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OpenDataCourse-03-HowToMakeSuccessfulOpenData
The document discusses the principles and practices of open data initiatives, emphasizing the importance of a demand-focused approach that prioritizes user needs over producers. It outlines key components for successful implementation, including readiness, impact assessment, and sustainability, while also highlighting the role of civil society in utilizing open data for innovation and accountability. The findings suggest that while many countries have established open data initiatives, challenges remain in ensuring quality, accessibility, and long-term sustainability of these data sets.
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OpenDataCourse-03-HowToMakeSuccessfulOpenData
- 1. CHIS: Open Datae Linked Open Data 3: How to make successful Open Data? Vittorio Scarano vitsca@dia.unisa.it Dipartimento di Informatica Università di Salerno (Italy) 1 CHIS: Open Data and Linked Open Data
- 2. • Success inOpen Data Initiatives • Open Data Barometer • readiness, implementation, impact • Sustainability • Conclusions • Reading list, credits and acknowledgements CHIS: Open Data and Linked Open Data 2 Outline of the talk
- 3. • Success inOpen Data Initiatives • Open Data Barometer • readiness, implementation, impact • Sustainability • Conclusions • Reading list, credits and acknowledgements CHIS: Open Data and Linked Open Data 3 Outline of the talk
- 4. • Actually thisis not the principal issue • Issues: • readiness (capacity to delivery it) • implementation (choice of the key dataset) • impact in the real world • Need for prioritising user needs • over producer needs • Focus on the demand of data CHIS: Open Data and Linked Open Data 4 Not only quantity..
- 5. • A demand-focusedapproach prioritises the needs of the data user over the data publisher. • Demand-focussed open data also enables a range of additional benefits such as: • open data as an educator: increasing data literacy, crucial to understand our world • open data as key enabler of open innovation • encourage people to communicate and innovate • open data enhancing business CHIS: Open Data and Linked Open Data 5 Focussing on demand for open data
- 6. • … Demand-focussedopen data also enables a range of additional benefits such as: • open data can bring change within societies • Swiss transport safety map increased awareness of danger • open data can make communities to talk to each other • FixMyStreet CHIS: Open Data and Linked Open Data 6 Focussing on demand for open data
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- 9. CHIS: Open Data and Linked Open Data 9 KPI: KeyPerformance Indicators • Help to identify and communicate success • Flag areas where more investment is needed • Identify where to refocus • Show where better to direct resources • Open Data Barometer uses three indicators 1. readiness 2. implementation 3. impact
- 10. • Success inOpen Data Initiatives • Open Data Barometer • readiness, implementation, impact • Sustainability • Conclusions • Reading list, credits and acknowledgements CHIS: Open Data and Linked Open Data 10 Outline of the talk
- 11. • W3 Consortium(released 2015) • 92 countries analyzed • Previous versions: 2013, 2014 • Methods: • Peer reviewed expert survey • Government self-assessment • Secondary data by the World Economic Forum, World Bank, UN offices, Freedom House CHIS: Open Data and Linked Open Data 11 Open Data Barometer 3rd report
- 12. • The majorityof countries (55%) have an open Data initiative in place • New countries are promising with planned new initiatives • Demand is high: civil society and the tech community are using government data in 93% of the countries CHIS: Open Data and Linked Open Data 12 Some key findings - 1
- 13. The evolution inthe surveys
- 14. • Advertisement opendata as democratic and transparent credentials • Open data is one component of a responsible and accountable government • No support from culture of openness • citizens are encouraged to ask and engage • Disturbingly, a backside in some countries CHIS: Open Data and Linked Open Data 14 Some key findings - 3
- 15. • Implementation andimpact: progress is stalling • Getting branches of the government to identify budget and staff to publish OD is uphill battle • Tendency of government to see OD as an experiment (no long-term strategy) • resulting in haphazard implementation, weak demand and limited impact CHIS: Open Data and Linked Open Data 15 Some key findings - 4
- 16. • 26 outof top 30 countries are high-income • Half of the datasets are in the top 10 OECD countries • “A whole new inequality frontier” (UN pointed out) • Some initiatives are launched in developing countries • often with no adequate resources CHIS: Open Data and Linked Open Data 16 Some key findings - 5
- 18. • Traditional opendata stalwarts (UK, USA) • But new generation of open data adopters • France, Canada, Mexico, Uruguay, South Korea, … • Activities of the International Open Data Charter is able to stimulate challenger countries and renovate energy in traditional leaders CHIS: Open Data and Linked Open Data 18 Some key findings - 6
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- 20. • Success in Open Data Ini?a?ves • Open Data Barometer – readiness, implementa?on, impact • Sustainability • Conclusions • Reading list, credits and acknowledgements CHIS: Open Data and Linked Open Data 20 Outline of the talk
- 21. • Policies anddata management approaches • do governments have policies/protocols to ensure open data are available on the long term? • Government actions (national/regional) • groundwork so that OD are used at all levels • Civil rights and the role of citizens • citizens/society empowered to participate, via OD • Business and entrepreneurship • are they able to take advantage? CHIS: Open Data and Linked Open Data 21 1. Readiness: some questions
- 22. • Only 6countries have explitic policy committment to make data open-by-default • including Italy • with some differences (binding/non-binding) • Often, clear are “open data principles” • but weak on specifics of implementation, and standards • Publication of data is not a KPI of the government • No evidence of quality control processes • Need to engage with users before setting policies CHIS: Open Data and Linked Open Data 22 Policies and data management
- 23. CHIS: Open Data and Linked Open Data 23 Strength ofOD policies/mgmt
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- 25. • Open Dataputs information (power) in the hands of citizens • How does it change the accountability of government? • Some foundations needed: • strong privacy laws, freedom of information act, right to access data • Without foundation: only “open washing” CHIS: Open Data and Linked Open Data 25 Civil rights and the role of citizens
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- 27. • Benefits fromunlocking OD: training and promotion of innovation • Training: still not enough • no full range of advanced training on data/open-data • no courses on specific, sectoral approach (e.g. health) • Only 20% of countries have an established program for supporting innovation (designed to use OD) CHIS: Open Data and Linked Open Data 27 Business and entrepreneurship
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- 30. • Success inOpen Data Initiatives • Open Data Barometer • readiness, implementation, impact • Sustainability • Conclusions • Reading list, credits and acknowledgements CHIS: Open Data and Linked Open Data 30 Outline of the talk
- 31. • Often, governmentsare publishing only selected data sets • The implementation looks at the: • extent of publishing (which data) • openness of data published and if timely accessible • Some problems to find high-quality government data CHIS: Open Data and Linked Open Data 31 2. Implementation
- 32. • Government budgetis most likely to be open • 18% of the countries • Some critical data are unlikely to be found: • company register (only in Australia) • Government spending (only Brasil and UK) • Legislation (only Brazil, France, Korea and UK) • Land ownership (only Australia, Canada, Estonia, UK, Uruguay) CHIS: Open Data and Linked Open Data 32 Data availability
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- 43. • Appropriately licensed • Free • Properly formatted (machine-readable, bulk) • xls(x), csv/tsv, xml, json and raw dbf/mdb db dump • pdf, plain html, ods or plain txt and plain jpeg/png • Up-to-date (irregular, inconsistent) • Easy to find • Sustainable (guarantee for the future to be regularly available) • Linked CHIS: Open Data and Linked Open Data 43 Open government data quality
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- 46. • Success inOpen Data Initiatives • Open Data Barometer • readiness, implementation, impact • Sustainability • Conclusions • Reading list, credits and acknowledgements CHIS: Open Data and Linked Open Data 46 Outline of the talk
- 47. • Difficult tomeasure: evidence is limited • Assessment of countries for: • transparency & accountability, and improved government efficiency and effectiveness • environmental impacts • greater inclusion for marginalised groups • contribution to economy • support to startups, enterpreneurs and existing business • Warning! Political impact is declining • not enough resources/staff CHIS: Open Data and Linked Open Data 47 3. Impact
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- 50. • The long-standingleaders (UK, USA) still remain top of the rankings • A new generation is challenging their leadership • France, Canada • Korea, Japa, Singapore, Philippines • Mexico, Uruguay • Africa is the exception (no clear new challenger) • Rwanda stable, Kenya and Ghana holding CHIS: Open Data and Linked Open Data 50 Rankings.. (at least!)
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- 60. • Success inOpen Data Initiatives • Open Data Barometer • readiness, implementation, impact • Sustainability • Conclusions • Reading list, credits and acknowledgements CHIS: Open Data and Linked Open Data 60 Outline of the talk
- 61. • Open datamust be • relevant • up-to-date • accessible • A sustainable open data programma • continues to release data regularly • (at least) with the same or improving quality and quantity • A sustainable open dataset is supported by • secure funding, active support, wide reuse CHIS: Open Data and Linked Open Data 61 Why sustainability matters
- 62. • “Freely used”does not mean there is no cost to collecting or releasing the data. • Funding can be secured by: • Charging for access or enhanced services • Funding from another source who supports open data publication • Demonstrating the ongoing value of open data to the organisation CHIS: Open Data and Linked Open Data 62 Secure funding
- 63. • Making opendata sustainable for an organisation usually requires • the backing of its management, to make it a priority, • the support of staff responsible for maintaining quality. • Active support is most commonly achieved by a company committing to maintaining open data as part of its daily operations. CHIS: Open Data and Linked Open Data 63 Active support for open data
- 64. • When theservices created with that data become critical to the success of the publisher’s business. • Example • Datasets of the Berlin transport system are used by millions when they access transport apps (Citymapper) • These apps drive usage of VBB services • VBB commits to regularly update the data. CHIS: Open Data and Linked Open Data 64 Wide reuse of open data
- 65. • Not goodonly for the users.. but also for the publisher • Effects: Enhancing the trust of the community in the publisher’s organisation. • allows a large community to build and analyse data in order to draw their own conclusions, often in support of a publisher's view. • Effect: Supporting the creation of new products and services • build business connections that bring direct feedback to the publisher • Simplifying the publishers reuse of their own data. CHIS: Open Data and Linked Open Data 65 Why? Solid foundations
- 66. • Improves datausability • Often, the publisher is using the Open Data that it is publishing for internal purposes • Why separate the public release of data from the internal data usage? • Data of increasing quality enhances efficiency from the inside! CHIS: Open Data and Linked Open Data 66 Effect: publishers reuse of OD
- 67. • What isthe source? • confidence in its commitment • can a change in politics affect the priority of OD? • Who is funding the release? • is the organization subject to transparency pressures or is there a beneficial use, that drives the demand? • What does the license say? • some suggestions on the future of the dataset CHIS: Open Data and Linked Open Data 67 The questions to sustainability -1
- 68. • Who isalready using the data? • wide pressure to keep it active and updated • is it used internally? • What is the publishing history? • How long is the dataset been published? • Is there a project term? • How can I contribute? (to sustainability) • by using it increases dataset’s demand • join communities CHIS: Open Data and Linked Open Data 68 The questions to sustainability -2
- 69. • Success inOpen Data Initiatives • Open Data Barometer • readiness, implementation, impact • Sustainability • Conclusions • Reading list, credits and acknowledgements CHIS: Open Data and Linked Open Data 69 Outline of the talk
- 70. • Success mustbe measured: KPI • Different measure • inside and outside the publisher • Process must be sustainable • stimulating its sustainability is part of the success • Since the beginning of the project CHIS: Open Data and Linked Open Data 70 Conclusions
- 71. • Success inOpen Data Initiatives • Open Data Barometer • readiness, implementation, impact • Sustainability • Conclusions • Reading list, credits and acknowledgements CHIS: Open Data and Linked Open Data 71 Outline of the talk
- 72. • European DataPortal: Measuring success for Open Data. http://www.europeandataportal.eu/elearning/en/ module6/#/id/co-01 • Open Data Barometer: http://opendatabarometer.org • European Data Portal: Why should we worry about sustainability? http://www.europeandataportal.eu/elearning/en/ module7/#/id/co-01 CHIS: Open Data and Linked Open Data 72 Reading list
- 73. • Part ofthe material comes with license CC-BY or CC- SA • from the European Data Portal Library • http://www.europeandataportal.eu/en/training-library • from the Open Data Barometer Report CHIS: Open Data and Linked Open Data 73 Credits
- 74. • Part ofthe work was funded by the ROUTE-TO-PA H2020 project • www.routetopa.eu for more info CHIS: Open Data and Linked Open Data 74 Acknowledgments The project has received funding from the European Union’s Horizon 2020 research and innova<on programme under grant agreement No 645860.
- 75. • Author: VittorioScarano, ROUTE-TO-PA project • vitsca@dia.unisa.it • License: This Work is licensed with Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International (CC BY-SA 4.0) • https://creativecommons.org/ licenses/by-sa/4.0/ • Available onSlideShare CHIS: Open Data and Linked Open Data 75 License