The document analyzes the ego and self-conflict of the main character in the short story "The Diamond Necklace". It identifies that the main character, Mrs. Mathilde Loisel, displays a strong ego by refusing to go to a party because she does not have a nice enough dress and feels poor compared to others. This causes her to borrow a neighbor's diamond necklace but she loses it, plunging her into debt and self-conflict for years as she works to replace it. The document used psychoanalytic techniques developed by Sigmund Freud to analyze the character's ego and how it affected her actions and mental state.

1. PAPER
THE LINK BETWEEN EGO TO SELF CONFLICT of The Main character in
the short story of The Diamond Necklace.
To fulfill the assignment of the subject Methodology of Literary Research
Who teached by Arafah Efendi, S. S
By:
POPPY ASHARIANTI 12.11.106.101301.0780
ERNA MARIANA 12.11.106.101301.0773
ISMA 13.11.106.101301.0896
FITRIANI 12.11.106.101301.0797
UNIVERSITY OF BALIKPAPAN
FACULTY OF LETTER
ENGLISH LITERATURE
2014

2. 1. Background of Study
Human is a perfect creature, they have mind and feeling. By their feeling and
mind they can create many thing, for example literature. They can explore what their
feeling in form short story, poetry, drama, song, etc. Literary work is means anything
that is written: time tables, dialogues, textbooks, travel brochures and so on.literary
work tells us about facts, explanations, history, real ‘great’ life figure, etc. The literary
work, as a work of art, can be a drama, a fiction, essays, biography or journalism and
so on. Sometimes the author deals with an imaginary world such as in drama, novels ,
short story and poetry. There are many approaches that can be used to analyze a
problem one of them are psychoanalysis.
Freud (1900, 1905) developed a topographical model of the mind, whereby described
the features of mind’s structure and function. In this model the conscious mind
(everything we are aware of) is seen as the tip of the iceberg, with the unconscious
mind a repository of a ‘cauldron’ of primitive wishes and impulse kept at bay and
mediated by the preconscious area. Some events and desires were often too
frightening or painful for his patients to acknowledge. Freud believed such
information was locked away in a region he called the unconscious mind. That
happens through the process of repression.
The goal of psychoanalysis is to make the unconscious conscious. structural model
of the mind comprising the entities id, ego and superego (what Freud called “the
psychic apparatus”). These are not physical areas within the brain, but rather
hypothetical conceptualizations of important mental functions. Every person have
them.
That show from the person’s desire and behaviour. The human tend do everything to
fulfill their desire.that is their ego. But they sometimes hesitate for do it. That happen
because superego. The Superego operates on the morality principle and motivates us
to behave in a socially responsible and acceptable manner.

3. As the theories above, this paper is concerning about the ego of the main character.
The factors influenced her ego and the self conflic which her feel.
2. ResearchQuestion
This paper aims to answer the following question:
1. What kinds the ego who shown by the main character?
2. How does the ego affect the main character?
3. Objectives (purpose)
1. Find the ego’s main characters and the reason from her behaviour.
2. Find the affect of main character’s ego.
4. Scope of Study
This research focus on ego , specially the relation between ego and self conflict . In
this research, the reserchers find and show the ego of the main character then link
the self conflict experienced by the main character.
5. The Significance of the Study
Telling the readers about the relation of ego between someone’s behaviour life.
Through this paper, the readers can know their egos each other. Besides, they also
know what the affect for them who always follow their ego. So they can learn to
control teir ego.
6. Literature Review
Literary work means anything that is written: time tables, dialogues, textbooks, travel
brochures and so on.literary work tells us about facts, explanations, history, real
‘great’ life figure, etc. The literary work, as a work of art, can be a drama, a fiction,
essays, biography or journalism and so on. Sometimes the author deals with an
imaginary world such as in drama, novels , short story and poetry. In analyzing a
literary work, there are many approaches that can be used to analyze a problem one of
them are psychoanalysis.

4. Psychoanalysis is a specific mind investigation. According to Freud,the
human psyce can be divided three, they are id, ego and super ego. The ego develops
from the id during infancy. The egos goal to satisfy the demands of the id in a safe a
socially acceptable way. In contrast to the id the ego follows the reality principle as it
operates in both the conscious and unconscious mind. The superego develops during
early childhood (when the child identifies with the same sex parent) and is responsible
for ensuring moral standards are followed. The Superego operates on the morality
principle and motivates us to behave in a socially responsible and acceptable manner.
The superego can make a person feel guilty if rules are not followed. When there is
conflict between the goals of the id and superego the ego must act as a referee and
mediate this conflict. The ego can deploy various defense mechanisms (Freud, 1894,
1896) to prevent it from becoming overwhelmed by anxiety.
The story “Diamond Necklace” tells about the woman who always follow her
ego. Her name is Mrs. Mathilde. She is the main character in this story. She he always
felt less with what she have had. Mathilde suffered ceaselessly, feeling herself born to
enjoy all delicacies and all luxuries. She was distressed at the poverty of her dwelling,
One day her husban give her invitation from his office. She tore the paper
quickly and drew out a printed card which bore these words: “The Minister of Public
Instruction and Madame Georges Ramponneau request the honor of M. and Madame
Loisel's company at the palace of the Ministry on Monday evening, January 18th.
Instead of being delighted, as her husband had hoped, she threw the invitation on the
table crossly, muttering”. Mr. Loisel was very surprised to see her expression. He
hoped that his wife would be pleased with the invitation. But, She looked at him with
an irritated glance and cried. Mr. Loisel asked to his wife the reason why she was
angry. she answered By a violent effort she conquered her grief and replied in a calm
voice, while she wiped her wet cheeks that she don’t have gown, so she can not go to
the party. Finally Mr.Lousel took her to buy a dress. He was litle pale, because he
was laying aside just that amount to buy a gun and treat himself to a little shooting
next summer on the plain of Nanterre, with several friends who went to shoot larks
there of a Sunday.

5. The day of the ball drew near and Madame Loisel seemed sad, uneasy, anxious. Her
husband asked her what happen. Then she answered that she fell sad because she did
not have a single piece of jewelry. Her husband suggested to use flowers as jewelry
that looks natural. But, she did not want to do it. She decide to borrow her friends
jawelry jawelry. However she was careless, the jewelry which she borrowed lost.
7. Method of the Study
7.1. Type of research
The research done by researcher is scientific research with
methodology procedures. In this research, the researchers use descriptive
qualitative method with psychoanalysis pattern which covers psychological
and also personality of someone where this research contains about
interpretation at text in a novel.
7.2. Sources of Data
The researchers read then do observation upon a short story “The
Diamond Neclace”. The researchers quote some sentences and dialogue in
story which show the ego of the main character, self conflic who is
experienced and how she is satisfy her ego.
7.3 Data collection and data analysis.
The researcher collect data by reading the whole short story by the step;
a. Read whole short story “Diamond Necklace”
b. Try to find the main character in short story,
c. Find the willing of main character which show her ego.
d. Quote the word or sentence in dialogue in story which show the
ego of the main character.
e. Find self conflict which experienced by the main character.

6. 8. Finding and Discussion
In this research, researher use a short story en title “Diamond necklace”
by Guy de Maupassant as the object research and use psychoanalysis
approach to analyze about behaviour the main character in her life. In this
story,
Based on short story, the ego was shown by refutation go to the party with
the reason no have gaun, then her husband defind to buy her a new gaun
"Come, let us see, Mathilde. How much would it cost, a suitable gown,
which you could use on other occasions--something very simple?".
Then The day of the ball drew near and Madame Loisel seemed sad, uneasy,
anxious Her frock was ready, however. Her husband said to her one evening:
"What is the matter? Come, you have seemed very queer these last
three days."
And she answered:
"It annoys me not to have a single piece of jewelry, not a single
ornament, nothing to put on. I shall look poverty-stricken. I would almost
rather not go at all."
"You might wear natural flowers," said her husband. "They are very
stylish at this time of year. For ten francs you can get two or three magnificent
roses."
She was not convinced.
"No; there's nothing more humiliating than to look poor among other women
who are rich." Because she was not able to buy a jawelry, she decided to
borrow her friend’s jewelry . She was too force her self to look beyond her
ability. At the moment she lost it, that made her life miserable, because she
had to replace her friend’s jewelry. Her life become more suffer. It happened
because he had to collect and borrow money to loan sharks.

7. DAFTAR PUSTAKA
http://classiclit.about.com/library/bl-etexts/gdemaupassant/bl-gdemaup-
collected.htm diakses tanggal 28 November 2014
http://www.simplypsychology.org/defense-mechanisms.html
28 November 2014
http://www.simplypsychology.org/psyche.html 02 Desember 2014
http://belajarpsikologi.com/teori-psikoanalitik-oleh-sigmund-freud/
02 Desember 2014
http://nikalila.wordpress.com/2012/03/25/teori-psikoanalitikpsikoanalisis-
sigmund-freud-4/ 07 Desember 2014
http://www.psikologizone.com/teori-sigmund-freud/06511598
07 Desember 2014