This document summarizes a study that uses artificial neural networks to determine the optimal placement of custom power devices (DSTATCOM, DVR, UPQC) in an electrical power system network to balance voltages affected by unbalanced loads. The study trains a neural network using unbalanced bus voltages from a simulated IEEE 14-bus test system as input, and balanced voltages prior to unbalanced loads as targets. It analyzes the results to determine the optimal bus and line to place each device type in order to maximize voltage balancing across the network when unbalanced loads are connected. Case studies demonstrate the approach and compare device effectiveness on the test system.
Optimal placement of dstatcom in an indian power system for load andIAEME Publication
This document discusses using an artificial neural network approach to determine the optimal placement of a Distribution Static Compensator (DSTATCOM) in a 75-bus Indian power system to balance voltages affected by unbalanced loads. The neural network was trained using balanced voltages before loads and unbalanced voltages with loads as inputs and targets. It found that placing the DSTATCOM at bus 47 produced the lowest error and best balanced voltages across the system when unbalanced loads were connected at different buses. Simulations confirmed the DSTATCOM placement effectively balanced voltages at load buses and other buses affected by the unbalanced loads.
Environmental factors such as air pollution and increase in global warming by using polluting fuels are the most important reasons of using renewable and clean energy that runs in global community. Wind energy is one of the most suitable and widely used kind of renewable energy which had been in consideration so well. This paper introduces an electric power generation
system of wind based on Y-source and improved Y-source inverter to deliver optimal electrical power to the network. This new converter is from impedance source converters family. This presented converter has more degrees of freedom to adjust voltage gain and modulation. Also, by limiting the range of simultaneous control (shooting through) while it maintains the
highest power of maximizer, it can operate in higher modulation range. This causes the reduce of stress in switching and thus it will improve the quality of output. Recommended system had been simulated in MATLAB/Simulink and shown results indicate accurate functionality.
Enhancement of power quality using microprocessor based shunt active power fi...IJECEIAES
Power quality is the most significant factor of power sector. The end user equipment such as induction motor, inverters, rectifiers inject harmonics into power system that influences the quality of power delivered. The presence of harmonics forces the use of instantaneous reactive power theory to calculate instantaneous power that helps in finding the compensating currents to eliminate harmonics. The control action required by active filter is accomplished by STM32F303RET6 microcontroller. Single phase induction motor is used as a dynamic nonlinear load in one of the three phases and resistive loads on the other two phases. TRIAC based RC triggering circuit was used to control the single phase induction motor. This paper presents the simulation and hardware implementation of shunt active power filter for 3 phase 4 wire unbalanced system. The hardware results show that THD in the source side has been reduced from 50.7% to 9.6% by implementing the SAPF.
Power Quality Improvement by SRF Based Control using D-STATCOMIRJET Journal
1) The document discusses using a D-STATCOM with synchronous reference frame (SRF) control strategy to improve power quality issues like poor voltage regulation, reactive power burden, and harmonics.
2) The SRF control strategy transforms load current signals into a rotating d-q frame for control purposes. It uses a phase-locked loop and proportional-integral controllers to generate gate pulses that control the D-STATCOM.
3) MATLAB simulations show the SRF control strategy effectively eliminates harmonics and reactive power compensation for both linear and non-linear loads, maintaining unity power factor and reducing harmonic content in source currents.
Direct current (DC) electronic load is a useful equipment for testing the electrical system. It can emulate various load at a high rating. The electronic load requires a power converter to operate and a linear regulator is a common option. Nonetheless, it is hard to control due to the temperature variation. This paper proposed a DC electronic load using the boost converter. The proposed electronic load operates in the continuous current mode and control using the integral controller. The electronic load using the boost converter is compared with the electronic load using the linear regulator. The results show that the boost converter able to operate as an electronic load with an error lower than 0.5% and response time lower than 13 ms.
With the dominating utility of the internet, it becomes critical to manage the efficiency and reliability of telecom and datacenter, as the power consumption of the involved equipment also increases. Much power being wasted through the power conversion stages by converting AC voltage to DC voltage and then stepping down to lower voltages to connect to information and communication technology (ICT) equipment. 48/12 VDC is the standard DC bus architecture to serve the end utility equipment. This voltage level is further processed to multiple lower voltages to power up the internal auxiliary circuits. Power losses are involved when it is converted from higher voltage to lower voltages. Therefore, the efficiency of power conversion is lower. There is a need to increase the efficiency by minimizing the power losses which occur due to the conversion stages. Different methods are available to increase the efficiency of a system by optimizing the converter topologies, semiconductor materials and control methods. There is another possibility of increasing the efficiency by changing the architecture of a system by increasing the DC bus voltage to higher voltages to optimize the losses. This paper presents a review of available high voltage options for telecom power distribution and developments, implementations and challenges across the world.
The inverter is the principal part of the photovoltaic (PV) systems that assures the direct current/alternating current (DC/AC) conversion (PV array is connected directly to an inverter that converts the DC energy produced by the PV array into AC energy that is directly connected to the electric utility). In this paper, we present a simple method for detecting faults that occurred during the operation of the inverter. These types of faults or faults affect the efficiency and cost-effectiveness of the photovoltaic system, especially the inverter, which is the main component responsible for the conversion. Hence, we have shown first the faults obtained in the case of the short circuit. Second, the open circuit failure is studied. The results demonstrate the efficacy of the proposed method. Good monitoring and detection of faults in the inverter can increase the system's reliability and decrease the undesirable faults that appeared in the PV system. The system behavior is tested under variable parameters and conditions using MATLAB/Simulink.
Power flow solution with flexible ac transmission system devicesIAEME Publication
This document discusses power flow analysis with flexible AC transmission system (FACTS) devices. It proposes using FACTS technologies like thyristor controlled series capacitor (TCSC) and unified power flow controller (UPFC) to control power flow and minimize losses in transmission lines. The document models an IEEE 14-bus test system in MATLAB and simulates power flow under different operating conditions with TCSC and UPFC. TCSC is used to minimize active power losses while UPFC minimizes both real and reactive power losses. Newton-Raphson method is used to solve the power flow problem and determine bus voltages, line flows, and system losses.
Optimal placement of dstatcom in an indian power system for load andIAEME Publication
This document discusses using an artificial neural network approach to determine the optimal placement of a Distribution Static Compensator (DSTATCOM) in a 75-bus Indian power system to balance voltages affected by unbalanced loads. The neural network was trained using balanced voltages before loads and unbalanced voltages with loads as inputs and targets. It found that placing the DSTATCOM at bus 47 produced the lowest error and best balanced voltages across the system when unbalanced loads were connected at different buses. Simulations confirmed the DSTATCOM placement effectively balanced voltages at load buses and other buses affected by the unbalanced loads.
Environmental factors such as air pollution and increase in global warming by using polluting fuels are the most important reasons of using renewable and clean energy that runs in global community. Wind energy is one of the most suitable and widely used kind of renewable energy which had been in consideration so well. This paper introduces an electric power generation
system of wind based on Y-source and improved Y-source inverter to deliver optimal electrical power to the network. This new converter is from impedance source converters family. This presented converter has more degrees of freedom to adjust voltage gain and modulation. Also, by limiting the range of simultaneous control (shooting through) while it maintains the
highest power of maximizer, it can operate in higher modulation range. This causes the reduce of stress in switching and thus it will improve the quality of output. Recommended system had been simulated in MATLAB/Simulink and shown results indicate accurate functionality.
Enhancement of power quality using microprocessor based shunt active power fi...IJECEIAES
Power quality is the most significant factor of power sector. The end user equipment such as induction motor, inverters, rectifiers inject harmonics into power system that influences the quality of power delivered. The presence of harmonics forces the use of instantaneous reactive power theory to calculate instantaneous power that helps in finding the compensating currents to eliminate harmonics. The control action required by active filter is accomplished by STM32F303RET6 microcontroller. Single phase induction motor is used as a dynamic nonlinear load in one of the three phases and resistive loads on the other two phases. TRIAC based RC triggering circuit was used to control the single phase induction motor. This paper presents the simulation and hardware implementation of shunt active power filter for 3 phase 4 wire unbalanced system. The hardware results show that THD in the source side has been reduced from 50.7% to 9.6% by implementing the SAPF.
Power Quality Improvement by SRF Based Control using D-STATCOMIRJET Journal
1) The document discusses using a D-STATCOM with synchronous reference frame (SRF) control strategy to improve power quality issues like poor voltage regulation, reactive power burden, and harmonics.
2) The SRF control strategy transforms load current signals into a rotating d-q frame for control purposes. It uses a phase-locked loop and proportional-integral controllers to generate gate pulses that control the D-STATCOM.
3) MATLAB simulations show the SRF control strategy effectively eliminates harmonics and reactive power compensation for both linear and non-linear loads, maintaining unity power factor and reducing harmonic content in source currents.
Direct current (DC) electronic load is a useful equipment for testing the electrical system. It can emulate various load at a high rating. The electronic load requires a power converter to operate and a linear regulator is a common option. Nonetheless, it is hard to control due to the temperature variation. This paper proposed a DC electronic load using the boost converter. The proposed electronic load operates in the continuous current mode and control using the integral controller. The electronic load using the boost converter is compared with the electronic load using the linear regulator. The results show that the boost converter able to operate as an electronic load with an error lower than 0.5% and response time lower than 13 ms.
With the dominating utility of the internet, it becomes critical to manage the efficiency and reliability of telecom and datacenter, as the power consumption of the involved equipment also increases. Much power being wasted through the power conversion stages by converting AC voltage to DC voltage and then stepping down to lower voltages to connect to information and communication technology (ICT) equipment. 48/12 VDC is the standard DC bus architecture to serve the end utility equipment. This voltage level is further processed to multiple lower voltages to power up the internal auxiliary circuits. Power losses are involved when it is converted from higher voltage to lower voltages. Therefore, the efficiency of power conversion is lower. There is a need to increase the efficiency by minimizing the power losses which occur due to the conversion stages. Different methods are available to increase the efficiency of a system by optimizing the converter topologies, semiconductor materials and control methods. There is another possibility of increasing the efficiency by changing the architecture of a system by increasing the DC bus voltage to higher voltages to optimize the losses. This paper presents a review of available high voltage options for telecom power distribution and developments, implementations and challenges across the world.
The inverter is the principal part of the photovoltaic (PV) systems that assures the direct current/alternating current (DC/AC) conversion (PV array is connected directly to an inverter that converts the DC energy produced by the PV array into AC energy that is directly connected to the electric utility). In this paper, we present a simple method for detecting faults that occurred during the operation of the inverter. These types of faults or faults affect the efficiency and cost-effectiveness of the photovoltaic system, especially the inverter, which is the main component responsible for the conversion. Hence, we have shown first the faults obtained in the case of the short circuit. Second, the open circuit failure is studied. The results demonstrate the efficacy of the proposed method. Good monitoring and detection of faults in the inverter can increase the system's reliability and decrease the undesirable faults that appeared in the PV system. The system behavior is tested under variable parameters and conditions using MATLAB/Simulink.
Power flow solution with flexible ac transmission system devicesIAEME Publication
This document discusses power flow analysis with flexible AC transmission system (FACTS) devices. It proposes using FACTS technologies like thyristor controlled series capacitor (TCSC) and unified power flow controller (UPFC) to control power flow and minimize losses in transmission lines. The document models an IEEE 14-bus test system in MATLAB and simulates power flow under different operating conditions with TCSC and UPFC. TCSC is used to minimize active power losses while UPFC minimizes both real and reactive power losses. Newton-Raphson method is used to solve the power flow problem and determine bus voltages, line flows, and system losses.
Mainly the DC motors are employed in most of the application. The main objective is to Regulate the DC motor system. A motor which displays the appearances of a DC motor but there is no commutator and brushes is called as brushless DC motor. These motors are widespread to their compensations than other motors in relationships of dependability, sound, efficiency, preliminary torque and longevity. To achieve the operation more reliable and less noisy, brushless dc motors are employed. In the proposed work, dissimilar methods of speed control are analysed. In real time submission of speed control of BLDC motor, numerous strategies are executed for the speed control singularity. The modified approaches are the employment of PI controller, use of PID controller and proposed current controller.
REDUCTION OF HARMONIC DISTORTION IN BLDC DRIVE USING BL-BUCK BOOST CONVERTER ...IAEME Publication
The document summarizes a study comparing the performance of a bridgeless buck-boost converter fed brushless DC motor drive to a conventional boost converter drive. The key findings are:
1. The proposed BL buck-boost converter provides power factor correction, reducing the total harmonic distortion of the supply current to around 4% and improving the power factor to nearly 0.98.
2. In comparison, a conventional BLDC drive using a diode bridge rectifier and boost converter has total harmonic distortion of around 65% and power factor of only 0.8.
3. Simulation results show the proposed drive maintains low total harmonic distortion of around 4% over variations in DC link voltage and supply voltage.
FIRING ANGLE SVC MODEL FOR ANALYZING THE PERFORMANCE OF TRANSMISSION NETWORK ...IAEME Publication
This paper deals with Power flow, which is necessary for any power system solution and carry
out a comprehensive study of the Newton- Raphson method of power flow analysis with and without
SVC. Voltage stability analysis is the major concern in order to operate any power system as
secured. This paper presents the investigation on N-R power flow enhancement of voltage stability
and power loss minimization with & without FACTS controllers such as Static Var Compensator
(SVC) device. The Static Var Compensator (SVC) provides a promising means to control power
flow in modern power systems. In this paper the Newton-Raphson is used to investigate its effect on
voltage profile and power system lossess with and without SVC in power system.. Simulations
investigate the effect of voltage magnitude and angle with and without SVC on the power flow of
the system. This survey article will be very much useful to the researchers for finding out the
relevant references in the field of Newton-Raphson power flow control with SVC in power systems.
In order to reach the above goals, these devices must be located optimally. In this paper the
Optimal placement of SVC is carried out by Voltage collapse Prediction Index (VCPI).The size of
the SVC is determined by suitable firing angle which reduces the losses in the system. Simulations
have been implemented in MATLAB Software and the IEEE 14 and IEEE 57-bus systems have been
used as case studies.
This document summarizes a study that proposes a new method to improve voltage profiles in power systems by determining optimal locations for reactive power compensation devices like capacitor banks. The method utilizes modal analysis and calculates a reactive participation index (RPI) to identify buses that would most effectively improve voltage levels when compensated. The method is tested on the South Sulawesi power system in Indonesia, identifying key under-voltage buses. Capacitors are added iteratively at the buses with the highest RPI until all voltages are within limits. The results demonstrate improved voltage profiles and increased stability compared to alternative configurations.
SRF THEORY BASED STATCOM FOR COMPENSATION OF REACTIVE POWER AND HARMONICSIAEME Publication
The power electronic devices like converters and inverters inject harmonic currents into AC
system due to their non linear characteristics. These devices draw high amount of reactive power
from source. The commencement of Nonlinear Load into the ac power system will have the effect of
harmonics. The presence of harmonics in system it will effected with power quality problems. Due
to this high amount of power losses and disoperation of power electronics devices is caused, along
with this Harmonics have a number of undesirable effects like Voltage disturbances. These
harmonics are needed to mitigate for Power Quality Enhancement in distributed system. Here the
device called STATCOM is one of the FACTS Devices which can be used to mitigate the harmonics
and reactive power compensation. The voltage source converter is core of the STATCOM and the
hysteresis current control is indirect method of controlling of VSC. In this paper we implement with
SRF based STATCOM control. SRF theory is implemented for the generation of controlling
reference current signals for controller of STATCOM. The Matlab\Simulink based model is
developed and simulation results are showed for linear and nonlinear load conditions.
This document summarizes a research paper that analyzes the performance of a 3-level space vector pulse width modulation (SVPWM) controlled unified power flow controller (UPFC) placed at different locations in an IEEE 14 bus system under a line-to-ground fault. The UPFC combines a static synchronous compensator (STATCOM) and static synchronous series compensator (SSSC) to independently control voltage, real and reactive power flow. Simulation results using MATLAB/Simulink show that a 3-level SVPWM control strategy effectively compensates for problems related to reactive power and power quality under unbalanced fault conditions.
International Journal of Engineering Research and Development is an international premier peer reviewed open access engineering and technology journal promoting the discovery, innovation, advancement and dissemination of basic and transitional knowledge in engineering, technology and related disciplines.
We follow "Rigorous Publication" model - means that all articles appear on IJERD after full appraisal, effectiveness, legitimacy and reliability of research content. International Journal of Engineering Research and Development publishes papers online as well as provide hard copy of Journal to authors after publication of paper. It is intended to serve as a forum for researchers, practitioners and developers to exchange ideas and results for the advancement of Engineering & Technology.
The emerging of inductive wireless power transfer (IWPT) technology provides more opportunities for the electric vehicle (EV) battery to have a better recharging process. With the development of IWPT technology, various way of wireless charging of the EV battery is proposed in order to find the best solution. To further understand the fundamentals of the IWPT system itself, an ample review is done. There are different ways of EV charging which are static charging (wired), static wireless charging (SWC) and dynamic wireless charging (DWC). The review starts with a brief comparison of static charging, SWC and DWC. Then, in detailed discussion on the fundamental concepts, related laws and equations that govern the IWPT principle are also included. In this review, the focus is more on the DWC with a little discussion on static charging and SWC to ensure in-depth understanding before one can do further research about the EV charging process. The in-depth perception regarding the development of DWC is elaborated together with the system architecture of the IWPT and DWC system and the different track versions of DWC, which is installable to the road lane.
A hybrid DC/DC/AC converter connected to the grid without a three-phase transformer is controlled. The decentralized control method is applied to the hybrid DC-DC converter such that the maximum power of PV flows to the grid side. This controller must charge and discharge the battery at the proper time. It must also regulate DC-link voltage. An additional advantage of the proposed control is that the three-phase inverter does not need a separate controller such as PWM and SPWM. A simple technique is used for creating the desired phase shift in the three-phase inverter, which makes the active and reactive power of the inverter controllable. A new configuration is also proposed to transmit and manage the generation power of PV. In this scheme, the battery and fuel cell are employed as an auxiliary source to manage the generation power of PV. Finally, a real-time simulation is performed to verify the effectiveness of the proposed controller and system by considering the real characteristics of PV and FC.
A new bidirectional multilevel inverter topology with a high number of voltage levels with a very reduced number of power components is proposed in this paper. Only TEN power switches and four asymmetric DC voltage sources are used to generate 25 voltage levels in this new topology. The proposed multilevel converter is more suitable for e-mobility and photovoltaic applications where the overall energy source can be composed of a few units/associations of several basic source modules. Several benefits are provided by this new topology: Highly sinusoidal current and voltage waveforms, low Total Harmonic Distortion, very low switching losses, and minimum cost and size of the device. For optimum control of this 25-level voltage inverter, a special Modified Hybrid Modulation technique is performed. The proposed 25-level inverter is compared to various topologies published recently in terms of cost, the number of active power switches, clamped diodes, flying capacitors, DC floating capacitors, and the number of DC voltage sources. This comparison clearly shows that the proposed topology is cost-effective, compact, and very efficient. The effectiveness and the good performance of the proposed multilevel power converter (with and without PWM control) are verified and checked by computational simulations.
The document summarizes a research paper that proposes using a Dynamic Voltage Restorer (DVR) to mitigate power quality issues like voltage sags and swells in three-phase distribution systems. It begins with an introduction to power quality problems and DVR technology. It then describes the components and operating principle of a DVR, including its voltage injection capabilities. The document focuses on a control algorithm for DVR based on Synchronous Reference Frame Theory (SRF), which extracts compensation voltages using PI controllers and reference signal generation. Simulation results evaluating the DVR's performance under voltage sag/swell conditions are also presented and discussed.
NON-ISOLATED SOFT SWITCHING DC-DC CONVERTER AND LOAD AT FULL RANGE OF ZVS IAEME Publication
A non isolated soft switching DC–DC converter and load at full range of zero-voltage
switching (ZVS) characteristic is proposed. The proposed converter consists of an auxiliary circuit,
an inductor, two switches, and 2 diodes to achieving high efficiency at full range of load. At low
and heavy loads, ZVS of switching device is achieved by energy storing component. The inductor
energy stored varies with load and hence results in minimizes conduction loss. This leads to
switching of device for full range of load. The proposed DC - DC converter achieves high
efficiency as switching loss is reduced due to soft switching and ZVS operation which severe to
reduce conduction loss. The efficiency is improved about 4% in boost mode (2.5% in buck mode) at
full range of load. To verify the performance of the proposed converter, experimental results
prototype are presented.
HIGH EFFICIENT BRIDGELESS BOOST RECTIFIER FOR LOW VOLTAGE ENERGY HARVESTING A...IAEME Publication
A single phase ac-dc bridgeless boost rectifier for low voltage energy harvesting applications is proposed in this paper. The conventional bridge type boost converters for low voltage energy harvesting requires more components hence they suffer from high power loss and require more number of energy storage components like inductors and capacitors. Conventional converters can be modeled for boost operation or buck-boost operation alone. The proposed converter overcomes the above mentioned draw backs of conventional converter. Detailed analysis of proposed convertor is also presented under boost, buck-boost mode operations. The proposed converter operation is analyzed using MATLAB/SIMULINK environment both open loop and closed loop conditions.
Design modelling and Simulation of DSTATCOM for distribution lines for power ...CHRAMIREDDY2
This document discusses the design, modeling, and simulation of a DSTATCOM (distribution static synchronous compensator) to improve power quality on distribution lines. It presents a study on modeling a STATCOM used for reactive power compensation. A three-phase IGBT-based voltage source inverter known as a DSTATCOM is used for power factor correction, harmonic compensation, and providing reactive power to loads. A model of a DSTATCOM connected to a distribution system feeding linear and non-linear loads is developed in MATLAB to analyze system behavior under transient conditions. The performance of the DSTATCOM is investigated under various fault conditions.
Comparision of pi, fuzzy & neuro fuzzy controller based multi converter unifi...IAEME Publication
The document summarizes a research paper that proposes a Neuro-Fuzzy controller for a Multi Converter Unified Power Quality Conditioner (MC-UPQC) device. The MC-UPQC uses multiple voltage source converters to compensate voltage sags/swells and harmonics on multiple feeder lines simultaneously. Conventionally, a PI controller is used for DC link voltage regulation but it has slow response. The proposed Neuro-Fuzzy controller combines the advantages of Fuzzy Logic and Neural Network controllers. It uses the error voltage and change in error as inputs to separate Fuzzy and Neural Network controllers. This improves the transient response and reduces DC link capacitor charging time compared to PI and Fuzzy controllers alone. Simulation results verify the effectiveness of
Comparison of Shunt Facts Devices for the Improvement of Transient Stability ...IJSRD
This paper presents, the performance of STATCOM placed at midpoint of the two machine power system and compared with the performance of SVC. The comparison of various results found for the different type of faults (single line, double line & three phase fault) occur in long transmission line, and their removal by using shunt FACTS devices is analysed. Computer simulation results under a severe disturbance condition (three phase fault) for different fault clearing times, and different line lengths are analyzed. Both controllers are implemented using MATLAB/SIMULINK. Simulation results shows that the STATCOM with conventional PI controller installed with two machine three bus systems provides better damping oscillation characteristics in rotor angle as compared to two machine power system installed with SVC. The transient stability of two machine system installed with STATCOM has been improved considerably and post settling time of the system after facing disturbance is also improved.
Line Losses in the 14-Bus Power System Network using UPFCIDES Editor
Controlling power flow in modern power systems
can be made more flexible by the use of recent developments
in power electronic and computing control technology. The
Unified Power Flow Controller (UPFC) is a Flexible AC
transmission system (FACTS) device that can control all the
three system variables namely line reactance, magnitude and
phase angle difference of voltage across the line. The UPFC
provides a promising means to control power flow in modern
power systems. Essentially the performance depends on proper
control setting achievable through a power flow analysis
program. This paper presents a reliable method to meet the
requirements by developing a Newton-Raphson based load
flow calculation through which control settings of UPFC can
be determined for the pre-specified power flow between the
lines. The proposed method keeps Newton-Raphson Load Flow
(NRLF) algorithm intact and needs (little modification in the
Jacobian matrix). A MATLAB program has been developed to
calculate the control settings of UPFC and the power flow
between the lines after the load flow is converged. Case studies
have been performed on IEEE 5-bus system and 14-bus system
to show that the proposed method is effective. These studies
indicate that the method maintains the basic NRLF properties
such as fast computational speed, high degree of accuracy and
good convergence rate.
Design of self tuning pi controller for statcom using bats echolocation algor...g.kumaravel
The document describes a study that designed a self-tuning PI controller for a Static Synchronous Compensator (STATCOM) using a Bats Echolocation Algorithm (BEA). A STATCOM is a Flexible AC Transmission Systems device that helps maintain power system stability. The proposed BEA was used to optimize the PI controller gains to regulate the load bus voltage for a power system configuration that included a STATCOM. Digital simulations showed the self-tuning PI controller using the BEA had a faster dynamic response in maintaining the load bus voltage compared to a fixed gain PI controller, especially for a non-linear load.
Implementation of hysteresis current control for single phase grid connected ...Asoka Technologies
This paper describes a control method for single phase grid-connected inverter system for distributed generation application. Single-band Hysteresis Current Controller is applied as the control method. The control algorithm is implemented in Digital Signal Processor (DSP) TMS320F2812. The control method provides robust current regulation and achieve unity power factor. Simulation and experimental results are provided to demonstrate the effectiveness of the design.
Power quality conditioners are devices used in smart grids to improve the quality of power delivered to loads. They ensure efficient power transfer, isolate grids from disturbances, convert DC to AC, and integrate with energy storage. Common types include distribution static compensators (DSTATCOMs), active power filters, and unified power quality conditioners (UPQCs). DSTATCOMs regulate voltage and compensate for reactive power. Active power filters compensate for harmonics and reactive power. UPQCs combine series and shunt filters to compensate for both voltage and current issues. Power quality conditioners are important for integrating renewable energy and ensuring loads function properly in smart grids.
Power quality improvement using upqc with soft computing method: Fuzzy logicSakti Prasanna Muduli
Now a days problems regarding power quality is more in large inter connected power systems. There are many method to mitigate these problems but using the latest most efficient compensation method is some what impressive. Here is the brief explanations regarding UPQC using soft computing method(fuzzy logic). This was my academic project along with my friends.
Statcom control scheme for power quality improvement of grid connected wind e...Kinnera Kin
This project aims to improve power quality for a grid-connected wind energy system using a STATCOM. The objectives are to maintain unity power factor at the source, meet reactive power needs of the wind generator and non-linear load, and provide fast response using hysteresis current control for the STATCOM. MATLAB/Simulink software is used to simulate the system both with and without STATCOM. The simulation results show that with STATCOM, harmonic distortion is eliminated in the load current and power quality is maintained at the point of common coupling.
Mainly the DC motors are employed in most of the application. The main objective is to Regulate the DC motor system. A motor which displays the appearances of a DC motor but there is no commutator and brushes is called as brushless DC motor. These motors are widespread to their compensations than other motors in relationships of dependability, sound, efficiency, preliminary torque and longevity. To achieve the operation more reliable and less noisy, brushless dc motors are employed. In the proposed work, dissimilar methods of speed control are analysed. In real time submission of speed control of BLDC motor, numerous strategies are executed for the speed control singularity. The modified approaches are the employment of PI controller, use of PID controller and proposed current controller.
REDUCTION OF HARMONIC DISTORTION IN BLDC DRIVE USING BL-BUCK BOOST CONVERTER ...IAEME Publication
The document summarizes a study comparing the performance of a bridgeless buck-boost converter fed brushless DC motor drive to a conventional boost converter drive. The key findings are:
1. The proposed BL buck-boost converter provides power factor correction, reducing the total harmonic distortion of the supply current to around 4% and improving the power factor to nearly 0.98.
2. In comparison, a conventional BLDC drive using a diode bridge rectifier and boost converter has total harmonic distortion of around 65% and power factor of only 0.8.
3. Simulation results show the proposed drive maintains low total harmonic distortion of around 4% over variations in DC link voltage and supply voltage.
FIRING ANGLE SVC MODEL FOR ANALYZING THE PERFORMANCE OF TRANSMISSION NETWORK ...IAEME Publication
This paper deals with Power flow, which is necessary for any power system solution and carry
out a comprehensive study of the Newton- Raphson method of power flow analysis with and without
SVC. Voltage stability analysis is the major concern in order to operate any power system as
secured. This paper presents the investigation on N-R power flow enhancement of voltage stability
and power loss minimization with & without FACTS controllers such as Static Var Compensator
(SVC) device. The Static Var Compensator (SVC) provides a promising means to control power
flow in modern power systems. In this paper the Newton-Raphson is used to investigate its effect on
voltage profile and power system lossess with and without SVC in power system.. Simulations
investigate the effect of voltage magnitude and angle with and without SVC on the power flow of
the system. This survey article will be very much useful to the researchers for finding out the
relevant references in the field of Newton-Raphson power flow control with SVC in power systems.
In order to reach the above goals, these devices must be located optimally. In this paper the
Optimal placement of SVC is carried out by Voltage collapse Prediction Index (VCPI).The size of
the SVC is determined by suitable firing angle which reduces the losses in the system. Simulations
have been implemented in MATLAB Software and the IEEE 14 and IEEE 57-bus systems have been
used as case studies.
This document summarizes a study that proposes a new method to improve voltage profiles in power systems by determining optimal locations for reactive power compensation devices like capacitor banks. The method utilizes modal analysis and calculates a reactive participation index (RPI) to identify buses that would most effectively improve voltage levels when compensated. The method is tested on the South Sulawesi power system in Indonesia, identifying key under-voltage buses. Capacitors are added iteratively at the buses with the highest RPI until all voltages are within limits. The results demonstrate improved voltage profiles and increased stability compared to alternative configurations.
SRF THEORY BASED STATCOM FOR COMPENSATION OF REACTIVE POWER AND HARMONICSIAEME Publication
The power electronic devices like converters and inverters inject harmonic currents into AC
system due to their non linear characteristics. These devices draw high amount of reactive power
from source. The commencement of Nonlinear Load into the ac power system will have the effect of
harmonics. The presence of harmonics in system it will effected with power quality problems. Due
to this high amount of power losses and disoperation of power electronics devices is caused, along
with this Harmonics have a number of undesirable effects like Voltage disturbances. These
harmonics are needed to mitigate for Power Quality Enhancement in distributed system. Here the
device called STATCOM is one of the FACTS Devices which can be used to mitigate the harmonics
and reactive power compensation. The voltage source converter is core of the STATCOM and the
hysteresis current control is indirect method of controlling of VSC. In this paper we implement with
SRF based STATCOM control. SRF theory is implemented for the generation of controlling
reference current signals for controller of STATCOM. The Matlab\Simulink based model is
developed and simulation results are showed for linear and nonlinear load conditions.
This document summarizes a research paper that analyzes the performance of a 3-level space vector pulse width modulation (SVPWM) controlled unified power flow controller (UPFC) placed at different locations in an IEEE 14 bus system under a line-to-ground fault. The UPFC combines a static synchronous compensator (STATCOM) and static synchronous series compensator (SSSC) to independently control voltage, real and reactive power flow. Simulation results using MATLAB/Simulink show that a 3-level SVPWM control strategy effectively compensates for problems related to reactive power and power quality under unbalanced fault conditions.
International Journal of Engineering Research and Development is an international premier peer reviewed open access engineering and technology journal promoting the discovery, innovation, advancement and dissemination of basic and transitional knowledge in engineering, technology and related disciplines.
We follow "Rigorous Publication" model - means that all articles appear on IJERD after full appraisal, effectiveness, legitimacy and reliability of research content. International Journal of Engineering Research and Development publishes papers online as well as provide hard copy of Journal to authors after publication of paper. It is intended to serve as a forum for researchers, practitioners and developers to exchange ideas and results for the advancement of Engineering & Technology.
The emerging of inductive wireless power transfer (IWPT) technology provides more opportunities for the electric vehicle (EV) battery to have a better recharging process. With the development of IWPT technology, various way of wireless charging of the EV battery is proposed in order to find the best solution. To further understand the fundamentals of the IWPT system itself, an ample review is done. There are different ways of EV charging which are static charging (wired), static wireless charging (SWC) and dynamic wireless charging (DWC). The review starts with a brief comparison of static charging, SWC and DWC. Then, in detailed discussion on the fundamental concepts, related laws and equations that govern the IWPT principle are also included. In this review, the focus is more on the DWC with a little discussion on static charging and SWC to ensure in-depth understanding before one can do further research about the EV charging process. The in-depth perception regarding the development of DWC is elaborated together with the system architecture of the IWPT and DWC system and the different track versions of DWC, which is installable to the road lane.
A hybrid DC/DC/AC converter connected to the grid without a three-phase transformer is controlled. The decentralized control method is applied to the hybrid DC-DC converter such that the maximum power of PV flows to the grid side. This controller must charge and discharge the battery at the proper time. It must also regulate DC-link voltage. An additional advantage of the proposed control is that the three-phase inverter does not need a separate controller such as PWM and SPWM. A simple technique is used for creating the desired phase shift in the three-phase inverter, which makes the active and reactive power of the inverter controllable. A new configuration is also proposed to transmit and manage the generation power of PV. In this scheme, the battery and fuel cell are employed as an auxiliary source to manage the generation power of PV. Finally, a real-time simulation is performed to verify the effectiveness of the proposed controller and system by considering the real characteristics of PV and FC.
A new bidirectional multilevel inverter topology with a high number of voltage levels with a very reduced number of power components is proposed in this paper. Only TEN power switches and four asymmetric DC voltage sources are used to generate 25 voltage levels in this new topology. The proposed multilevel converter is more suitable for e-mobility and photovoltaic applications where the overall energy source can be composed of a few units/associations of several basic source modules. Several benefits are provided by this new topology: Highly sinusoidal current and voltage waveforms, low Total Harmonic Distortion, very low switching losses, and minimum cost and size of the device. For optimum control of this 25-level voltage inverter, a special Modified Hybrid Modulation technique is performed. The proposed 25-level inverter is compared to various topologies published recently in terms of cost, the number of active power switches, clamped diodes, flying capacitors, DC floating capacitors, and the number of DC voltage sources. This comparison clearly shows that the proposed topology is cost-effective, compact, and very efficient. The effectiveness and the good performance of the proposed multilevel power converter (with and without PWM control) are verified and checked by computational simulations.
The document summarizes a research paper that proposes using a Dynamic Voltage Restorer (DVR) to mitigate power quality issues like voltage sags and swells in three-phase distribution systems. It begins with an introduction to power quality problems and DVR technology. It then describes the components and operating principle of a DVR, including its voltage injection capabilities. The document focuses on a control algorithm for DVR based on Synchronous Reference Frame Theory (SRF), which extracts compensation voltages using PI controllers and reference signal generation. Simulation results evaluating the DVR's performance under voltage sag/swell conditions are also presented and discussed.
NON-ISOLATED SOFT SWITCHING DC-DC CONVERTER AND LOAD AT FULL RANGE OF ZVS IAEME Publication
A non isolated soft switching DC–DC converter and load at full range of zero-voltage
switching (ZVS) characteristic is proposed. The proposed converter consists of an auxiliary circuit,
an inductor, two switches, and 2 diodes to achieving high efficiency at full range of load. At low
and heavy loads, ZVS of switching device is achieved by energy storing component. The inductor
energy stored varies with load and hence results in minimizes conduction loss. This leads to
switching of device for full range of load. The proposed DC - DC converter achieves high
efficiency as switching loss is reduced due to soft switching and ZVS operation which severe to
reduce conduction loss. The efficiency is improved about 4% in boost mode (2.5% in buck mode) at
full range of load. To verify the performance of the proposed converter, experimental results
prototype are presented.
HIGH EFFICIENT BRIDGELESS BOOST RECTIFIER FOR LOW VOLTAGE ENERGY HARVESTING A...IAEME Publication
A single phase ac-dc bridgeless boost rectifier for low voltage energy harvesting applications is proposed in this paper. The conventional bridge type boost converters for low voltage energy harvesting requires more components hence they suffer from high power loss and require more number of energy storage components like inductors and capacitors. Conventional converters can be modeled for boost operation or buck-boost operation alone. The proposed converter overcomes the above mentioned draw backs of conventional converter. Detailed analysis of proposed convertor is also presented under boost, buck-boost mode operations. The proposed converter operation is analyzed using MATLAB/SIMULINK environment both open loop and closed loop conditions.
Design modelling and Simulation of DSTATCOM for distribution lines for power ...CHRAMIREDDY2
This document discusses the design, modeling, and simulation of a DSTATCOM (distribution static synchronous compensator) to improve power quality on distribution lines. It presents a study on modeling a STATCOM used for reactive power compensation. A three-phase IGBT-based voltage source inverter known as a DSTATCOM is used for power factor correction, harmonic compensation, and providing reactive power to loads. A model of a DSTATCOM connected to a distribution system feeding linear and non-linear loads is developed in MATLAB to analyze system behavior under transient conditions. The performance of the DSTATCOM is investigated under various fault conditions.
Comparision of pi, fuzzy & neuro fuzzy controller based multi converter unifi...IAEME Publication
The document summarizes a research paper that proposes a Neuro-Fuzzy controller for a Multi Converter Unified Power Quality Conditioner (MC-UPQC) device. The MC-UPQC uses multiple voltage source converters to compensate voltage sags/swells and harmonics on multiple feeder lines simultaneously. Conventionally, a PI controller is used for DC link voltage regulation but it has slow response. The proposed Neuro-Fuzzy controller combines the advantages of Fuzzy Logic and Neural Network controllers. It uses the error voltage and change in error as inputs to separate Fuzzy and Neural Network controllers. This improves the transient response and reduces DC link capacitor charging time compared to PI and Fuzzy controllers alone. Simulation results verify the effectiveness of
Comparison of Shunt Facts Devices for the Improvement of Transient Stability ...IJSRD
This paper presents, the performance of STATCOM placed at midpoint of the two machine power system and compared with the performance of SVC. The comparison of various results found for the different type of faults (single line, double line & three phase fault) occur in long transmission line, and their removal by using shunt FACTS devices is analysed. Computer simulation results under a severe disturbance condition (three phase fault) for different fault clearing times, and different line lengths are analyzed. Both controllers are implemented using MATLAB/SIMULINK. Simulation results shows that the STATCOM with conventional PI controller installed with two machine three bus systems provides better damping oscillation characteristics in rotor angle as compared to two machine power system installed with SVC. The transient stability of two machine system installed with STATCOM has been improved considerably and post settling time of the system after facing disturbance is also improved.
Line Losses in the 14-Bus Power System Network using UPFCIDES Editor
Controlling power flow in modern power systems
can be made more flexible by the use of recent developments
in power electronic and computing control technology. The
Unified Power Flow Controller (UPFC) is a Flexible AC
transmission system (FACTS) device that can control all the
three system variables namely line reactance, magnitude and
phase angle difference of voltage across the line. The UPFC
provides a promising means to control power flow in modern
power systems. Essentially the performance depends on proper
control setting achievable through a power flow analysis
program. This paper presents a reliable method to meet the
requirements by developing a Newton-Raphson based load
flow calculation through which control settings of UPFC can
be determined for the pre-specified power flow between the
lines. The proposed method keeps Newton-Raphson Load Flow
(NRLF) algorithm intact and needs (little modification in the
Jacobian matrix). A MATLAB program has been developed to
calculate the control settings of UPFC and the power flow
between the lines after the load flow is converged. Case studies
have been performed on IEEE 5-bus system and 14-bus system
to show that the proposed method is effective. These studies
indicate that the method maintains the basic NRLF properties
such as fast computational speed, high degree of accuracy and
good convergence rate.
Design of self tuning pi controller for statcom using bats echolocation algor...g.kumaravel
The document describes a study that designed a self-tuning PI controller for a Static Synchronous Compensator (STATCOM) using a Bats Echolocation Algorithm (BEA). A STATCOM is a Flexible AC Transmission Systems device that helps maintain power system stability. The proposed BEA was used to optimize the PI controller gains to regulate the load bus voltage for a power system configuration that included a STATCOM. Digital simulations showed the self-tuning PI controller using the BEA had a faster dynamic response in maintaining the load bus voltage compared to a fixed gain PI controller, especially for a non-linear load.
Implementation of hysteresis current control for single phase grid connected ...Asoka Technologies
This paper describes a control method for single phase grid-connected inverter system for distributed generation application. Single-band Hysteresis Current Controller is applied as the control method. The control algorithm is implemented in Digital Signal Processor (DSP) TMS320F2812. The control method provides robust current regulation and achieve unity power factor. Simulation and experimental results are provided to demonstrate the effectiveness of the design.
Power quality conditioners are devices used in smart grids to improve the quality of power delivered to loads. They ensure efficient power transfer, isolate grids from disturbances, convert DC to AC, and integrate with energy storage. Common types include distribution static compensators (DSTATCOMs), active power filters, and unified power quality conditioners (UPQCs). DSTATCOMs regulate voltage and compensate for reactive power. Active power filters compensate for harmonics and reactive power. UPQCs combine series and shunt filters to compensate for both voltage and current issues. Power quality conditioners are important for integrating renewable energy and ensuring loads function properly in smart grids.
Power quality improvement using upqc with soft computing method: Fuzzy logicSakti Prasanna Muduli
Now a days problems regarding power quality is more in large inter connected power systems. There are many method to mitigate these problems but using the latest most efficient compensation method is some what impressive. Here is the brief explanations regarding UPQC using soft computing method(fuzzy logic). This was my academic project along with my friends.
Statcom control scheme for power quality improvement of grid connected wind e...Kinnera Kin
This project aims to improve power quality for a grid-connected wind energy system using a STATCOM. The objectives are to maintain unity power factor at the source, meet reactive power needs of the wind generator and non-linear load, and provide fast response using hysteresis current control for the STATCOM. MATLAB/Simulink software is used to simulate the system both with and without STATCOM. The simulation results show that with STATCOM, harmonic distortion is eliminated in the load current and power quality is maintained at the point of common coupling.
Multiband and Modified Time Based Hysteresis Current Controller for Single Ph...IJMER
This document summarizes and compares two hysteresis current control techniques - multiband hysteresis modulation and modified time based hysteresis modulation - for controlling single phase multilevel inverters. The document provides background on multilevel inverters and hysteresis current control. It then describes the principles and simulation results of applying each control technique to a five-level cascaded H-bridge inverter in MATLAB/Simulink. Both techniques aim to achieve constant switching frequency while maintaining low total harmonic distortion of the output voltage waveform.
Application of Multilevel Voltage-Source-Converter in FACTS Devices for Power...IJMER
This document discusses a study on applying a multilevel voltage-source converter (VSC) in flexible AC transmission systems (FACTS) devices for power system voltage control and reactive power compensation. Specifically, it proposes a sixty pulse VSC STATCOM design that combines a twelve pulse converter with a five-level voltage source inverter (VSI) to improve performance. The study finds that the multilevel VSI STATCOM is able to provide satisfactory reactive power flow control and respond quickly to changes in reactive current reference. THD is also maintained within acceptable limits. FACTS devices using power electronics, such as STATCOMs, help enhance power transfer capability, flexibility and stability in transmission networks.
This document discusses power quality and defines it as the ability of a power system to supply voltage continuously within tolerances. It outlines various power quality events like sags, swells, interruptions, harmonics, and their causes and effects. It then describes various techniques to mitigate power quality issues, including dynamic voltage restorers, harmonic filters, static VAR compensators, and unified power quality conditioners. Maintaining high power quality improves system efficiency and equipment lifespan while eliminating problems like voltage fluctuations, harmonics, and reactive power issues.
IJERD(www.ijerd.com)International Journal of Engineering Research and Develop...IJERD Editor
1) The document describes modeling and simulation of a DSTATCOM (distribution static synchronous compensator) to improve power quality in a distribution system feeding both linear and non-linear loads.
2) A MATLAB/Simulink model of a DSTATCOM power circuit and control system is developed. Simulation results under different load conditions are presented to demonstrate the DSTATCOM's ability to provide power factor correction, harmonic compensation, and reactive power support.
3) Key findings include that the DSTATCOM can balance unbalanced loads, improve the source power factor to unity, and regulate voltages under transient conditions like load changes within one cycle.
International Journal of Engineering Research and Development is an international premier peer reviewed open access engineering and technology journal promoting the discovery, innovation, advancement and dissemination of basic and transitional knowledge in engineering, technology and related disciplines.
We follow "Rigorous Publication" model - means that all articles appear on IJERD after full appraisal, effectiveness, legitimacy and reliability of research content. International Journal of Engineering Research and Development publishes papers online as well as provide hard copy of Journal to authors after publication of paper. It is intended to serve as a forum for researchers, practitioners and developers to exchange ideas and results for the advancement of Engineering & Technology.
This document summarizes a research paper that proposes using a STATCOM (Static Synchronous Compensator) to improve power quality when connecting renewable energy sources like wind turbines to the electric grid. The STATCOM provides reactive power support and helps maintain unity power factor at the source. MATLAB simulations show that with the STATCOM, source current is improved and additional load demand can be met dynamically. Charts of source current, load current, and STATCOM output demonstrate the STATCOM's ability to regulate power from the source and compensate for reactive power demands and harmonics.
Optimal placement and sizing of ht shunt capacitors for transmission loss min...IAEME Publication
This document summarizes an article from the International Journal of Electrical Engineering and Technology that proposes a method for optimal placement and sizing of shunt capacitors in the RRVPNL Power Grid transmission network in India. The objectives are to minimize transmission losses and improve the voltage profile in a cost-effective manner. The method formulates the problem using an objective function that considers active power loss reduction and voltage deviation minimization. Power flow is solved iteratively using MATLAB to determine the optimal capacitor locations and sizes that meet the objectives while satisfying voltage constraints. Simulation results found the proposed method effectively restructures capacitor placement in the grid to optimize utilization of capacitors for loss reduction and voltage stability enhancement.
Improved Power Quality by using STATCOM Under Various Loading ConditionsIJMTST Journal
This document discusses improving power quality using a STATCOM under various loading conditions. It first provides background on power quality issues and defines STATCOM. It then describes the system topology which includes a wind energy generation system connected to the grid along with a STATCOM and battery energy storage system. Two control schemes for the STATCOM are proposed: Bang-Bang current control and fuzzy logic control. Simulation results using MATLAB/Simulink are presented for various cases including balanced/unbalanced linear and non-linear loads, showing the STATCOM is able to mitigate power quality issues and regulate voltage.
Svpwm based 3 level statcom for reactive power management under line-lineIAEME Publication
This document summarizes a research paper that analyzes the performance of a 3-level STATCOM for reactive power management under a line-line fault in a transmission line. The paper tests a line-line fault in an IEEE 14 bus system incorporating nonlinear loads. A 2-level and 3-level STATCOM using SVPWM control are placed at bus 14 to regulate the voltage. Simulation results show the effectiveness of the SVPWM control strategy in managing reactive power and voltage stability during steady state and transient operation for both the 2-level and 3-level STATCOM configurations.
IRJET- Analysis of Open Loop Distribution Static Compensator for Improvin...IRJET Journal
This document discusses the analysis and simulation of an open loop distribution static compensator (D-STATCOM) for improving power quality in a distribution system. Key points:
1. A D-STATCOM model is developed in MATLAB Simulink to compensate for reactive power demand from nonlinear and unbalanced loads, improve source power factor, and reduce total harmonic distortion in source currents.
2. Simulation results show that before compensation, source currents are unbalanced and distorted due to nonlinear loads. The D-STATCOM is able to maintain unity power factor at the source and mitigate harmonics after compensation.
3. Operating modes of the D-STATCOM include reactive power compensation to regulate voltage, and active power compensation
Machine learning for prediction models to mitigate the voltage deviation in ...IJECEIAES
The voltage deviation is one of the most crucial power quality issues that occur in electrical power systems. Renewable energy plays a vital role in electrical distribution networks due to the high economic returns. However, the presence of photovoltaic systems changes the nature of the energy flow in the grid and causes many problems such as voltage deviation. In this work, several predictive models are examined for voltage regulation in the Jordanian Sabha distribution network equipped with photovoltaic farms. The augmented grey wolf optimizer is used to train the different predictive models. To evaluate the performance of models, a value of one for regression factor and a low value for root mean square error, mean square error, and mean absolute error are used as standards. In addition, a comparison between nineteen predictive models has been made. The results have proved the capability of linear regression and the gaussian process to restore the bus voltages in the distribution network accurately and quickly and to solve the shortening in the voltage dynamic response caused by the iterative nature of the heuristic algorithm.
A seven level cascaded multilevel dstatcom for compensation of reactive power...IAEME Publication
This document describes a seven-level cascaded multilevel DSTATCOM system for compensating reactive power and harmonics. It uses a cascaded H-bridge multilevel inverter with either phase shifted PWM or level shifted PWM modulation techniques. Simulation results show the system is able to compensate load current harmonics and reactive power, reducing the total harmonic distortion of source currents from 36.89% to 4.37% with a seven-level inverter using phase shifted PWM. The DSTATCOM provides unity power factor correction at the point of common coupling.
Comparison of facts devices for two area power system stability enhancement u...IAEME Publication
This document summarizes a research paper that compares the performance of SVC and STATCOM FACTS devices for enhancing transient stability in a two area power system modelled in MATLAB. The paper reviews previous research on using FACTS controllers like SVC, STATCOM, SSSC, TCSC and UPFC to improve power system stability. Simulation results from the paper indicate that a two machine system installed with STATCOM provided better damping of rotor angle oscillations compared to an SVC installation, demonstrating improved transient stability when using a STATCOM.
Multi-machine system with Series FACTS device: Static synchronous series comp...IRJET Journal
This document presents a study of a multi-machine power system with and without a Static Synchronous Series Compensator (SSSC). The SSSC is modeled and its effect on the system is analyzed under different operating conditions. In normal load conditions, power flow increased by 8% with the SSSC. Under an 8% increased load, voltages were improved and disturbances decreased with the SSSC. During a fault, the SSSC helped settle the system faster and improved power flow recovery after the fault was cleared. The study demonstrates the benefits of the SSSC for improving power flow, damping oscillations, and enhancing transient stability.
Neural Network based p-q-r Theory for Harmonic Reduction and Neutral Current ...IJECEIAES
This document presents a neural network (NN) based p-q-r control strategy for a distributed static synchronous compensator (DSTATCOM) in a three-phase four-wire (3P4W) distribution system. The DSTATCOM integrates a three-phase four-leg voltage source converter with a DC capacitor. The control strategy uses two artificial neural network controllers - one to calculate reference signals for the three-phase three-wire shunt active power filter, and another to produce reference signals for the single-phase active power filter to mitigate neutral current under unbalanced conditions. Simulation results in MATLAB/Simulink validate the effectiveness of the NN based control algorithm in reducing total harmonic distortion, compensating reactive power
A Fault Current Limiter Circuit to Improve Transient Stability in Power SystemIAES-IJPEDS
Short circuit current limitation in distribution system utilities can be an operational approach to improve power quality, since the estimated voltage sag amplitude during faults may be intensely reduced. The application of superconducting fault current limiter (SFCL) is projected here to limit the fault current that occurs in power system. SFCL utilizes superconductors to instantaneously decrease the unanticipated electrical surges that happen on utility distribution and power transmission networks. SFCL considerably decrease the economic burden on the utilities by reducing the wear on circuit breakers and protecting other expensive equipment. The designed SFCL model is used for determining an impedance level of SFCL according to the fault current limitation necessities of different types of the smart grid system. The representation of this paper about to see the optimum resistive value of SFCL for enhancing the transient stability of a power system. The assessment of optimal resistive value of the SFCL connected in series in a transmission line with a conductor throughout a short circuit fault is consistently determined by applying the equal-area criterion supported by power-angle curves. A Simulink based primary model is developed and additionally the simulation results for the projected model are achieved by using MATLAB.
The document is an abstract from the International Journal of Electrical Engineering and Technology discussing load reactive power compensation using a Unified Power Quality Conditioner (UPQC) with power angle control of the voltage-sourced converters. It introduces a new concept of using the UPQC's series inverter to simultaneously compensate for voltage sags/swells and share the reactive power load with the shunt inverter. The power angle control approach coordinates the reactive power between the two inverters. Mathematical analysis is presented to extend power angle control for this application. Simulation and experimental results validate the proposed control concept.
2.[6 13]investigation on d-statcom operation for power quality improvement in...Alexander Decker
1) The document presents a new control scheme for D-STATCOM that uses sinusoidal PWM signals based only on voltage measurements to regulate voltage in distribution systems.
2) Simulations using MATLAB/PLECS show the control scheme maintains constant voltage under disturbances by exchanging reactive power with the system through the D-STATCOM.
3) Results demonstrate the control scheme effectively regulates voltage, compensates for harmonics, and corrects power factor during system faults and load variations.
International Journal of Engineering Research and DevelopmentIJERD Editor
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Aerospace Engineering.
Comparative analysis of a cascaded seven level and five level mli based distr...IAEME Publication
This document summarizes a research paper that compares a cascaded seven-level and five-level multilevel inverter-based distribution static synchronous compensator (DSTATCOM) for compensating harmonics and reactive power using reference frame theory. The paper presents the configuration of a DSTATCOM using a cascaded multilevel inverter with five levels and seven levels. It describes the operation and switching states of the five-level and seven-level inverters. It also discusses the reference current control strategy used, which generates the reference currents required to compensate load current harmonics and reactive power based on instantaneous real-power theory. The control scheme aims to maintain the DC bus voltage constant. The proposed DSTATCOM system is
SRF CONTROLLED DVR FOR COMPENSATION OF BALANCED AND UNBALANCED VOLTAGE DISTUR...IAEME Publication
The growth of power electronictechnology in the field of electric power sector has caused a greater awarenesson the power quality of distribution systems. With the re-structuring of powersystems and with shifting trend towards distributed and dispersed generation,the issue of power quality is going to take newer dimensions. The presentresearch is to identify the prominent concerns in this area and hence themeasures that can enhance the quality of power. This paper investigates theproblems of voltage sag, swell and its severe impact on nonlinear loads,sensitive loads.
IRJET - Hybrid Renewable Energy Sources for Power Quality Improvement with In...IRJET Journal
This document discusses hybrid renewable energy sources and power quality improvement using an intelligent controller. It proposes using a hybrid system of renewable energy sources along with a shunt active power filter (APF) controlled by an intelligent controller to improve power quality issues like harmonics. The APF compensates for harmonic current in the system. The document provides details on the various components involved like the choke, linear and non-linear loads, three-phase voltage and current measurement, bridge amplifier, hysteresis control, and power quality (PQ) theory. It also discusses control strategies for the shunt APF like synchronous detection and instantaneous power (p-q) theory methods.
LOAD SHEDDING DESIGN FOR AN INDUSTRIAL COGENERATION SYSTEMELELIJ
This document summarizes a research paper that proposes using an artificial neural network (ANN) to design an adaptive load shedding scheme for an industrial cogeneration power system. The paper describes modeling the cogeneration system in ETAP software and using it to generate training data for the ANN by simulating different operating scenarios. The ANN is trained to determine the minimum amount of load shedding needed based on inputs like generation, load, and frequency change rate. Compared to conventional under-frequency relay load shedding, the ANN approach aims to more accurately calculate the needed load reduction while maintaining power to critical loads. Simulation results demonstrate the ANN scheme's effectiveness at stabilizing system frequency during contingencies with generation-load mismatches
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This document proposes a mobile safety system for automobiles that uses Android operating system. The system has two main components: a safety device and an automobile base unit. The safety device allows users to monitor the vehicle's location on a map, check its status, and control functions remotely. It communicates with the base unit in the vehicle using GPRS. The base unit collects data from sensors, determines the vehicle's GPS location, and can execute control commands like activating the brakes or switching off the engine. The document provides details on the design and algorithms of both components and includes examples of Java code implementation. The goal is to create an intelligent, secure and easy-to-use mobile safety system for vehicles using embedded systems and Android
Efficient text compression using special character replacementiaemedu
The document describes a proposed algorithm for efficient text compression using special character replacement and space removal. The algorithm replaces words with non-printable ASCII characters or combinations of characters to compress text files. It uses a dynamic dictionary to map words to their symbols. Spaces are removed from the compressed file in some cases to further reduce file size. Experimental results show the algorithm achieves better compression ratios than LZW, WinZip 10.0 and WinRAR 3.93 for various text file types while allowing lossless decompression.
The document discusses agile programming and proposes a new methodology. It provides an overview of existing agile methodologies like Scrum and Extreme Programming. Scrum uses short sprints to define tasks and deadlines. Extreme Programming focuses on practices like test-first development, pair programming, and continuous integration. The document notes drawbacks like an inability to support large or multi-site projects. It proposes designing a new methodology that combines the advantages of existing methods while overcoming their deficiencies.
Adaptive load balancing techniques in global scale grid environmentiaemedu
The document discusses various adaptive load balancing techniques for distributed applications in grid environments. It first describes adaptive mesh refinement algorithms that partition computational domains using space-filling curves or by distributing grids independently or at different levels. It also discusses dynamic load balancing using tiling and multi-criteria geometric partitioning. The document then covers repartitioning algorithms based on multilevel diffusion and the adaptive characteristics of structured adaptive mesh refinement applications. Finally, it discusses adaptive workload balancing on heterogeneous resources by benchmarking resource characteristics and estimating application parameters to find optimal load distribution.
A survey on the performance of job scheduling in workflow applicationiaemedu
This document summarizes a survey on job scheduling performance in workflow applications on grid platforms. It discusses an adaptive dual objective scheduling (ADOS) algorithm that takes both completion time and resource usage into account for measuring schedule performance. The study shows ADOS delivers good performance in completion time, resource usage, and robustness to changes in resource performance. It also describes the system architecture used, which includes a planner and executor component. The planner focuses on scheduling to minimize completion time while considering resource usage, and can reschedule if needed. The executor enacts the schedule on the grid resources.
A survey of mitigating routing misbehavior in mobile ad hoc networksiaemedu
This document summarizes existing methods to detect misbehavior in mobile ad hoc networks (MANETs). It discusses how routing protocols assume nodes will cooperate fully, but misbehavior like packet dropping can occur. It describes several techniques to detect misbehavior, including watchdog, ACK/SACK, TWOACK, S-TWOACK, and credit-based/reputation-based schemes. Credit-based schemes use virtual currencies to provide incentives for nodes to forward packets, while reputation-based schemes track nodes' past behaviors. The document aims to survey approaches for mitigating the impact of misbehaving nodes in MANET routing.
A novel approach for satellite imagery storage by classifyiaemedu
This document presents a novel approach for classifying and storing satellite imagery by detecting and storing only non-duplicate regions. It uses kernel principal component analysis to reduce the dimensionality and extract features of satellite images. Fuzzy N-means clustering is then used to segment the images into blocks. A duplication detection algorithm compares blocks to identify duplicate and non-duplicate regions. Only the non-duplicate regions are stored in the database, improving storage efficiency and updating speed compared to completely replacing existing images. Support vector machines are used to categorize the non-duplicate blocks into the appropriate classes in the existing images.
A self recovery approach using halftone images for medical imageryiaemedu
This document summarizes a proposed approach for securely transferring medical images over the internet using visual cryptography and halftone images. The approach uses error diffusion techniques to generate a halftone host image from the grayscale medical image. Shadow images are then created from the halftone host image using visual cryptography algorithms. When stacked together, the shadow images reveal the secret medical image. The halftone host image also contains an embedded logo that can be extracted to verify the integrity of the reconstructed image without a trusted third party.