A presentation of how clinical pharmacists can optimize patients' medication to improve treatment outcomes and improve cost efficiency in the wider NHS.
The document summarizes three medication management programs:
1. The London Older Peoples Service Development Programme uses a specialist pharmacist assessment and care plan coordinated by a case manager to address older patients' medication access, compliance, and clinical issues.
2. Imperial College's My Medication Passport provides patients a consolidated list of their medications, allergies, and contacts to improve information sharing between care settings.
3. Optimize Adherence Service uses accredited community pharmacists to conduct adherence assessments, develop support plans, and provide ongoing reviews to both address unintentional non-compliance barriers and provide cognitive support to improve intentional medication taking.
This document discusses medicines optimisation, which aims to identify, intervene, and resolve issues with adverse medication performance, inappropriate prescribing, and non-compliance. The goal is to improve treatment outcomes for patients, improve value for the NHS, and ensure optimal and safe treatment based on evidence. Pharmacists can contribute by ensuring safe prescribing adheres to best practices, assessing drug histories for issues like polypharmacy, optimizing drug therapy, providing medication education, and coordinating information for patients. A case study examines a high-risk elderly patient taking multiple medications and proposes recommendations like reviewing medications like diuretics and shorter-acting benzodiazepines to reduce falls risk.
ECO 11: Medicines Optimisation Through Precision - Sir Munir PirmohamedInnovation Agency
Munir Pirmohamed discusses the potential impact of medicines optimisation in terms of ensuring the right patients get the right choice if medicine at the right time. He presents a case history of over prescription and introduces three examples of medicines optimisation through use of genetics, big data, and pharmacogenetics profiling.
This study examined the impact of a clinical pharmacist intervention on 30-day readmission rates in patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). The study found that 30-day readmission rates were significantly lower in patients who received input from a clinical pharmacist during their hospital stay and discharge compared to those who did not receive a pharmacist intervention. Additionally, appropriateness of medications was higher in the pharmacist intervention group both during admission and at discharge. While length of stay was shorter in the group with appropriate medication management, there was no correlation between medication appropriateness and readmission rates. The results suggest that involvement of a clinical pharmacist in the care of COPD patients can help reduce avoidable hospital readmissions
Medicines reconciliation aims to ensure a patient's prescribed medications correspond to what they were taking before admission to minimize errors and harm. It involves collecting, checking, and communicating any discrepancies between current and past medications. Medicines Usage Reviews conducted by pharmacists allow patients to check their understanding of their conditions and medications. The pharmacist can identify issues like incorrect use, doses, or adverse effects that require follow up. MURs fall under level 1 reviews conducted with the patient and no medical records. Higher level reviews involve doctors, nurses, or pharmacists reviewing records with or without the patient.
The document discusses medication history interviews, which are used to obtain a complete record of all medications a patient is currently taking or has taken recently. A medication history interview provides valuable insights into a patient's allergies, adherence to treatments, and use of alternative medicines. The goal is to collect information that can be used to prevent prescription errors, detect drug-related issues, and inform an overall care plan for the patient. Common questions asked during an interview include what medications the patient is currently taking, any allergies or side effects, adherence to past treatments, and use of over-the-counter or herbal remedies.
The document summarizes student feedback from various surgery electives and block rotations. Some of the key positives mentioned are excellent teaching from consultants and residents, and good student involvement in the operating room, wards and clinics for certain specialties like vascular surgery and urology. However, some negatives mentioned are limited teaching and involvement for students in some specialties like neurosurgery and plastic surgery. Students also felt that hours were long and that more feedback could be provided. Suggestions include ensuring students have security and workspace, and improving resident teaching and student involvement in cases.
The document summarizes three medication management programs:
1. The London Older Peoples Service Development Programme uses a specialist pharmacist assessment and care plan coordinated by a case manager to address older patients' medication access, compliance, and clinical issues.
2. Imperial College's My Medication Passport provides patients a consolidated list of their medications, allergies, and contacts to improve information sharing between care settings.
3. Optimize Adherence Service uses accredited community pharmacists to conduct adherence assessments, develop support plans, and provide ongoing reviews to both address unintentional non-compliance barriers and provide cognitive support to improve intentional medication taking.
This document discusses medicines optimisation, which aims to identify, intervene, and resolve issues with adverse medication performance, inappropriate prescribing, and non-compliance. The goal is to improve treatment outcomes for patients, improve value for the NHS, and ensure optimal and safe treatment based on evidence. Pharmacists can contribute by ensuring safe prescribing adheres to best practices, assessing drug histories for issues like polypharmacy, optimizing drug therapy, providing medication education, and coordinating information for patients. A case study examines a high-risk elderly patient taking multiple medications and proposes recommendations like reviewing medications like diuretics and shorter-acting benzodiazepines to reduce falls risk.
ECO 11: Medicines Optimisation Through Precision - Sir Munir PirmohamedInnovation Agency
Munir Pirmohamed discusses the potential impact of medicines optimisation in terms of ensuring the right patients get the right choice if medicine at the right time. He presents a case history of over prescription and introduces three examples of medicines optimisation through use of genetics, big data, and pharmacogenetics profiling.
This study examined the impact of a clinical pharmacist intervention on 30-day readmission rates in patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). The study found that 30-day readmission rates were significantly lower in patients who received input from a clinical pharmacist during their hospital stay and discharge compared to those who did not receive a pharmacist intervention. Additionally, appropriateness of medications was higher in the pharmacist intervention group both during admission and at discharge. While length of stay was shorter in the group with appropriate medication management, there was no correlation between medication appropriateness and readmission rates. The results suggest that involvement of a clinical pharmacist in the care of COPD patients can help reduce avoidable hospital readmissions
Medicines reconciliation aims to ensure a patient's prescribed medications correspond to what they were taking before admission to minimize errors and harm. It involves collecting, checking, and communicating any discrepancies between current and past medications. Medicines Usage Reviews conducted by pharmacists allow patients to check their understanding of their conditions and medications. The pharmacist can identify issues like incorrect use, doses, or adverse effects that require follow up. MURs fall under level 1 reviews conducted with the patient and no medical records. Higher level reviews involve doctors, nurses, or pharmacists reviewing records with or without the patient.
The document discusses medication history interviews, which are used to obtain a complete record of all medications a patient is currently taking or has taken recently. A medication history interview provides valuable insights into a patient's allergies, adherence to treatments, and use of alternative medicines. The goal is to collect information that can be used to prevent prescription errors, detect drug-related issues, and inform an overall care plan for the patient. Common questions asked during an interview include what medications the patient is currently taking, any allergies or side effects, adherence to past treatments, and use of over-the-counter or herbal remedies.
The document summarizes student feedback from various surgery electives and block rotations. Some of the key positives mentioned are excellent teaching from consultants and residents, and good student involvement in the operating room, wards and clinics for certain specialties like vascular surgery and urology. However, some negatives mentioned are limited teaching and involvement for students in some specialties like neurosurgery and plastic surgery. Students also felt that hours were long and that more feedback could be provided. Suggestions include ensuring students have security and workspace, and improving resident teaching and student involvement in cases.
This document summarizes a ward round documentation audit conducted over 8 weeks. The results showed substandard documentation across several categories assessed. Discussion notes that poor documentation can negatively impact patient safety and care continuity. While electronic documentation may be ideal, pragmatic first steps include education, improving note access, utilizing ward round checklists, and addressing time pressures faced by junior doctors. The conclusion is that a multidisciplinary team approach is needed to implement stepwise improvements to documentation standards.
Medicines optimisation, pop up uni, 9am, 3 september 2015NHS England
Expo is the most significant annual health and social care event in the calendar, uniting more NHS and care leaders, commissioners, clinicians, voluntary sector partners, innovators and media than any other health and care event.
Expo 15 returned to Manchester and was hosted once again by NHS England. Around 5000 people a day from health and care, the voluntary sector, local government, and industry joined together at Manchester Central Convention Centre for two packed days of speakers, workshops, exhibitions and professional development.
This year, Expo was more relevant and engaging than ever before, happening within the first 100 days of the new Government, and almost 12 months after the publication of the NHS Five Year Forward View. It was also a great opportunity to check on and learn from the progress of Greater Manchester as the area prepares to take over a £6 billion devolved health and social care budget, pledging to integrate hospital, community, primary and social care and vastly improve health and well-being.
More information is available online: www.expo.nhs.uk
Communication is the transfer of information meaningful to those involved. Interactive communication is a process that facilitates a dialogue to provide multiple opportunities to accurately interpret meaning and respond appropriately. An interactive model is similar to a discussion rather than a lecture.
For example, using an interactive model, a patient may be asked what they know about their medications. As the patient describes aspects of his or her medication therapy, the pharmacist can then respond to fill in knowledge gaps, correct misinformation and verify patient understanding, thus eliminating or minimizing misunderstandings.
Interactive communications are effective for many interpersonal situations, but are especially useful when working with patients to assure appropriate use of medications.
This document presents the ASE-C-POP framework for identifying and resolving drug-related problems (DRPs). It was developed to improve how pharmacy students learn problem identification and solving. The framework follows the acronym ASE-C-POP: Appropriate, Safe, Effective, Comprehensive care, to systematically screen each medication and identify any DRPs. It leads to a logical way to discuss issues with prescribers. When tested on students, they quickly embraced the framework and it allowed identification of their clinical reasoning. The authors plan to trial this with other healthcare professionals as well.
A medication history interview involves collecting detailed information about all medications a patient is currently taking or has taken in the past. This provides insights into allergies, adherence to treatment, and use of alternative medicines. The goals are to identify discrepancies in medication records and gather additional information to inform care. Key information collected includes current and past medications, OTC drugs, reactions, adherence, and sources like pharmacies. Through counseling, patients can better understand their treatment and improve medication management to enhance outcomes.
The document discusses clinical pathways, which are multidisciplinary plans that embed evidence-based best practices into patient care to improve outcomes and efficiency. Clinical pathways aim to standardize care for specific patient groups, coordinate care across specialties, and reduce variation. They define processes, timing, targets, and allow for measuring variations to make improvements. Implementing clinical pathways provides benefits like supporting evidence-based care, quality, risk management, and resource optimization, though controlled studies on their effects are still limited.
New microsoft office power point presentationEmani Aparna
Therapeutic guidelines are clinical practice guidelines that focus on treatment recommendations. They are developed by healthcare providers through a systematic process involving a literature review, obtaining expert opinions, developing recommendations, and assessing quality of evidence. Therapeutic guidelines provide standardized treatment protocols to improve patient outcomes and reduce healthcare costs. They are published in medical databases, websites of organizations like the American Heart Association, and government sources.
The Evolution and Outcomes of Pharmacist Medication History ServicesAllina Health
The document discusses the evolution of pharmacist medication history services at Abbott Northwestern Hospital. It describes challenges with accurate medication histories and additional services pharmacists provide, such as obtaining medication lists from outside sources. The presentation reviews two patient cases where pharmacist involvement led to improved outcomes by identifying an overdose and undisclosed herbal supplement use. Data demonstrates pharmacists can reduce adverse drug events and hospital costs by enhancing medication reconciliation.
The document outlines the core elements of medication therapy management (MTM) services provided by pharmacists, including: conducting a medication therapy review, developing a personal medication record and medication action plan, making interventions or referrals, and documenting and providing follow-up. The medication therapy review involves collecting patient information, identifying medication-related problems, and creating a care plan. The personal medication record and medication action plan provide customized records for patients. Interventions address issues identified, and referrals are made when needed. Services are documented and follow-up is provided as needed or when care settings change.
This document discusses strategies to enhance patient adherence to preventive dental programs. It defines key terms like adherence and compliance. It outlines factors that influence patient adherence like patient characteristics and relationships with providers. It also examines protocols to assess adherence using indices and discusses monitoring adherence over time. Finally, it presents strategies to promote adherence like patient education, counseling, stage-based models, and motivational interviewing. The goal is to properly identify strategies tailored for each individual patient's needs.
This document outlines various aspects of quality assurance in pharmaceutical services including definitions, types of quality assurance services, methods of assessment, and evaluation techniques. It discusses patient counseling evaluation, audit types and cycles, and methods for monitoring quality at input, process, and output levels. The key aspects of quality assurance are ensuring quality of practice and services through performance appraisal, audit, and evaluating structures, processes, and outcomes of pharmaceutical activities.
This document discusses patient medication adherence. It defines adherence as taking medication as recommended by a healthcare provider. Adherence is affected by social, economic, healthcare system, condition-related, and patient-related factors. The five main dimensions that determine adherence are social/economic factors, provider-patient/healthcare system factors, condition-related factors, therapy-related factors, and patient-related factors. The role of pharmacists is to improve communication, provide education, simplify treatment regimens, monitor side effects, and involve patients to enhance medication adherence.
Patient compliance refers to how well a patient follows medical advice, especially regarding medication. Compliance can be full, partial, or non-existent. Adherence is a more active choice by the patient to follow treatment while taking responsibility for their health. Factors affecting compliance include the patient's social and economic situation, their relationship with healthcare providers, characteristics of the disease and treatment, and individual factors like age and memory. Compliance can be measured directly through medical tests or indirectly through prescription refills, outcomes, and patient interviews. Pharmacists can help improve compliance through education, monitoring therapy, and simplifying dosing.
Standard of care / Standard of Practice / Clinical Guideline/ Clinical Pathway Naz Usmani
A very brief presentation about the clinical process improvements including practices, standards of care , guideline and pathway . I have reflected upon the basic differences between them . Hope it is useful
The document discusses the importance of medication history interviews. A medication history interview involves collecting detailed information from a patient about all prescribed and non-prescribed medications they have taken. This information includes allergies, adherence to treatments, and use of alternative medicines. Collecting a thorough medication history helps prevent prescription errors, detect potential drug-related issues, and allows healthcare providers to develop better treatment plans by understanding a patient's complete medication use and history. The interview collects demographic data, medical information, and details on both current and past prescription and non-prescription medication use.
This document provides guidance on obtaining an accurate medication history from patients. It discusses important information sources, challenges that may be faced, questions to ask patients, tips for performing a medication history, educating patients, and tools that can be used. The goal is to reconcile the patient's reported medications with their medication records to identify any discrepancies. Documentation of the medication history in the patient's chart is also emphasized.
Residents at Boston Medical Center General Internal Medicine Department are not following new guidelines for treating Venous Thromboembolism (VTE) with Novel Oral Anticoagulants. This is due to limited resident knowledge about the new drugs from demanding schedules and self-study. Residents also experience "guideline fatigue" from too many guidelines. Additionally, the culture reinforces prescribing heparin due to resident education and attending physician discomfort with the new drugs.
Practica integradora ii parcial administracion de un sistema operativo comer...Angel Rene
Este documento describe una práctica integradora para administrar un sistema operativo comercial en una máquina virtual. El estudiante crea 3 grupos con 15 usuarios en total pertenecientes a las áreas de producción, administración y comercial. Cada usuario recibe un nombre, contraseña y está asignado a un grupo. El objetivo es configurar los grupos y usuarios en el sistema operativo Windows 2000 y generar un reporte final describiendo los pasos realizados.
El documento define el acoso escolar o bullying y describe sus diferentes tipos. Explica cómo se desarrolla el bullying, desde las primeras intimidaciones hasta la agresión física. También describe formas de prevenir el bullying a nivel primario, secundario y terciario. Finalmente, detalla diversas "torturas escolares" que los estudiantes usan para molestar a sus compañeros, como pisotones, frotamientos y bajarles los pantalones sin permiso.
This document summarizes a ward round documentation audit conducted over 8 weeks. The results showed substandard documentation across several categories assessed. Discussion notes that poor documentation can negatively impact patient safety and care continuity. While electronic documentation may be ideal, pragmatic first steps include education, improving note access, utilizing ward round checklists, and addressing time pressures faced by junior doctors. The conclusion is that a multidisciplinary team approach is needed to implement stepwise improvements to documentation standards.
Medicines optimisation, pop up uni, 9am, 3 september 2015NHS England
Expo is the most significant annual health and social care event in the calendar, uniting more NHS and care leaders, commissioners, clinicians, voluntary sector partners, innovators and media than any other health and care event.
Expo 15 returned to Manchester and was hosted once again by NHS England. Around 5000 people a day from health and care, the voluntary sector, local government, and industry joined together at Manchester Central Convention Centre for two packed days of speakers, workshops, exhibitions and professional development.
This year, Expo was more relevant and engaging than ever before, happening within the first 100 days of the new Government, and almost 12 months after the publication of the NHS Five Year Forward View. It was also a great opportunity to check on and learn from the progress of Greater Manchester as the area prepares to take over a £6 billion devolved health and social care budget, pledging to integrate hospital, community, primary and social care and vastly improve health and well-being.
More information is available online: www.expo.nhs.uk
Communication is the transfer of information meaningful to those involved. Interactive communication is a process that facilitates a dialogue to provide multiple opportunities to accurately interpret meaning and respond appropriately. An interactive model is similar to a discussion rather than a lecture.
For example, using an interactive model, a patient may be asked what they know about their medications. As the patient describes aspects of his or her medication therapy, the pharmacist can then respond to fill in knowledge gaps, correct misinformation and verify patient understanding, thus eliminating or minimizing misunderstandings.
Interactive communications are effective for many interpersonal situations, but are especially useful when working with patients to assure appropriate use of medications.
This document presents the ASE-C-POP framework for identifying and resolving drug-related problems (DRPs). It was developed to improve how pharmacy students learn problem identification and solving. The framework follows the acronym ASE-C-POP: Appropriate, Safe, Effective, Comprehensive care, to systematically screen each medication and identify any DRPs. It leads to a logical way to discuss issues with prescribers. When tested on students, they quickly embraced the framework and it allowed identification of their clinical reasoning. The authors plan to trial this with other healthcare professionals as well.
A medication history interview involves collecting detailed information about all medications a patient is currently taking or has taken in the past. This provides insights into allergies, adherence to treatment, and use of alternative medicines. The goals are to identify discrepancies in medication records and gather additional information to inform care. Key information collected includes current and past medications, OTC drugs, reactions, adherence, and sources like pharmacies. Through counseling, patients can better understand their treatment and improve medication management to enhance outcomes.
The document discusses clinical pathways, which are multidisciplinary plans that embed evidence-based best practices into patient care to improve outcomes and efficiency. Clinical pathways aim to standardize care for specific patient groups, coordinate care across specialties, and reduce variation. They define processes, timing, targets, and allow for measuring variations to make improvements. Implementing clinical pathways provides benefits like supporting evidence-based care, quality, risk management, and resource optimization, though controlled studies on their effects are still limited.
New microsoft office power point presentationEmani Aparna
Therapeutic guidelines are clinical practice guidelines that focus on treatment recommendations. They are developed by healthcare providers through a systematic process involving a literature review, obtaining expert opinions, developing recommendations, and assessing quality of evidence. Therapeutic guidelines provide standardized treatment protocols to improve patient outcomes and reduce healthcare costs. They are published in medical databases, websites of organizations like the American Heart Association, and government sources.
The Evolution and Outcomes of Pharmacist Medication History ServicesAllina Health
The document discusses the evolution of pharmacist medication history services at Abbott Northwestern Hospital. It describes challenges with accurate medication histories and additional services pharmacists provide, such as obtaining medication lists from outside sources. The presentation reviews two patient cases where pharmacist involvement led to improved outcomes by identifying an overdose and undisclosed herbal supplement use. Data demonstrates pharmacists can reduce adverse drug events and hospital costs by enhancing medication reconciliation.
The document outlines the core elements of medication therapy management (MTM) services provided by pharmacists, including: conducting a medication therapy review, developing a personal medication record and medication action plan, making interventions or referrals, and documenting and providing follow-up. The medication therapy review involves collecting patient information, identifying medication-related problems, and creating a care plan. The personal medication record and medication action plan provide customized records for patients. Interventions address issues identified, and referrals are made when needed. Services are documented and follow-up is provided as needed or when care settings change.
This document discusses strategies to enhance patient adherence to preventive dental programs. It defines key terms like adherence and compliance. It outlines factors that influence patient adherence like patient characteristics and relationships with providers. It also examines protocols to assess adherence using indices and discusses monitoring adherence over time. Finally, it presents strategies to promote adherence like patient education, counseling, stage-based models, and motivational interviewing. The goal is to properly identify strategies tailored for each individual patient's needs.
This document outlines various aspects of quality assurance in pharmaceutical services including definitions, types of quality assurance services, methods of assessment, and evaluation techniques. It discusses patient counseling evaluation, audit types and cycles, and methods for monitoring quality at input, process, and output levels. The key aspects of quality assurance are ensuring quality of practice and services through performance appraisal, audit, and evaluating structures, processes, and outcomes of pharmaceutical activities.
This document discusses patient medication adherence. It defines adherence as taking medication as recommended by a healthcare provider. Adherence is affected by social, economic, healthcare system, condition-related, and patient-related factors. The five main dimensions that determine adherence are social/economic factors, provider-patient/healthcare system factors, condition-related factors, therapy-related factors, and patient-related factors. The role of pharmacists is to improve communication, provide education, simplify treatment regimens, monitor side effects, and involve patients to enhance medication adherence.
Patient compliance refers to how well a patient follows medical advice, especially regarding medication. Compliance can be full, partial, or non-existent. Adherence is a more active choice by the patient to follow treatment while taking responsibility for their health. Factors affecting compliance include the patient's social and economic situation, their relationship with healthcare providers, characteristics of the disease and treatment, and individual factors like age and memory. Compliance can be measured directly through medical tests or indirectly through prescription refills, outcomes, and patient interviews. Pharmacists can help improve compliance through education, monitoring therapy, and simplifying dosing.
Standard of care / Standard of Practice / Clinical Guideline/ Clinical Pathway Naz Usmani
A very brief presentation about the clinical process improvements including practices, standards of care , guideline and pathway . I have reflected upon the basic differences between them . Hope it is useful
The document discusses the importance of medication history interviews. A medication history interview involves collecting detailed information from a patient about all prescribed and non-prescribed medications they have taken. This information includes allergies, adherence to treatments, and use of alternative medicines. Collecting a thorough medication history helps prevent prescription errors, detect potential drug-related issues, and allows healthcare providers to develop better treatment plans by understanding a patient's complete medication use and history. The interview collects demographic data, medical information, and details on both current and past prescription and non-prescription medication use.
This document provides guidance on obtaining an accurate medication history from patients. It discusses important information sources, challenges that may be faced, questions to ask patients, tips for performing a medication history, educating patients, and tools that can be used. The goal is to reconcile the patient's reported medications with their medication records to identify any discrepancies. Documentation of the medication history in the patient's chart is also emphasized.
Residents at Boston Medical Center General Internal Medicine Department are not following new guidelines for treating Venous Thromboembolism (VTE) with Novel Oral Anticoagulants. This is due to limited resident knowledge about the new drugs from demanding schedules and self-study. Residents also experience "guideline fatigue" from too many guidelines. Additionally, the culture reinforces prescribing heparin due to resident education and attending physician discomfort with the new drugs.
Practica integradora ii parcial administracion de un sistema operativo comer...Angel Rene
Este documento describe una práctica integradora para administrar un sistema operativo comercial en una máquina virtual. El estudiante crea 3 grupos con 15 usuarios en total pertenecientes a las áreas de producción, administración y comercial. Cada usuario recibe un nombre, contraseña y está asignado a un grupo. El objetivo es configurar los grupos y usuarios en el sistema operativo Windows 2000 y generar un reporte final describiendo los pasos realizados.
El documento define el acoso escolar o bullying y describe sus diferentes tipos. Explica cómo se desarrolla el bullying, desde las primeras intimidaciones hasta la agresión física. También describe formas de prevenir el bullying a nivel primario, secundario y terciario. Finalmente, detalla diversas "torturas escolares" que los estudiantes usan para molestar a sus compañeros, como pisotones, frotamientos y bajarles los pantalones sin permiso.
Este documento presenta diferentes técnicas e instrumentos de evaluación como la observación, encuesta, medición, exámenes y pruebas de problemas. Destaca la importancia de la observación directa e indirecta del alumnado, ya sea de forma planificada u oportunista. También describe diversos instrumentos como registros, fichas, listas de control y escalas, adecuados para diferentes tipos de aprendizajes y competencias.
This document is a thesis that analyzes the fundamental plane of 203 early type galaxies in the Coma cluster across multiple wavelength bands. It finds a fundamental plane in the r-band with coefficients a3D = 1.22, b3D = -0.82, and aXFP = 1.05. A positive correlation is seen between galaxy properties like Sérsic index and velocity dispersion. The fundamental plane is successfully plotted across ugrizJHK bands and a color-magnitude relation is observed peaking in the H-band. Coefficients a and intrinsic scatter are found to relate to wavelength, agreeing with previous studies. Ellipticals and S0 galaxies produce similar fundamental planes.
Nathaniel Baird designed a pathfinding system from scratch to simulate track cycling racing. He generated 5 concentric lanes around the track represented as nodes. Racers would adhere to their lane and periodically check positions to determine if they should adjust speed or change lanes to pass other racers. Additional conditions like stamina and drafting were implemented. Finally, a human player racer was integrated to race alongside the AI racers in a realistic simulation of track cycling behavior.
Scott Marshall is seeking to further his career in supply chain management by offering over 15 years of experience in purchasing, material planning, and product support. He has a proven track record of achieving goals and cost savings through excellent communication, organization, and problem-solving skills. His background includes positions in purchasing, inventory control, logistics, and process improvement at aviation companies.
Mitigating Risk When Managing High Dose, Chronic Pain Patients Polsinelli PC
This document summarizes strategies for clinicians to mitigate risk when managing patients with chronic pain, including prescribing opioids. It recommends independently evaluating all patients and assessing risk of abuse before and during treatment. It also suggests establishing measurable treatment goals, checking prescription drug monitoring programs, and avoiding combining opioids with benzodiazepines or other sedating medications. The document provides guidance on tapering opioids and benzodiazepines safely for appropriate patients. It also stresses the importance of careful documentation when prescribing high doses of opioids to reduce legal risk.
The document provides an overview of clinical pharmacy, including its definition, development, scope, and the functions and responsibilities of clinical pharmacists. It discusses key aspects of clinical pharmacy practice such as medication chart review, clinical review, pharmacist intervention, ward round participation, medication history, and pharmaceutical care. The summary is as follows:
Clinical pharmacy deals with the safe and effective use of drugs in patient care. It aims to optimize medication use and promote health. Clinical pharmacists are involved in medication monitoring, patient education, and ensuring rational drug therapy.
Key responsibilities of clinical pharmacists include collecting patient data, identifying drug-related problems, establishing treatment goals, evaluating and modifying drug regimens, and monitoring treatment outcomes.
This document discusses drug utilization review (DUR), which is a systematic process to ensure appropriate medication use. DUR involves reviewing patient medication and health histories before, during, and after dispensing. It can help prevent unnecessary drug use, adverse reactions, and improve effectiveness. The document outlines the classification, goals, and steps to establish a basic hospital DUR program, including forming a committee, developing policies/procedures, identifying drugs for review, establishing criteria, collecting/evaluating data, implementing interventions if needed, and re-evaluating the program annually.
Deborah K. Armstrong, M.D., explains the newly-released patient guide for ovarian cancer patients, which was sponsored by the National Ovarian Cancer Coalition (NOCC).
The AHSN Network Polypharmacy Programme is working with healthcare professionals to address problematic polypharmacy by supporting easier identification of patients at potential risk from harm from multiple medications.
Our evidence-based polypharmacy Action Learning Sets (ALS) are being rolled out across England to support GPs, pharmacists and other healthcare professionals who undertake prescribing or medication reviews to understand the complex issues around stopping inappropriate medicines safely.
To drive and accelerate changes in practice, delegates complete a quality improvement project to address problematic polypharmacy in their workplace. This poster summary, Audit of Care Home Medication Reviews, can be viewed here.
For more information about the polypharmacy programme, please visit https://www.ahsnnetwork.com/programmes/medicines/polypharmacy/
Pharmaceutical care is defined as the responsible provision of drug therapy to achieve definite outcomes that improve a patient's quality of life. It involves identifying potential and actual drug-related issues, resolving problems, and preventing future issues through education and monitoring. The pharmacist works with the patient and other providers to design and implement a care plan with specific therapeutic goals such as curing disease, reducing symptoms, or preventing illness. Key aspects of pharmaceutical care include being patient-oriented, addressing both acute and chronic issues, documenting care in the patient record, and emphasizing health promotion and education.
PMY 6120_1-2-Pharmaceutical Formulation Systems_Compound and Dispensing Proce...MuungoLungwani
This document discusses a course on pharmaceutical compounding and dispensing. The course covers background topics, dispensing and patient care, and extemporaneous dispensing. It aims to help students understand the roles of compounding pharmacists, resolve problems in making specific preparations, apply techniques to administrative and clinical aspects of drug delivery, determine dosages based on patient conditions, and apply principles of good pharmacy practice. Extemporaneous dispensing involves considerations for the intended use, safety, formula calculation, preparation method, container choice, and labeling for compounded products.
Clinical Pharmacy Introduction to Clinical Pharmacy, Concept of clinical pptxraviapr7
b) Clinical Pharmacy
Introduction to Clinical Pharmacy, Concept of clinical pharmacy
Functions and responsibilities of clinical pharmacist, Drug therapy monitoring
Medication chart review, clinical review., pharmacist intervention
Ward round participation, Medication history and Pharmaceutical care.
Dosing pattern and drug therapy based on Pharmacokinetic & disease pattern
The document discusses how the London Procurement Partnership (LPP) works with NHS organizations in London to manage medicines. It provides an overview of the new NHS landscape and how medicines are managed locally and nationally. It then describes the LPP's pharmacy and medicines workstreams that aim to promote evidence-based, safe, and cost-effective medicine use across primary care, acute/mental health trusts, and cross-sector work. The priorities for these workstreams include procurement, medicines optimization, collaboration, and quality improvement. Dashboards and other tools are used to support stakeholders in improving performance.
Drug Utilization Review (DUR) and Drug Utilization Evaluation (DUE) are processes used to ensure appropriate and safe medication use. DUR involves ongoing review of prescribing, dispensing, and use of drugs, while DUE qualitatively evaluates drug therapy appropriateness. The objectives of DUR and DUE are to ensure drug therapy meets standards of care, improve quality and effectiveness, prevent adverse reactions, and encourage evidence-based use. Pharmacists play a key role by identifying opportunities for improvement and promoting appropriate drug use. A successful DUR/DUE program benefits members through improved outcomes and health plans through reduced costs.
Comprehensive and person centred approach to addressing Polypharmacy in adult...Health Innovation Wessex
The Health Innovation Network Polypharmacy programme is working with healthcare professionals to address problematic polypharmacy by supporting easier identification of patients at potential risk from harm from multiple medications.
Our evidence-based polypharmacy Action Learning Sets (ALS) are being rolled out across England to support GPs, pharmacists and other healthcare professionals who undertake prescribing or medication reviews to understand the complex issues around stopping inappropriate medicines safely.
To drive and accelerate changes in practice, delegates complete a quality improvement project to address problematic polypharmacy in their workplace. This poster summary, Comprehensive and person centred approach to addressing Polypharmacy in adult care home residents, can be viewed here.
For more information about the polypharmacy programme, please visit https://thehealthinnovationnetwork.co.uk/programmes/medicines/polypharmacy/
Clinical edvidence and access for medicinal cannabis productsTGA Australia
This document summarizes the Australian government's approach to medicinal cannabis, which includes treating it as a medicine available by prescription. It outlines reviews finding evidence that cannabis is effective for chronic pain, spasticity, nausea from chemotherapy, and some other conditions. Clinical guidance documents are being developed for conditions like epilepsy, multiple sclerosis, pain, and palliative care. The TGA regulates cultivation, manufacturing, and patient access through schemes like Special Access that require authorization from a prescriber and state health department. Over 170 approvals have been issued under these schemes since 2016.
Introduction to Clinical Pharmacy, Concept of clinical pharmacy, functions and
responsibilities of clinical pharmacist, Drug therapy monitoring - medication chart
review, clinical review
This document discusses patient compliance and non-compliance with medical treatment. It defines compliance as adhering to a treatment plan due to perceiving benefits, while non-compliance threatens treatment success. The document notes that adherence is a more accurate term than compliance, as it recognizes patients actively participate in their care. Key factors that influence compliance include the disease, treatment regimen, patient-provider interaction, and socioeconomic issues. Various methods to assess compliance are indirect, like pill counts or MEMS devices, or direct, like drug analysis. Strategies to improve compliance involve simplifying treatment, developing suitable packaging, supplementary education, and counseling. Overall, non-compliance is a major issue that reduces treatment effectiveness.
Rare disease stakeholder dynamics pmrg institute fall 2014azdybak
This document discusses stakeholders in the rare disease space including patients, physicians, payers, manufacturers, and advocacy organizations. It notes that there are over 6,800 known rare diseases affecting 25-30 million Americans. The main stakeholders want access to new treatment options but payers aim to control rising specialty drug costs. Manufacturers charge high prices for rare disease drugs due to the small patient populations.
This document outlines standards for good pharmacy practice (GPP) as established by the International Pharmaceutical Federation (FIP). It discusses the underlying philosophy of patient-centered pharmaceutical care. The main elements of GPP are outlined as health promotion, supply of medicines, self-care, and influencing prescribing. Specific standards are provided for premises, dispensing, containers, labeling, patient instructions, records, health information, and self-medication. Adherence to these standards helps pharmacists provide quality care that complies with GPP.
Falls prevention and the role of the pharmacistRichard Harris
This document discusses the role of pharmacists in falls prevention. It notes that patients on four or more medications are at greater risk of falls. Pharmacist interventions like medication reviews and screenings can help identify risk factors and optimize treatment to reduce falls risk. A case study example is provided of a 74-year-old woman recently discharged after a fall to illustrate how a pharmacist might evaluate risk factors and make recommendations to improve medication safety and adherence.
A clinical intervention is defined as identifying and recommending solutions to actual or potential medication-related problems that could interfere with a patient's medical treatment outcomes.
The document discusses a clinical case involving a 67-year-old man with schizophrenia and learning disabilities admitted for subarachnoid hemorrhage. He was experiencing issues including Modecate shortage, extrapyramidal symptoms, high blood sugar, and non-compliance.
The interventions included sourcing an alternative to Modecate to control his symptoms, monitoring lab work, prescribing Metformin to manage his blood sugar with kidney function monitoring, informing staff of administration changes, and considering a dose reduction or switch to Aripiprazole. The nursing home was also updated on
Black Country Partnership Trust Presentation (1)Richard Harris
The role of the mental health pharmacist is to help improve treatment outcomes through various clinical, educational, and collaborative efforts. Key responsibilities include screening for appropriate and safe medication use, identifying and resolving issues, promoting health and adherence, liaising with other professionals, and providing drug information to patients and care teams. Pharmacists play an important role at admission, discharge, when managing new medications or changes, and by conducting audits and reviews to continually optimize care delivery and advocate for patients.
Falls prevention and the role of the pharmacistRichard Harris
This document discusses the role of pharmacists in falls prevention. It notes that patients on four or more medications are at greater risk of falls, and that regular medication reviews play an important part in reducing this risk. The document outlines pharmacist interventions like screening for polypharmacy, assessing individual fall risk factors, prioritizing high-risk medications, and modifying treatment regimens through recommendations and education. It provides an example case study of a patient at risk of falls and how a pharmacist could support medication optimization through alternative prescribing and adherence support.
Falls prevention and the role of the pharmacistRichard Harris
This a short presentation that looks at actions and processes that pharmacists can take to help reduce medicine related falls and hospital admissions due to falls in the older patient. it also looks at addressing polypharmacy and prescribing cascades and how to simplify medicines regimes.
Falls prevention and the role of the pharmacistRichard Harris
This document discusses the role of pharmacists in falls prevention. It notes that patients on four or more medications are at greater risk of falls, and that regular medication reviews play an important part in reducing falls risk. The document outlines pharmacist interventions like screening for polypharmacy, assessing individual fall risks, prioritizing high-risk medications, and modifying treatment regimens through recommendations and education. It provides an example case study of a patient at risk of falls and how a pharmacist could support medication optimization and risk reduction.
8 Surprising Reasons To Meditate 40 Minutes A Day That Can Change Your Life.pptxHolistified Wellness
We’re talking about Vedic Meditation, a form of meditation that has been around for at least 5,000 years. Back then, the people who lived in the Indus Valley, now known as India and Pakistan, practised meditation as a fundamental part of daily life. This knowledge that has given us yoga and Ayurveda, was known as Veda, hence the name Vedic. And though there are some written records, the practice has been passed down verbally from generation to generation.
Adhd Medication Shortage Uk - trinexpharmacy.comreignlana06
The UK is currently facing a Adhd Medication Shortage Uk, which has left many patients and their families grappling with uncertainty and frustration. ADHD, or Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder, is a chronic condition that requires consistent medication to manage effectively. This shortage has highlighted the critical role these medications play in the daily lives of those affected by ADHD. Contact : +1 (747) 209 – 3649 E-mail : sales@trinexpharmacy.com
Travel vaccination in Manchester offers comprehensive immunization services for individuals planning international trips. Expert healthcare providers administer vaccines tailored to your destination, ensuring you stay protected against various diseases. Conveniently located clinics and flexible appointment options make it easy to get the necessary shots before your journey. Stay healthy and travel with confidence by getting vaccinated in Manchester. Visit us: www.nxhealthcare.co.uk
Promoting Wellbeing - Applied Social Psychology - Psychology SuperNotesPsychoTech Services
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Histololgy of Female Reproductive System.pptxAyeshaZaid1
Dive into an in-depth exploration of the histological structure of female reproductive system with this comprehensive lecture. Presented by Dr. Ayesha Irfan, Assistant Professor of Anatomy, this presentation covers the Gross anatomy and functional histology of the female reproductive organs. Ideal for students, educators, and anyone interested in medical science, this lecture provides clear explanations, detailed diagrams, and valuable insights into female reproductive system. Enhance your knowledge and understanding of this essential aspect of human biology.
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These lecture slides, by Dr Sidra Arshad, offer a simplified look into the mechanisms involved in the regulation of respiration:
Learning objectives:
1. Describe the organisation of respiratory center
2. Describe the nervous control of inspiration and respiratory rhythm
3. Describe the functions of the dorsal and respiratory groups of neurons
4. Describe the influences of the Pneumotaxic and Apneustic centers
5. Explain the role of Hering-Breur inflation reflex in regulation of inspiration
6. Explain the role of central chemoreceptors in regulation of respiration
7. Explain the role of peripheral chemoreceptors in regulation of respiration
8. Explain the regulation of respiration during exercise
9. Integrate the respiratory regulatory mechanisms
10. Describe the Cheyne-Stokes breathing
Study Resources:
1. Chapter 42, Guyton and Hall Textbook of Medical Physiology, 14th edition
2. Chapter 36, Ganong’s Review of Medical Physiology, 26th edition
3. Chapter 13, Human Physiology by Lauralee Sherwood, 9th edition
The skin is the largest organ and its health plays a vital role among the other sense organs. The skin concerns like acne breakout, psoriasis, or anything similar along the lines, finding a qualified and experienced dermatologist becomes paramount.
2. Medicines Optimisation Aim
Identification, Intervention and Resolution of
adverse medicines performance, inappropriate
prescribing and compliance issues
Improve Treatment Outcomes for Patients
Improve value for money for the wider NHS
Improve quality, safety & optimal treatment
outcomes based on best evidence
Patient Engagement
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How Can Pharmacists Contribute ?
Ensure safe prescribing & administration of medication that adheres to
best evidence & practice
Cost effective-QIPP drop lists -drugs of limited clinical value
Assess Drug History & Monitor for Polypharmacy/ prescribing cascades
& ADEs-Document-Communicate-Challenge
Optimise Drug Therapy- Switching/ patent expiry
Medicines waste campaigns e.g. patient education awareness
Medicines Optimisation Training (MDT/GP Practices/ Care Homes)
Provide co-ordinated medicine information to patients/carers/relatives
as part of the discharge-planning process
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Case study - Elsie 78
• Recently discharged from hospital after a fall
• She lives alone
• Elsie says her mobility and eye sight are getting worse.
• Takes Furosemide 40mg BD –doesn’t like ‘water tablet’
• Recently prescribed Nitrazepam to help poor sleep.
• Reports feeling thirsty
What Are The Risk Factors?
• Age
• Falls history
• Adherence concerns-cognitive/physical
• New medication
• Undiagnosed disease?
• Isolation
Supporting Medicines Optimisation & reduce further falls
• Is diuretic suitable? Consider recommending an alternative
• Switch to a shorter acting benzodiazepine e.g. Zopiclone - consider cessation
• Increased thirst may suggests undiagnosed diabetes-referral
• Is Elsie managing to take her tablets OK on her own?- Ask the patient-check her
medicines with her-advise on correct use - consider compliance aid
• Wider question over independence : Engage with MDT/arrange care package
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Case Study : Omega 3 Low Priority Poor Value
The NHS Midlands and East spent £2.5 million on omega-3 fatty acids compounds in 2012-2013
Source: PrescQIPP Bulletin 47 October 2013
NICE Guideline-Evidence base
PrescQIPP Drop List
Letter of Advice/PIL to Patient
Agree protocol/process
Audit practice/patients
Monitor savings -
summary report
Omacor
I capsule daily =
28 day saving of
£14.28
Medicine Stopped
Pharmacist CCG
Medicines Review
Optimisation
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•Prioritise:
• Engage the patient in the process
•Aim:
• Keep regimes as simple as possible-reduce pill burden
•Modify:
• Make recommendations including cessation- “is the drug still
needed?”
•Prevent :
• Adherence issues-check patient understanding, Identify & resolve
barriers, explain & monitor changes
Presentation Summary
Helping care home rehabilitation staff with medicines management
Rivastigmine Patch Switch where appropriate to capsules-cost saving
Step one: Agree protocol Step two: Patient identification and data collection Step three: Exclusion criteria – patients NOT suitable/eligible for stopping prescribing of omega-3 fatty acid compounds Step four: Stop prescription for omega-3 fatty acid compounds in reviewed patients Step five: Summary report to GP practice Step six: Follow up