1. Oral and maxillofacial surgery
Lec. 11
Soft tissues swellings of the oral mucosa.
1.swellings of the gingiva.
2.swellings of the buccal and palatal mucosa.
3.swellings of the tongue.
2. Mucoceles.
The most common type of soft tissues and salivary
gland cyst is the extravasations Mucocele.
it is not true cyst as it has no epithelial lining ,
Mucocele mainly affect the minor salivary glands ,
particularly of the lip.
the cause is usually damage to the duct of a mucous
gland . this may be caused by a blow on the lip.
3. clinical features of Mucocele
most often form in the lower lip but occasionally on
the buccal mucosa or floor of the mouth ( ranula(.
It is usually superficial and rarely larger than 1 cm in
diameter , in the early stages they appear as rounded
,fleshy swellings , later they are obviously cystic ,
hemispherical , fluctuant and bluish due to the thin
wall,
A Mucocele can not be distinguished from a retention
cyst clinically.
4. Ranula.
A Ranula is an uncommon type of salivary cyst arising
from the sublingual or submandibular salivary
glands.
the structure is usually the same as other salivary
retention cyst.
it is 2 or 3 cm in diameter.
it is appears soft , fluctuant and bluish , they are
typically painless but may interfere with speech or
mastication.
5. Mumps.
Mumps is due a paramyxovirus virus (mumps
virus(.
clinical features:
painful swelling of the parotid.
it is highly infectious.
is the most common cause of acute parotid swelling
children are mainly affected.
an incubation period of about 21 days is followed
by headache , malaise , fever and tense , painful
and tender swelling of the parotids.
6. possible complication
may lead to permanent nerve deafness or rarely
meningitis.
adults who contract mumps may develop orchitis
or oophoritis , prolong malaise.
diagnosis is usually obvious from the history and
clinical findings , especially in a child.
mumps may be mistaken for a dental infection or
bacterial sialadenitis if unilaterally.
7. Median rhomboid glossitis.
It was central papillary atrophy of the tongue.
Etiology:
1.due to possibilities of inflammatory infections.
2.or due to degenerative causes.
3.or due to chronic candidal infection.
4.or may be due to a developmental defect
resulting from an incomplete descent of the
tuberculum impar and entrapment of a portion of it
between the fusing lateral halves of the tongue.
5.others suggesting the possibility of several
different etiologies.
8. clinical features:
1.Median rhomboid glossitis more frequently in
male
2.the lesion is located on the dorsal surface of the
tongue in the midline and anterior to the
circumvallates papillae.
the surface is dusky.
red.
completely devoid of filiform papillae.
usually smooth.
nodular.
fissured surfaces.
9. Osteoma.
Osteoma is a benign neoplasm.
characterized by proliferation of either compact or
cancellous bone usually in an endosteal or
periosteal location.
diagnosis of Osteoma in the jaws however where
infection is common , it is not always possible to
differentiate a bony mass induced by irritation or
inflammation from one of a true neoplastic
nature , so called exostoses and enostoses.
10. clinical features:
arise at any age.
is not a common oral lesion.
more common in the young adult.
it manifests as a circumscribed swelling on the jaw producing
obvious asymmetry.
the Osteoma is a slow growing tumor must differentiate from
Garre s non suppurative sclerosing Osteomyelitis.
seldom accompanied with pain.
lesion not encapsulated.
roentgen graphic features lesion appears a well
circumscribed Radiopaque mass.
Torus palatinus
Torus mandibular.
