The document outlines the rules and forms of passive voice in English, explaining its usage in various contexts such as when the doer is unknown or when the focus is on the action itself. It details different verb forms in passive voice, provides examples, and includes exercises for converting sentences to passive structure. The content also discusses specific cases where verbs can have two objects and how to construct passive sentences accordingly.

1. PASSIVE VOICE
PASSIVE VOICE
YOU WANT TO SHOW THAT
YOU WANT TO SHOW THAT
OBJECT HAS THE LARGER
OBJECT HAS THE LARGER
IMPORTANCE THAN SUBJECT
IMPORTANCE THAN SUBJECT
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2. Passive Voice
Passive Voice
We use passive forms when
We use passive forms when:
:
a) we don`t know
a) we don`t know WHO
WHO did it
did it;
;
The window was broken an hour ago.
The window was broken an hour ago.
b) we are interested in
b) we are interested in WHAT
WHAT happens,
happens,
not
not WHO
WHO it is done by
it is done by;
;
His watch was stolen in the street.
His watch was stolen in the street.
с)
с) the situation is rather formal.
the situation is rather formal.
Smoking is not allowed.
Smoking is not allowed.

3. Passive Voice
Passive Voice be
be+V
+V3
3
Somebody
Somebody cleans
cleans every day.
every day. (active)
(active)
subject
subject
is cleaned
is cleaned every day
every day.
. (passive)
(passive)
The object of the active verb becomes the subject in the
The object of the active verb becomes the subject in the
new sentence.
new sentence.
this room
this room
object
object
This room
This room
subject
subject

4. There are 8 forms of the verbs in the Passive
There are 8 forms of the verbs in the Passive
voice.
voice.
Present Simple
Present Simple
Past Simple
Past Simple
Future Simple
Future Simple
am/is/are + V3
was/were + V3
will be/shall be +V3
The work is done.
The work was done.
The work
will be done.
Present Progressive
Present Progressive
Past Progressive
Past Progressive
is/are being + V3
was/were being+V3
The work is being
done.
The work
was being done.
Present Perfect
Present Perfect
Past Perfect
Past Perfect
Future Perfect
Future Perfect
have been + V3
had + V3
will have been +V3
The work
has been done.
The work
had been done.
The work
will have been done.

7. Rewrite these
Rewrite these sentences using
sentences using
Passive voice
Passive voice:
:
1.
1. People
People don`t use
don`t use this road very often.
this road very often.
2.
2. Somebody
Somebody is using
is using the comp at the moment.
the comp at the moment.
3.
3. They
They have built
have built a new hospital near the airport.
a new hospital near the airport.
4.
4. They
They cancelled
cancelled all flights because of fog.
all flights because of fog.
5.
5. Somebody
Somebody was cleaning
was cleaning the room when I arrived.
the room when I arrived.
6.
6. The car was 3 years old but no one
The car was 3 years old but no one had used
had used it
it
very much.
very much.
7.
7. Somebody
Somebody will translate
will translate this article tomorrow.
this article tomorrow.
8.
8. By the end of the week Nick
By the end of the week Nick will have finished
will have finished his
his
report.
report.

8. Remember
Remember
If we want to say
If we want to say who does the action
who does the action,
,
we use
we use by
by :
:
This house was built
This house was built by
by my grandfather.
my grandfather.
Two hundred people are employed
Two hundred people are employed by
by the
the
company.
company.
If somebody does the action
If somebody does the action with the help of
with the help of
instruments
instruments, we use
, we use with
with :
:
Meat should be cut
Meat should be cut with
with a knife.
a knife.
Food in Japan is eaten
Food in Japan is eaten with
with chopsticks.
chopsticks.

9. Choose the right preposition
Choose the right preposition:
:
1.
1. Fish is cut … a special knife.
Fish is cut … a special knife.
2. What do we usually dig … ?
2. What do we usually dig … ?
3. These novels are written … A. J. Cronin.
3. These novels are written … A. J. Cronin.
4. The big tree was cut down … Jim.
4. The big tree was cut down … Jim.
5. The bridge was built … five workers.
5. The bridge was built … five workers.
6. Who is the portrait painted …?
6. Who is the portrait painted …?
7. Women`s dresses are sewed …
7. Women`s dresses are sewed …
dressmakers.
dressmakers.

10. Passive voice with the verbs
Passive voice with the verbs
that have two objects
that have two objects
Some verbs can have two objects
Some verbs can have two objects:
:
We gave
We gave the police the information
the police the information.
.
object 1
object 1 object 2
object 2
So it is possible to make two passive sentences
So it is possible to make two passive sentences:
:
The police
The police were given the information.
were given the information. Or
Or
The information
The information was given to the police.
was given to the police.
Other verbs which can have two objects are
Other verbs which can have two objects are :
:
ask offer pay refuse
ask offer pay refuse
send show teach tell
send show teach tell

11. Express the same in English using
Express the same in English using
passive forms of the verbs
passive forms of the verbs
1.
1. Мои часы украли вчера.
Мои часы украли вчера.
2.
2. Посмотри! Новый кинотеатр построили!
Посмотри! Новый кинотеатр построили!
3.
3. Когда Павел вошел в комнату, обсуждали его проект.
Когда Павел вошел в комнату, обсуждали его проект.
4.
4. Все упражнения сделаны. Мы можем идти в кино.
Все упражнения сделаны. Мы можем идти в кино.
5.
5. Когда с ним поговорят?
Когда с ним поговорят?
6.
6. Текст нужно будет перевести.
Текст нужно будет перевести.
7.
7. Когда папа приехал, вещи были упакованы.
Когда папа приехал, вещи были упакованы.
8.
8. Где статья? Ее переводят. Ее переведут через час.
Где статья? Ее переводят. Ее переведут через час.
9.
9. Джона Леннона знают не только в Англии.
Джона Леннона знают не только в Англии.
10.
10. Мне разрешили пойти в кино.
Мне разрешили пойти в кино.

12. Match the two parts of these
Match the two parts of these
sentences
sentences:
:
1. Marriages are made
1. Marriages are made a) cannot be undone.
a) cannot be undone.
2. Easily earned money
2. Easily earned money b) than badly taught.
b) than badly taught.
3. The devil is not so black
3. The devil is not so black c) is quickly spent.
c) is quickly spent.
4. Things done
4. Things done d) as he is painted.
d) as he is painted.
5. Better untaught
5. Better untaught e) in heaven.
e) in heaven.
Find their Russian equivalents
Find their Russian equivalents:
:
a)
a) Браки совершаются на небесах.
Браки совершаются на небесах.
b)
b) Недоученный хуже неученого.
Недоученный хуже неученого.
c)
c) Не так страшен черт, как его малюют.
Не так страшен черт, как его малюют.
d)
d) После драки кулаками не машут.
После драки кулаками не машут.
e)
e) Что легко наживается, легко и проживается.
Что легко наживается, легко и проживается.

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