2. 12.1
1. Demonstrate understanding of current,
potential difference, e.m.f. and resistance, and use
with their appropriate units.
2. State that charge is measured in coulombs (C).
3. Use and describe the use of an ammeter and a
voltmeter.
3. 12.2 Electric charge
1. Describe and interpret simple experiments to
show the production and detection of
electrostatic charges.
2. State that there are positive and negative
charges.
3. Describe an electric field as a region in which an
electric charge experiences a force.
4. 12.2 Electric charge
4. State that unlike charges attract and that like
charges repel.
5. Distinguish between electrical conductors and
insulators and give typical examples.
5. 12.3 Current, electromotive
force & potential difference
1. State that current is related to the flow of
charge.
2. Demonstrate understanding that a current is a
rate of flow of charge and recall and use the
equation I = Q / t.
3. Use the term potential difference (p.d.) to
describe what drives the current between two
points in a circuit.
6. 12.3 Current, electromotive
force & potential difference
4. Distinguish between the direction of flow of
electrons and conventional current.
5. Demonstrate understanding that e.m.f. is
defined in terms of energy supplied by a source in
driving charge round a complete circuit.
7. 12.4 Resistance
1. State that resistance = p.d. / current and
understand qualitatively how changes in p.d. or
resistance affect current.
2. Recall and use the equation
R=V/I
3. Describe an experiment to determine resistance
using a voltmeter and an ammeter.
8. 12.4 Resistance
4. Recall and use quantitatively the proportionality
between resistance and length, and the inverse
proportionality between resistance and crosssectional area of a wire.
5. Relate (without calculation) the resistance of a
wire to its length and to its diameter.
10. 12.6 Dangers of electricity
1. Identify electrical hazards including:
• damaged insulation
• overheating of cables
• damp conditions.
2. Demonstrate understanding of the use of
circuit-breakers.
3. Demonstrate understanding of the use of fuses.
