This document summarizes the concept of God in major world religions, including Hinduism, Zoroastrianism, Judaism, Christianity, and Islam. It analyzes the concept of God as described in religious scriptures and traditions of each faith. The key concepts discussed include monotheism in Zoroastrianism, Judaism, and Islam; the oneness of God emphasized in Hindu scriptures like the Upanishads and Vedas despite common polytheistic practices; and the Islamic rejection of the Christian doctrine of Trinity. Overall, the document provides a concise overview of the concept of divinity across the major religious traditions.

1. CON C E P T OF GOD I N
MA JOR R E L I G ION S
b y D r . Z k i r A b d u l K a r i m N a i k

2. I n T h e N ame Of A l l a h , T h e
Mo s t Me r c i f u l T h e Mo s t
B e n e f i c e n t

3. GROUP MEMBERS
• Sameer Ahmed 13-ME-411
• Arslan Rahat 13-ME-419
• Sajid Hussain 13-ME-416
• Muhammad Kabeer 13-ME-422
• Ahsan Mahmood 13-ME-424

4. CAT EGORI SAT ION OF MAJOR WOR LD
R E L IGIONS

5. • Religions of the world can be divided into major
categories:
• a) Semitic Religions
• b) Non semitic Religions

6. S EMI T I C R E L IGIONS
• The religions that originated among Semites are
known as Semitic religions.
• According to the Bible, Prophet Noah (PBUH) had a
son called Shem. The descendents of Shem are known
as Semites.
• Prophetic religions.
• Major Semitic religions are Judaism, Christianity and
Islam.

7. NON S EMI T I C R E L IGIONS
• The non-Semitic religions are further subdivided into
two major categories:
• a) Aryan Religions
• b) Non- Aryan Religions

8. A R YAN R E L IGIONS
• Aryan religions are the religions that originated among the Aryans.
• Aryans was a powerful group of Indo-European speaking people that
spread through Iran and Northern India from 1500 to 2000 BC.
• Hinduism or Brahminism, Sikhism, Buddhism, etc.
• Non-Prophetic religions.
• Zoroastrianism is an Aryan Religion that claims to be a prophetic
religion.

9. NON ARYAN R E L IGIONS
• The non-Aryan religions have diverse origins.
• Confucianism and Taoism are of Chinese origin while
Shintoism is of Japanese origin.
• Many of these non-Aryan religions do not have a
concept of God.
• They are better referred to as ethical systems rather
than as religions.

10. CONC E P T OF GOD
IN HINDUI SM

11. • The most popular among the Aryan religions is Hinduism.
• Hindu is actually a Persian word which stands for the
inhabitants of the region beyond the Indus Valley.
• In common language Hinduism is a comprehensive term
for a variety of religious beliefs, most of whom are based
on the Vedas, the Upanishads and the Bhagwad Geeta.

12. COMMON CONC E P T
• Hinduism is commonly perceived as a polytheistic religion.
Indeed, most Hindus would attest to this, by claiming in a
multitude of Gods.
• Some Hindus believe in the system of three God while Some
Hindus actually believe in the existence of thirty-three crore i.e.
330 million Gods.
• Learned Hindus who are well aware of their scriptures ( sacred
books) insist that a Hindu should believe in and worship only one
God.

13. PANTHE I SM
• Pantheism considers everything, living and non-living to be
divine and sacred. The Hindus therefore consider the trees,
the sun, the moon, the animals and even the human beings
as manifestations of God. For the common Hindu,
everything is God.
• The major difference between the Hindu and the Muslim
perception of God is the common Hindus belief in the
philosophy of Pantheism.

14. • Islam, exhorts man to consider himself and his
surroundings as examples of divine creation rather than as
divinity itself.
• Muslims therefore believe that everything is God's i.e. God
with an apostrophe s. In other words we believe that
everything belongs to God. The trees, the Sun , the Moon
and everything in this (Universe belong to God).

15. • Thus the major difference between the Hindu and the Muslim
beliefs is difference of the apostrophe s. The Hindus says
everything is God. The Muslim says everything is God's.
• The Holy Quran says :
• "Come to common terms as between us and you.The first
common term is that we worship none but Allah".
• The first common term is "that we worship none but Allah".

16. UPANI SHADS
• The upanishads are considered sacred scriptures by the Hindus.
Consider the following verses from the Upanishads :
• "He is One only without a second" [Chandogya Upanishad 6:2:1]
• "Of Him there are neither parents nor Lord". [Svetasavatara
Upanishad 6,9] [ part II page 263.]
• Compare the above verses with the following verses of the Holy
Quran
• And there is none like unto Him. [Holy Quran , 112:4]
• There is nothing whatever like unto Him.[Holy Quran ,42:11]

17. THE VEDAS
• Vedas are considered the most sacred amongst all the
Hindu scriptures. There are 4 main vedas.
• 1. YajurVed
• i) Consider the following verses from the Yajur ved :
• as He is unborn, He deserves our worship. [The
Yajurveda by Devi Chand M. A. pg 377]

18. RIG- VEDA
• ) The oldest of all the vedas is Rig veda. It is also the one considered most sacred by
the Hindus. The Rig Veda states that "Sages (learned Priests) call one God by many
names".[Rigveda 1:164:46)]
• ii) The Rigveda gives no less than 33 different attributes to Almighty God, Many of
these are mentioned in Rigveda Book 2
• Amongst the various attributes given in Rigveda, one of the beautiful attributes!
Mentioned in Rigveda Subh II verse 3 for Almighty God is Brahma. Brahma means
The Creator. Translated into Arabic this word it means Khaliq. Muslims can have no
objection if Almighty God is referred to as Khaliq or Creator or Brahma. However
Muslims definitely do not subscribe to the view that Brahma is Almighty God who
has four heads (nauzubillah), Muslims are strongly against it. Again, Muslims can
have no objection if Almighty God is referred to as Rabb or Sustainer or Vishnu.

19. BHAGWAD GE E TA
• The most popular among all the Hindu scriptures is the Bhagwad
Geeta. Consider the following verse from the Geeta :
• Those whose intelligence has been stolen by material desires
surrender unto demigods and follow the particular rules and
regulations of worship according to their own natures.
• [Bhagwad Geeta chapter 7 verse 20 (B.G. 7:20)]
• The Geeta is referring to people who are materialistic and therefore
worship demigods i.e. besides the True God.

20. CONC LUS ION
• The concept of God adopted by a religion cannot be
judged by merely observing the practice of its followers.
• It is quite common for the followers of many religions to
be ignorant of the concept of God in their scriptures.
• It is therefore better to analyse the concept of God in any
religion by referring to its holy scriptures.

21. The concept of oneness
of God in
Zoroastrianism

22. History
• Zoroastrianism is an ancient Aryan religion.
• It has few followers.
• It is one of the oldest religions.

23. Founder
• The Iranian prophet zoroaster was the founder of
zoroastrianism.
• It is commonly known as parsiism.

24. God according to zoroastrians
• They believe that there is one universal supreme God.
• They call God Ahura mazda.
• Ahura means the god or the lord.
• And mazda means the wise.

25. Vision of zoroaster
• Zoroaster went into a diatri river.
• He received a vision of vohu monah.
• After meeting voha monah, he believed one worship of God.

26. Sacred Books
• The sacred books of the parsis icludes the Dasatir and Avesta.

27. According to Dasatir
• He is one.
• Nothing resembles him.
• He is without origin or end.
• He has no mother, father, wife or son.
• He is without body.
• Neither the eyecan behold him, nor the power of thinking can
conceive him.
• He is above all that you can imagine of.
• He is nearer to you than your ownself.

28. According to Avesta
• Creator
• Most mighty, The greatest.
• Beneficient, Hudai.
• Bountiful, Spenta

29. Importance of water and fire
• Water and fire are life for them.
• They usually pray in the presense of some form of fire.
• Fire is consider as medium to get wisdom.
• Water is consider source of that wisdom.

30. Contradiction with Islam
• The concept of active participation of life throuh good deeds
and to keep choas at bay.
• The concept of monoasticism.
• But in Islam, there are few rules and regulation.

31. QuranicVerses
• یَدْعُوۡا لَمَنۡ ضَرُّ ہٗۤ اَقْرَبُ مِنۡ نَّفْعِہٖ لَبِئْسَ الْمَوْلٰی وَ لَبِئْسَ الْعَشِیۡرُ
﴾۱۳﴿
• ایسے کو پوجتے ہیں جس کے نفع سے )ف ۳۶ ( نقصان کی
توقع زیادہ ہے )ف ۳۷ ( بیشک )ف ۳۸ ( کیا ہی برا مولٰی اور
بیشک کیا ہی برا رفیق
They worship such that whose harm is more expected than •
his benefit. No doubt, what an evil patron and no doubt what
an evil comrade!

32. • e also:Western Perceptions of Zoroastrianism
• Farvahar. Persepolis, Iran.

35. JUDAI SM

36. • "Hear, O Israel: The Lord our God is one Lord"
• (The Bible, Deut 6:4)

37. • "I am God, and there is none else;
• I am God, and there is none like me."
• ( The Bible, 46:9)

38. • " And Jews say Uzair (A.S.) is the son of Allah"

39. THE CONC E P T OF GOD IN
CHR I S T IANI TY

40. CONC E P T OF GOD IN
CHR I S T IANI T Y
• What is Christianity?
• It is based on the life and oral teachings of Jesus
• Belief of Trinity.
• It is to believe in three gods, i.e. Jesus, His mother and His
father.
• The most divine book of Christians is Bible.

41. • Christians believe that Christ is god but he himself did not
claim to be a god in his life.
• Indeed there is not even a single sentence in the Bible who
supports this belief.

42. • According to the Bible, the statement attributed to the
Jesus Christ (PBUH),
• I cast out devils with the spirit of God. ( Mathew 12:28 )
• .....with the finger of God cast out devils....(Luke 11:20 )

43. MI S S ION OF J E SUS
• "Think not that I am come to destroy the law, or the
prophets; I am not come to destroy but to fulfill". (The
Bible, Mathew )

44. GOD S ENT J E SUS ( P BUH)
• Bible mentions the prophetic nature of Jesus
mission in the following verses.
• "And this life is eternal that they might know the
only true God who has sent me" ( The Bible, John
17:3 )

45. THE F I R S T COMMANDMENT I S
THAT GOD I S ONE
• Hear, O Israel : The Lord our God is one Lord.
( Mark (12:29).

46. S TATUS OF J E SUS ( P BUH) IN I S LAM
• Islam is the only non christian faith which makes it an
article of faith to believe in Jesus (PBUH). No Muslim is a
muslim if he does not believe in Jesus (PBUH).
• We believe that He gave life to the dead with God's
permission.

47. Concept of God in Islam
Presented by : Ahsan Mahmood
(2013-ME-424)

48. • The meaning of Islam is to “submit your will to
Allah”.
• Islam is the 2nd biggest religions of the world.
• There are more than 1.2 billion people in world
who follows Islam.
• Muslims believe in Monotheism.

49. Beliefs of Muslims
• Muslims belief in Monotheism.
• According to the Muslims Allah sent messengers to the
mankind.
• The purpose of the sending of the prophets is to teach the
lesson of Monotheism.
• Islam thus makes an article on believe upon all prophets
from Adam to till Jesus(A.S)

50. Who is God??

51. Preferred Name

52. Monotheism
• There are three types of Monotheism.
• 1: Tawheed Ar Raboobiyah
• 2: Tawheed Al Asma Wa Safaat
• 3: Tawheed Al Ibadah.

53. Conclusion
• All Religious Scriptures Ultimately Speak about
Monotheism
• Quran Rejects All Self Made Beliefs of Heretics
• In a Nut Shell, Islam Represents the True
Concept of Monotheism and God.

54. Any Query?????
•