al. (2003)
• Clinical Leadership
Level
– Champions
• Necessary
• Hold steadfast
• Influence peers
• Understand other
physicians
– Opinion leaders
• Provide a balanced
view
• Influence peers
– Curmudgeons
• “Skeptic who is
usually quite vocal
in his or her disdain
of the system”
• Provide feedback
• Furnish leadership
– Clinical advisory
committees
• Solve problems
• Connect units
28. 28
The “Special People”
Ash et al. (2003)
• Bridger/Support level
– Trainers &
support team
• Necessary
• Provide help at the
elbow
• Make changes
• Provide training
• Test the systems
– Skills
• Possess clinical
backgrounds
• Gain skills on the
job
• Show patience,
tenacity, and
assertiveness
29. 29
Unintended Consequences of Health IT
• “Unanticipated and unwanted effect of
health IT implementation”
• Must-read resources
– Ash et al. (2004)
– Campbell et al. (2006)
– Koppel et al. (2005)
31. 31
Unintended Consequences of Health IT
• Errors in the process of entering and
retrieving information
– A human-computer interface that is not suitable
for a highly interruptive use context
– Causing cognitive overload by
overemphasizing structured and “complete”
information entry or retrieval
• Structure
• Fragmentation
• Overcompleteness
Ash et al. (2004)
32. 32
Unintended Consequences of Health IT
• Errors in the communication and
coordination process
– Misrepresenting collective, interactive work as
a linear, clearcut, and predictable workflow
• Inflexibility
• Urgency
• Workarounds
• Transfers of patients
– Misrepresenting communication as information
transfer
• Loss of communication
• Loss of feedback
• Decision support overload
• Catching errors
Ash et al. (2004)
33. 33
Unintended Consequences of Health IT
• Errors in the communication and
coordination process
– Misrepresenting collective, interactive work as
a linear, clearcut, and predictable workflow
• Inflexibility
• Urgency
• Workarounds
• Transfers of patients
– Misrepresenting communication as information
transfer
• Loss of communication
• Loss of feedback
• Decision support overload
• Catching errors
Ash et al. (2004)
40. 40
Human-Computer Interaction
• “A discipline concerned with the design,
evaluation and implementation of
interactive computing systems for human
use”
• Interdisciplinary
– Computer Science; Psychology; Sociology;
Anthropology; Visual and Industrial Design; …
design
implementationevaluation
From University of Minnesota CS 5115 User interface design class (2008) by Loren Terveen
41. 41
41
How do I open
the door?
Door #1
From University of Minnesota CS 5115 User interface design class (2008) by Loren Terveen
42. 42
42
How do I open
the door?
Door #2
From University of Minnesota CS 5115 User interface design class (2008) by Loren Terveen
43. 43
43
Back to door #1
Door #1
From University of Minnesota CS 5115 User interface design class (2008) by Loren Terveen
44. 44
44
Back to door #2
Door #2
From University of Minnesota CS 5115 User interface design class (2008) by Loren Terveen
45. 45
45
How do I open
the door?
Door #3
From University of Minnesota CS 5115 User interface design class (2008) by Loren Terveen
46. 46
46
Door #3
No instructions needed!
From University of Minnesota CS 5115 User interface design class (2008) by Loren Terveen
47. 47
Design Principles
• “Instructions/explanations are a sign of
failure!”
• Visibility
• Affordances
• Promoting recognition over recall
From University of Minnesota CS 5115 User interface design class (2008) by Loren Terveen
48. 48
48
Foundations of UI Design (1)
• Human psychology
– Short-term & long-term memory
– Problem-solving
– Attention
• Design principles
– Conceptual models; knowledge in the world;
visibility; feedback; mappings; constraints;
affordances
From University of Minnesota CS 5115 User interface design class (2008) by Loren Terveen
49. 49
49
Foundations of UI Design (2)
• Understanding users and tasks
– Tasks, task analysis, scenarios
– Contextual inquiry
– Personas
• User-centered design
– Low, medium, and high-fidelity prototypes
– visual design principles
• Evaluating designs
– Without users: cognitive walkthroughs; heuristic
evaluation; action analysis
– With users: qualitative and quantitative methods
From University of Minnesota CS 5115 User interface design class (2008) by Loren Terveen
50. 50
Human Factors
• “The study of designing equipment and
devices that fit the human body and its
cognitive abilities” (Wikipedia)
• Also known as “Ergonomics”
• Specialties
– Physical ergonomics
– Cognitive ergonomics (including HCI)
– Organizational ergonomics (including
workplace design)
– Environmental ergonomics
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Human_factors_and_ergonomics
51. 51
Usability
• “Refers to how well users can learn and
use a product to achieve their goals and
how satisfied they are with that process”
(Usability.gov)
• “The ease of use and learnability of a
human-made object” (Wikipedia)
• “The extent to which a product can be used
by specified users to achieve specified
goals with effectiveness, efficiency, and
satisfaction in a specified context of use
(ISO)
• Key methodology: user-centered design
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Usability
52. 52
Usability & Usable Systems
• Usefulness = Usability + Utility (Jakob Nielsen)
• Dimensions of usability
– Learnability: How easy it is for users to accomplish
basic tasks the first time?
– Efficiency: Once learned, how quickly can users
perform tasks?
– Memorability: When returned after a period of non-
use, how easily can users re-establish proficiency?
– Errors: Frequency, severity, recoverability
– Satisfaction: How pleasant it is to use?
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Usability http://www.useit.com/alertbox/20030825.html
53. 53
User Experience
• “The way a person feels about using a
product, system or service” (Wikipedia)
• Focuses on the feelings and perceptions of
users
• Subjective
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/User_experience
56. 56
HCI & Usability Resources
• Usability.gov
• Useit.com
• Edwardtufte.com
• National Institute of Standards and
Technology (NIST)
– http://www.nist.gov/healthcare/usability/index
.cfm
– Technical Evaluation, Testing, and Validation
of the Usability of Electronic Health Records
– NIST Guide to the Processes Approach for
Improving the Usability of Electronic Health
Records
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/User_experience
57. “Most people make the mistake of thinking
design is what it looks like. People think
it’s this veneer – that the designers are
handed this box and told, ‘Make it look
good!’ That’s not what we think design is.
It’s not just what it looks like and feels like.
Design is how it works.” – Steve Jobs
Image Source: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Steve_Jobs
58. 58
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