EKONOMI POLITIK KEBIJAKAN

1. Pembangunan Ekonomi Dunia
Evaluasi
Pembangunan Dunia

2. PERKEMBANGAN PENDEKATAN PEMBANGUNAN EKONOMI
DECADE MAIN APPROACHES
1950s MODERNIZATION THEORIES, FOLLOWING EUROPEAN MODELS
STRUCTURALIST MODEL
1960s MODERNIZATION THEORIES, dependency theories: Southern countries
poor because of exploitation by Nothern countries
1970s DEPENDENCY THEORIES, basic need approaches, government should
provides the basic needs of the poorest people
1980s NEO LIBERAL, focus on Market, lower level involvement of government in
economics activities
GRASS ROOT APPROACHES, considerning local context
SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT, need to ballance needs of current generation
against environtmental, future generations
GENDER MAINSTREAMING,

3. MAIN APPROACHES TO DEVELOPMENT
DECADE MAIN APPROACHES
1990s NEO LIBERAL MODELS,
POST DEVELOPMENT, ideas about development represent colinilaism and
Eurocentrism
SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT
CULTURE AND DEVELOPMENT, awarenes of how diferent social and cultural
group afected by development
2000s NEO LIBERALISM, increased engangement with concept of globelization
SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT
POST DEVELOPMENT
GRASS ROOT APPROACHES

4. International Development Goals:
Attacking Poverty
The World Bank Report 2000
• Reduce the proportion of people living in extreme poverty by
half between 1990-2015
• Enroll all children in primary school by 2015
• Make Progress towards gender equality and empowering
women..
• Reduce infant and child mortality
• Reduce maternal mortality ratio
• Provide access for all who need reproductive health service by
2015
• Implement national strategies for sustainable development
MDGs (Millenium Development Goals)

5. ACTORS IN SOCIAL. ECONOMY AND POLITICS
1) INDIVIDUAL, youth, students, artists,
2) HOUSEHOLD, COMMUNITY, peasant,
3) GOVERNMENT, POLITICAL PARTIES
4) NON –GOVERNMENT ORGANIZATION
5) PRIVATE COMPANIES, government owned companies
6) MULTILATERAL ORGANIZATION,
7) CULTURAL GROUPS, urban society, rural society
8) ACADEMICS, EDUCATIONS; UNIVERSITY
9) Cultural and relegious leaders
10) Mass media, bureaucracy, professionals, investors,
commuters, workers,

6. Contoh Struktur Ekonomi Politik (fisik -
alamiah)
• Kondisi alam terisolir, sulit dijangkau
• SDM dan budaya kerja rendah
• Jumlah penduduk miskin besar
• Infrastruktur minim
• Makanan, tempat tinggal apa adanya
• Rentan penyakit
• JENIS KEMISKINAN:
– ALAMIAH, KULTURAL DAN STRUKTURAL JADI
SATU

7. Lokasi, demografi, populasi, tradisi

8. KULTUR POLITIK DAN KULTUR EKONOMI
• Keyakinan dan pandangan masyarakat tentang kekuasaan,
negara dan posisi pemimpin mereka.
• Pola hubungan masyarakat dengan negara dan proses
politik. Bagaimana sebaiknya pemimpin memberikan dan
menggunakan kekuasaan
• Habbit dalam memilih dan mereaksi kondisi
politik.Konsekuensi apa yang terjadi atas sesuatu kegiatan
politik.
• Pandangan mesyarakat tentang baik dan buruk, apa yang
seharusnya dan apa yang tidak seharusnya dalam
pencapaian tujuan bersama
• Pandangan masyarakat terhadap sumber sumber
kekuasaan dan siapa yang disebut pemimpin.

9. THEORIES OF DEVELOPMENT
KATIE WILIS
• CLASSICAL AND NEO LIBERAL DEVELOPMENT
THEORIES
• STRUCTURALISM DEVELOPMENT THEORY
• NEO MARXISM AND SOCIALISM THEORY
• GRASS ROOT DEVELOPMENT

10. Pemimpin, berbagai strategi pembangunan
ekonomi

11. • KLUSTER 1
• BANTUAN DAN
PERLINDUNGAN
SOSIAL RUMAH
TANGGA MISKIN
KLUSTER 3.
• KREDIT USAHA
RAKYAT (KUR)
• MELALUI 7 BANK
NASIONAL
• KLUSTER 2
• PROGRAM
NASIONAL
PEMBERDAYAAN
MASYARAKAT
(PNPM)
KLUSTER 4.
RUMAH MURAH
KENDARAAN MURAH
AIR MINUM
LISTRIK MURAH
Political Ideology and Development
PROGRAM
PRO RAKYAT
4 KLUSTER