The document summarizes the global financial crisis and its impacts. It discusses how the subprime mortgage crisis in the US triggered a global crisis through interconnected financial markets and declining trade. The crisis led to a sharp decline in global GDP growth. It discusses policy responses by countries through fiscal stimulus and efforts to stabilize financial systems. It emphasizes the need for coordinated global action on financial regulation, trade, and addressing poverty and environmental impacts. Lessons from past financial crises are outlined around the importance of rapid and sizable responses, social protection policies, and balancing national and global goals.
This document presents a 4 question personality test based on Tibetan beliefs. Participants are asked to rank 5 animals, describe 5 words, name people associated with colors, and provide a favorite number and day. The interpretations claim the answers reveal one's priorities, personality, important relationships, and that sending the message to the number of one's favorite number will improve their life.
This document contains the agenda for the "Proactive Intervention to Enhance Recovery" (PIER) conference held on June 17th, 2011 at the Village Hotel in Farnborough. The agenda includes several presentations and discussions around proactive interventions and recovery. It references the work of Viktor Frankl, a Holocaust survivor who wrote about choosing one's attitude despite difficult circumstances. The document encourages conference attendees to be proactive and exercise choice. It acknowledges that the PIER project was made possible through collaboration between service users, staff, partners, and funding from the Southeast Coast Strategic Health Authority, taking inspiration from Frankl's work.
The document discusses the development of essential early intervention skills for mental health professionals. It notes that effective early intervention requires the ability to discuss psychosis, work with diagnostic ambiguity, and engage clients and their families with a team-based approach. It also highlights the importance of collaboration between services, education, and health/social care to continuously improve training and service design based on evidence and user feedback. Specifically mentioned is a 15-day module at the University of Surrey that equips practitioners with the knowledge and skills for early engagement and assessment to contribute to the evolution of early intervention models.
My dear daughter, while technology allows us to connect across great distances, an online relationship is no substitute for truly knowing someone. Before committing your life and heart to this man, I gently encourage you to spend meaningful time with him in person so you can truly understand each other and determine if you are compatible for the long run. Look beyond just words and photos online - see how you interact face to face and know his character through real experiences together. Please be cautious, think carefully, and don't rush into life-changing decisions based on limited virtual contact. I'm here if you ever want to talk or need help discerning your path. But for now, focus on really getting to know each other in reality before deciding on marriage. Your happiness is
This document presents a 4 question personality test based on Tibetan beliefs. Participants are asked to rank 5 animals, describe 5 words, name people associated with colors, and provide a favorite number and day. The interpretations claim the answers reveal one's priorities, personality, important relationships, and that sending the message to the number of one's favorite number will improve their life.
This document contains the agenda for the "Proactive Intervention to Enhance Recovery" (PIER) conference held on June 17th, 2011 at the Village Hotel in Farnborough. The agenda includes several presentations and discussions around proactive interventions and recovery. It references the work of Viktor Frankl, a Holocaust survivor who wrote about choosing one's attitude despite difficult circumstances. The document encourages conference attendees to be proactive and exercise choice. It acknowledges that the PIER project was made possible through collaboration between service users, staff, partners, and funding from the Southeast Coast Strategic Health Authority, taking inspiration from Frankl's work.
The document discusses the development of essential early intervention skills for mental health professionals. It notes that effective early intervention requires the ability to discuss psychosis, work with diagnostic ambiguity, and engage clients and their families with a team-based approach. It also highlights the importance of collaboration between services, education, and health/social care to continuously improve training and service design based on evidence and user feedback. Specifically mentioned is a 15-day module at the University of Surrey that equips practitioners with the knowledge and skills for early engagement and assessment to contribute to the evolution of early intervention models.
My dear daughter, while technology allows us to connect across great distances, an online relationship is no substitute for truly knowing someone. Before committing your life and heart to this man, I gently encourage you to spend meaningful time with him in person so you can truly understand each other and determine if you are compatible for the long run. Look beyond just words and photos online - see how you interact face to face and know his character through real experiences together. Please be cautious, think carefully, and don't rush into life-changing decisions based on limited virtual contact. I'm here if you ever want to talk or need help discerning your path. But for now, focus on really getting to know each other in reality before deciding on marriage. Your happiness is
This document provides information about Ram Naresh Financial Consultancy Private Limited, including its corporate office address and contact details. It lists the directors and their details such as name, address, designation, and date of appointment. It also provides contact information for Ram Financial Network's customer support.
2011 National ITS Update - 2 25-11 public versionraymurphy9533
The 2011 National ITS Update is a hilevel overview by Ray Murphy of US DOT/FHWA major ITS Initiatives - including the Five Year ITS Strategic Research Plan (2010 – 2014) Major ITS Initiatives such as Applications for the Environment: Real-Time Information Synthesis (AERIS), the Clarus Initiative, the Vehicle Data Translator (VDT), the Integrated Mobile Observing (IMO) Project, and the Connected Vehicle Initiative.
El documento lista los nombres de 27 estudiantes de diferentes clases, incluyendo los cursos 1oA, 1oB y 3oA/B. La mayoría de los estudiantes están en el curso 1oB, con 8 nombres, mientras que los cursos 1oA y 3oA/B tienen entre 5 y 7 nombres cada uno.
Este decreto establece los criterios para graduar las multas por infracciones a las normas de seguridad y salud en el trabajo en Colombia. Se especifican 10 criterios como la reincidencia, obstrucción de investigaciones, daños causados, entre otros. También señala normas para ordenar la clausura del lugar de trabajo o empresa cuando existan riesgos para los trabajadores. El decreto busca garantizar el debido proceso y que las sanciones sean proporcionales considerando factores como el tamaño de la empresa.
The document discusses the benefits of exercise for mental health. Regular physical activity can help reduce anxiety and depression and improve mood and cognitive functioning. Exercise boosts blood flow and levels of neurotransmitters and endorphins which elevate and stabilize mood.
1) The document discusses using augmented reality to create social events and experiences for large groups of people.
2) It proposes experiences like an augmented reality art exhibition with 20,000 participants or an outdoor cinema with virtual decors.
3) The goal is to overcome the invisibility of individual augmented reality experiences and use AR to connect people through shared augmented experiences.
" THE DRIBBLING CLASS " - Career Trajectories of four succesful dylexics- Ja...Medway Youth Trust
ABSTRACT
Snakes and Ladders
This small scale research aimed to shed light on the career trajectories of four adults and their interrelationship between dyslexia, mid-life career changes and career management. Using a semi-structured interview, followed by a MIND Self-assessment questionnaire, it looks into interconnectivity between dyslexia and hurdles in their careers. A key feature of this research is that it will cross disciplinary boundaries between theoretical models of careers, disabilities, educational psychology and sociology. This research uses a narrative constructivist approach to enable a holistic view of how the participants have made sense of their dyslexia and career development. The research challenges the deficit model of disability and dyslexia and explores reframing dyslexia as a difference. Some emerging themes were; the relationship between being diagnosed with dyslexia, confidence and disclosure, dyslexia strengths and career progression, the sandwich generation and gender differences. The research suggests that we cannot make sense of the four participants’ career trajectories without integrating their contextual experience. It concludes that some elements of career models are applicable, but adding the MIND Self-assessment questionnaire may be a useful tool for career practitioners and allied professionals, e.g. Educational Psychologists and Assessment Practitioners.
Note: The use of the phrase “the dribbling class” was recorded verbatim from one of the participants as this was the common label used to describe the segregated special needs class.
Este documento describe los métodos y técnicas de estudio más efectivos, incluyendo siete pasos clave como la prelectura, notas al margen, lectura comprensiva, subrayado, esquema, resumen y memorización. Explica que estudiar en grupo es más ventajoso que estudiar solo, y destaca la importancia de la socialización de ideas a través del debate comunitario. También enfatiza la necesidad de condiciones externas apropiadas como el tiempo, lugar y estado físico para estudiar de manera óptima.
Fraud specialist and published author Pamela Mantone presented "Fraud - Real Life Horror Stories" at the 2013 Decosimo Accounting Forum hosted by the University of North Alabama on July 19.
The document provides guidance on solving various math problems involving fractions, percents, and conversions between fractional and decimal representations. It explains how to find a common denominator to add or subtract fractions, how to convert a percent to a fraction by writing it over 100, how to calculate how many days a medication lasting 21 tablets taken at 6 tablets the first day and reducing by 1 tablet per day will last, and how to convert a fraction like 3/4 to a decimal by dividing the numerator by the denominator. The document encourages the reader to ask any other questions.
This document outlines the process for creating a technology plan for East Public Schools. It discusses assembling a planning team made up of teachers, administrators, support staff and community members. The team will evaluate the current state of technology, create a vision and mission statement, and develop goals and objectives. Examples of goals include providing professional development for teachers and integrating technology into the curriculum. The plan will be implemented over 3 years and evaluated on an ongoing basis to ensure it remains effective.
Social in Seattle: How Children's Hospital Boston uses social media to commun...Matt Cyr
In this presentation, given at the Ragan Communications Conference in Seattle from April13-15, Matt Cyr talks about how Children's Hospital Boston uses Facebook, blogs, Twitter and YouTube to connect with its patients, families and physicians.
The document provides guidance on how to describe people in 3 steps: first describe their general physical aspect like height and weight, then describe specific physical characteristics like hair, eyes, and nose, and finally describe their clothes and character traits like mood. An example is given describing a character named Krusty, noting his green hair, big eyes, red nose, purple shirt, green pants, red shoes, and happy demeanor. Readers are then prompted to describe characters Shrek, Leela, and Candace.
Posting travel times on dms webinar 042711raymurphy9533
The following Transportation agencies, Idaho Transportation Department (ITD), North Carolina Department of Transportation (NCDOT), Illinois Department of Transportation (IDOT) and Maryland State Highway Administration (M-SHA) will share lessons learned and best practices regarding Travel Time (TT) posting on Dynamic Message Signs (DMS) and the use of third party data services.
The webinar covered DMS Operations and:
• POLICIES…
• POSTINGS…
• UPDATES…
• WORK ZONES…
• VARIABLE SPEED LIMITS…
• PARTNERSHIPS: with Law Enforcement, TIM, etc…
• DATA RELIABILITY: data testing/history/accuracy…
• PUBLIC OUTREACH/MEDIA: customer feedback…
• MAINTAINING ASSETS: investment, financial aspects…
• EQUIPMENT: portable & fixed, characters, placement, detection…
.
The Youth Mental Health Network (YMHN) is driven and made up of a range of individuals and groups that are passionate about improving the mental health of young people, regardless of their background.
The Youth Mental Health Network's vision is to improve the provision of youth mental health services by harnessing and fostering commitment to evidence based youth mental health services, in their various forms.
The document discusses educational leadership and ICT policy. It defines policy as a course of action or inaction chosen by public authorities to address problems. Key elements of a policy include a problem definition, goals, and instruments. When analyzing a policy, it is important to examine how the problem is defined, whether the goals are clearly stated, and how the policy proposes to achieve its goals through various instruments.
China, India, and the future discusses the rapid economic growth of China and India compared to other economies like the UK. Some key points:
- Car sales in China have risen 300% in the past 5 years, 60% in India, versus 0.2% in the UK.
- China's GDP and investment in fixed assets like infrastructure are much higher than India's, contributing to its faster growth.
- A policy change in China in the 1990s opened up markets and welcomed foreign investment, fueling high investment and growth rates.
This document provides a summary of a company's first-quarter results and full-year 2008 financial outlook. It discusses challenging business conditions in North America and growth in emerging markets. The company reported improved first-quarter results, including higher core operating earnings. However, factors like a major supplier strike and higher commodity costs impacted results. For full-year 2008, the company expects revenue growth from foreign exchange but lower earnings due to production declines and costs.
- PRT Growing Services Ltd. is the largest producer of container grown forest seedlings in North America, with 13 nursery sites and over 425 employees.
- The presentation discusses PRT's competitive position, contracted revenue stream, forest seedling market drivers including the housing market and export markets, and the impact of the US housing market downturn on PRT's financial performance between 2008-2011.
- Looking ahead, PRT's growth strategies include leveraging an expected housing market recovery, expanding into regional forestry markets, diversifying into non-forestry starter plants and hardwood seedlings.
1. The US mortgage market has grown significantly over time, with mortgage debt outstanding growing to over $8 trillion as of 2004, roughly doubling as a percentage of disposable personal income since 1980.
2. Mortgages are originated by a variety of retail institutions and are often sold on the secondary market, with government sponsored entities like Fannie Mae and Freddie Mac securitizing lower risk mortgages that meet certain criteria.
3. The aggregate loan-to-value ratio for owner-occupied housing has increased less sharply than other debt measures and has not increased much since the mid-1990s.
This document provides information about Ram Naresh Financial Consultancy Private Limited, including its corporate office address and contact details. It lists the directors and their details such as name, address, designation, and date of appointment. It also provides contact information for Ram Financial Network's customer support.
2011 National ITS Update - 2 25-11 public versionraymurphy9533
The 2011 National ITS Update is a hilevel overview by Ray Murphy of US DOT/FHWA major ITS Initiatives - including the Five Year ITS Strategic Research Plan (2010 – 2014) Major ITS Initiatives such as Applications for the Environment: Real-Time Information Synthesis (AERIS), the Clarus Initiative, the Vehicle Data Translator (VDT), the Integrated Mobile Observing (IMO) Project, and the Connected Vehicle Initiative.
El documento lista los nombres de 27 estudiantes de diferentes clases, incluyendo los cursos 1oA, 1oB y 3oA/B. La mayoría de los estudiantes están en el curso 1oB, con 8 nombres, mientras que los cursos 1oA y 3oA/B tienen entre 5 y 7 nombres cada uno.
Este decreto establece los criterios para graduar las multas por infracciones a las normas de seguridad y salud en el trabajo en Colombia. Se especifican 10 criterios como la reincidencia, obstrucción de investigaciones, daños causados, entre otros. También señala normas para ordenar la clausura del lugar de trabajo o empresa cuando existan riesgos para los trabajadores. El decreto busca garantizar el debido proceso y que las sanciones sean proporcionales considerando factores como el tamaño de la empresa.
The document discusses the benefits of exercise for mental health. Regular physical activity can help reduce anxiety and depression and improve mood and cognitive functioning. Exercise boosts blood flow and levels of neurotransmitters and endorphins which elevate and stabilize mood.
1) The document discusses using augmented reality to create social events and experiences for large groups of people.
2) It proposes experiences like an augmented reality art exhibition with 20,000 participants or an outdoor cinema with virtual decors.
3) The goal is to overcome the invisibility of individual augmented reality experiences and use AR to connect people through shared augmented experiences.
" THE DRIBBLING CLASS " - Career Trajectories of four succesful dylexics- Ja...Medway Youth Trust
ABSTRACT
Snakes and Ladders
This small scale research aimed to shed light on the career trajectories of four adults and their interrelationship between dyslexia, mid-life career changes and career management. Using a semi-structured interview, followed by a MIND Self-assessment questionnaire, it looks into interconnectivity between dyslexia and hurdles in their careers. A key feature of this research is that it will cross disciplinary boundaries between theoretical models of careers, disabilities, educational psychology and sociology. This research uses a narrative constructivist approach to enable a holistic view of how the participants have made sense of their dyslexia and career development. The research challenges the deficit model of disability and dyslexia and explores reframing dyslexia as a difference. Some emerging themes were; the relationship between being diagnosed with dyslexia, confidence and disclosure, dyslexia strengths and career progression, the sandwich generation and gender differences. The research suggests that we cannot make sense of the four participants’ career trajectories without integrating their contextual experience. It concludes that some elements of career models are applicable, but adding the MIND Self-assessment questionnaire may be a useful tool for career practitioners and allied professionals, e.g. Educational Psychologists and Assessment Practitioners.
Note: The use of the phrase “the dribbling class” was recorded verbatim from one of the participants as this was the common label used to describe the segregated special needs class.
Este documento describe los métodos y técnicas de estudio más efectivos, incluyendo siete pasos clave como la prelectura, notas al margen, lectura comprensiva, subrayado, esquema, resumen y memorización. Explica que estudiar en grupo es más ventajoso que estudiar solo, y destaca la importancia de la socialización de ideas a través del debate comunitario. También enfatiza la necesidad de condiciones externas apropiadas como el tiempo, lugar y estado físico para estudiar de manera óptima.
Fraud specialist and published author Pamela Mantone presented "Fraud - Real Life Horror Stories" at the 2013 Decosimo Accounting Forum hosted by the University of North Alabama on July 19.
The document provides guidance on solving various math problems involving fractions, percents, and conversions between fractional and decimal representations. It explains how to find a common denominator to add or subtract fractions, how to convert a percent to a fraction by writing it over 100, how to calculate how many days a medication lasting 21 tablets taken at 6 tablets the first day and reducing by 1 tablet per day will last, and how to convert a fraction like 3/4 to a decimal by dividing the numerator by the denominator. The document encourages the reader to ask any other questions.
This document outlines the process for creating a technology plan for East Public Schools. It discusses assembling a planning team made up of teachers, administrators, support staff and community members. The team will evaluate the current state of technology, create a vision and mission statement, and develop goals and objectives. Examples of goals include providing professional development for teachers and integrating technology into the curriculum. The plan will be implemented over 3 years and evaluated on an ongoing basis to ensure it remains effective.
Social in Seattle: How Children's Hospital Boston uses social media to commun...Matt Cyr
In this presentation, given at the Ragan Communications Conference in Seattle from April13-15, Matt Cyr talks about how Children's Hospital Boston uses Facebook, blogs, Twitter and YouTube to connect with its patients, families and physicians.
The document provides guidance on how to describe people in 3 steps: first describe their general physical aspect like height and weight, then describe specific physical characteristics like hair, eyes, and nose, and finally describe their clothes and character traits like mood. An example is given describing a character named Krusty, noting his green hair, big eyes, red nose, purple shirt, green pants, red shoes, and happy demeanor. Readers are then prompted to describe characters Shrek, Leela, and Candace.
Posting travel times on dms webinar 042711raymurphy9533
The following Transportation agencies, Idaho Transportation Department (ITD), North Carolina Department of Transportation (NCDOT), Illinois Department of Transportation (IDOT) and Maryland State Highway Administration (M-SHA) will share lessons learned and best practices regarding Travel Time (TT) posting on Dynamic Message Signs (DMS) and the use of third party data services.
The webinar covered DMS Operations and:
• POLICIES…
• POSTINGS…
• UPDATES…
• WORK ZONES…
• VARIABLE SPEED LIMITS…
• PARTNERSHIPS: with Law Enforcement, TIM, etc…
• DATA RELIABILITY: data testing/history/accuracy…
• PUBLIC OUTREACH/MEDIA: customer feedback…
• MAINTAINING ASSETS: investment, financial aspects…
• EQUIPMENT: portable & fixed, characters, placement, detection…
.
The Youth Mental Health Network (YMHN) is driven and made up of a range of individuals and groups that are passionate about improving the mental health of young people, regardless of their background.
The Youth Mental Health Network's vision is to improve the provision of youth mental health services by harnessing and fostering commitment to evidence based youth mental health services, in their various forms.
The document discusses educational leadership and ICT policy. It defines policy as a course of action or inaction chosen by public authorities to address problems. Key elements of a policy include a problem definition, goals, and instruments. When analyzing a policy, it is important to examine how the problem is defined, whether the goals are clearly stated, and how the policy proposes to achieve its goals through various instruments.
China, India, and the future discusses the rapid economic growth of China and India compared to other economies like the UK. Some key points:
- Car sales in China have risen 300% in the past 5 years, 60% in India, versus 0.2% in the UK.
- China's GDP and investment in fixed assets like infrastructure are much higher than India's, contributing to its faster growth.
- A policy change in China in the 1990s opened up markets and welcomed foreign investment, fueling high investment and growth rates.
This document provides a summary of a company's first-quarter results and full-year 2008 financial outlook. It discusses challenging business conditions in North America and growth in emerging markets. The company reported improved first-quarter results, including higher core operating earnings. However, factors like a major supplier strike and higher commodity costs impacted results. For full-year 2008, the company expects revenue growth from foreign exchange but lower earnings due to production declines and costs.
- PRT Growing Services Ltd. is the largest producer of container grown forest seedlings in North America, with 13 nursery sites and over 425 employees.
- The presentation discusses PRT's competitive position, contracted revenue stream, forest seedling market drivers including the housing market and export markets, and the impact of the US housing market downturn on PRT's financial performance between 2008-2011.
- Looking ahead, PRT's growth strategies include leveraging an expected housing market recovery, expanding into regional forestry markets, diversifying into non-forestry starter plants and hardwood seedlings.
1. The US mortgage market has grown significantly over time, with mortgage debt outstanding growing to over $8 trillion as of 2004, roughly doubling as a percentage of disposable personal income since 1980.
2. Mortgages are originated by a variety of retail institutions and are often sold on the secondary market, with government sponsored entities like Fannie Mae and Freddie Mac securitizing lower risk mortgages that meet certain criteria.
3. The aggregate loan-to-value ratio for owner-occupied housing has increased less sharply than other debt measures and has not increased much since the mid-1990s.
The document discusses the impacts of the global economic crisis following the financial crisis of 2008. It notes that many developing countries were innocent victims despite not being involved in subprime lending. The crisis led to a collapse in asset prices, economic recession, and declining growth rates around the world. Commodity prices and capital flows also reversed, straining the finances of developing nations. The document advocates for improved international cooperation and policy responses to mitigate the crisis impacts.
This document discusses citizen science projects focused on biodiversity in Europe. It provides background on citizen science, describing it as scientific research conducted in whole or in part by amateur or nonprofessional scientists. It then highlights several examples of biodiversity monitoring projects in Europe, including waarnemingen.be, waarneming.nl, observado.org, artportalen.se, and naturgucker.de. These projects engage citizens to record and report observations of taxa in nature. The document compares the scale of these projects in terms of numbers of observations, users, and other collected data.
ACFTA Trickle Down Effect: ICT Education Roles on Human Resources Readiness...Djadja Sardjana
• The knowledge-driven economy continues to be
characterized by a rapidly changing and pervasive characterized by a rapidly changing and pervasive
information infrastructure.
• The Internet and its accompanying applications # e-
Business platforms, interactive experiences with new forms of content, sophisticated consumer devices, leading-edge information technology # are all elements of the digital economy.
==> Heavily supported by prominent
ICT Education Institution
The document discusses value investing in India. It notes that India offers strong macroeconomic resilience and earnings growth potential across sectors like infrastructure, IT, auto and pharma. Value investing involves buying stocks at a discount to their intrinsic value with a long-term hold strategy. The strategy aims to benefit from compound returns by investing in high-quality businesses trading at attractive valuations. It uses a bottom-up approach focusing on companies with strong returns on capital and trading at a margin of safety. The strategy constructs a concentrated portfolio of 15-20 stocks following strict buy price discipline.
Weather Outlook - Dr. Elwynn Taylor, Climatologist, Ag Meteorologist, Iowa State University, from the 2012 World Pork Expo, June 6-8, Des Moines, Iowa, USA.
Wellness & Consumer Driven Health Careguest00dbec2
See how oer 12,000 other businesses across the U.S. areusng Wellness & Consumer Driven Health Plans as an effective business strategy. How does your company compare?
Wellness & Consumer Driven Health Careguest00dbec2
Learn from what over 12,000 other businesses are doing across the U.S. with Wellness and Consumer Driven Health Plans as a business strategy. How does your plan compare?
This document discusses the history and benefits of conservation tillage in the UK. It shows that the use of non-plough tillage for winter wheat production has increased significantly since the 1970s. Minimum tillage reduces fuel use and costs compared to ploughing. Shallow cultivation allows weeds to emerge more easily compared to deeper cultivation. Data from long-term trials shows that shallow non-plough tillage can achieve similar yields as ploughing with higher cumulative profits. Conservation tillage improves soil structure compared to conventional ploughing.
The document summarizes Pakistan's recent macroeconomic trends and current challenges. It outlines Pakistan's strong economic growth between 2001-2008, but also the economic shocks experienced in 2007-2008 due to rising food and oil prices. It describes Pakistan's IMF program and the conditionalities imposed. Current challenges include stabilizing the macroeconomy, energy sector reforms, dealing with the global financial crisis, and supporting displaced people and the poor. The way forward involves ensuring water for agriculture, energy for industry, and continued donor support and prudent policies.
Estonia Overview - Andrus Viirg - Stanford - Jan 25 2010Burton Lee
Estonia is a northern European country that regained its independence in 1991 after being occupied by the Soviet Union. It has a population of 1.36 million and its economy relies heavily on exports, which comprise 76% of GDP. Estonia has transitioned to a digital society, with nearly all government and banking services available online. It has a strong focus on innovation and R&D, with several Centers of Excellence conducting research in fields like IT, electronics, food, and biomedicine. Enterprise Estonia works to promote foreign investment and international trade, as well as support entrepreneurs and startups.
The document summarizes statistics from Gilt Groupe, a members-only flash sale site, including:
1) In 2010, Gilt Groupe had over 20,000 members and sold 19,415 products, with 92% of available products sold.
2) A chart shows Gilt Groupe's membership growth from 2010 to present, reaching over 1 million members currently.
3) The document asks what challenges Gilt Groupe may face going forward as the company continues to grow rapidly.
This presentation exhibits the journey of Pakistan economy. The historical performance is exhibited and explained through contemporary theories of economics
This document discusses the use of glyphosate in Europe, specifically the UK. It provides background on glyphosate, noting its introduction in 1974 for perennial weed control and pre-harvest use in 1980. Data is presented on glyphosate's effectiveness in reducing common couch shoots. The document also discusses glyphosate residues in UK bread and impacts on wheat yield and moisture content from pre-harvest glyphosate applications.
Understanding of the Vietnamese Economy and Business Environment 2012Tri Dung, Tran
This document summarizes the Vietnamese economy and business environment. It discusses Vietnam's GDP growth rate from 1986 to 2012, trends in registered foreign direct investment from 1988 to 2012, and sources of FDI in 2010. It also provides an overview of Vietnam's stock markets, including market capitalization as a percentage of GDP from 2005 to 2011. Additionally, it outlines characteristics of Vietnam's banking sector, including total assets and outstanding loans as of 2010. The document identifies ongoing issues and opportunities within Vietnam's economy and business practices.
Understanding of the Vietnamese Economy and Business Environment 2012
Peking presentation
1. Worldwide Lessons from Financial Crises
金融危机的国际经验及现实思考
Vinod Thomas, Director-General & Senior Vice President
Independent Evaluation Group, World Bank
China Center for Economic Research
Peking University
February 19, 2009
3. I. The Crisis
► The sub-prime mortgage bubble in the US was the
detonator of the current crisis
► The extensive use of derivatives made the exposure to
the mortgage crisis explosive
► The chain reaction was globalized because of:
• The links among the financial sectors in OECD and emerging
countries
• The high dependence of international trade on US demand
3
4. The extent of damage so far
► Deepening recession since mid-2008 with multiple downwards
revisions of growth
► Contagion from the developed to emerging and less developed
economies
► Downward cycle through
• Trade and weakening demand
• Capital flow
• Remittance
• Commodity price
► Reinforcing expectation for global depression and deflation
4
5. The sharpest global decline since
1970
GDP Growth
Percent change
10
8
6
4
2
0
70
73
76
79
82
85
88
91
94
97
00
03
06
09
-2
9
9
0
19
19
19
19
19
19
19
19
20
20
20
1
1
2
-4
Advanced economies Emerging and developing economies World
5
6. Both OECD and emerging markets fall –
no decoupling
12
Annual growth GDP, 2009 (%)
10
8
China
6
India
4
Indonesia
2 Brazil
South Africa
Saudi Arabia Argentina
0 Australia Mexico
0 2 Canada 4 6 8 10 12
France UK Spain Russia
-2 Italy Japan Turkey
Germany
USA Korea
-4
-6 Average annual growth GDP, 2006-2007 (%)
Source: World Development Indicators 2008 and IMF World Economic Outlook Update, January 28, 2009
6
7. Dramatic fall in Asia’s rapid growth
► China:
• Growth practically ground to a halt in 2008 Q4--Annual growth
rate in 2009 expected to fall to 6.7% from 9.0% in 2008
• Exports plunged 17.5% year-on-year in January 2009—the
largest drop in almost 13 years
• Imports down 43% year-on-year, partly explained by
adjustment in inventory.
► Singapore’s GDP fell at an annualized rate of 17% and
South Korea’s at 21% in Q4 2008
► Industrial production in the 12 months to December,
2008 is down 21% in Japan, 14% in Singapore, 19% in
South Korea
Source: IMF World Economic Outlook Update, January 28, 2009
7
8. Exports and capital flows crumble
Exports (Volumes, Change % 3 mma y/y) Private Net Capital Flows to
Emerging Economies
35 1000
China
Private capital flows to emerging economies
800
25 1000
(US$, billions, net)
800 600
15
(US$, billions, net)
600
400
400 India
5 Mexico 200
200
0
-5 2006 2007 2008 2009 0
-200 Jordan 2006 2007 2008 2009
Equity investment Private Creditors -200
-15
Jan-07 Apr-07 Jul-07 Oct-07 Jan-08 Apr-08 Jul-08 Oct-08 Equity investment Private Creditors
Source: National Agencies through Thomson/Datastream. Source: Institute for International Finance: “Capital Flows
To Emerging Market Economies.” 01/27/09.
8
9. High trade shares with sharp declines in
GDP growth…
(current episode)
100
Korea 90
Germany
Average trade, % GDP 2006-2007
80
China Canada
70
Mexico South Africa
UK 60
Spain
Italy
Russia France Indonesia
50
Turkey India
Argentina Australia 40
30
USA Japan Brazil
20
10
0
-10 -9 -8 -7 -6 -5 -4 -3 -2 -1 0
Change in GDP Growth Rate [2009 projected-Avg. 2006-07] (%)
Source: World Development Indicators 2008 and IMF World
Economic Outlook Update, January 28, 2009
9
10. … Also high trade shares with strong
recovery of GDP growth
(past episodes)
120 120
100 100
Thailand Thailand
Averge trade pre- and post-crisis (% GDP)
Averge trade, pre- and post-crisis (% GDP)
80 80
Korea
Korea Indonesia
Indonesia Mexico
Mexico Russia
60 60
Russia
Turkey
Turkey
40 40
Argentina
Argentina
20 20
Brazil
Brazil
0 0
-2 0 2 4 6 8 0 2 4 6 8 10
Average pre-crisis GDP growth (%) Post-crisis GDP growth (%)
Source: World Development Indicators 2008
Note: Crisis events are Argentina (1999-2002); Indonesia, Korea, Russia, Thailand, and Brazil (1997-1998); Mexico (1994) and Turkey
(2000-2001)
10
11. II. Policy Responses
A framework for assessment
Policy Short-term Long-term
response
Country level ►Similar responses across ►Diverse responses
countries—Fiscal and depending on the initial
monetary policies to conditions—saving rates,
stimulate aggregate demand current account balance
►Sustainable growth—poverty,
environment, education
Global ►Coordinated responses— ►International policy
response banking sector, financial coordination mechanisms—
system, liquidity, interest surveillance, environment,
rates, open trade regime climate change
11
12. Five Areas for Action
Fiscal
Fiscal
Financial
Financial Consumption
Investments
Terms of trade
Value chain
Liquidity
Financial system
Market confidence
CRISIS
CRISIS Trade
Trade
Environment
Environment
Social stability
harmony
Sustainable
growth
Poverty
Poverty
12
13. Financial sector
Fire-fighting and beyond
► Often receive early attention
• U.S. Housing market: 3 million foreclosures (2008)
• U.S. Banking sector: $1-$2 trillion net cost of bailout
• World stock markets: Almost 50% loss in the total capitalization
in 2008--$30 trillion of wealth disappeared
► Needed measures:
• Adequate prudential regulations with the increasing
sophistication and dynamism of global markets
– Capture the full risk implications of securitized mortgage loans and
derivatives
• Sound development of the financial sector in developing
countries
13
14. Fiscal policy
Effective economic stimulus
► Stimulus packages – a stark difference from the 1990s
• US: Tax cuts and priority investments – around $800 bn
• Japan: Three packages -- $112 bn
• Germany: Two packages for infrastructure, tax cuts, clean
energy-- $106 bn
• United Kingdom: VAT reduction, capital spending-$27.8 bn
• China: Infrastructure, housing -- $586 bn
• India: Export incentives, guarantees, refinance facility-- $4.1 bn
► Short-term vs. long-term choices:
• Countries with low or negative savings need more than
sustained fiscal stimulus to emerge from the crisis
• Countries with high savings rates can combine the short-term
fiscal stimulus with a longer-term expansionary policy
14
15. Trade Policy
Avoiding the danger of c losing in
► The multiplier effects of the slowdown through the trade system
• China: Decreased export demand, 20 million migrant factory workers
without jobs
► Momentum towards protectionism gains force in crises
• USA: “Buy American” requirements
• Russia: raised tariff on imported cars
• India: 5% duty on select steel and iron products
• Argentina and Brazil: approved tariffs on wine and textiles
• China: increased export-tax rebates on 3,700 goods
► Protectionism will worsen the global contraction
► Strong international commitment to resist closing in critical
15
16. Poverty
Not to be seen as an after-thought
► Social and poverty impact of crises should be anticipated
• 1% reduction in GDP traps another 20 million people in poverty,
• 100 million more people in poverty with the global recession
► Millions live very close to the poverty line, so even small GDP
changes produce vast swings in poverty
► Past responses to crises ignored poverty impact in the early stages
► More attention needed to vulnerable groups—potential area for the
World Bank Group to contribute
► Impact on immigrant labor: Foreign and domestic migration,
remittances
16
17. Environment
The “Cinderella” of the crisis?
► Tensions between:
• Short- and long term objectives—economic recovery,
mitigation, adaptation
• Domestic and global objectives—global public goods
► These tensions increase in crisis periods
• 30-50% reduction in wind and solar installations in U.S.
• Support for climate funds under threat in the EU and elsewhere
► Danger of backtracking on environmental policies
17
18. Five lessons from research
► Early, rapid and sizeable responses are key
► Social safety-net and pro-poor policies need support from the
outset
► Policies need to account for behavior and the political economy
► Immediate responses cannot ignore implications for development
► Global crisis needs a global solution—target stimuli where the
marginal impact will be the greatest*
* How to Solve the Global Economic Crisis—Justin Yifu Lin, Senior Vice President
and Chief Economist, World Bank
18
19. Seven lessons from evaluation
►Emphasize not only volume, but also quality
►Focus on poverty from the outset
►Build in the environment and climate change
►Seek selectivity and adaptability of response
►Stress coordination among partners
►Focus on monitoring and evaluation
►Organize for early warning
19
20. The World Bank Group and the crisis
The WBG has a key role through:
►Financial support
►Policy advice and knowledge sharing
►Catalytic role in cross-country policy
coordination
►Helping to balance national and global goals
►Long term partnership with countries, even
when its share in rescue packages is modest
20
23. Triple danger
Economic, social, environment
► Global economic downturn
• Outlook highly uncertain
• The timing of the recovery depends critically on policy actions
► Rising poverty worldwide
• The situation exacerbated by growing unemployment
► Climate crisis
• Environmental devastation and global warming can derail all
progress
This could be an inflection point for our planet
A new development paradigm is needed
23
24. When a crisis prompts action
危机 – Danger and Opportunity
► Brazil’s fiscal responsibility law; India’s 1991 reforms;
Korea’s financial sector actions….
► China revitalized after the Asian crisis
• Liberalization of the housing market
• Easing restrictions on privatization of medium SOEs
• Acceleration of the entry to WTO
• Investment in releasing bottlenecks -- highway, port
facility, telecommunication, high education
► China today…
• Opportunities in human capital; private sector;
openness; infrastructure*
• New ways of green investments
*David Dollar, Sustaining growth: China’s need for a new growth model,
November 19, 2008
24
25. Looking to global opportunities
► Opportunity of fiscal stimulus to improve investments
• Target high growth areas
• Improve efficiency and raise productivity
• Promote green investments
► Opportunity of political support during crisis to reform the domestic
economy
• Financial and regulatory reform
• Address long term macro imbalances
• Maintain open trade policies
• Deepen social safety-net and inclusive growth
• Breakthrough in the environment and climate change
► Opportunity for global actions
• International regulatory framework for trade, investment and finance
• Global action on climate, environment and biodiversity
• The role of G20, international architecture and Bretton Wood II
25
26. 谢谢 !
Thank you!
Improving Development Results Through
Excellence in Evaluation
http://www.worldbank.org/ieg/
http://www.ifc.org/ieg/
http://www.miga.org/ieg/
26