operation desert shield coverage
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The BBC devoted its national radio station BBC Radio 4 to rolling news coverage of the Gulf War, creating Radio 4 News FM. This short-lived station ended after President Bush's ceasefire declaration. Two BBC journalists defied orders to remain in Baghdad and reported on the progress of the war, including footage of a cruise missile turning at a traffic light. Newspapers worldwide also covered the war extensively, with Time magazine publishing a special issue on the first day of the conflict.
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![USAโs
coverage
The war was covered live since its
beginnings by the three main
American networks, as well as the
emerging CNN. On the night of
January 16, when the air strikes
began ABC's Peter Jennings, CBS's
Dan Rather, and NBC's Tom Brokaw
were anchoring their evening
newscasts. ABC News
correspondent Gary Shepard,
reporting live from Baghdad, told
Jennings of the quietness of the city.
But, moments later, Shepard was
back on the air as flashes of light
were seen on the horizon and tracer
fire was heard on the ground. On
CBS, viewers were watching a report
from correspondent Allen Pizzey,
who was also reporting from
Baghdad, when the war began. On
the "NBC Nightly News",
correspondent Mike Boettcher
reported unusual air activity in
Dhahran, Saudi Arabia. Moments
later, Brokaw announced to his
viewers that the air attack had
begun.
In Britain, the BBC devoted the FM
portion of its national speech radio
station BBC Radio 4 to a 18h rolling
news format creating Radio 4 News FM.
The station was short lived, ending
shortly after the President Bush
declared the ceasefire and the
liberation of Kuwait. However, it paved
the way for the later introduction of
Radio Five Live.
Two BBC journalists, John Simpson and
Bob Simpson (who, despite sharing a
surname, are unrelated), defied their
editors and remained in Baghdad to
report on the progress of the war. They
were responsible for a report which
included an "infamous cruise missile
that travelled down a street and turned
left at a traffic light."[11]
Newspapers all over the world also
covered the war and Time magazine
published a special issue dated 28
January 1991, the headline "WAR IN
THE GULF" emblazoned on the cover
over a picture of Baghdad taken as the
war began.
Arab media industry was strictly controlled by
governments. State-owned TV stations were
also being supervised. As the mouth piece of
the authority, Ab news media only broadcast
what the government wanted the public to
know. News in this context is called โprotocol
newsโ, reporting war information closely
following the government agenda.1
Witnessing the significant influence of CNNโs
Gulf War coverage, Arab states realized how
satellite television reporting could grant a
country considerable leverage during war
times. Witnessing the dramatic impact of
CNN's international coverage of the 1991
Gulf War, several Arab states realized the
strategic value of satellite television during
times of conflict. Many of the Gulf States
began launching their own national satellite
TV networks. Arab governments saw satellite
news as the ideal vehicle for extending and
exerting influence beyond their own borders.
The success of CNN among Arab audiences
during the Gulf War led to the establishment
of the Middle East Broadcasting Center (MBC)
in London. Events such as the Gulf war and
the 2003 invasion of Iraq created major
realignments in Saudi social and political
boundaries.
Middle eastโs
coverage
UKโs
coverage](data:image/gif;base64,R0lGODlhAQABAIAAAAAAAP///yH5BAEAAAAALAAAAAABAAEAAAIBRAA7)
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(๐๐๐ ๐๐๐) (๐๐๐ฌ๐ฌ๐จ๐ง ๐)-๐๐ซ๐๐ฅ๐ข๐ฆ๐ฌ
๐๐ข๐ฌ๐๐ฎ๐ฌ๐ฌ ๐ญ๐ก๐ ๐๐๐ ๐๐ฎ๐ซ๐ซ๐ข๐๐ฎ๐ฅ๐ฎ๐ฆ ๐ข๐ง ๐ญ๐ก๐ ๐๐ก๐ข๐ฅ๐ข๐ฉ๐ฉ๐ข๐ง๐๐ฌ:
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๐๐ฑ๐ฉ๐ฅ๐๐ข๐ง ๐ญ๐ก๐ ๐๐๐ญ๐ฎ๐ซ๐ ๐๐ง๐ ๐๐๐จ๐ฉ๐ ๐จ๐ ๐๐ง ๐๐ง๐ญ๐ซ๐๐ฉ๐ซ๐๐ง๐๐ฎ๐ซ:
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(๐๐๐ ๐๐๐) (๐๐๐ฌ๐ฌ๐จ๐ง ๐)-๐๐ซ๐๐ฅ๐ข๐ฆ๐ฌ
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- 2. USAโs coverage The war was covered live since its beginnings by the three main American networks, as well as the emerging CNN. On the night of January 16, when the air strikes began ABC's Peter Jennings, CBS's Dan Rather, and NBC's Tom Brokaw were anchoring their evening newscasts. ABC News correspondent Gary Shepard, reporting live from Baghdad, told Jennings of the quietness of the city. But, moments later, Shepard was back on the air as flashes of light were seen on the horizon and tracer fire was heard on the ground. On CBS, viewers were watching a report from correspondent Allen Pizzey, who was also reporting from Baghdad, when the war began. On the "NBC Nightly News", correspondent Mike Boettcher reported unusual air activity in Dhahran, Saudi Arabia. Moments later, Brokaw announced to his viewers that the air attack had begun. In Britain, the BBC devoted the FM portion of its national speech radio station BBC Radio 4 to a 18h rolling news format creating Radio 4 News FM. The station was short lived, ending shortly after the President Bush declared the ceasefire and the liberation of Kuwait. However, it paved the way for the later introduction of Radio Five Live. Two BBC journalists, John Simpson and Bob Simpson (who, despite sharing a surname, are unrelated), defied their editors and remained in Baghdad to report on the progress of the war. They were responsible for a report which included an "infamous cruise missile that travelled down a street and turned left at a traffic light."[11] Newspapers all over the world also covered the war and Time magazine published a special issue dated 28 January 1991, the headline "WAR IN THE GULF" emblazoned on the cover over a picture of Baghdad taken as the war began. Arab media industry was strictly controlled by governments. State-owned TV stations were also being supervised. As the mouth piece of the authority, Ab news media only broadcast what the government wanted the public to know. News in this context is called โprotocol newsโ, reporting war information closely following the government agenda.1 Witnessing the significant influence of CNNโs Gulf War coverage, Arab states realized how satellite television reporting could grant a country considerable leverage during war times. Witnessing the dramatic impact of CNN's international coverage of the 1991 Gulf War, several Arab states realized the strategic value of satellite television during times of conflict. Many of the Gulf States began launching their own national satellite TV networks. Arab governments saw satellite news as the ideal vehicle for extending and exerting influence beyond their own borders. The success of CNN among Arab audiences during the Gulf War led to the establishment of the Middle East Broadcasting Center (MBC) in London. Events such as the Gulf war and the 2003 invasion of Iraq created major realignments in Saudi social and political boundaries. Middle eastโs coverage UKโs coverage