Detail about Zoroastrianism religion its origin, Philosophy ,belief and key practices and about People of this religion and their contribution in development of india.
The festival of Durga Puja is celebrated with religious observance in the Indian states. Hindu Goddess Durga is portrayed as having ten arms and believed to have nine different forms. Each form symbolizes a religious significance. On one hand, where we get to see her in the form of a gracious woman, who symbolizes the female dynamism, then on the other hand, she is given a terrifying look of a destroyer that is apt to frighten the demons.
Here is the 9 different forms of Godess Durga …
The festival of Durga Puja is celebrated with religious observance in the Indian states. Hindu Goddess Durga is portrayed as having ten arms and believed to have nine different forms. Each form symbolizes a religious significance. On one hand, where we get to see her in the form of a gracious woman, who symbolizes the female dynamism, then on the other hand, she is given a terrifying look of a destroyer that is apt to frighten the demons.
Here is the 9 different forms of Godess Durga …
Zoroaster.com - The religion of Ahura Mazda is revealed by Zarathushtra (Zoroaster). Get information about Zarathushtra, his teachings, and the Faravahar symbol from www.zoroaster.com.
Ang relihiyon ang nagsisilbing huwaran o gabay ng mga pagpapahalagang Asyano.
Ito ay isang organisadong sistemang pananampalataya, pamimitagan, paggalang, kaugalian, at pananalig na nakasentro sa isa o higit pang kinikilalang diyos.
Ang Hinduism ang pinakamatandang relihiyon sa daigdig at ang pangunahing relihiyon sa India.
Ang Buddhism ay nagsimula kay Prinsipe Siddharta Gautama. Siya ang tinawag na “The Enlightened One.”
Ang Islam ay itinatag ni Muhammed sa Medina. Ang Qu’ran ang banal na aklat ng mga Muslim. Ito rin ang nagsisilbing gabay ng mga Muslimsa kanilang pangaraw-araw na buhay.
Ang Kristiyanismo ang pinakamalaking relihiyon sa buong daigdig na may 1.9 bilyong tagasunod. Ang relihiyong it ay nababatay sa buhay at panagaral ni Hesukristo.
Ang relihiyong Judaism ang unang nangaral ng pagkakaroon ng iisang Diyos. Sila ay naniniwala na ang Diyos ay gumawa ng isang kaban ng tipan kay Abraham.
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Exploring the Mindfulness Understanding Its Benefits.pptxMartaLoveguard
Slide 1: Title: Exploring the Mindfulness: Understanding Its Benefits
Slide 2: Introduction to Mindfulness
Mindfulness, defined as the conscious, non-judgmental observation of the present moment, has deep roots in Buddhist meditation practice but has gained significant popularity in the Western world in recent years. In today's society, filled with distractions and constant stimuli, mindfulness offers a valuable tool for regaining inner peace and reconnecting with our true selves. By cultivating mindfulness, we can develop a heightened awareness of our thoughts, feelings, and surroundings, leading to a greater sense of clarity and presence in our daily lives.
Slide 3: Benefits of Mindfulness for Mental Well-being
Practicing mindfulness can help reduce stress and anxiety levels, improving overall quality of life.
Mindfulness increases awareness of our emotions and teaches us to manage them better, leading to improved mood.
Regular mindfulness practice can improve our ability to concentrate and focus our attention on the present moment.
Slide 4: Benefits of Mindfulness for Physical Health
Research has shown that practicing mindfulness can contribute to lowering blood pressure, which is beneficial for heart health.
Regular meditation and mindfulness practice can strengthen the immune system, aiding the body in fighting infections.
Mindfulness may help reduce the risk of chronic diseases such as type 2 diabetes and obesity by reducing stress and improving overall lifestyle habits.
Slide 5: Impact of Mindfulness on Relationships
Mindfulness can help us better understand others and improve communication, leading to healthier relationships.
By focusing on the present moment and being fully attentive, mindfulness helps build stronger and more authentic connections with others.
Mindfulness teaches us how to be present for others in difficult times, leading to increased compassion and understanding.
Slide 6: Mindfulness Techniques and Practices
Focusing on the breath and mindful breathing can be a simple way to enter a state of mindfulness.
Body scan meditation involves focusing on different parts of the body, paying attention to any sensations and feelings.
Practicing mindful walking and eating involves consciously focusing on each step or bite, with full attention to sensory experiences.
Slide 7: Incorporating Mindfulness into Daily Life
You can practice mindfulness in everyday activities such as washing dishes or taking a walk in the park.
Adding mindfulness practice to daily routines can help increase awareness and presence.
Mindfulness helps us become more aware of our needs and better manage our time, leading to balance and harmony in life.
Slide 8: Summary: Embracing Mindfulness for Full Living
Mindfulness can bring numerous benefits for physical and mental health.
Regular mindfulness practice can help achieve a fuller and more satisfying life.
Mindfulness has the power to change our perspective and way of perceiving the world, leading to deeper se
In Jude 17-23 Jude shifts from piling up examples of false teachers from the Old Testament to a series of practical exhortations that flow from apostolic instruction. He preserves for us what may well have been part of the apostolic catechism for the first generation of Christ-followers. In these instructions Jude exhorts the believer to deal with 3 different groups of people: scoffers who are "devoid of the Spirit", believers who have come under the influence of scoffers and believers who are so entrenched in false teaching that they need rescue and pose some real spiritual risk for the rescuer. In all of this Jude emphasizes Jesus' call to rescue straying sheep, leaving the 99 safely behind and pursuing the 1.
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The Book of Joshua is the sixth book in the Hebrew Bible and the Old Testament, and is the first book of the Deuteronomistic history, the story of Israel from the conquest of Canaan to the Babylonian exile.
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For the Video with audio narration, comments and texts in English, please check out the Link:
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3. OriginsOrigins
Began in Northern Iran,(Now Azerbaijan)
Founded in 600 B.C by Persian prophet Zoroaster
(Zarathushtra),Practiced mostly in Iran
4. FounderFounder
Zarathushtra
Religious reformer and founder
Lived in Azerbaijan
Also Known as a Zoroaster
Spent life teaching and preaching
He is a messenger from the one
God to his people
First monotheistic religion
5. Zoroastrianism at Its Peak….Zoroastrianism at Its Peak….
The Achaemenian Empire (700-330 BC),Largest empire (3.0
million sq. miles-480 BC).
State Religion – Zoroastrian Cyrus rule (550-529 BC)
It extended,
West-Macedonia (now Greece) ,East -Indus River (India)
North-Caucuses Mountains (Russia),South-Egypt
6. Key BeliefsKey Beliefs
Belief in Ahura Mazda as the highest and
supreme Lord of the universe.
(duality of existence)
Ahura Mazda (Pure goodness)
Zoroastrians believe in a single God.
Ahura means "Lord” and Mazda means
"Wisdom”
Battles to rid world of evil and darkness
Angra Mainyu (Pure evilness)
Rival of Ahura Mazda
Evil spirit of death and violence
7. Key BeliefsKey Beliefs Cont’dCont’d
Belief in the duality of existence. There are two
deities: Ahura Mazda & Angra Mainya
Belief in an ongoing conflict between God and evil
in which God will ultimately destroy evil.
Goodness is more powerful and prevalent but
cannot abolish evilness
8. Key BeliefsKey Beliefs Cont’dCont’d
Belief in the existence of six Immortal Beings
(Amesha Spentas) and many divinities who are
part of God's force.
-Messengers/connection between God and man
-Help God and man fight Angra Mainyu for
peace and justice
Belief in the Prophet Zoroaster and His
teachings.
9. Key BeliefsKey Beliefs Cont’dCont’d
Belief in the sanctity of fire as a symbol of God
in the material plane.
Belief in the divinity of creation of God in the
spiritual and material planes.
Belief in the spiritual nature of the world and
human(God created the spiritual entities).
10. Key BeliefsKey Beliefs Cont’dCont’d
Belief in Heaven and Hell and Divine justice.
Belief in the tradition of future prophets- next
prophet will be a future son of Zoroaster, whose
name would be Shoshyant, who would herald
the Judgment Day and the eventual
destruction of evil powers in the material world.
Belief in the ending of the world in a violent
conflagration
11. Key BeliefsKey Beliefs Cont’dCont’d
Belif in After Life
3 days after death - Soul remains at the head of
its former body- Soul journey toward Chinawad
bridge-Sharp edge which stands like a sword
on bridge- Hell is below the bridge.
12. After Life
Where an angel would assess its actions and
decide whether it should go to the heaven or
hell for a temporary residence till the Last
Judgment Day.
If soul is righteous, the sword presents its
broad side.
If soul is wicked, that sword continues to
stand edgewise, and does not give passage.
If debits and credits cancel each other out,
the soul is placed in Hammistagan ("region of
the mixed").
13. Key BeliefsKey Beliefs Cont’dCont’d
Belief in the sanctity of the elements- Fire,
water, earth and air should be kept pure by not
allowing the evil entities to pollute them. The
dead bodies should neither be cremated, nor
thrown into water, nor buried in the earth.
14. Key Figures Cont’dKey Figures Cont’d
Belief in the efficacy of sacred chants.
Zoroastrians believe in the ritual chanting as
the means to establish order and purity in the
world and in the lives of the worshippers
Belief in the Judgment day- Belief in the
resurrection of the dead and last judgment day.
At the end of current cycle of 3000 years, God
will destroy the evil forces in a final
conflagration and herald the Judgment Day
15. Religious Literature (HolyReligious Literature (Holy
Avesta)Avesta)
“AVESTA” is the Parsis HOLY BOOK.
Originally contained 21 books but
today it contains only:
(a) “YASANA” (Book of sacrifice – 17
Gathas are part of it).
(b) “YASTS” (Hymn like praises).
(c) “VENDIDAD” (Law & Code of
Purification).
(d) “VISPERAD” (Collection of prayers
& Liturgical texts)
16. The Gathas ..
The original teachings of Zoroaster are
contained in the Gathas, which are a part
of the Avesta, the Zoroastrian Holy
Scriptures.
17. Key CeremoniesKey Ceremonies
Jashan Ceremony
Thanks giving ceremony reenacts moment of
creation (world in harmony)
Nirang-din Ceremony
Creates the Holy Nirang
Nirang is foundation of other
sacred rituals
Good in the world increases
and evil decreases
18. Key Ceremonies Cont’d
Yasna Ceremony
Haoma (sacred liquor), milk, bread, meat,
animal fat offered to Ahura Mazda
Ritual purification (Priests recite the Avesta
the sacred writing)
Naujote or Initiation ceremony
This is prescribed for both boys and girls
when they are are inducted into the religion.
Parsis initiated at age 7 in India, age 10
in Persia
Receive Sadre and Kusti
19. Key RitualsKey Rituals
Purification Ritual
Keeps mind, body and environment pure to defeat
evil
3 types of purification:
- Padyab (ablution)- a ritual washing of the
exposed parts of the body.
- Nahn (bath)
- Bareshnum -ritual which lasts nine nights.
(dog’s left ear is touched by the followers, dog's
gaze casts evil spirits away)
20. Symbol - FireSymbol - Fire
Most important symbol
Places of worship called Fire Temples
Represents the divine
Three types of fires:
- Royal fire in only four temples
- Adaran fire in most temples
- Dadgah fire in the home
21. Symbol - Fire
Large significance in Zoroastrianism as it is the
provider of heat, light and growth.
A fire burns in Zoroastrian temples, 24 hours a
day, 365 days a year.
Pray at a Fire Temple and believe fire is the
symbol of God, but they never pray to fire.
22. Symbol - FaravaharSymbol - Faravahar
2nd
most common symbol
Ancient theory:
- Represents the King's Authority in terms of its
divine origins.
Today:
- Symbol of the Zoroastrian faith, divine guardians
who are believed to accompany every human being
and keep the world in order and motion and
reminds people of purpose in life.
23.
24. Key Practices Cont’dCont’d
Practice of three commandments.
(Every Parsi promises himself)
To think - GOOD THOUGHTS.
To do - GOOD DEEDS.
To Speak - GOOD WORDS.
Practice of moderation and balance. There is no
place for ascetic practices in Zoroastrianism.
People are advised to lead ethical, balanced and
harmonious lives.
25. Key Practices Cont’dCont’d
Disposal of the dead
Neither cremate nor bury their dead. Bodies of
the dead given back to nature .
They place the dead in open round structures
called Dakhmas (Tower of silence)
Bodies to be consumed by vultures and other
flesh eating birds and animals
The corpses are exposed there naked
Rich and poor died in same manner
All people equal in the eyes of God
26. The interior of the Tower of Silence has three
concentric circles (for Man,Woman & children)
Vultures -strip the flesh off the bones, which are
then dried by the sun, and are later swept into
the central well.
The Tower of Silence
29. Key Practices Cont’d
Kusti and Sudre. Every follower should
wear kusti a sacred thread and sudreh a
white garment
30. Symbol –Symbol – Symbolic GarmentsSymbolic Garments
Two types are worn:
Sudre (the armor of God)
- white cotton garment
- worn at all times except when
bathing
Kusti (the swordbelt of faith)
- 72 threads composed of lamb's
wool
- made by priest's wife and blessed
31. Timeline
1600 B.C.: Zarathushtra was born (Between
1600-600 BC)
1000 B.C.: Aryans arrive in Iran from central
Asia
600 B.C.: Zoroastrianism spreads in Iran
32. Timeline Cont’d
640 C.E - The Arab Invasion
651 C.E. – Group of staunch Zarathushtis left
Khorasan for Kuhestān
751 C.E. – Left Kuhestān for Hormuz
766 C.E. – Left Hormuz for Diu (Gujarat)
785 C.E. – Left Diu for Sanjān – (Near Surat-
Gujarat- story of asylum )
33. Timeline Cont’d
936 C.E. : Zoroastrians immigrated to Gujarat
in India
1381 C.E. :Mongol Ruler Timur Lenk invaded
Iran killing thousands of Zoroastrians
1719 C.E. : Afghan invaders massacre
thousands of Zoroastrians in Kerman
1878 C.E. :The first fire Temple is built in
America
34. Timeline Cont’d
1882 C.E.: Jaziye (a kind of tax for non-
Muslims) is abolished in Iran
1960 C.E.: First World Zoroastrian Congress
held in Tehran
1979 C.E.: Religious freedom granted to
Zoroastrians
1990 C.E. : The Zarathushtrian Assembly is
established in the United States
36. Condition for Asylum
1. Explain your religion and customs
2. Renounce your native language and take up
the local language
3. Women shall wear the local dress
4. Lay down your swords and arms
5. Marriages shall take place at night
Priest NERYO SANGH accepted all conditions
by putting SUGAR IN MILK POT
37. Asylum Granted
Jadi Rana granted asylum and gave
them a parcel of land
Named the land Sanjān after the
homeland from where they came
790 C.E. – Consecrated an Atash
Behram fire in Sanjān, in fulfillment of
their vow
Came to be known as “Parsis”-Persia
38. Influence in the 21st
Century
Contributed to major Western religions
- Christianity
- Judaism
- Islam
-Hinduism
Important concepts
- Redemption, final judgment, life after
death, Satan as God's enemy,
resurrection, souls, heaven and hell
39. Zoroastrian Temple of Yazd,
Iran.
Ancient Zoroastrian Temple in Azerbaijan
Some Temples….
40. Zorastrian temple of Chak Chak, near Yazd
Zoroastrian temple of Pir-e-Naraki,
near Yazd Before the Arabs invaded Iran there were many
fire temples in Esfahan. The Arabs
destroyed them all except for this one.
41. Parsee Sects….
In 1730 on a Controversy of New Year’s Festival
Indian Parsees separated themselves into:
SHEHEN SHAHIS – 93% of Parsees (New Year - Sept)
KADMIS – 7% of Parsees (New Year - Aug)
FASLIS – 21 Mar New Year.
43. World population of Zoroastrians is
120,000
- 70,000 in India
- 17,000 in Iran
- 13,000 in North America
- 20,000 in Other country
Demographic
44. Demographic Profile Of Parsis in India
Total population in India only 69,601 (2001)
Total Pecentage of Indian population 0.007%
All India Growth rate 21.34%. But Parsis recorded
negative decline of - 8.88%
Religious minority community are:
Muslims
Christians
Sikhs
Buddhists
Parsis (without any population
weightage)
Sex ratio: For 1050 F/ 1000 M
30.9% population in 65+ category, a disturbing
feature (Indian 8%).
46. Call for the Parsi Community….
The Dwindling numbers.
The main causes are:
Late marriages.
No marriages.
Fewer children.
Exogamy if married
outside the religion.
48. Parsis leave an honest impression of dedicated
& sincere in their chosen profession.
They work mirthfully & give their best.
Parsis are the best Social Worker and
Entrepreneur
They are in all chosen profession:
Doctors, Bureaucrats, Scientist, Politics
Bankers , Lawyers, Acting, Modeling
Teachers , Chartered Accountant
Journalists , Scholars, Arm forces
Musicians, Writers , Sportsman
Professionally..
49. Parsis & The Raj
Sir Jamshedjee Jeejeebhoy
Dadabhai Naroji
Sir Pherozeshah Mehta
Loard Karan F Bilimoria
Shapurji D Saklatvala
Madam Bhikhaiji Cama
50. Parsis in the Armed Forces
4 Parsis became Chief of their own services:
– Field Marshal Sam Manekshaw MC of the
Army (1932-1972)
– Air Marshal Aspy Engineer of the then Royal
Indian Air Force (1964)
– Air Chief Marshal Fali Homi Major (2007 –
2009)
– Admiral Jal Cursetji PVSM, AVSM of the
Navy (1937-1979)
– Lt. Col Adi B. Tarapori – Param Veer Chakra
(1965)
51. Contribution of Parsi
community in development of
India is far out of proportion to
their strength..
Some well known Parsis….Some well known Parsis….