PBM assignment 1 Assignment 1 Principle Business Management UG006-PBM Done by: Dana Said AL-Shibli ST09881 Submitted to: DR. FATIN AL-ZADJALI Table of contents Question 1 ……………………………………………………………………………………………………………3-7 Comment by Dr.Fatin Al Zadjali: Correct the margins of the table of contents Question 2……………………………………………………………………………………….……………………8 Question 3 ……………………………………………………………………………………………………..…...9 Reference ……………………………………………………………………………………….…………………………10 Behavioral approach:- The behavioral approach was developed after people in the late 1700s to early 1900s realized that people were as well essential components to the success of the organization. The behavioral theory plays an important role in showing the human relations aspect of management and the way in which the level of productivity is dependent on the level at which the employee is motivated. The behavioral theories were geared by the criticism of scientific management theory by Taylor. Comment by Dr.Fatin Al Zadjali: Where is the introduction, attempt to layout what are you going to discuss in the assignment before immediately answering the question Comment by Dr.Fatin Al Zadjali: Define those theories and include quotation , introduce what are they proposing before discussing them The behavioral theorist withheld that employees were not machines but people with their own psychological and social needs as well. They insisted that an organization or a firm was a psycho-social system with the primary focus on the human factor. Workers do have not only economic needs but also some other needs which need to be fulfilled for them to be motivated. The theory has the Maslow hierarchy of needs. Those ranked low in the hierarchy require to be fulfilled before the ones at the top can be attained. These needs, as presented by Maslow's hierarchy of needs are psychological needs, safety needs, belongingness and love needs, esteem needs, and self-actualization. These needs need to be fulfilled as up climbs up the hierarchy. An employee needs to be satisfied psychologically and guaranteed with safety for him or her to be able to self-actualize and perform well in an organization. Comment by Dr.Fatin Al Zadjali: Very good point Comment by Dr.Fatin Al Zadjali: Correct this wording Comment by Dr.Fatin Al Zadjali: Define Maslow , also the context in which you introduced it is inaccurate. Try to focus on the question and read it carefully Comment by Dr.Fatin Al Zadjali: Is it relevant to the question? Those who supported this theory had a firm belief in the importance of the satisfaction of the employee and thus offered suggestions like praise and employee participation so as to increase the level of their satisfaction. This theory can be seen in practice today as managers motivate, lead, embrace teamwork, and manage conflicts. Scientific Approach:- Scientific theory is a theory that is behind the works of Fredric Taylor. His main goal of deve.

1. PBM assignment 1
Assignment 1
Principle Business Management UG006-PBM
Done by: Dana Said AL-Shibli ST09881
Submitted to: DR. FATIN AL-ZADJALI
Table of contents

2. Question 1
…………………………………………………………………………
…………………………………3-7 Comment by Dr.Fatin Al
Zadjali: Correct the margins of the table of contents
Question
2………………………………………………………………………
……………….……………………8
Question 3
…………………………………………………………………………
…………………………..…...9
Reference
…………………………………………………………………………
…………….…………………………10
Behavioral approach:-
The behavioral approach was developed after people in the late
1700s to early 1900s realized that people were as well essential
components to the success of the organization. The behavioral
theory plays an important role in showing the human relations
aspect of management and the way in which the level of
productivity is dependent on the level at which the employee is
motivated. The behavioral theories were geared by the criticism
of scientific management theory by Taylor. Comment by
Dr.Fatin Al Zadjali: Where is the introduction, attempt to layout
what are you going to discuss in the assignment before
immediately answering the question Comment by Dr.Fatin
Al Zadjali: Define those theories and include quotation ,
introduce what are they proposing before discussing them
The behavioral theorist withheld that employees were not
machines but people with their own psychological and social

3. needs as well. They insisted that an organization or a firm was a
psycho-social system with the primary focus on the human
factor. Workers do have not only economic needs but also some
other needs which need to be fulfilled for them to be motivated.
The theory has the Maslow hierarchy of needs. Those ranked
low in the hierarchy require to be fulfilled before the ones at the
top can be attained. These needs, as presented by Maslow's
hierarchy of needs are psychological needs, safety needs,
belongingness and love needs, esteem needs, and self-
actualization. These needs need to be fulfilled as up climbs up
the hierarchy. An employee needs to be satisfied
psychologically and guaranteed with safety for him or her to be
able to self-actualize and perform well in an organization.
Comment by Dr.Fatin Al Zadjali: Very good point
Comment by Dr.Fatin Al Zadjali: Correct this wording
Comment by Dr.Fatin Al Zadjali: Define Maslow , also the
context in which you introduced it is inaccurate. Try to focus on
the question and read it carefully Comment by Dr.Fatin Al
Zadjali: Is it relevant to the question?
Those who supported this theory had a firm belief in the
importance of the satisfaction of the employee and thus offered
suggestions like praise and employee participation so as to
increase the level of their satisfaction. This theory can be seen
in practice today as managers motivate, lead, embrace
teamwork, and manage conflicts.
Scientific Approach:-
Scientific theory is a theory that is behind the works of Fredric
Taylor. His main goal of developing the theory was to increase
economy’s effectiveness (Waring, 2016). The theory was mainly
interested on how effectively labor was used in driving
productivity. It campaigns for roles within the organizations to
be allocated to individuals on their capability to carry them out.
It also advocates for employees to be provided with extensive
organization so as to increase their efficiency. Productivity in a
firm can only be increased if roles and assignments are

4. accorded in accordance to individual’s trainings and if the
employees are placed under continuous training to better their
skills. The theory attempts to come up with specific ways of
carrying out given tasks. Comment by Dr.Fatin Al Zadjali: Very
good including citations Comment by Dr.Fatin Al Zadjali:
Define it this is not the correct definition, it focuses on
statistics and number attainment please revisit the definition
Comment by Dr.Fatin Al Zadjali: This is really very good
discussion but not related to the question READ THE
QUESTION CAREFULLY AND ANSWER
There are four parts under the scientific theory. One of the parts
is the rules. Organizations need to be guided by rules which
dictate what is expected of people and what they should not be
involved in. It is easier to manage using rules; because people
will always be aware of what is expected of them. It also has a
part associated with standard operating procedures. Employees
are required to adhere to these procedures when performing
various roles. There is also the part concerned with norms.
There are specific norms that guide organizations and which
they should ensure that they adhere to at all times. There are
rewards, which include wages and salaries to the employees.
They are essential at keeping the employees motivated.
Comment by Dr.Fatin Al Zadjali: Excellent discussions , I
wish you explain the same in the context of the definition and
also relate that the human aspect is one of the weakness of this
theory
General Administrative theory;-
A top down strategy was used in creating some ideas under this
theory and are used in analyzing a given organization
("Different Management Theories | Organizational Behavior /

5. Human Relations," 2020). The theory dictates some
responsibilities to managers which are; organizing, having
control over the firm, scheduling, projecting, and giving
commands. These responsibilities were then added to the 14
principles of management which are used in the effective
management of organizations. Comment by Dr.Fatin Al Zadjali:
Wrong citation Comment by Dr.Fatin Al Zadjali: Define
the theory properly
One of the principles is a division of work, which states that if
work is divided and employees adequately trained, the results
can be magnificent. Authority requires the manager to have the
authority to give orders. Discipline is a principle which states
that discipline must be upheld in organizations. Unity of
command is a principle which states that firms should have a
single direct supervisor.
Unity of direction is also a principle that requires firms to have
similar objectives while subordination of a person's interest to
the general interest states that the interest of the employees
should never be allowed to become more important than that of
the team. He also came up with the principle of remuneration,
which states that the satisfaction of the employees is dependent
on fair remuneration for all. Centralization is a principle which
linked the closeness of the employees to the process of making
decisions. Scalar chain is also a principle which calls for the
employees to be aware of the position they take in the firm's
command chain. Other principles, as developed by Fayol,
include order, equity, initiative, esprit de corps, and stability of
tenure of personnel. All these principles focus on easing the
management process and also on increasing production.
Organizational Environment theory:-
An organizational environment denotes a combination of forces
that are within an organization and which have the capability of
affecting the way it carries out its operations as well as to the
relevant resources which are usually scarce. Structure and
management of an organization are seen as being contingent on

6. the nature of the environment in which the firm operates. The
theory denotes that there are numerous aspects that affect the
open systems, the stages that a given open system abides by in
relation to the environment for it to grow and survive.
Comment by Dr.Fatin Al Zadjali: Include back up to your
claim
The organizational environment theory acknowledges the claims
that there is no best way to organize a given corporation, for it
to lead a company or even to make substantial decisions. It
notes that the ideal cause of action is attached to the external
and internal situation. All firms are different because of the
different environments in which they usually operate, and they
should be designed to accommodate different opportunities and
problems.
Management Science Theory:- Comment by Dr.Fatin Al Zadjali:
Include this definition to the scientific theory instead
This theory uses mathematical and statistical techniques to
solve multifaceted problems in business. It attempts to solve
technical rather than a human behavior problem. The theory
relies on mathematical and statistical techniques like linear
programming, economic order quantity, queuing, and game
theory, among others, to solve the problems in management
(Theory, 2020). With the emergence of computer technology
and improved methods of communicating media, there has been
a heightened effect of management science theory in the world
of business to make a decision and solve intricate challenges.
Comment by Dr.Fatin Al Zadjali: Wrong citation should be
( Daft, year )

7. The theory has three distinct branches, which include
quantitative management. Quantitative management uses
mathematical methods like modeling, linear programming, and
queuing theory to aid managers in making the right decisions.
Also, there is the presence of operation management. It's a
branch that is concerned with aiding an organization to carry
out its production of services and products more easily. This
branch is significantly less statistical and mathematical and can
be applied directly applied to a managerial situation. Operation
management equips managers with a set of methodologies that
can be utilized in making the system of organizational
production to heighten its efficiency. Comment by Dr.Fatin
Al Zadjali: From where this information? Include citation
The thirds branch is referred to as a management information
system (Theory, 2020). This branch is systematic and
comprehensive, and it obtains, stores, and gives distinct
information with respect to the management and the business.
The system is usually computerized and gives timely and
accurate information in relation to the management of the
business. It aids managers in designing info systems that
provide information about events taking place within and out of
the organization.
Examination of the case study:-
One of the theories applied in the management of the bank is
the general administrative theory. It has been said that the bank
had several departments, where some were lenient to human
circumstances while other ensured that all the employees
followed the set rules, regulation, and ensured that they
completed their assignments as assigned to them. This
difference is what was making some of them seek to be
transferred to some other departments. Comment by Dr.Fatin
Al Zadjali: Identify which theory of this give justification for
your slection
The departments which were lenient to human aspects were
using behavioral approach theory. According to this theory,

8. people are essential items to the success of the organization and
need to be put into consideration even when assigning them
different roles. Employees sought to be transferred to
departments using behavioral theory because it appreciated
human relations and identified it as an essential aspect of
management. Appreciating human relations is what made the
department to be lenient to human activities. Comment by
Dr.Fatin Al Zadjali: Give reasons Comment by Dr.Fatin Al
Zadjali: Great can you back up the identification process with
references
As per behavioral theorists, human beings are not machines and
need to be appreciated. Instances, where some departments were
considerate on human actions, indicated that they understood
that humans are not machines. This is unlike in the other
departments where the employees were forced to perform roles
and adhere to all the set regulations, even if they were above
their capabilities. Comment by Dr.Fatin Al Zadjali: Your
answer is minial include justification, analysis and back up your
argument with evidence from the book or extra references use
google scholar if you need
A management theory to be implemented at Meethaq Bank:-
The bank should consider implementing a behavioral approach
theory. From the case, some departments fail to realize that
human beings are not machines to follow all the rules 'and
regulations set to book. They also fail to realize that employees
are human, and there are some human issues they should be
lenient on. For example, if an employee becomes assigned tasks
falling out of his or her competency, the organization should be
lenient on such situations instead of forcing them to carry out
these activities. Comment by Dr.Fatin Al Zadjali: Excellent
example but include for instance training as a solution in this
scenario

9. Also refer to the theory identified and ways in which Haitham
can employ to allow the managers to work effectively
How he can dismantle conflict from departmental perspective
Implementing the behavioral approach theory, the organization
will be able to ensure that all the departments treat the
employees like humans instead of treating them like machines.
Behavioral theorists insisted that human relations are essential
aspects of management and that the level of productivity in a
firm is dependent on the level of motivation according to the
employees. This implies that if Meethaq bank implements this
theory for the overall management, then it will be in a position
of acknowledging the inputs of all the employees and motivate
them accordingly, thus giving it a higher likelihood of
improving its performance across all the departments.
Comment by Dr.Fatin Al Zadjali: Have you defined it
The bank should also consider implanting this theory because it
withholds the fact that employees are not machines, but
individuals who as well have social and psychological needs
which need to be adhered to. With this theory governing the
overall organization, Haitham will be in a position of ensuring
that all the departments treat employees as they should be
treated and thus making them develop a sense of belonging.
Making them feel relevant to the firm and being lenient to some
of the human actions will play a great role in motivating them
and making them be more productive. It will also make all the
departments work in collaboration without any individual
seeking to be transferred to another department.
References:-
· Different Management Theories | Organizational Behavior /
Human Relations. (2020). Retrieved 4 April 2020, from
https://courses.lumenlearning.com/wm-
organizationalbehavior/chapter/different-management-theories/

10. Comment by Dr.Fatin Al Zadjali: Numbering no bullet
point
· Evans, T. (2010). Professionals, managers, and discretion:
Critiquing street-level bureaucracy. The British Journal of
Social Work, 41(2), 368-386. Comment by Dr.Fatin Al Zadjali:
This is correct referencing
· Slack, N., Chambers, S., & Johnston, R. (2010). Operations
management. Pearson education.
· Theory, M. (2020). Management Science Theory. Retrieved 19
April 2020, from http://management-at-
sight.blogspot.com/2012/09/management-science-theory.html
Comment by Dr.Fatin Al Zadjali: Inaccurate
· Waring, S. P. (2016). Taylorism Transformed: Scientific
management theory since 1945. UNC Press Books.
DR.Fatin AL-Zadjali Page 3
SOC-505
The Family and U.S. Society Worksheet Scoring Guide
REQUIREMENTS:
Complete the worksheet by responding to the following two
questions citing two to four scholarly sources.
Your responses should be 450-500 words each and in APA
format.
POSSIBLE
Points
ACTUAL
Points
1) Q.1: Describe how changes in the family have changed U.S.
society since 1950. Which of those changes have been positive?
Which have been negative? Explain. (450-500 words)

11. 40
2) Q.2: Describe how social changes in U.S. society have
affected the family since 1950. Which of those changes have
been positive? Which have been negative? Explain. (450-500
words)
40
References are in APA formatting.
10
TOTAL
90
Instructor Comments:
© 2017 Grand Canyon University. All Rights Reserved.
SOC-505 The Family and U.S. Society Worksheet
Because family is such a major societal institution, there is a
dynamic interplay between family and society. They affect one
another. This assignment will help you learn this concept.
Complete the worksheet by responding to the following two
questions. Cite two to four scholarly sources to support your
answers. Your responses should be 450-500 words each and in
APA format. A Reference section will be located at the end of
each question.

12. Q.1: Describe how changes in the family have affected U.S.
society since 1950. Which of those changes have been positive?
Which have been negative? Explain. (450-500 words)
References:
Q.2: Describe how social changes in U.S. society have affected
the family since 1950.Which of those changes have been
positive? Which have been negative? Explain. (450-500 words)
References:
© 2017. Grand Canyon University. All Rights Reserved.
Lecture 2
The Environment of Management, Theories
Dr. Fatin Al Zadjali
Principles of Business Management (MANG001)
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13. Early Management
Management has been practiced for thousands of years.
Organized projects were directed by people responsible for
planning,
organizing, leading, and controlling
The Egyptian pyramids are proof that projects of tremendous
scope, employing more than 100,000 workers for some 20 years,
were completed in ancient times.
In the 1400s the Venetians used warehouses and inventory
systems, as well as human resource management and accounting
systems to organize the construction in Venice.
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In the 1800s during the Industrial Revolution, which brought
about the birth of the corporation the concept of management
became a necessary component of the enterprise.
At the beginning of the twentieth century, the discipline of
management began to evolve as a unified body of knowledge.
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The Evolution of Management Theory
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14. Classical Approaches to Management:
Scientific Approach or Taylorism
General Administrative Theory
Behavioral Approach
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1. Scientific Management
Frederick W. Taylor is the Father of Scientific Management
He described scientific management as a method of
scientifically finding the “one best way to do a job.”
Scientific Management is defined as the systematic study of the
relationships between people and tasks for the purpose of
redesigning the work process to increase efficiency.
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Frederic Taylor saw no difference between men and machine
He believed in full division of labor and specialization
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15. 4 Principles of Scientific Management
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Rules – formal written instructions that specify actions to be
taken under different circumstances to achieve specific goals
Standard Operating Procedures (SOPs) – specific sets of written
instructions about how to perform a certain aspect of a task
Norms – unwritten, informal codes of conduct that prescribe
how people should act in the particular situations.
Rewards – clear rewards for above average performance to
motivate
Problems with Scientific Management
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Managers frequently implemented only the increased output
side of Taylor’s plan not the reward plans SO workers do not
get any additional benefits from increasing output.
Specialized jobs became very boring, dull, systematic, not
challenging SO workers ended up distrusting the Scientific
Management method.
Workers could purposely “under-perform” not live up to their
potential since Management increased use of machines and
conveyors belts.
2. General Administrative Management Theory
Theory is focused on what constitutes good management was
developed by Henri Fayol and Max Weber.
Administrative Management Theory is the study of how to
create an organizational structure that leads to high efficiency
and effectiveness.

16. Fayol identified 14 Principles of Management
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Fayol’s Fourteen Principles of Management
1. Division of work
2. Authority
3. Discipline
4. Unity of command
5. Unity of direction
Subordination of individual interests to the general interest
Remuneration
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8. Centralization
9. Scalar chain
10. Order
11. Equity
12. Stability of tenure personnel
13. Initiative
14. Esprit de corps
Division of Work. This principle is “division of labor” and
“specialization”
increases output by making employees more efficient.
Authority. Managers must be able to give orders therefor need

17. authority.
Whenever authority is exercised, responsibility arises.
Discipline. Employees must obey and respect the rules that
govern the
organization. Good discipline is the result of effective
leadership, a clear understanding between management and
workers of organization’s rules
and penalties for violations of the rules.
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4. Unity of Command. Every employee should receive orders
from only one superior.
5. Unity of Direction. One Vision, One Mission and same
objective all directed by one manager using one plan.
6. Subordination of Individual Interests to the General Interest.
The interests of any one employee or group of employees should
not take precedence over the interests of the organization as a
whole.
7. Remuneration. Workers must be paid a fair wage for their
services.
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8. Centralization. Centralization refers to the degree to which
subordinates are involved in decision making - decision making
is centralized to management or decentralized thus have
subordinates involvement. Organizations need to find proper
proportion and balance.

18. 9. Scalar Chain. The line of authority from top management to
the lowest ranks represents the scalar chain. All
communications should follow this chain of command or
authority. Changes to chain of command can be made is all
parties agree.
10. Order. People and materials should be in the right place at
the right time.
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11. Equity. Managers should be kind and fair to their
subordinates.
12. Stability of Tenure of Personnel. High employee turnover is
inefficient. Management should provide proper personnel
planning and ensure that replacements are available to fill
vacancies.
13. Initiative. Motivated employees who are allowed to be
creative and innovative will work harder and better.
14. Esprit de Corps. Team Work - Promoting team spirit will
build harmony and unity within the organization.
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3. Behavioral Approach
From the late 1700s to the early 1900s, many management
writers recognized the importance of people to an
organization’s success.
Some examples are:
Robert Owen concluded that working conditions have great

19. impact on performance.
Hugo Munsterberg suggested that using psychological tests such
as placement tests, skill tests, IQ and EQ tests would help place
right employees in the right jobs.
Mary Parker Follett concluded that organizations should be
based on a group ethic rather than on individualism.
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The Human Relations Movement of Behavioral Management
Theory that took place between the 1930s and 1950s
It is important to management history because its supporters
never wavered from their commitment to making management
practices more humane.
Supporters of this theory believed in the importance of
employee satisfaction—so they offered suggestions like
employee participation, praise, and being nice to people to
increase employee satisfaction.
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Abraham Maslow, a humanistic psychologist, developed
Maslow’s hierarchy of five needs.
Maslow’s theory (never fully supported by research) represents
the foundation from which contemporary motivation theories
were developed.
The field of study called organizational behavior (OB) has
resulted in what managers do today when managing people—
motivating, leading, building trust, working with a team,
managing conflict, and so on.

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Maslow’s hierarchy of needs.