The document discusses using Python for power systems analysis in PSS/E. It introduces Python, explains why it is useful for this application due to its simplicity, portability, and extensibility. It then provides an overview of how to program in Python, covering basics like syntax, variables, data types, control flow, and functions. The document also explains how to connect Python to PSS/E for automation, describing the embedded and external interpreter environments and some commonly used functions.
This document provides instructions for using the ping and traceroute commands to test TCP/IP network connectivity. It describes pinging the local loopback address and default gateway to verify local IP stack functionality. Traceroute is used to identify the network path and devices between the local host and a remote server, and can help locate connectivity issues along the path. The lab demonstrates using these commands on the local host to test connectivity to on-link and off-link devices and networks.
The document discusses the past, present, and future of HiPE (High Performance Erlang), a just-in-time native code compiler for Erlang. It provides details on recent versions of HiPE that are fully integrated with Erlang/OTP and allow compilation to SPARC and x86 backends. It also outlines current work on optimizations, formalizing Core Erlang, and exploring alternative memory architectures and language extensions.
This document provides an overview of the Internet Control Message Protocol (ICMP). It discusses how ICMP supports IP by providing error reporting and simple queries. It describes the ICMP message format including type, code, and checksum fields. It gives examples of common ICMP query messages like echo request/reply and timestamp request/reply. It also discusses ICMP error messages, including how they are formatted and common error types like destination unreachable, redirect, time exceeded, and parameter problem. It provides details on some destination unreachable error subtypes and gives an example of an ICMP port unreachable message.
This document discusses the programmer's model of microprocessors using the ARM architecture as an example. It describes the key components of the programmer's model including the register file, address space, instruction set, fetch-decode-execute cycle, and levels of representation from high-level code to machine language. Specific topics covered include ARM addressing modes, instruction categories such as data processing and load/store, and an example assembly program.
Python Introduction | JNTUA | R19 | UNIT 1 FabMinds
This document discusses an introduction to Python programming. It covers why Python is useful, how it is interpreted instead of compiled, and how to install Python. Specific fields where Python is applicable like civil engineering, electrical systems, mechanics, electronics and computer science are outlined. The first Python program, basic arithmetic operators, and variable types are explained. Finally, it introduces the Anaconda distribution of Python, why it is useful, additional applications it includes and how to install Anaconda.
The document discusses translating .NET bytecode to run on the Parrot virtual machine (VM). It describes:
1) Choosing bytecode translation over other options like modifying compilers or embedding VMs, as it provides better performance and independence from programming languages.
2) The challenges of translating between the stack-based .NET bytecode and register-based Parrot bytecode.
3) The architecture developed to make the translation pluggable and declarative, including a metadata translator, instruction translator, and stack to register mapping modules.
This document summarizes the results of a lab experiment using Wireshark to analyze ICMP packets from ping and traceroute commands. The summary identifies the IP addresses used, key ICMP field values like type and code, and differences observed between ICMP echo, error and reply packets. It also notes a significantly longer delay between routers located in New York and France across the Atlantic.
This document provides instructions for using the ping and traceroute commands to test TCP/IP network connectivity. It describes pinging the local loopback address and default gateway to verify local IP stack functionality. Traceroute is used to identify the network path and devices between the local host and a remote server, and can help locate connectivity issues along the path. The lab demonstrates using these commands on the local host to test connectivity to on-link and off-link devices and networks.
The document discusses the past, present, and future of HiPE (High Performance Erlang), a just-in-time native code compiler for Erlang. It provides details on recent versions of HiPE that are fully integrated with Erlang/OTP and allow compilation to SPARC and x86 backends. It also outlines current work on optimizations, formalizing Core Erlang, and exploring alternative memory architectures and language extensions.
This document provides an overview of the Internet Control Message Protocol (ICMP). It discusses how ICMP supports IP by providing error reporting and simple queries. It describes the ICMP message format including type, code, and checksum fields. It gives examples of common ICMP query messages like echo request/reply and timestamp request/reply. It also discusses ICMP error messages, including how they are formatted and common error types like destination unreachable, redirect, time exceeded, and parameter problem. It provides details on some destination unreachable error subtypes and gives an example of an ICMP port unreachable message.
This document discusses the programmer's model of microprocessors using the ARM architecture as an example. It describes the key components of the programmer's model including the register file, address space, instruction set, fetch-decode-execute cycle, and levels of representation from high-level code to machine language. Specific topics covered include ARM addressing modes, instruction categories such as data processing and load/store, and an example assembly program.
Python Introduction | JNTUA | R19 | UNIT 1 FabMinds
This document discusses an introduction to Python programming. It covers why Python is useful, how it is interpreted instead of compiled, and how to install Python. Specific fields where Python is applicable like civil engineering, electrical systems, mechanics, electronics and computer science are outlined. The first Python program, basic arithmetic operators, and variable types are explained. Finally, it introduces the Anaconda distribution of Python, why it is useful, additional applications it includes and how to install Anaconda.
The document discusses translating .NET bytecode to run on the Parrot virtual machine (VM). It describes:
1) Choosing bytecode translation over other options like modifying compilers or embedding VMs, as it provides better performance and independence from programming languages.
2) The challenges of translating between the stack-based .NET bytecode and register-based Parrot bytecode.
3) The architecture developed to make the translation pluggable and declarative, including a metadata translator, instruction translator, and stack to register mapping modules.
This document summarizes the results of a lab experiment using Wireshark to analyze ICMP packets from ping and traceroute commands. The summary identifies the IP addresses used, key ICMP field values like type and code, and differences observed between ICMP echo, error and reply packets. It also notes a significantly longer delay between routers located in New York and France across the Atlantic.
OPAL-RT RT14 Conference: Power System Monitoring and Operator TrainingOPAL-RT TECHNOLOGIES
The document summarizes a presentation given at the 7th International Conference on Real-Time Simulation Technologies in Montreal from June 9-12, 2014. The presentation was given by Frank Carrera and Vahid Jalili-Marandi from Electric Power Group and discussed their synchrophasor solutions called ePHASORsim and RTDMS. ePHASORsim is a real-time transient stability simulator and RTDMS is a synchrophasor-based software system for real-time monitoring, visualization, and analysis of power systems. The presentation demonstrated how ePHASORsim can be used to simulate phasor data which is then sent to RTDMS for real-time visualization and analysis during operator training
AMSC's Distribution Static Var Compensator (D-SVC) system provides precise reactive compensation to eliminate voltage sags and flicker from large electric loads. It monitors voltage, load, and currents 4000 times per second to instantly mitigate abnormalities. The D-SVC is designed for substations and comes pre-assembled for easy installation. It addresses issues like voltage flicker from varying loads and sags from large motor starts while improving power factor and voltage regulation.
The document provides an overview of AMSC's D-VAR STATCOM model for PSSE (CDVAR4 user model). It includes descriptions of the model features such as voltage control profiles, switched shunt profiles, parameters, and validation of the model outputs against field measurements. The document also provides examples of how to set up the model in a PSSE load flow including the machine data, parameters, and dyre data.
23 support for small rice threshers in nigeria 8-07mamoharar
This document discusses support for small rice threshers in Nigeria. It reviews existing rice thresher designs and proposes three prototype small threshers. The study found that rice threshing in Nigeria is currently very labor intensive and done manually. It recommended a pedal-operated thresher for small farms under 2 hectares, an improved IITA/WARDA thresher for farms up to 5 hectares, and an improved IART multi-crop thresher for larger farms over 5 hectares. The proposed threshers were designed to handle rice harvested with or without straw and have capacities ranging from 50kg/hr to 250kg/hr, costing between 80,000 to 300,000 Naira.
To identify and simulate conventional type of disturbance on the overhead transmission line by using PSCAD / EMTDC software package
To develop mathematical model for various type of disturbance on overhead transmission line.
To develop a smart algorithm for fault detection using Artificial Neural Network (ANN) and Particle Swarm Optimization (PSO).
SMES systems store energy in the magnetic field created by superconducting coils cooled to below their critical temperature. They provide high power density for short durations and have very fast response, high efficiency, and no moving parts. While SMES can increase grid stability and reliability, their widespread use is limited by high capital costs. Distributed SMES may provide more cost-effective stabilization of entire utility systems.
Nowadays, it is very important to maintain voltage level. Controlling of that voltage is also important. This Presentation contains methods of voltage control.
Installing, Programming & Commissioning of Power System Protection Relays and...Living Online
The continuity of the electrical power supply is very important to consumers especially in the industrial sector. Protection relays are used in power systems to maximise continuity of supply and are found in both small and large power systems from generation, through transmission, distribution and utilisation of the power. A good understanding of their application, operation and maintenance is critical for operating and maintenance personnel.
In this workshop, you will gain a thorough understanding of the capabilities of power system protection relays and how they fit into the overall distribution network. The practical sessions covering the calculation of fault currents, selection of appropriate relays and relay coordination as well as hands-on practice in configuring and setting of some of the commonly used types of protection relays used in industry will give you an excellent understanding. Simulation software and real relays (but at safe voltages) will be used to give the participants practical experience in setting up and configuring the various power parameters. Both electro-mechanical and microprocessor relays will be used to demonstrate the key configuration settings required and the major differences in the approach adopted between these two classes of relays.
The strengths and weaknesses of the latest microprocessor (or numerical) relays as compared to the older electromechanical relays will be outlined. You will also gain a solid appreciation of how the modern relay communicates not only to the central SCADA system but also between themselves resulting in a truly multifunctional system which includes protection, control and monitoring. Finally, you will gain a solid understanding of issues of reliability and security for the modern relay.
MORE INFORMATION: http://www.idc-online.com/content/installing-programming-and-commissioning-power-system-protection-relays-and-hardware-31
Grid calculations ELVIS event Antti HarjulaFingrid Oyj
In 2008, Fingrid launched a project, the aim of which was to build a new information system that supported asset and operation management and was based on product-based solutions. This new data system that supports asset and operation management goes by the name of ELVIS (an acronym for ELectricity Verkko Information System).
Superconductivity in Electric Power Sector discusses applications of superconductors in the electric power sector. There are two types of superconductors - low temperature superconductors (LTS) and high temperature superconductors (HTS). LTS have lower critical temperatures requiring expensive liquid helium for cooling, while HTS can be cooled with liquid nitrogen. Potential applications discussed include superconducting magnetic energy storage (SMES), which stores electricity in magnetic fields with near-zero losses; power transmission cables with reduced resistive losses; more efficient transformers; and fault current limiters providing protection against surges. Further research aims to develop room temperature superconductors for revolutionizing electronics, power and transportation.
This document provides an overview of superconducting magnetic energy storage (SMES). It discusses the history and components of SMES systems, including superconducting coils, power conditioning systems, cryogenic units, and control systems. The operating principle is described, where energy is stored in the magnetic field created by direct current flowing through the superconducting coil. Applications include providing stability and power quality for the electric grid. Challenges include the large scale needed and cryogenic cooling required to maintain superconductivity.
Transient stability refers to the ability of a power grid to maintain synchronism during severe disturbances. Methods to improve transient stability include increasing generator rotor size, reducing transmission line reactance, using dynamic braking resistors, independent pole operation of circuit breakers, single pole switching, fast excitation control, fast governor action, generator and load tripping, regulated shunt compensation using static VAR devices, HVDC transmission, and increasing the short circuit ratio. The inertia constant of generators also impacts stability but increasing it is not practical due to increased machine size and cost.
This document provides an overview of voltage source converters (VSC) for high voltage direct current (HVDC) transmission. It discusses the components and operation of VSC-HVDC systems, including different converter configurations like two-level, three-level, and modular multi-level converters. It also compares VSC-HVDC to conventional HVDC systems using line-commutated converters, noting advantages of VSC-HVDC like eliminating the need for reactive power compensation and reducing the risk of commutation failures.
Tutorial: Introduction to Transient Analysis with PowerFactory. This tutorial is a simple introduction to transient simulation using DIgSILENT PowerFactory
14_H00141747_Doula Isham_B30UC_Power System Transient Stability_Poster_2015-16Isham Rashik
This document summarizes a student project on analyzing power system transient stability through simulations of three-phase faults. The project involves:
1) Developing MATLAB programs to analyze transient stability for one machine and IEEE 14 bus systems using techniques like equal area criterion and Runge-Kutta.
2) Creating a graphical user interface to allow interactive analysis and training.
3) Testing the tools by simulating three-phase faults at different locations and obtaining critical clearing angles/times to assess stability.
4) Concluding the tools can accurately analyze transient stability and the graphical interface enables better training than traditional methods.
This 4-day workshop on power system stability and control will be held from June 8-11, 2015 at the Grand Hyatt in Bali, Indonesia. It will be facilitated by Dr. Prabha Kundur, a world-renowned expert in this area. Attendees will gain a comprehensive understanding of issues relating to power system stability, including an overview of equipment, modeling techniques, and control of active power, frequency, reactive power and voltage. The workshop will also cover topics such as transient stability, small-signal stability, voltage stability and frequency stability.
This document discusses reactive power and voltage control in electrical power systems. It defines real and reactive power and explains that reactive power is needed to maintain adequate voltages throughout transmission and distribution systems. Several methods of providing reactive power are described, including synchronous condensers, capacitors, static VAR compensators, and distributed generation. The document also discusses different types of voltage and VAR control and compares characteristics of various reactive power sources.
Transient stability analysis on a multi machine system in psateSAT Journals
Abstract
Modern power system are subject to large disturbances such as three phase short circuit faults. When a fault occurs on a system
the generators rotor angle becomes unstable and thus it losses synchronism with the system and it becomes unstable. Thus
transient stability analysis can be performed on a system in order to understand the generators performance when subjected to a
short circuit fault. When the system is subjected to a fault the generator experiences transient oscillations in rotor speed and
angle which can be effectively suppressed with the incorporation of Automatic Voltage Regulator (AVR) and Power System
Stabilizer (PSS). The simulations have been performed using the MATLAB/PSAT software.
Keywords—Transient stability, Three phase fault Faults, AVR, PSS.
Superconductivity is a phenomenon that occurs in certain materials below a critical temperature where they show zero electrical resistance. It was discovered in 1911 by Heike Kamerlingh Onnes who found that mercury's resistivity disappeared below 4K. Superconductors expel magnetic fields, known as the Meissner effect. An experiment is described where a ceramic disk made of yttrium-barium-copper oxide is cooled below its critical temperature using liquid nitrogen, causing it to become a superconductor and levitate a small magnet due to persistent electric currents. Theories like the BCS theory and London theory were developed to explain the microscopic mechanisms of superconductivity.
This document provides an introduction to the Python programming language. It outlines the topics that will be covered, which include an introduction to Python, a Python tutorial, numerics and plotting with libraries like NumPy and Matplotlib, and an overview of the Python standard library. It then discusses the history and design of Python, how to get started with the interpreter, basic Python concepts like objects and data types, and gives examples of working with core data types like numbers, strings, lists, and tuples.
This document provides an introduction to the Python programming language. It discusses what Python is, why it was created, its basic features and uses. Python is an interpreted, object-oriented programming language that is designed to be readable. It can be used for tasks such as web development, scientific computing, and scripting. The document also covers Python basics like variables, data types, operators, and input/output functions. It provides examples of Python code and discusses best practices for writing and running Python programs.
OPAL-RT RT14 Conference: Power System Monitoring and Operator TrainingOPAL-RT TECHNOLOGIES
The document summarizes a presentation given at the 7th International Conference on Real-Time Simulation Technologies in Montreal from June 9-12, 2014. The presentation was given by Frank Carrera and Vahid Jalili-Marandi from Electric Power Group and discussed their synchrophasor solutions called ePHASORsim and RTDMS. ePHASORsim is a real-time transient stability simulator and RTDMS is a synchrophasor-based software system for real-time monitoring, visualization, and analysis of power systems. The presentation demonstrated how ePHASORsim can be used to simulate phasor data which is then sent to RTDMS for real-time visualization and analysis during operator training
AMSC's Distribution Static Var Compensator (D-SVC) system provides precise reactive compensation to eliminate voltage sags and flicker from large electric loads. It monitors voltage, load, and currents 4000 times per second to instantly mitigate abnormalities. The D-SVC is designed for substations and comes pre-assembled for easy installation. It addresses issues like voltage flicker from varying loads and sags from large motor starts while improving power factor and voltage regulation.
The document provides an overview of AMSC's D-VAR STATCOM model for PSSE (CDVAR4 user model). It includes descriptions of the model features such as voltage control profiles, switched shunt profiles, parameters, and validation of the model outputs against field measurements. The document also provides examples of how to set up the model in a PSSE load flow including the machine data, parameters, and dyre data.
23 support for small rice threshers in nigeria 8-07mamoharar
This document discusses support for small rice threshers in Nigeria. It reviews existing rice thresher designs and proposes three prototype small threshers. The study found that rice threshing in Nigeria is currently very labor intensive and done manually. It recommended a pedal-operated thresher for small farms under 2 hectares, an improved IITA/WARDA thresher for farms up to 5 hectares, and an improved IART multi-crop thresher for larger farms over 5 hectares. The proposed threshers were designed to handle rice harvested with or without straw and have capacities ranging from 50kg/hr to 250kg/hr, costing between 80,000 to 300,000 Naira.
To identify and simulate conventional type of disturbance on the overhead transmission line by using PSCAD / EMTDC software package
To develop mathematical model for various type of disturbance on overhead transmission line.
To develop a smart algorithm for fault detection using Artificial Neural Network (ANN) and Particle Swarm Optimization (PSO).
SMES systems store energy in the magnetic field created by superconducting coils cooled to below their critical temperature. They provide high power density for short durations and have very fast response, high efficiency, and no moving parts. While SMES can increase grid stability and reliability, their widespread use is limited by high capital costs. Distributed SMES may provide more cost-effective stabilization of entire utility systems.
Nowadays, it is very important to maintain voltage level. Controlling of that voltage is also important. This Presentation contains methods of voltage control.
Installing, Programming & Commissioning of Power System Protection Relays and...Living Online
The continuity of the electrical power supply is very important to consumers especially in the industrial sector. Protection relays are used in power systems to maximise continuity of supply and are found in both small and large power systems from generation, through transmission, distribution and utilisation of the power. A good understanding of their application, operation and maintenance is critical for operating and maintenance personnel.
In this workshop, you will gain a thorough understanding of the capabilities of power system protection relays and how they fit into the overall distribution network. The practical sessions covering the calculation of fault currents, selection of appropriate relays and relay coordination as well as hands-on practice in configuring and setting of some of the commonly used types of protection relays used in industry will give you an excellent understanding. Simulation software and real relays (but at safe voltages) will be used to give the participants practical experience in setting up and configuring the various power parameters. Both electro-mechanical and microprocessor relays will be used to demonstrate the key configuration settings required and the major differences in the approach adopted between these two classes of relays.
The strengths and weaknesses of the latest microprocessor (or numerical) relays as compared to the older electromechanical relays will be outlined. You will also gain a solid appreciation of how the modern relay communicates not only to the central SCADA system but also between themselves resulting in a truly multifunctional system which includes protection, control and monitoring. Finally, you will gain a solid understanding of issues of reliability and security for the modern relay.
MORE INFORMATION: http://www.idc-online.com/content/installing-programming-and-commissioning-power-system-protection-relays-and-hardware-31
Grid calculations ELVIS event Antti HarjulaFingrid Oyj
In 2008, Fingrid launched a project, the aim of which was to build a new information system that supported asset and operation management and was based on product-based solutions. This new data system that supports asset and operation management goes by the name of ELVIS (an acronym for ELectricity Verkko Information System).
Superconductivity in Electric Power Sector discusses applications of superconductors in the electric power sector. There are two types of superconductors - low temperature superconductors (LTS) and high temperature superconductors (HTS). LTS have lower critical temperatures requiring expensive liquid helium for cooling, while HTS can be cooled with liquid nitrogen. Potential applications discussed include superconducting magnetic energy storage (SMES), which stores electricity in magnetic fields with near-zero losses; power transmission cables with reduced resistive losses; more efficient transformers; and fault current limiters providing protection against surges. Further research aims to develop room temperature superconductors for revolutionizing electronics, power and transportation.
This document provides an overview of superconducting magnetic energy storage (SMES). It discusses the history and components of SMES systems, including superconducting coils, power conditioning systems, cryogenic units, and control systems. The operating principle is described, where energy is stored in the magnetic field created by direct current flowing through the superconducting coil. Applications include providing stability and power quality for the electric grid. Challenges include the large scale needed and cryogenic cooling required to maintain superconductivity.
Transient stability refers to the ability of a power grid to maintain synchronism during severe disturbances. Methods to improve transient stability include increasing generator rotor size, reducing transmission line reactance, using dynamic braking resistors, independent pole operation of circuit breakers, single pole switching, fast excitation control, fast governor action, generator and load tripping, regulated shunt compensation using static VAR devices, HVDC transmission, and increasing the short circuit ratio. The inertia constant of generators also impacts stability but increasing it is not practical due to increased machine size and cost.
This document provides an overview of voltage source converters (VSC) for high voltage direct current (HVDC) transmission. It discusses the components and operation of VSC-HVDC systems, including different converter configurations like two-level, three-level, and modular multi-level converters. It also compares VSC-HVDC to conventional HVDC systems using line-commutated converters, noting advantages of VSC-HVDC like eliminating the need for reactive power compensation and reducing the risk of commutation failures.
Tutorial: Introduction to Transient Analysis with PowerFactory. This tutorial is a simple introduction to transient simulation using DIgSILENT PowerFactory
14_H00141747_Doula Isham_B30UC_Power System Transient Stability_Poster_2015-16Isham Rashik
This document summarizes a student project on analyzing power system transient stability through simulations of three-phase faults. The project involves:
1) Developing MATLAB programs to analyze transient stability for one machine and IEEE 14 bus systems using techniques like equal area criterion and Runge-Kutta.
2) Creating a graphical user interface to allow interactive analysis and training.
3) Testing the tools by simulating three-phase faults at different locations and obtaining critical clearing angles/times to assess stability.
4) Concluding the tools can accurately analyze transient stability and the graphical interface enables better training than traditional methods.
This 4-day workshop on power system stability and control will be held from June 8-11, 2015 at the Grand Hyatt in Bali, Indonesia. It will be facilitated by Dr. Prabha Kundur, a world-renowned expert in this area. Attendees will gain a comprehensive understanding of issues relating to power system stability, including an overview of equipment, modeling techniques, and control of active power, frequency, reactive power and voltage. The workshop will also cover topics such as transient stability, small-signal stability, voltage stability and frequency stability.
This document discusses reactive power and voltage control in electrical power systems. It defines real and reactive power and explains that reactive power is needed to maintain adequate voltages throughout transmission and distribution systems. Several methods of providing reactive power are described, including synchronous condensers, capacitors, static VAR compensators, and distributed generation. The document also discusses different types of voltage and VAR control and compares characteristics of various reactive power sources.
Transient stability analysis on a multi machine system in psateSAT Journals
Abstract
Modern power system are subject to large disturbances such as three phase short circuit faults. When a fault occurs on a system
the generators rotor angle becomes unstable and thus it losses synchronism with the system and it becomes unstable. Thus
transient stability analysis can be performed on a system in order to understand the generators performance when subjected to a
short circuit fault. When the system is subjected to a fault the generator experiences transient oscillations in rotor speed and
angle which can be effectively suppressed with the incorporation of Automatic Voltage Regulator (AVR) and Power System
Stabilizer (PSS). The simulations have been performed using the MATLAB/PSAT software.
Keywords—Transient stability, Three phase fault Faults, AVR, PSS.
Superconductivity is a phenomenon that occurs in certain materials below a critical temperature where they show zero electrical resistance. It was discovered in 1911 by Heike Kamerlingh Onnes who found that mercury's resistivity disappeared below 4K. Superconductors expel magnetic fields, known as the Meissner effect. An experiment is described where a ceramic disk made of yttrium-barium-copper oxide is cooled below its critical temperature using liquid nitrogen, causing it to become a superconductor and levitate a small magnet due to persistent electric currents. Theories like the BCS theory and London theory were developed to explain the microscopic mechanisms of superconductivity.
This document provides an introduction to the Python programming language. It outlines the topics that will be covered, which include an introduction to Python, a Python tutorial, numerics and plotting with libraries like NumPy and Matplotlib, and an overview of the Python standard library. It then discusses the history and design of Python, how to get started with the interpreter, basic Python concepts like objects and data types, and gives examples of working with core data types like numbers, strings, lists, and tuples.
This document provides an introduction to the Python programming language. It discusses what Python is, why it was created, its basic features and uses. Python is an interpreted, object-oriented programming language that is designed to be readable. It can be used for tasks such as web development, scientific computing, and scripting. The document also covers Python basics like variables, data types, operators, and input/output functions. It provides examples of Python code and discusses best practices for writing and running Python programs.
Python Basics: A Complete Introduction to Python3.Your Complete Python Curriculum— With Exercises, Interactive Quizzeresources, and Sample python programs.Python for beginners to excel in their careers in programming
This document provides an introduction to the Python programming language. It discusses why Python is a good choice, describes its main features like being free, easy to learn, and having a large library of tools. It also covers installing Python via Anaconda distribution, using interactive environments like Jupyter notebooks, Python syntax basics such as variables, operators, and input/output, and resources for further learning.
Youtube Link: https://youtu.be/d-KWz7euLlc
** Edureka Python Certification Training: https://www.edureka.co/data-science-python-certification-course **
This Edureka PPT on 'Robot Framework With Python' explains the various aspects of robot framework in python with a use case showing web testing using selenium library.
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The type of a value refers to the kind of data it represents. In Python, the main types are:
- int - integer numbers like 1, 2, 100
- float - floating point numbers like 1.5, 3.14159
- str - strings, sequences of characters like 'hello'
- bool - boolean values True or False
When you write code, Python assigns a type to each value. The type determines how it can be used and what operations are valid on it. For example, you can add two integers but not add an integer to a string. Checking and understanding types is important for writing correct Python code.
Presentation on basics of computer programming and programming Raspberry Pi's using the Python Programming Language at the Raspberry Pi Demo Day at Toronto Reference Library on May 28, 2016.
EE312_ Control System Engineering_Moodle_PagePraneel Chand
This document contains information about the EE312: Control System Engineering course, including announcements, lecture materials, and lab information. The course provides an introduction to control systems engineering, covering topics such as mathematical modeling, block diagram representation, transducers, and using programmable logic controllers. Students will learn the fundamentals of modeling dynamic systems and designing controllers, and will complete a mini-project in the labs involving PLCs starting in week 5. The document contains materials to support learning these key concepts through lectures, tutorials, videos, and lab activities focused on modeling, transducers, and programming PLCs.
The document discusses Python programming concepts like conditional statements, loops, lists and PyCharm IDE. It explains how to install Python and PyCharm on Windows. Key Python concepts covered include while, for and nested loops, if-else and elif conditional statements. The document also demonstrates various list operations in Python like accessing list items, finding length of a list, adding and removing items from a list.
This document provides an introduction to Python programming. It discusses the basics of Python including its history, features, execution process, data types, operators, control flow statements, errors, and programming paradigms. It also describes different flavors of Python like CPython, Jython, IronPython, PyPy and their usage. The document aims to help students understand the fundamentals of Python programming.
This document summarizes two projects completed by an intern during a rotation at Analog Devices: 1) Implementing a graphical debugger in Python for an evaluation board's software. The new debugger has buttons and highlights the current line, providing a more visual interface compared to the previous debugger. 2) Using Excel to model and compare low-pass filters, including modeling the transfer function of an amplifier, cascaded first-order RC filters, and a Sallen-Key filter topology. The intern gained experience with Python, Excel, circuit analysis, and electrical design through these projects.
The document discusses the syllabus for the course EE6008 - Microcontroller Based System Design. It covers 5 units: (1) Introduction to PIC Microcontroller architecture; (2) Interrupts and timers on PIC microcontrollers; (3) Interfacing peripherals using I2C bus, analog to digital converters, and UART; (4) Introduction to ARM processor architecture; (5) ARM organization including pipeline stages and instruction set. The objectives are to introduce microcontroller architectures and teach how to use interrupts, timers, and peripheral devices for data communication.
EE6008 MCBSD - Introduction to PIC Micro controller pavihari
This document outlines the syllabus for the course EE6008 Microcontroller Based System Design. It covers 5 units:
1. Introduction to PIC microcontrollers including architecture of PIC16C6x and PIC16C7x families.
2. Interrupts and timers in PIC microcontrollers including external interrupts, timer programming.
3. Peripherals and interfacing including I2C, serial EEPROM, ADC, UART, LCD interfacing.
4. Introduction to ARM processor architecture including programmer's model, development tools, memory hierarchy.
5. ARM organization including pipeline organization, instruction execution, instruction set, coprocessor interface.
This document outlines the syllabus for the course EE6008 Microcontroller Based System Design. It covers 5 units:
1. Introduction to PIC microcontrollers including architecture of PIC16C6x and PIC16C7x families.
2. Interrupts and timers in PIC microcontrollers including external interrupts, timer programming.
3. Peripherals and interfacing including I2C, serial EEPROM, ADC, UART, LCD interfacing.
4. Introduction to ARM processor architecture including programmer's model, development tools, memory hierarchy.
5. ARM organization including pipeline, instruction set, coprocessor interface, embedded applications.
The
This document provides an overview of Python programming concepts across 5 units. Unit 1 introduces Python installation, data types, variables, expressions, statements and functions. It covers integers, floats, Booleans, strings, lists and the basics of writing Python code. Unit 2 discusses control flow statements like conditionals and loops. Unit 3 covers functions, strings, arrays and lists in more detail. Unit 4 focuses on lists, tuples, dictionaries and their methods. Unit 5 discusses files, exceptions, modules and packages in Python.
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1. Python
Power systems analysis in PSS®E using
In the Name of God
Isfahan University of Technology
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programming language
1
2. Python?
• Name of a kind of snakes
• Developed By Guido van Rossum at CWI in the early 1990s in the Netherlands
Download it from http://www.python.org
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3. Why Python?
Simple
Easy to Learn
Free and Open Source
High-level language
Portable
Interpreted
Object Oriented
extensible
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4. How to programming Python?
Some Python interpreters:
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5. Getting started with Python
1- Command line mode
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6. Getting started with Python
2- Script mode
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7. Getting started with Python
3-Python syntax colors
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8. Getting started with Python
4- Blocks of Code
Note: Dots indicates blank spaces before the code !!
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..two spaces means this is part of block 1
..two spaces means this is still a part of block 1
....four spaces means we just started block number 2
....four spaces means we are still in block number 2
........eight spaces means we started block number 3
....four spaces means we want this code to be grouped with block 2
........eight spaces for block 3
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9. Getting started with Python
5- Operators
The most common operators are:
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10. Getting started with Python
6- Using Python as a Calculator
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11. Getting started with Python
7- Strings
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12. Getting started with Python
7- Strings
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13. Getting started with Python
8- Variables
You can name a variable almost anything and use symbols like the _underscore !
But don’t use these words:
Note: No need to define variable Types! The first assignment to a variable creates it.
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14. Getting started with Python
9- Logical operators and Boolean data types
The words “and, or,” and “not” are logical operators.
A simple condition:
A compound condition:
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15. Getting started with Python
10- Sequence types
Tuple
A simple immutable ordered sequence of items
Items can be of mixed types, including collection types
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16. Getting started with Python
10- Sequence types
Dictionary
Mutable
key-value pair
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17. Getting started with Python
10- Sequence types
List
Mutable ordered sequence of items of mixed types
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18. Getting started with Python
11- Copy a variable
• For simple variables:
# b is a copy of the old value!!
• But mutable variables are always equal to each other!!
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19. Getting started with Python
12- Conditional statements
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20. Getting started with Python
13- Loop statements
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21. Getting started with Python
14- Define a Function
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22. Getting started with Python
15- Class
• A class is a User-Defined variable
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23. Getting started with Python
16- Module
• Modules are imported from other scripts using the import command
• As an example:
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24. Getting started with Python
17- Work with files
Note: Read function didn’t skip the blank character!!
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25. Getting started with Python
18- Input Data:
There are some simple ways to request data from user:
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26. Getting started with Python
19- Try and except:
You can try to do something in your script and make an exception for the time that
Python can’t run your code!!
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27. Getting started with Python
20- Help
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28. Getting started with Python
Simple examples
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29. Getting started with Python
Simple examples
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30. Getting started with Python
Simple examples
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31. Getting started with Python
Simple examples
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32. Getting started with Python
Simple examples
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33. Getting started with Python
Simple examples
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34. Getting started with Python
Simple examples
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36. Program Automation?
Provides the mechanism to control PSS/E other than by direct interaction!
• PSS/E Automation file languages:
• Response files
• IPLAN commands
• Fortran call statements
• Python commands
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37. Program Automation?
• Response files
• Often referred to as “idv” files or “Batch” commands!
• A set of instructions and inputs emulating the program manual operation
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38. Program Automation?
• IPLAN commands
• A simple programming language designed for PSS/E
• Has limited capabilities compared to modern programming languages!
• Described in the IPLAN manual:
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39. Program Automation?
• Fortran call statements
• A well-documented language
• But we don’t use it here!!
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40. Program Automation?
• Some important modules:
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41. Python & PSS/E
• ways of connecting:
1.The Embedded Interpreter Environment
• Allows PSS/E to execute Python files and commands.
• Run Program Automation File in PSS/E
2.The External Interpreter Environment
• Python programs access PSS/E functions without running GUI
• Faster and better Way
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42. Python & PSS/E
1.The Embedded Interpreter Environment
Select the Python file type and specify the file name
Execute operations through the PSS/E GUI
click the Stop Recording button
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43. Python & PSS/E
2.The External Interpreter Environment
Code that is suggested in the PSS/E manual to get an External Interpreter
Environment:
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44. Python & PSS/E
Functions
Most of useful functions are in psspy module. For example:
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45. Python & PSS/E
Functions
Most of useful functions are in psspy module. For example:
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46. Python & PSS/E
Functions
Most of useful functions are in psspy module. For example:
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47. Python & PSS/E
Functions
How can I find them?
1-The API file
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48. Python & PSS/E
Functions
How can I find them?
2-The record mode
I. Click the Start Recording button
II. Select the Python file type and specify the file name
III. Execute operations through the PSS/E GUI
IV. click the Stop Recording button
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49. Python & PSS/E
Functions
How can I use them?
1-Option mode
2-Array mode
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psspy.fnsl(
options1=0, # disable tap stepping adjustment.
options5=0, # disable switched shunt adjustment.
)
psspy.fnsl([0,_i,_i,_i,0,_i,_i,_i])
50. Python & PSS/E
Important functions
Power Flow Operation (API-Chapter 1)
Describes the API routines corresponding to the operational functions of the PSS®E Power Flow and
Fault Analysis.
Example:
fnsl (Newton-Raphson power flow function)
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51. Python & PSS/E
Important functions
Power Flow Data Changing (API-Chapter 2)
Describes the API routines used to add or modify power flow data.
Example:
branch_data (Modify the data of an existing non-transformer branch in the working case or to add
a new non-transformer branch to the working case)
If you want to change the reactance of the branch from bus 456 to bus 459 circuit 1 to 0.025 pu:
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ierr = psspy.branch_data(456,459,"1",[_i,_i,_i,_i,_i,_i], [_f,0.025,_f,_f,_f,_f,_f,_f,_f,_f,_f,_f,_f,_f,_f])
Equal to:
ierr = psspy.branch_data(456,459,"1", realar2 = 0.025)
52. Python & PSS/E
Important functions
Single Element Data Retrieval (API-Chapter 7)
Defines API routines that are used to retrieve data for a single element (e.g., bus,
branch, area, etc.) from the PSS®E engine and test on various program states.
Example:
busdat (Use this API to return real bus values)
If you want to retrieve the pu voltage at the bus 1:
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busNumber = 1
paramStr = 'PU'
ierr, Vpu = psspy.busdat(busNumber, paramStr)
53. Python & PSS/E
Important functions
Remove Elements From a Power Flow Case (API-Chapter 1)
Example:
purg(delete specified outaged equipment items from the working case (activity PURG).)
purgbrn(delete the specified non-transformer branch or two-winding transformer from the
working case (activity PURG).)
If you want to remove the line from bus 201 to bus 202 circuit "1“:
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fromBus = 201
toBus = 202
ckt = '1'
ierr = psspy.purgbrn(fromBus, toBus, ckt)
54. Python & PSS/E
Silencing PSS/E Output
• PSS/E prints a voluminous amount of information to the command line when you are running a program
• silence is a function that turn off this outputs and save logs in a file
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55. Python & PSS/E
Simple example
• Optimum placement of a fixed capacitor (100 MVAR) on feeders of “savnw” grid
• Scaling loads (5%) with fixed power factor for making disturbance in network and save case file as “savnw1”
• Log will save in a “psse_logfile.log” and report output is a file named “report.txt”
• Before allocating capacitor, total losses were as below:
69.04 MW & 1267.50 MVAR
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56. Python & PSS/E
Simple example (Code)
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57. Python & PSS/E
Simple example (Results)
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70
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90
MW Losses
MW
58. Python & PSS/E
Simple example (Results)
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200
400
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1000
1200
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MVAR Losses
MVAR