د حاتم البيطار

1. ‫البيطار‬ ‫حاتم‬ ‫د‬
‫العالجية‬ ‫التغذية‬ ‫محاضر‬
01005684344
Diet Planning
by using
food exchange system

2. Food Exchange system
● The food exchange system is a method of categorizing and organizing
foods based on their nutrient content.
● In the food exchange system, foods are grouped into different
categories based on their macronutrient content, primarily
carbohydrates, proteins, and fats. Each category has a specific serving
size and is assigned a certain number of “exchanges”.
● By using the food exchange system, individuals can easily track and
control their intake of carbohydrates, proteins, and fats, which can be
helpful for managing blood sugar levels, weight, and overall health.
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3. Kcal
120
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4. The main steps for diet planning
‫التاريخ‬
‫الغذائي‬
history
Diet
1
2 Evaluation of health status (Calculation of Body mass index (BMI)) ‫ا‬
‫لجسم‬ ‫كتلة‬ ‫مؤشر‬ ‫حساب‬
‫حساب‬
‫احتياجات‬
‫الطاقة‬
requirements
energy
of
Calculation
3
4 Calculations of macronutrients
5 Distribution of total energy, carbohydrates, protein, fat by using exchange list.
6 Converting the exchange into meals

5. Case Study

6. Evaluate the state of health and design a dietary plan for 10years boy child.
Child profile:
Name: Omar
Age: 10 years old
Gender: male
Weight: 35 Kg
Height: 140 cm
Activity: moderately active

7. Diet history
‫التاريخ‬
‫الغذائي‬
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8. 2
Calculation of
Body mass index (BMI)
‫حساب‬
‫مؤشر‬
‫كتلة‬
‫الجسم‬
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9. 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10
BMI = 35 = 17.9 kg/m2
(1.40)2
Normal weight
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11. 3
Calculation of energy
requirements
‫حساب‬
‫احتياجات‬
‫الطاقة‬
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12. Method (1):
Harris –Benedict equation:
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10
Name: Omar
Age: 10 years old
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13. 8 9 10
REE (Kcal/day) = 66.47 + (13.75 x wt) + (5.0 x Ht) - (6.76 x age)
REE (Kcal/day): Resting energy expenditure
wt: weight (kg) ‫بالكيلوجلرام‬ ‫الوزن‬
‫الطول‬
‫بالسنتيميتر‬
(cm)
Height
Ht:
‫العمر‬
‫بالسنين‬
years
by
age
age:
REE (Kcal/day) = 66.47 + (13.75 x 35) + (5.0 x 140) - (6.76 x 10)
REE (Kcal/day) = 66.47 + (481.25) + (700) - (67.6)
REE (Kcal/day) = 1180.12 Kcal/ d
Energy requirements = BMR x PA = 1180.12 x 1.26 = 1486.9 approx. 1500 Kcal/d.
1 2 3 4 5 6 7
Harris –Benedict equation:
Gender: male
Weight: 35 Kg
Height: 140 cm
Activity: moderately active
PA = 1.26
Name: Omar
Age: 10 years old
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14. 8 9 10
1 2 3 4 5 6 7
Method (2):
WHO
REE = (12.2 x wt) + 746
REE = (12.2 x 35) + 746
REE = 1173 Kcal
Energy requirements = BMR x PA = 1173 x 1.26 = 1477.9 approx. 1500 Kcal/d.
Age: 10 years old
Gender: male
Weight: 35 Kg
Height: 140 cm
Activity: moderately active
Name: Omar
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15. 8 9 10
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 Name: Omar
Age: 10 years old
Gender: male
Weight: 35 Kg
Height: 140 cm
Activity: moderately active
We can also calculate
BMR, TDEE through
mobile applications
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16. Calculations of macronutrients
(the three main nutrients (Carbohydrates- Protein- Fat))
4
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17. SLIDESMANIA.COM

18. To calculate the macronutrients in a 1500 kcal diet plan, you need to
determine the distribution of calories among carbohydrates, proteins, and fats.
Here’s an example of macronutrient distribution based on the recommended
ranges:
Carbohydrates:
• 45-65% of total calories
• Let’s assume 50% for this example
Proteins:
• 10-30% of total calories
• Let’s assume 20% for this example
Fats:
• 25-35% of total calories
• Let’s assume 30% for this example

19. Now, let’s calculate the macronutrients in a 1500 kcal diet plan:
1. Carbohydrates:
• 50% of total calories
1500 kcal x 0.50 = 750 kcal from carbohydrates
Carbohydrates provide 4 kcal per gram
750 kcal / 4 kcal per gram = 187.5 grams of carbohydrates
2. Proteins:
• 20% of total calories
1500 kcal x 0.20 = 300 kcal from proteins
Proteins provide 4 kcal per gram
300 kcal / 4 kcal per gram = 75 grams of protein
3. Fats:
• 30% of total calories
1500 kcal x 0.30 = 450 kcal from fats
Fats provide 9 kcal per gram
450 kcal / 9 kc

20. 5
Distribution of
total energy, carbohydrates,
protein, fat by using exchange list
(dietary pattern).

21. 1 2 3 4
120
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Plan a dietary pattern
Exchange
group
No. of
exchange
CHO
(g)
Protein
(g)
Fat
(g)
Energy
(Kcal)
Starches 6 6 x15=90 6 x3=18 ------ 6x80= 480
Fruits 3 3x15=45 ------ ------ 3x60=180
Milk 3
(Whole milk)
3x12= 36 3x8=24 3x8=24 3x150=450
Non-
starchy
vegetables
4 4x5=20 4x2=8 ------- 4x25= 100
Meat 4
(medium-fat)
--------- 4x7=28 4x5=20 4x75=300
Fat 0 --------- -------- -------- ---------
191 78 44 1510
5 6
No. of fat exchanges = 50 – (24 +20) = 6
No. of meat exchanges = 75 – (18+24+8) = 25 = 3.57
7
No. of starch exchanges= 187.5 – (45+36+20) = 86.5 = 5.7
15
187.5 grams of carbohydrates
75 grams of protein
50 grams of fat

22. 6
Converting
the exchange into meals
‫تحويل‬
‫الحصص‬
‫لوجبات‬

23. Meal
Breakfast
Snack
Food exchange group
Starch
Meat
Non- starchy vegetables
Milk
Fruit
No. of
exchange
2
1
1
1
2
Food item
2 slices toast bread
White cheese (30 g)
Salad (1 cup)
1 cup of milk
Fruit salad (½ banana
Energy
(Kcal)
2x80 = 160
1x75 = 75
1 x 25 = 25
1 x 150 = 150
410
2 x 60 = 120
Starches 6
Fruits 3
Milk 3
(Whole milk)
Lunch
Snack
Dinner
Starch
Non-Starchy vegetables
Meat
Fruit
Milk
Starch
Meat
Non-starchy vegetables
Milk
+½ apple +½ cup
strawberry)
2 10 table spoons rice
2 1 cup cooked veg.
2 60 g grilled chicken
1 ½banana or½ mango
1 1 cup yougurt
2 2 slices toast bread
1 1 boiled egg
1 Salad (1 cup)
1 1 cup of milk
120
2 x80 = 160
2 x25 = 50
2 x 75 = 150
360
1 x 60 = 60
1 x 150 = 150
210
2x80 = 160
1x75 = 75
1 x 25 = 25
1 x 150 = 150
410
1510
Non-
starchy
vegetables
Meat
Fat
4
4
(medium-fat)
0
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24. Thank
you
drahtemelbitar@aol.com
01202389028